研究生期末学术英语写作

1. 学术英语写作

英语专业写作和一般英语的写作不同之处是要求更高一些，会有写作专业。专首先是字数要求，考试的时候英属语字数要比平时训练时少很多其次是谋篇布局，英语专业写作在上课的时候会景不同的文章分类，议论文，记叙文，说明文，应用文等；然后根据类别学习练习英文写作最后是词汇和句式要求，英语专业写作中同一个词的出现频率不能太高，句式强调复杂多变。总结三个词语：unity，coherence，variation。

2. 研究生英语期末论文如何能得高分

用一些多英译一些成语在里面，内容不要太平铺直叙，如果你写作文写得好，那么建议你先用中文打个草稿，尽量写得比较精彩，让人一看就有想读下去的欲望，可以炫技（也就是你的文笔），但是不要太明显，这个跟写作文差别不大，只不过论文更具议论性，跟议论文应该差不多

3. 求智慧树学术英语写作(本科)期末考试答案

听说公众号类似 手电校园 有参考答案，有用过的同学过来分享一下

4. 《学术英语交流写作》是哪个学期的课

Communication plays a significant role in our daily life,especially in modern society.Since we get along with other people in every field,we must learn how to communicate with people effectively.
Effective communication should be planned carefully.First,speak slowly and briefly in order to make ourselves understood completely.Second,express ourselves in all sincerity and with warmth.Third,concentrate on what the speaker says and appreciate his point of view.Moreover,we should give positive feedback by nodding or smiling while listening.Fourth,place ourselves in the place of others.

5. 学术英语和一般写作英语有什么区别

一、侧重点不同

1、一般写作英语：一种语言，没有明显的使用范围（跟汉语一样）。

3、学术英语：主要体现其学术性，常与某些理论相关，如论文，在大学生，教授，专家的生活中较多出现，多是与科学，工程，技术方面相关的英语。

二、范围不同

1、一般写作英语是泛指一门语言，按不同分类可分为口语，书面语；一般生活英语，专业英语等。

3、学术英语一般是研究生以上学生在学习、研究过程中用到的英语。比专业英语更加专业。

三、对象不同

1、一般写作英语面向的对象非常广泛，所有人都可以学英语，对英语掌握程度也没有要求。比如中小学生、商场销售等等。

3、学术英语面向的是偏学术性的人群，比如大学生、教授、专家。多是与科学，工程，技术方面相关的英语。

(5)研究生期末学术英语写作扩展阅读：

英语（English）作为世界通用语言，是联合国的工作语言之一，也是事实上的国际交流语言。

英语属于印欧语系中日耳曼语族下的西日耳曼语支，由古代从欧洲英语大陆移民大不列颠岛的盎格鲁、撒克逊和朱特部落的日耳曼人所说的语言演变而来，并通过英国的殖民活动传播到世界各地。

由于在历史上曾和多种民族语言接触，它的词汇从一元变为多元。语法从“多曲折”变为“少曲折”，语音也发生了规律性的变化。根据以英语作为母语的人数计算，英语是世界上最广泛的语言。

但它可能是世界上第二大或第四大语言（1999年统计为380,000,000人使用英语），世界上60%以上的信件是用英语书写的，50%以上的报纸杂志是英语的。

英语也是与计算机联系最密切的语言，大多数编程语言都与英语有联系，而且随着互联网的使用，使英文的使用更普及。

与英语最接近的无疑是弗里西语，这种语言现在仍然在荷兰北部弗里斯兰省中使用，大约有50万个使用者。一些人认为低地苏格兰语是与英语接近的一个独立语言，而一些人则认为它是英语的一个方言。

苏格兰语、荷兰东部和德国北部的低地撒克逊语与英语也很接近。其他相关的语言包括荷兰语、南非荷兰语和德语。诺曼人于11世纪征服英国，带来大量法语词汇，很大程度地丰富了英语词汇。

6. 英语作文题目为我的学术研究计划

《我的新学计划》的英语内作容文

After a happy summer holiday,another new term comes again.So I should have a study plan to improve myself.First,I will finish my homework more carefully than before and pay more attention to the knowledge which I do not understand.Secondly,I will do lots of reading to widen myself,and try to combine theory to practice.Finally,I will learn to be more positive and helpful.THat's what I plan to do in the new term.

7. 国外essay补习 学术英语写作注意要点

1、避免使用反问句、设问句。
例如： What’s the objective of the information? Is it to makepeople more confused and astray? I partly agree with theauthor’s contention that the enormous and otiose information sometimes render people lose their way and fail to consider question penetratingly and originally.
在作文的开头就扔出两个问题，然后接下来的陈述却与问题基本毫无干系。作为读者，首先要考虑那两个问题的答案到底是什么，然后才能往下读。这些在中文里可能会被评作“引人入胜”的好词好句，在英语的论文写作里面，可以说是最大的败笔之一。如果同学一定要问问题的话，那就改成陈述句式，例如：Whether this issue is right or wrong? 可以改成：It has been a controversial issue that.....
2、避免集中使用“Be”动词。
避免集中使用"Be"动词，包括is, are, has been, have been, etc.
例如：What is the purpose of ecation? Some people may say that the purpose of ecation should be to create a totally academic environment that separates from the outside world, for,they think, this situation allows students to focus on their academic research work without beingdisturbed by practical concerns. In fact, this suggestion is harmful to the scientific research work. 这是某一篇文章的开头。作者除了要注意不要使用疑问句以外，还有很重要的一点：总共两三句话，出现4个"Be"动词。这种写法，在英语里面被称作"non-act"的动词。"Be" 仅仅表示一种状态，例如："i am here", "you are there". 对于母语者来说，"Be"动词其实就是写在纸上，而没有任何感情色彩。所以应该尽量避免成篇累牍地使用。留学生们的例子可以改为： Some people argue that the purpose of ecation lies in its strength in creating a totally academic environment separated from the outside world. They think this situation allows students to focuson academic research by excluding outside disturbance from practical concerns. However, this suggestion in fact does harm to the scientific research work. 留学生们可以看到，使用了lie in, exclude, do harm to以后，句子更有色彩了。
3、避免重复使用单词或者词组。
尽量避免重复使用单词或者词组。特别是近距离集中在某一两句话里使用。
例如：The author argues that to understand one’s own culture, one must know about at leastone another culture which is distinctly different from one’s own culture. While as I am concerned, Ican’t agree with the author’s assertion. 这一个开头，总共两行字，却连续出现了4个One，3个culture。如果同学把这段话大声朗读一下，就会觉得别扭、好笑了。连续使用相同的单词或者词组(包括短句)，体现的是作者词汇量匮乏，写作风格较差，遣词造句能力不强。给读者的感觉就是昏昏欲睡。 很容易的留学生们就可以改正：The author argues that the knowledge of another distinctly differentculture helps us to truly understand our own. However, I disagree with this assertion. 这句话把原来的三句分句合成了并无冗长感觉的一句。精简的同时，也恰当地避免了重复多次使用culture，one的问题。用了"this assertion"，也避免了在近距离使用两个"author"。
4、避免使用从句套从句的超长句子。 学术性的文章，应当避免追求华丽词藻和句型。作为非母语者，留学生们在语感上面已经处于劣势。为了避免缺乏语感而造成的很多语法上面、句子结构上面的小失误，留学生们更应该尽量避免使用长句。看了很多作者的文章，长句造成的后果通常有：单复数混淆，it、that指代不清，从句两头时态不符，连接介词错误，等等。 例如：Things happened in the past, known as history, is great treasure for us huan beings,through and only through studying the past can we gain valuable experience which serves as ameans of guiding our development of the society. 例子中作者用了3处逗号，而事实上面，从句间关系并非密不可分。留学生们可以很轻松的分成三句话，作者写得安心，读者读得舒心，做到真正的言必达意。 History consists of the things happened in the past and it is a great treasure to human beings.Through and only through studying the past thoroughly can we gain valuable experience fromhistory. The historical experience serves as a means of guidance for the new development in thesociety.
5、避免陈词滥调等废话。
例如：For getting a satisfying score, students have to prepare for and review their textsfrequently, remember all the knowledge they have learned deep in mind, enlarge their learning if itis possible and so on, especially when examinations are coming. All these efforts, no matter whattheir aims are, will surely lead to a corresponding paying back. 段中的这一句"no matter what their aims are"，在整个上下文表达上面没有任何实质性的意义，完完全全是句废话。

8. 学习研究生英语写作，看什么书好。

6级都过了啊。。
谈谈如何提高英语写作能力

关键词：英语写作能力 原则 方法
引言：英语写作能力是英语听、说、读、写四种基本能力之一，英语写作能有效地促进语言知识的内化。Swain（1985）提出“可理解输出”假设，认为包括写在内的语言产生性运用有助于学习者检验目的语句法结构和词语的使用，促进语言运用的自动化，有效地达到了语言习得的目的。通过写作，英语知识不断得到巩固并内在化，有利于英语技能的全面发展。但是，英语写作又是广大英语学习者最感头痛的问题之一，且容易被教师忽视，笔者以为如何提高英语写作能力值得我们认真研究。本文就此谈谈初浅的看法。
一、提高英语写作能力的原则
（一）渐进性原则。要坚持“句—段—篇”的训练程序，由易到难，循序渐进。在英语写作的初始阶段，要始终注意培养学生良好的写作习惯，狠抓基本功训练。在学生掌握了基本句型并能写出简单句子后，再要求学生根据一些体例写出小段的文章。在段落写作中要引导学生分析段落的结构、段落的中心句、句与句之间的逻辑关系、写作手法等，这样有利于下一步一篇文章的写作。在文章写作中要教会学生如何构思文章、如何运用正确的写作技巧等。
（二）多样性原则。要坚持训练形式的多样化及写作文体的多样性。从形式上而言，可以用回答提问的口头作文，也可以用续写故事；可以改写课文，也可以仿写课文；可以写提纲训练谋篇布局，也可以写拓展段训练发散思维……。从文体上而言，可以写说明文、议论文、记叙文，也可以写书信、便条、通知等实用文体。
(三)结合性原则。要坚持听说读训练和写训练相结合。根据语言习得理论，学习者在学习时常先通过听和读吸取语言知识，从而了解别人的思想，再通过说和写来表达自己的思想，让别人了解自己。大量的听说训练能促进读写能力的提高。因此，写与听说读紧密结合，进行多元化的能力训练，可使学生的各项能力互相影响、互相渗透、互相促进。
（四）控制性原则。要坚持写作前的指导，控制学生的汉语语言思维，发展英语语言思维。语言学习在很大程度上主要是模仿，而非随心所欲地自由表达。教师要加强写作前的指导，可给出范文让学生模仿，以熟悉其语篇结构。同时要控制其汉语语言思维，尽可能让学生习惯英语语言思维，以便于学生学习和掌握地道、正确的英语。
（五）持久性原则。要坚持长期、正确的写作训练。英语写作能力的提高并非一朝一夕之事，而是一个长期的、艰巨的、渐进的过程。这就要求教师、学生都要有充分的思想准备，要有坚韧不拔的意志和必胜的信心。
二、提高英语写作能力的方法。
（一）通过积累词汇量，提高英语写作能力。犹如土木砖石是建筑的材料一样，词汇是说话写作的必需材料，也是制约写作能力提高的瓶颈。可以想象，如果要写一个句子，10个单词有8个单词拼写错误或拼写不出，有2
个单词用法不当，又怎么能清楚地表达自己的思想呢？因此，在平时的教学中要强调学生记忆单词，记住单词的拼读、用法、意思等。记忆单词的方法有很多，各人有各人的记忆方法和习惯，可因人而异。教师可通过要求学生朗读单词、听写单词、默写单词、遣词造句、词汇竞赛等多种方法促进学生记单词。记忆单词是一个长期的反复的过程，要长期地坚持下去，才能不断积累大量的词汇，为英语写作打下坚实的基础。
（二）通过扩大阅读量，提高英语写作能力。古人云“熟读唐诗三百首，不会作诗也会吟”，这是汉语的一种学习方法，同样可借鉴于英语写作。多阅读是学生增加接触英语语言材料、接受信息、活跃思维、增长智力的一种途径，同时也是培养学生英语思维能力、提高理解力、增强语感、巩固和扩大词汇量的一种好方法，有利于促进英语写作能力的提高。在阅读训练中，教师要注意以下问题：一是指导阅读方法，分析文章结构、中心思想、段落中心句、写作方法等，帮助学生掌握各类文章的结构及写作方法。二要精读与泛读相结合，通过推敲优秀的文章来学会写作方法和选词用词；通过大量的泛读来吸取信息量，扩大词汇量。三要扩大阅读量。提供阅读的材料涉及面要广，才能不断扩大学生的知识面，使学生适应各种题材的写作。
（三）通过提高听说能力，提高英语写作能力。英语听说读写四种能力是相互影响、相互促进的，提高听说能力必定会促进写作能力的提高。要提高听说能力关键在于创设一个良好的英语环境。教师要尽可能地用英语授课，多开展专门的听说训练，同时开展丰富多彩的课外英语活动，让学生沉浸在英语海洋中去领略、去体会、去使用英语，久而久之，学生自然能使用正确的、地道的英语进行交谈与写作。
（四）通过重视写作过程，提高英语写作能力。长期以来，英语写作成果教学法（THE PRODUCT
APPROACH）在我国居于主导地位，教师根据写作的终成品来判断写作的成败，重视写作的技术性细节（如格式、拼写、语法等），忽视写作过程的指导。根据D.Rumechart和J.McClelland提出的连通论（Connectionism)理论，写作包括写前阶段、具体写作、文章修改三个基本过程，这三个过程并非是线性排列，而是循环往复，穿插进行的。教师只有重视加强对写作三个过程的指导，才能更好地提高英语写作能力。在写作前阶段，教师重在指导学生如何挖掘题材，训练发散性思维，以及如何选择材料、谋篇布局等。在具体写作中，教师重在指导学生如何紧扣主题、运用正确的写作方法等。在文章修改中，教师重在指导学生如何修改语法及用词的错误。
（五）通过多写英语摘要，提高英语写作能力。英语摘要是把一篇文章的要点摘录出来，用自己的语言使之独立成一篇短文，这不是简单的摘录，而是忠于原文意思的再创作。写英语摘要有利于学生了解原文的文化背景、理解原文的中心意思、弄清原文的篇章结构，从而提高学生的逻辑思维能力和谋篇布局能力。
（六）通过发展英语语言思维能力，提高英语写作能力。英语写作是运用已掌握的内在化语言知识和表达方法，通过思维进行外在化输出的创作，因此英语语言思维能力在英语写作中作用非凡。对于我国学生而言，在英语写作中易受汉语语言思维的影响，难以直接用英语语言进行思维，不利于英语写作能力的提高，因此发展其英语语言思维能力尤为重要。教师要注意对学生的英语语言思维进行多方位、多角度的训练：要采取各种方法训练学生英语语言思维的广阔性、深刻性、发散性和创造性；要教会学生用英语思考问题、回答问题；要从训练形象思维开始，逐步过渡到抽象思维训练；在课文讲解中要尽可能不用汉语翻译而用英语解释，消除汉语思维的影响；要努力创设良好的英语环境，在英语交际中发展英语思维能力。

写好英语段落的三个标准

首先，一个段落必须有一个中心即主题思想，该中心由主题句特别是其中的题旨来表达。整个段落必须紧扣这个主题（stick or hold to the topic），这就是段落的统一性（unity）。其次，一个段落必须有若干推展句，使主题思想得到充分展开，从而给读者一个完整的感觉，这就是完整性（completeness or adequateness）。再者，一个段落不是杂乱无章的，而是有机的组合，句子的排列顺序必须合乎逻辑，从一个句子到另一个句子的过渡必须流畅（smooth），这就是连贯性（coherence）。下面我们就对这三个标准分别加以说明。
1、统一性
一个段落内的各个句子必须从属于一个中心，任何游离于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。请看下例：
Joe and I decided to take the long trip we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise， we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much， and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico.
本段的主题句是段首句，controlling idea（中心思想）是take the long trip across the country.文中出现两个irrelevant sentences，一个是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie，这一段是讲的是Joe and I ，中间出现一个Bella是不合适的。还有，Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner这一句更是与主题句不相关。考生在四级统考的作文卷上常常因为造出irrelevant sentences（不相关语句）而丢分，值得引起注意。再看一个例子：
My name is Roseanna， and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds， but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Everyday I practice jogging three miles， swimming fifteen laps， lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby.
本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit，但段中有两个irrelevant sentences，一个是I bought two new suitcases last week，另一个是My mother was a premature baby.
从上面两个例子可以看出，native speakers同样会造出来irrelevant sentences.卷面上如果这种句子多了，造成偏题或离题，那问题就更严重了。
2、完整性
正象我们前面说得那样，一个段落的主题思想靠推展句来实现，如果只有主题句而没有推展句来进一步交待和充实，就不能构成一个完整的段落。同样，虽然有推展句，但主题思想没有得到相对圆满的交待，给读者一种意犹未尽的感觉。这样的段落也不能完成其交际功能。例如：
Physical work can be a useful form of therapy for a mind in turmoil. Work concentrates your thoughts on a concrete task. Besides， it is more useful to work —— you proce something rather than more anxiety or depression.

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10. 写一篇英语作文，题目是我的研究生规划。

y graate life planning Einstein said: "love is the best teacher." As has been the professional very interested, whichgave me a great driving force, in order to meet the strong desire for knowledge and better study, I chose to read a graate student. In the graate student stage I will work hard, study of heart, to read more literature, to lay the foundation for a phd. "The ideal is the beacon, without ideal,there is no secure direction, without direction, there is no life."Three - year graate study time has a great influence on thedevelopment of human life. " for this reason I made apreliminary plan, what are the shortcomings, hope the teacherto give advice.
The profound understanding to graate students anniversity is different, both in life and learning will be of greatchanges and discomfort. In order to better and faster to adapt to life as a graate student, devoted to scientific research andstudy, I will as soon as possible to adjust, arrange their ownlearning and living habits. By accepting the knowledge tocreate new knowledge, is being a graate student the biggest characteristic. The times of college students is to try to create their own to accept anything but at the masters and doctoral students are no longer for a variety of novel class accept according to the order, but to pay attention to the problems oforientation arrangement, focus all your energy, all courses andread the book should be a concern, must there is a problem oriented learning, and have their own point of view. As soon as possible from the passive recipients into an active explorer,and learn to swim in the academic field. The graate three years life quickly, the key is my life. More important to improve our ability (1) to improve the capability of programming,application software 2 learning ability to analyze and solve problems with 3 people, skills, contacts circle the first semester: understand the subject, course of study first, postgraatecourses study earnestly, must each door to achieve excellent,and timely review more doctrine thinking training; by searching the literature, written literature review and reading reports, in order to further improve the inction, analysis, comprehensive ability, to understand the development of dynamic task and actively to the teachers and students to ask, have a preliminary idea on the study of their future, with a faster access to scientific research activities; at the same time, efforts to improve the foreign language, the computer knowledge, with period with the social requirements of compound talentsconsistent. Second semester: access to research, to determine the appropriate topic, familiar with the experiment, learningcourses have a profound understanding of the research topic,and then determine the research topic. Some preliminary experiments, a preliminary understanding about theexperiment, from the whole of his experimental difficulties have experience. Then is formulated in accordance with thecomprehensive plan to start research. Third semester: began to study thoroughly familiar with in the research stage,personally think that we must develop a good habit, every dayto summarizes the experimental condition, and preliminaryanalysis; design and processing experiment is correct, if you want to use a short time to do experiments or more experiments to do a good job, we must use the method of experiment designokay, so before the experiment design of multiple options,select the best. A preliminary to write a paper, write the paperas a goal, continue to improve, continue to progress,constantly improve. Fourth semester: the beginning ofpublished papers, the main experiment preliminary began towrite a paper, write the paper as a goal, continue to improve,continue to progress, constantly improve; supplementary documents in time, the world is changing every day, to continue to add new document, difference of the experiment is likely andimagine himself great, therefore we need to refer to some literature to study, sometimes to make great changes to his plan! Pay attention to the exchange of ideas, usually more and students, teachers, teacher exchanges, learn from each have the advantage of people. Fifth semester: the final experimentsupplement, published research papers by the two semester ofin-depth study and exploration of the subject, has been very familiar with understanding, then a comprehensive inspection,on the experimental analysis, and further improve, targetedresearch; know well to the research field of books, the formation of the tree of the knowledge of their own;interdisciplinary learning, learn to other areas of uptake ofsome concepts, proce a different kind of inspiration for itselfconcerns, expand their knowledge, their thinking is more active,write papers more sensation; the sixth semester: write a thesis defense began to write research papers, one must first understand the format according to the test requirements, draw up an outline, and then step by step
To draft, note paper creatively, stay time, delicate thoughts!
Thesis writing and knowledge deposition process, the respondent and the explanation of knowledge, declarative,