『壹』 英文论文写作中的平行结构是什么
在重复表达相同意思的时候，句子形式需要变化，这样不会显得单调。
When repeating a statement to emphasize it, the writer may need to vary its form. Otherwise, the writer should follow the principle of parallel construction.
如果几个句子成分在内容和功能上相似，让它们具有相似的表达形式可以达到更好的阅读效果。这就是英文中的平行结构（parallel construction）。
This principle, that of parallel construction, requires that expressions similar in content and function be outwardly similar.
例1：Formerly, science was taught by the textbook method, while now the laboratory method is employed.
分析：前半句和后半句在意思上是对应的，可是前面是science作主语，后面又是the laboratory method作主语；后半句的主语对应的是前半句的宾语。对比的效果不太好。这里考虑使用parallel construction，让它们有相似的结构，来加强这种对比的效果，如下：
建议修改为：Formerly, science was taught by the textbook method; now it is taught by the laboratory method.
这样是不是感觉表达简明有力了；前后部分句型相似，而且不需要任何连词，一个分号就搞定了。
分号在英文论文写作中非常管用，如果我们觉得两个句子意思相关，但由于前面已经用了and之类的连词而不想再用这些连词了，可以考虑使用分号。
一组单词中的每一个单词都和某一个冠词或介词搭配时，这个冠词或介词要么只出现在第一个单词前，要么出现在每个单词前。
说起来太拗口，直接看例句吧：
例2：The treatment group, the model group, and control group had ….
分析：像上面这样就不行了，一会儿有the一会儿没the的，要改成下面这样：
建议修改为：The treatment group, the model group, and the control group had ….
或者The treatment group, model group, and control group had … (第一个the把后面全管了)
例3：in spring, summer, or in winter
分析：上面这样也不行，一会儿有in一会儿没in的，要改成下面这样：
建议修改为：in spring, summer, or winter 或者in spring, in summer, or in winter)
有些词常和介词搭配，如果多个这样的词并列使用时，每一个词所对应的介词都不能省，除非这几个词对应的介词一样。
直接看例句吧：
例4：His speech was marked by disagreement and scorn for his opponent's position.
分析：disagreement和with搭配，所以这里不能把with省略了，要改成下面这样：
建议修改为：His speech was marked by disagreement with and scorn for his opponent's position.
留学生英文论文代写
“both, and”、“not, but”、“not only, but also”、“either, or”、“first, second, third”等常用搭配要接相同的结构，举例如下：
例5：It was both a long ceremony and very tedious.
分析：both后是名词，而and后是形容词，词性要相同
建议修改为：The ceremony was both long and tedious.
例6：A time not for words but action.
分析：but后加上for才对称
建议修改为：A time not for words but for action.
例7：Either you must grant his request or incur his ill will.
分析：把either放到must后，句子结构更清晰
建议修改为：You must either grant his request or incur his ill will.
例8：My objections are, first, the injustice of the measure; second, that it is unconstitutional.
分析：first后是名词，而second后是句子，不对称
建议修改为：My objections are, first, that the measure is unjust; second, that it is unconstitutional.
『贰』 关于英语平行结构
分词跟形抄容词有很大交叉。例如 disapointted ,interesting,这些词通常都是形容词义，但一开始是由分词衍生来的，因为比较常用，所以得到了形容词的新词性。语言演化大都如此。
但是还有很多形容词跟分词是完全不同的，比如safe，这个词还有动词的词性。
英语中一词多词性的情况很多，所以最多只能说形容词与分词有一定程度的交叉，而不能说是完全平行。这种交叉在各个词性间都有，所以其实不太需要太过重视。
以上，皆是答者一家之言，题主可参考
『叁』 英语中的平行结构
、连词连接两个对等的词和对等的结构
并列连词and， but， as well as， or， or else， both … and， neither … nor， either … or， not only … but （also）， rather than等以及从属连词than可连接两个对等的词和对等的结构。
1.所连接的谓语形式必须一致
例1：He went downtown， bought some books and visited his daughter.
例2：Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century， but not used in warfare until two hundred years later.
2.所连接的词或短语形式必须一致
例1：Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test， but also on how you participate in class.
例2：We often go to the countryside as well as to factories.
例3：I would much rather go to the countryside than stay here.
3.连接的非谓语动词的形式必须一致
例1：Some find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.
例2：He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.
4.所连接的句子结构必须一致
例1：She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told him.
例2：The purpose of the research had a more different meaning for them than it did for us.
二、某些特定的固定结构。
（1）有些词后要用平行结构。
例如：
prefer sth to sth
prefer doing sth to doing sth
prefer to do sth rather than do sth
1） I prefer rice to noodles.
2）I prefer watching TV to listening to music.
3） He preferred to die rather than surrender.
（2）有些结构中要用平行结构。
例如：
would / had rather / sooner do something than do something， would / had as soon do something as do something （宁可……也不……）
1） Liu Hulan said she had rather die than give up.
2） I would as soon stay at home as go.
部分强调句
要强调句子的某一部分，可以把句子的结构改变一下，通常有两种表示强调的句式：It is / was … that …结构和What … is / was…结构。
一、It is / was … that … 结构
1.It is / was … that … 结构可以用来强调句子中几乎任何部分
例1：It was my mother that threw an egg at Mr. Li yesterday.
例2：It was Mr. Li that my mother threw an egg at yesterday.
2.被强调的部分指人时，可用who或whom
强调主语时，如果指的是人，可以不用that而用who来代替。强调宾语时，如果指点的是人，可用whom.例如：
1）It was the dean who walked by.
2）It was Mary whom the old lady missed most.
3被强调部分指物时，要用that
例如：It was an egg that my mother threw at Mr. Li yesterday.
4.被强调部分是状语时，也只能用that，不能用when或where.
例1：It is ring his spare time that John has been studying a course in French.
例2：It was in the hall that the mayor held the press conference.
5.不能用It is / was … that 结构强调动词
强调动词常用do，过去式用did.例如：
1） They did study very hard yesterday.
2） He does look forward to making the acquaintance of her.
What … is / was … 结构
二、What … is / was … 结构常用来强调主语或宾语，在这种结构中，is/ was后面是强调的部分。
例如：
1）What hurts is my left leg.
2）What I like is her style.
『肆』 在英语作文中什么叫做“平行结构”，怎样运用
就是没有时间先后，因果逻辑关联先后，处于并联关系且句式结构一致的非谓语结构就是了
『伍』 英语平行结构
英语中的平行结构
所谓平行结构就指的是内容相似，结构相同，无先后顺序，无因果关系的并列句。从总体上来说，平行结构可以分为以下的几种类型： 一、连词连接两个对等的词和对等的结构 并列连词and, but, as well as, or, or else, both … and, neither … nor, either … or, not only … but (also), rather than,as…as等以及从属连词than可连接两个对等的词和对等的结构。 1.所连接的谓语形式必须一致 例1：He went downtown, bought some books and visited his daughter. 例2：Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but not used in warfare until two hundred years later. 2.所连接的词或短语形式必须一致 例1：Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also on how you participate in class. 例2：We often go to the countryside as well as to factories. 例3：I would much rather go to the countryside than stay here. 3.连接的非谓语动词的形式必须一致 例1：Some find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading. 例2：He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper. 4.所连接的句子结构必须一致 例1：She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told him. 例2：The purpose of the research had a more different meaning for them than it did for us. 二、某些特定的固定结构。例如： (1)有些词后要用平行结构。例如： prefer sth to sth prefer doing sth to doing sth prefer to do sth rather than do sth 1) I prefer rice to noodles. 2)I prefer watching TV to listening to music. 3) He preferred to die rather than surrender. (2)有些结构中要用平行结构。例如： would / had rather / sooner do something than do something, would / had as soon do something as do something (宁可……也不……) 1) Liu Hulan said she had rather die than give up. 2) I would as soon stay at home as go. III 部分强调句 要强调句子的某一部分，可以把句子的结构改变一下，通常有两种表示强调的句式：It is / was … that …结构和What … is / was…结构。 一、It is / was … that … 结构 1.It is / was … that … 结构可以用来强调句子中几乎任何部分 例1：It was my mother that threw an egg at Mr. Li yesterday. 例2：It was Mr. Li that my mother threw an egg at yesterday. 2.被强调的部分指人时，可用who 或whom 强调主语时，如果指的是人， 可以不用that而用who来代替。强调宾语时，如果指点的是人，可用whom。例如： 1）It was the dean who walked by. 2）It was Mary whom the old lady missed most. 3被强调部分指物时，要用that 例如：It was an egg that my mother threw at Mr. Li yesterday. 4.被强调部分是状语时，也只能用that，不能用when或where. 例1：It is ring his spare time that John has been studying a course in French. 例2：It was in the hall that the mayor held the press conference. 5.不能用It is / was … that 结构强调动词 强调动词常用do,过去式用did。例如： 1) They did study very hard yesterday. 2) He does look forward to making the acquaintance of her. What … is / was … 结构 二、What … is / was … 结构常用来强调主语或宾语，在这种结构中，is/ was后面是强调的部分。例如： 1）What hurts is my left leg. 2）What I like is her style.
『陆』 运用英语中平行结构的知识帮我解答一下，谢谢
1.neither... nor... 其实是neither long nor expensive，当然，你也可以说是neither a long one nor an expensive one，但是比较长而罗嗦，所以通常会用前者来表达。
2. either... or...其实是you must either stay home or go with us.
3. and,三个名词的并列啊，所以应该是the course consists of several lectures, three reports,and two important oral presentations
刚刚的三个提示是平行的词我已经帮你挑了出来，所谓平行，也就是它们连接的词或者词组，肯定是相同性质的。
『柒』 英语的平行结构是什么
平行结构
一、连词连接两个对等的词和对等的结构
并列连词and, but, as well as, or, or else, both … and, neither … nor, either … or, not only … but (also),
rather than等以及从属连词than可连接两个对等的词和对等的结构。
1.所连接的谓语形式必须一致
例1：He went downtown, bought some books and visited his daughter.
例2：Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but not used in warfare until two hundred years later.
2.所连接的词或短语形式必须一致
例1：Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also on how you participate in
class.
例2：We often go to the countryside as well as to factories.
例3：I would much rather go to the countryside than stay here.
3.连接的非谓语动词的形式必须一致
例1：Some find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.
例2：He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.
4.所连接的句子结构必须一致
例1：She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told him.
例2：The purpose of the research had a more different meaning for them than it did for us.
二、某些特定的固定结构。例如：
(1)有些词后要用平行结构。例如：
prefer sth to sth
prefer doing sth to doing sth
prefer to do sth rather than do sth
1) I prefer rice to noodles.
2)I prefer watching TV to listening to music.
3) He preferred to die rather than surrender.
(2)有些结构中要用平行结构。例如：
would / had rather / sooner do something than do something, would / had as soon do something as do something
(宁可……也不……)
1) Liu Hulan said she had rather die than give up.
2) I would as soon stay at home as go.
III 部分强调句
要强调句子的某一部分，可以把句子的结构改变一下，通常有两种表示强调的句式：It is / was … that …结构和What … is
/ was…结构。
一、It is / was … that … 结构
1.It is / was … that … 结构可以用来强调句子中几乎任何部分
例1：It was my mother that threw an egg at Mr. Li yesterday.
例2：It was Mr. Li that my mother threw an egg at yesterday.
2.被强调的部分指人时，可用who枵whom
强调主语时，如果指的是人， 可以不用that而用who来代替。强调宾语时，如果指点的是人，可用whom。例如：
1）It was the dean who walked by.
2）It was Mary whom the old lady missed most.
3被强调部分指物时，要用that
例如：It was an egg that my mother threw at Mr. Li yesterday.
4.被强调部分是状语时，也只能用that，不能用when或where.
例1：It is ring his spare time that John has been studying a course in French.
例2：It was in the hall that the mayor held the press conference.
5.不能用It is / was … that 结构强调动词
强调动词常用do,过去式用did。例如：
1) They did study very hard yesterday.
2) He does look forward to making the acquaintance of her.
What … is / was … 结构
二、What … is / was … 结构常用来强调主语或宾语，在这种结构中，is/ was后面是强调的部分。例如：
1）What hurts is my left leg.
2）What I like is her style.
『捌』 什么是英语中的平行结构
一、连词连接两个对等的词和对等的结构
并列连词and, but, as well as, or, or else, both … and, neither … nor, either … or, not only … but (also),
rather than等以及从属连词than可连接两个对等的词和对等的结构。
1.所连接的谓语形式必须一致
例1：He went downtown, bought some books and visited his daughter.
例2：Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but not used in warfare until two hundred years later.
2.所连接的词或短语形式必须一致
例1：Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also on how you participate in
class.
例2：We often go to the countryside as well as to factories.
例3：I would much rather go to the countryside than stay here.
3.连接的非谓语动词的形式必须一致
例1：Some find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.
例2：He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.
4.所连接的句子结构必须一致
例1：She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told him.
例2：The purpose of the research had a more different meaning for them than it did for us.
二、某些特定的固定结构。例如：
(1)有些词后要用平行结构。例如：
prefer sth to sth
prefer doing sth to doing sth
prefer to do sth rather than do sth
1) I prefer rice to noodles.
2)I prefer watching TV to listening to music.
3) He preferred to die rather than surrender.
(2)有些结构中要用平行结构。例如：
would / had rather / sooner do something than do something, would / had as soon do something as do something
(宁可……也不……)
1) Liu Hulan said she had rather die than give up.
2) I would as soon stay at home as go.
III 部分强调句
要强调句子的某一部分，可以把句子的结构改变一下，通常有两种表示强调的句式：It is / was … that …结构和What … is
/ was…结构。
一、It is / was … that … 结构
1.It is / was … that … 结构可以用来强调句子中几乎任何部分
例1：It was my mother that threw an egg at Mr. Li yesterday.
例2：It was Mr. Li that my mother threw an egg at yesterday.
2.被强调的部分指人时，可用who枵whom
强调主语时，如果指的是人， 可以不用that而用who来代替。强调宾语时，如果指点的是人，可用whom。例如：
1）It was the dean who walked by.
2）It was Mary whom the old lady missed most.
3被强调部分指物时，要用that
例如：It was an egg that my mother threw at Mr. Li yesterday.
4.被强调部分是状语时，也只能用that，不能用when或where.
例1：It is ring his spare time that John has been studying a course in French.
例2：It was in the hall that the mayor held the press conference.
5.不能用It is / was … that 结构强调动词
强调动词常用do,过去式用did。例如：
1) They did study very hard yesterday.
2) He does look forward to making the acquaintance of her.
What … is / was … 结构
二、What … is / was … 结构常用来强调主语或宾语，在这种结构中，is/ was后面是强调的部分。例如：
1）What hurts is my left leg.
2）What I like is her style.
『玖』 英语中平行结构的表现形式及作用
平行结构是一种常见的语言表达形式，是一种人们熟知的生动的语体。结构相同版或相似，意义权密切相关的句子或句子成分的排列方式称为平行结构。英语文体中常见的句法结构修辞方式之一。采用这种修辞方式，句子结构紧凑，协调对称，意义鲜明，逻辑性强。巧妙的平行结构是件艺术品。它表达出来的绝不只是一些思想内容、故事情节，还包括了丰富的情感、意境、韵味和风格，具有丰富的艺术魅力，给人们以美的感受。
『拾』 英语句子中的平行结构，谁能给我详细的内容
英语平行现象是指表达平行概念时，要使用相同的语法结构，即动词与动词相配，其时态及其形式应一致，形容词与形容词相配(要注意只有程度相当的形容词才能配合)，语句与语句并列使用。
例句， The employees were upset by the company's low pay, poor working conditions, and that they did not have enough outlets for their creativity.(错误)
你可以看到，这个句子前两部分是以noun phrase为中心-- low pay, poor working conditions
然后最后一个部分却用了从句 and that they didi not have enough outlets for their creativity.
这就类似于在汉语中使用排比句，在句子结构中，第三个部分的结构与前两个部分的结构不同。
平行现象要求前后紧密相连 在英语中关于平行结构定义中写着：comparable sentence parts must be structurally and logically similar. 句子中的各部分必须在结构和逻辑上类似。 所以句子最后应该把从句也改为名字结构。The employees were upset by the company's low pay, poor working conditions, and shortage of outlets for employee's creativity.
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