主述位与大学英语写作

1. 语言学中的主位和述位是什么意思

一句话中，主位就是前面的部分，述位就是后面的部分，通常主位是已知的述位是未知的

2. 怎么写大学英语作文的万能结尾

1． 问题现状2． 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)

In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明的现状)．Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)

Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三).

Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).

02：大学英语四级作文模板：对比选择型作文模板

When it comes to＿＿＿＿ ,different people hold different views .

Some contend that＿＿＿＿. For one thing,＿＿＿＿ .Foranother,＿＿＿ . In spite of all these claims, others maintain that ＿＿＿＿，They point out that＿＿＿＿ .Another instance often cited is that＿＿＿＿ .

It’s no easy task to find a satisfactory answer to the issue.As for me, there’s some truth to both arguments .It’s advisable to ＿＿＿＿＿＿.

03：大学英语四级作文模板：说明利弊题型

这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）

1． 说明事物现状

2． 事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）

3． 你对现状（或前景）的看法

Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(A的优点之一). Besides -------------------（A的优点之二）.

But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二个缺点)．

Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法)．

(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测)．)

04：大学英语四级作文模板：现象解释型作文模板：

Recently, ＿＿＿＿What amazes us most is＿＿＿＿＿．It is true that ＿＿＿＿＿.There are many reasons explaining ＿＿＿＿＿＿．The main reason is＿＿＿＿＿ ，What is more, ＿＿＿＿＿，Thirdly, ＿＿＿＿＿．As a result, ＿＿＿＿＿．

Considering all these, ＿＿＿＿＿．For one thing, ＿＿＿＿For another, ＿＿＿＿．In conclusion, ＿＿＿＿．

05：大学英语四级作文模板：议论文的框架

(1) 不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.

People,however,.Somepeoplehold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, thereis nodoubtthat ___观点二______.

As far as I am concerned, Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat __观点一或二______.Itis not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.

（2）利弊型的议论文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.

Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.

To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and rece the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.

( 3 ) 答题性议论文

Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.

As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.

Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.

( 4 ) 谚语警句性议论文

It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )

A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.

With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..

06：大学英语四级作文模板：问题解决型作文模板：

With the ＿＿＿＿of＿＿＿＿，So it is of great importance for us to＿＿＿＿ . On the one hand＿＿＿＿, On the other hand＿＿＿＿,

However, we have figured out many ways to ＿＿＿＿＿．Firstly, ＿＿＿＿So long as＿＿＿＿ . Secondly＿＿＿＿, Thirdly＿＿＿＿．In fact＿＿＿＿, That is because ＿＿＿＿.

In a word,＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ．

07：大学英语四级作文模板：实用性写作(申请信)

I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.

Best regards for your health and success.

Sincerely yours,

08：大学英语四级作文模板：对比观点题型

（1） 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。

1． 有一些人认为怎么样

2． 另一些人认为怎么样

3． 个人看法

The topic of ①-----------------（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------（支持A的理由一）What is more, ③-------------理由二). Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).

While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥------------------（理由二）. Thirdly (finally),⑦------------------(理由三).

From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------（我的观点）. The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice . [NextPage]

（2） 给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点

Some people believe that ①----------------（观点一）. For example, they think ②-----------------（举例说明）．And it will bring them ③-----------------(为他们带来的好处).

In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,④-------------(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, ⑤-----------------(反对的理由之二)．

Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------(我对文章所讨论主题的看法)．

09：大学英语四级作文模板：现象说明文

Recently _______,what amazes us most is______________,it is ture that__________.

There are many reasons explaining__________________________.The main reason is____________________.

What is more_________________________.thirdly__________________________.As a result_______________.

Considering all there,________________________.For one thing_____________________,for another________

In Conclusion____________________.

一种事物或现象（负面意义倾向）

10：大学英语四级作文模板：阐述主题题型

要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述。

1． 阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义。

2． 分析并举例使其更充实。

The good old proverb ----------------（名言或谚语）reminds us that ----------------(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.

First of all,-----------------(理由一). For example, -------------------(举例说明). Secondly,----------------(理由二). Another case is that ---------------(举例说明). Furthermore , ------------------(理由三)．

In my opinion, ----------------(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it. From Joozone.com.

3. 什么是语言学中的主位和述位

在一个句子中，主位是前面的部分，述位是后面的部分，通常主位是已知的，述位是未知的。

词汇学研究词汇项、词义及其演变，词源学追溯词语的起源和历史，词典编纂收集和分类，比较和注释许多词汇项目。

有相当一部分人选择语言学专业作为进入高校以后的学习方向，而当前被社会所公认的事实是，90%以上的人认为师范类院校的语言学专业更具有发展潜力。

据北安高考网的调查显示，在2004年，教师职业已成为最受欢迎的职业之一：

一是工作的稳定性和自主性。

二是这些年教师的待遇节节拔高，出现喜人改观。2005年，师范类学生的需求量还是很大。

(3)主述位与大学英语写作扩展阅读：

作用：

语言是人类特有的沟通方式，在生物或心理层面上反映人类高度演化的心智能力，在社会文化层面上反映人类文明进步。语言学就是要研究人类最核心本能的语言能力，透过对口语、书面语甚至手语进行分析和研究，进而了解人类的本质。

除了认识人类语言本质外，语言学研究还具有多种应用价值。在语言教育方面，借由对于语言本身的了解，编成各种词典、文法书、教科书供人学习语言。

也有助于改善应对语言学习过程中遭遇到的困难与错误的能力。在不同语言翻译方面，语言学理论对于笔译和口译有更多具体的指导，也有助于利用科技来进行机器翻译。

4. 英语作文，关于在大学学习和运动谁更重要的论述作文

COLLEGE STUDENTS SHOULD ATTEND PHYSICAL EXERCISE
Physical exercise is a necessary part of college life. However, still some college students do not like to attend sports activities, they think those activities waste their time and influence their study. Indeed, it is very unwise for college students to keep distance from physical exercise because physical exercise is not harmful but good to them.
College students can benefit a lot from physical exercise. First of all, attending physical sports can help students build a strong body, and keep abounding energy. Moreover, physical exercise is an effective way to relief pressure and keep a pleasant move. Besides, by attending physical activities, students can have chances to contact and communicate with others which can help them improve their social skills. Nowadays, all colleges and universities have provided many sports facilities for students to do physical exercises, students can chose freely according to their interests and needs.
As for me, I am keen on all kinds of ball games, especially football and basketball. From these games, I have gained a lot, and enjoined great pleasure. To conclude, physical exercise is beneficial to every college students, and therefore do not hesitate to attend sports activities.
中文译文：
体育锻炼是大学生活必不可少的一部分。但是，仍有一些大学生不喜欢参加体育活动，他们认为这些活动浪费他们的时间和影响他们的学习。事实上，大学生和运动保持距离，这是非常不明智的，因为体育锻炼是不会对人体有害，反而有利。
学院的学生可以从体育锻炼受益很多。首先，参加体育运动可以帮助学生建立一个强壮的身体，远离疾病。此外，体育锻炼是一种有效的方法来缓解压力，保持愉快的动议。此外，通过参加体育活动，学生可以有机会接触和与他人沟通，可以帮助他们改善他们的社交技巧。目前，各高校已为学生提供来锻炼许多体育设施，学生可以自由选择按照自己的兴趣和需要。
至于我，我热衷于球类运动，尤其是足球和篮球等。这些游戏，我又学会很多，并责成一大乐事。总的来说，体育锻炼，有利于各高校学生，因此参加体育活动，不要犹豫。

5. 大学英语作文模板带翻译的

★★★阐述主题题型

要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述．
1． 阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义．
2． 分析并举例使其更充实．

The good old proverb ----------------（名言或谚语）reminds us that ----------------(释义). （……这则古老的谚语提醒我们……）Indeed, we can learn many things fromm it.（事实上，我们能从中学到很多东西）
First of all,-----------------(理由一).（首先……） For example, -------------------(举例说明).（例如……） Secondly,----------------(理由二). （第二……）Another case is that ---------------(举例说明).（另一个实例是……） Furthermore , ------------------(理由三)．（此外……）
In my opinion, ----------------(我的观点).（在我看来……） In short, whatever you do, please remember the saying------A.（总之，无论你做什么，请记住这句名言……） If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.（如果你能领悟它并把它应用到你的学习或工作中，你将必定受益匪浅）

★★★解决方法题型

要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径
1． 问题现状
2． 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. （在最近的日子里，我们必须面对……的问题，它越来越严重）First, ------------(说明A的现状)．（首先……）Second, ----------(举例进一步说明现状)（第二……）
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.（面对它，我们应该采取一系列的有效的措施来处理这种情况） For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). （一方面……）For another -------------(解决方法二).（另一方面……） Finally, --------------(解决方法三).（最后……）
Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). （就我而言， 我认为……）Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).（我相信一个光明的未来在等着我们因为……）
★★★说明利弊题型

这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）
1． 说明事物现状
2． 事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）
3． 你对现状（或前景）的看法

Nowadays many people prefer A because it plays a significant role in our daily life.（当今，有许多人更喜欢A因为它在我们的日常生活中扮演着重大的角色） Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.（一般来说，它的优点如下） First ----------------(A的优点之一). （首先……）Besides -------------------（A的优点之二）.（另外……）
But every coin has two sides. （但是任何事物都有两面性）The negative aspects are also apparent. （消极的方面也很明显）One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一个缺点)．（它最大的缺点之一是……）To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二个缺点)．（更糟糕的是……）
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones.（通过上述的分析，我认为积极的方面的价值超过了消极的方面） Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法)．（因此，我想……）
(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. （从A消极积极的影响的对比，我们应该合理的采纳它，根据我们所处的情况来做）Only in this way---------------(对前景的预测)．（半倒装句 助动词或情态动词提前 谓语动词还原）（只有通过这种方式……）

★★★议论文的框架

(1) 不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目.（……是一个普遍关注的问题）But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.（但众所周知关于这个热门话题观点因人而异） A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. （大多数人认为……）In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows（在他们看来，有如下两个因素形成了他们这种态度）: in the first place, ___原因一_______.（首先……）Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____.（除此之外，其次……） So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____. （所以……是毫无疑问的）
People,however,.（然而在这件事有人有不同意见）Somepeople hold the idea that_观二_____.（有人持……的观点） In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______.（在他们看来，一方面……） On the other hand, ____原因二_____. （另一方面……）Therefore, thereis nodoubtthat ___观点二______.（因此，……是毫无疑问的）
As far as I am concerned, Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat __观点一或二_.（就我而言，我坚定地支持……的观点）It is not only because ________, but also because _________.（不仅是因为……并且因为……） The more _______, the more ________. （……越……，……越……）
（2）利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. （当今，……是一个普遍的热门话题）In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. （事实上，这个……有优点也有缺点）Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.（一般来说，人们普遍认为有一下几个积极的方面） Firstly, ___优点一______. （首先……） And secondly ___优点二_____. （其次……）
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides",讨论议题is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.（就像那句谚语所说任何事物都有利有弊） To begin with,缺 点 一 . （首先……）
In addition, 缺 点 二 . （另外……）
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of 讨论议题into full play, and rece the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.（总之，我们应该把……的优点发挥到极致，同时把缺点降低到最小） In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.（那样的话，我们一定会更好地利用……）

( 3 ) 答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)作文题目_______ .（目前……是普遍关注的问题)It is really an important concern to every one of us. （这对于我们每一个人确实是重要的关注）As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.（因此，我们必须不遗余力的采取措施解决这个问题）
As we know ，there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. （众所周知，有许多方法可以被用来解决这个问题）First of all, __途径一______. （首先……）In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.（另外，另一种能促使成功解决问题的方法是……）
Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways.（最重要的是，为解决……问题，我们应该找到很多方法） But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.（就我而言，我更喜欢以……的方法来解决这个问题）

( 4 ) 谚语警句性议论文
It is well-known to us that the proverb: " ___谚语 has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. （众所周知，……这句谚语具有深刻的意义和价值不仅在我们的工作上也在我们的学习上）It means ____谚语的含义______. （它代表……）The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )（这句名言可以通过以下一系列的例子阐明）（在理论上）
A case in point is ___例子一______.（一个例子是……） Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.（因此毫无疑问的它是非常重要证明了……谚语）
With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____.（随着中国科学技术的高速发展，越来越多的意识到在实际应用中要坚持这挑名言……） The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..
（我们越是意识这条谚语的重要，我们会在日常学习工作中收益更多）
★★★图表作文的框架

as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage inthetable(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ gone up/increased/dropped/decreased),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____.（正如图表/曲线图/图片/饼状图/图表中的数字/百分数所示,……有所上升/增加/减少，明显的/稳步上升/减少从……的……到……的……） From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.（从图标的急剧/显著 下降/上升，……是毫无疑问的）
Thereareatleasttwogoodreasons accounting for ______.（至少有两个好的理由可以说明……） Ontheonehand, ________. （一方面……）Ontheotherhand,_______ isetothefactthat ________.（另一方面……因为……的事实）Inaddition, ________ isresponsiblefor _______.（另外，……对……负责） ________.（可能有其他一些理由可以显示……） convincing. （但是人们普遍认为上述的理由通常使人信服）
AsfarasIamconcerned,I hold the point of view that _______. （就我而言，我持这样的观点……）-grounded.（我确定我的观点合理并且有根据）

6. 英语中主位与述位对翻译和写作有什么影响

主位和述位系统是功能语法中语篇功能的重要组成部分。
主位是信息的起点,是小句的开始点；述位是除主位以外的剩余部分,即围绕主位加以叙述发展的部分。

7. 请高手 举例说明什么是主位（theme）什么是 述位（rheme）以英语句子为例~~~~~~~

系统功能语法把句子划分成主位、述位两部分，主位是话语的出发点，述回位是围绕主答位所说的话。例如:The man said somthing to me."The man "就是主位，said somthing to me是述位。这是比较简单的情况。主位又分为单项主位和复项主位，而且主位不一定是和主语重合的（上例是重合）。如：Slowly and quietly he pushed the door open ,主位是Slowly and quietly，主语是he，二者就不重合。

8. 大学英语写作怎样写才算好作文

好作文一般15分可以拿到11分以上，其实作文要高分不难，但是很多人拿不到，主要专原因我觉得有以下几点：
最基本的属语法总是用错，比如词组里面的介词忘了，介词后面动词应该有ing。
时态问题，过去发生的不用过去式，却用了现在进行时之类的。
阐述观点不清晰（这个扣分还好），写作文最好先打个提纲，再扩充。对于一个观点支持的理由分为几点，first of all,secondly,thirdly……
另外拿分的就是单词和词组的使用，如果用的都是最最基本的，不影响你的分数，但是没有亮点。用一些稍微高端点的东西，比如表达个人观点的时候:from the perspective of my own,as far as I'mconcerned而不是单调的i think,my opinion is that……
做到这几点你的分数想低都困难~