A. 论文<高中英语写作策略>请高手帮忙(要中\英文对照)谢谢了
一、滴水穿石
俗话说“千里之行始于足下”。英语书面的表达能力的形成不是一日之功，也不是一周两月之功，必须从平时的课堂教学一点一滴抓起，持之以恒，滴水穿石，才有可能最后解决英语书面表达的难题。
高中英语课堂以课文教学为主，结合课文教学抓住学生英语书面表达的难点和关键——谓语动词语义比较语法形式变化，采取多种形式进行写作的基本训练，是培养学生英语书面表达能力的主要手段之一。具体做法是：①课文的词汇教学，不局限于照本宣章，而是结合英语的构词，同义反义比较，名词的可数与不可数词义的区别，加强学生对英语词形变化的理解，扩充他们的词汇量，鼓励他们口笔头造句，借此培养学生用完整句子表意的能力。②课文教学的过程读、写、听、说交替。一般听说在先，读写在后。针对写作训练的听、说、读、写要注意材料内容的语言形式和课文内容的语言形式要有适当的变化和整体的系统性，以课文内容的提问为例，教师提问用的词语结构和课文内容相关，但和课文语言所用词语要有适当的差异，使学生稍加思考能够理解，为学生同样意思多种英语近似表达形式添砖加瓦，积累材料，在不知不觉中了解掌握更多的英语语句表达。③指导学生就课文内容进行长句短写，短句详写的口笔头练习，帮助学生熟练掌握英语中常用动词句子的结构变化，单句和复句的异同关键所在。使用频率高，结构变化较多的英语常用动词如Wishhopeexpect之类的动词要经常反复采用不同形式练习，帮助学生熟练掌握常用动词句子结构和词义区别，逐步在心理上树立用英语造句达意的信心和习惯。④有时结合课文，有时另外补充材料，采用各种形式指导学生改写、缩写或连词完成短文或填词完成短文。
然而英语课文教学中所进行的以上写作训练指导并不解决英语书面表达的全部，这一过程主要抓住英语动词和单复句的变化，少而精地进行英语书面表达的基础训练，为培养学生扎实的语言书面表达能力还需要广泛的多而杂的英文阅读。
二、蓄势待发
“读书破万卷，下笔如有神”。这句话生动说明了书面表达和广泛阅读的关系。世界著名的外语教学家美国人StephenKrashen在其1993年出版的教学理论力作《Power of Reading——Insight from the research》中指出外语过程中①外语书读的多的人，其读写能力比读书量少的人强。②第二语言的阅读量和语言的习得之间有肯定的关系。表明，正确指导学生阅读是解决词汇和迅速提高第二语言的有效必由之路。读书和写作就好比输入和输出，没有足够的输入吸收是不可能有大量的输出的。
高中学生词汇量有限，各科作业负担沉重，英语阅读必须考虑、难易适当，时间上尽可能不给他们加重额外负担。经过比较选择，采用省高校出版社发行的“高中英语泛读教程”为主，国家级刊物“高中英语画刊”和全国发行的“中学生报”和“英语辅导报”为辅。这几种阅读材料内容广泛，语言生动，体裁多样，文章长短适宜，很受学生们的欢迎。时间安排平时利用早自习限时完成，以每分钟50到100个单词阅读量，高三年级每周用两节课的时间专门用于学生自己自由阅读英文杂志和报刊，老师个别指导解答问题，一般经过两学期到三学期的坚持阅读，学生们就会感到英语常用词的基本词义和情景有很大提高。动词的结构和变换也比较熟悉和习惯了，实际上学生已在不知不觉充满乐趣地完成了英语词汇的巩固强化这个艰巨任务，为用英语进行书面表达积累了必需的词语、句式和背景方面的材料。学生进行英语阅读时是否积极主动，满怀热情，对于语言材料的理解和吸收极大，若是抱着完成老师作业的态度读书，就可能出现和尚念经有口无心，前面看过，后面忘光的现象。因此，仅仅为学生选择适宜有趣的读物和安排一定的时间还不够，教师要想法在指导学生阅读的过程中激发培养学生主动学习外语的兴趣，增强学生学外语的自信心，形成良好正确阅读外文材料的习惯，基本的做法是经常让学生个别地在自己的同学面前理解，成功地完成有适当难度的英语阅读问题，老师及时给以鼓励。
三、提纲挈领
英语书面表达的综合训练要提纲挈领是相对省时有效的。尤其高三毕业班时间紧，复习量大，更是如此。这里的“纲”指的是教学大纲和纲要说明要求学生掌握的重要语法概念和书面表达各种不同文体及要求。这里的“领”是说书面表达训练过程要先口头训练，后笔头训练，贯穿始终。
以考纲加大纲要求的各种书面表达形式为顺序，在高三英语总复习的过程中分别进行专门的写作训练指导，目的明确，便于安排；针对性强，容易归纳。每个专项，结合文体，进行先口头，后笔头的写作训练，可以使学生相互交流，取长补短，集思广益，
更好地掌握同一话题，文体的多种表达形式和不同的连贯组合。也有利于增强学生书面表达的自信心和准确性，减少不必要的简单错误，实际上等于一种话题和文体进行两次以上语篇表达训练，无形中起到巩固强化作用。以考纲和大纲要求掌握的文体写通知为例，来说明一下如何进行总复习的写作训练：①用投影仪打出同一内容的口头通知和书面通知比较其格式和句式特点。②让学生口头复述同一内容的两种通知。③教师提供另一内容通知的要求和必要的词语。④由学生准备个别发言，口头表达通知要求尽可能用不同的英语句子结构和语序表达类似的内容。⑤教师组织比较学生口头表达中不同结构和语序的异同和效果。⑥归纳口头和笔头通知常用的各种开头语；中间内容的动词结构；结尾要求的套话和基本格式。⑦布置口头笔头通知的书面练习。⑧收回练习，即时批改，在课堂上交流学生写的有特色或基本正确的通知。⑨集体或个别翻译复习通知的开头、中间和结尾的常用句式。以上具体步骤是学生进行书面表达训练时采用的基本程序，由此可大概看出书面表达是如何提纲挈领进行训练的。
First, power of perseverance
As the saying goes "line of beginning the great distance toyou". English written expression ability formation is not merit of thefirst, also is not week two months merit, must grasp bit by bit fromthe usual classroom instruction, perseveres, the power ofperseverance, only then has the possibility finally to solve Englishwritten expression difficult problem.
The high school English classroom by the text teaching primarily, theunion text teaching holds the student English written expression thedifficulty and the key - predicate verb semantics comparisongrammatical form change, adopts the many kinds of forms to carry onwriting the basic training, raises one of student English writtenexpression ability main methods. The concrete procere is: (1) Thetext glossary teaching, does not limit to according to the textproclaims the chapter, but is unifies English the construction word,the synonymy counter- righteousness comparison, the noun may countwith cannot count the word meaning the difference, strengthens thestudent to English morphological changes understanding, expands theirvocabulary, encourages their mouth writing skill to create sentences,to borrow this to train the student to use complete sentence 子表Italy the ability. (2) The text teaching process reads, writes,listens, to say takes turn. Generally hears in first, read-write inafter. Listens in view of the writing training, to say, to read,writes must pay attention to the material content the language formand the text content language form must have the suitable change andthe whole systematic characteristic, take the text content inquiry asthe example, the teacher inquires the words and expressions structureand the text content which uses is related, but uses the words andexpressions with the text language to have to have the suitabledifference, causes the student slightly to ponder can understand,contributes labor and materials for the student similar meaning manykinds of English approximate expression form, the accumulationmaterial, in unconsciously center understood grasps the more Englishsentence expression. (3) Instructs the student to carry on the longverse on the text content short to write, the short phrase detailedwrites the mouth writing skill practice, helps the student skilled tograsp in English the commonly used verb sentence structural change,the sentence and the plicate sentence similarities and differenceskey is at. The frequency of use is high, structural change moreEnglish commonly used verb like W i s h h o p e e x p e c the t and soon verb must frequently repeatedly use the different form practice,helps the student skilled to grasp the commonly used verb sentencestructure and the word meaning difference, graally has theconfidence and the custom in the psychology which creates sentenceswith English to express one's ideas. (4) Sometimes unifies the text,sometimes other supplement material, uses each kind of form toinstruct the student to rewrite, the abbreviation either theconjunction completes the short written work or completes theshort written work.
However in English text teaching carries on above writes the traininginstruction certainly not to solve the English written expressioncomplete, this process mainly holds English verb and Shan Fuju change,carries on the English written expression the fundamentaltraining, for raises the student solid language written expressionability also to need widespread many and mixed English reading.
Second,
"Studies the broken ten thousand volumes, starts writing liketo be bright". This speech vividly showed the written expression andthe widespread reading relations. The world famous foreign languageteaches the scientist American S t e p h e n K r a s h e n theteaching theory strength which published in its in 1993 to make "P o we r o f R e a d i n g - I n s i g h t f r o m t h e r e s e a r c h"center to point out in the foreign language process (1) foreignlanguage book read many people, its read-write ability studied thequantity few people to be stronger than. (2) The second languagereading quantity and the language custom between has the firmlyrelations. Indicated that, correctly instructs student reading issolves the glossary and rapidly enhances the second language theeffective way that must be taken. Studies and writing is just like theinput and the output, not the enough input absorption is impossible tohave the massive outputs.
High school student vocabulary limited, various branches work burdenheavy, English reading must consider, the difficulty is suitable, inthe time does not aggravate the extra burden as far as possible tothem. After the comparison choice, uses the province universitiespublishing house to distribute "the high school Englishgeneral-comprehension reading course" primarily, the national levelpublication "the high school English periodical" and the nationalrelease "the middle-school student reports" and "English auxiliary导报" for auxiliary. These kind of reading material contentwidespread, language vivid, the literature style is diverse, thearticle length is suitable, gains the students popularity very much.The time arrangement usually uses early studies by oneself the timelimit to complete, by each minute 50 to 100 words reading quantity,high three grades each week specially uses in with two classes timestudent freely to read English magazine and the publication, teacherthe particular guidance explanation question, persist reading thegeneral process two semesters to three semesters, the students willfeel the English commonly used word the basic word meaning and thescene have the very big enhancement. The verb structure and thetransformation quite was also familiar and be used to it, in fact thestudent unconsciously feature fun has been completing English glossaryconsolidated strengthened this arous task, for used English to carryon the written expression to accumulate the essential words andexpressions, the sentence type and the background aspect material. Thestudent carries on when English reading whether positive initiative,fills with the enthusiasm, is enormous regarding the language materialunderstanding and the absorption, if hugs is completing teacher thework the manner to study, possibly appears the buddhist priest tochant scripture the lip-service, front has looked, behind forgets thelight the phenomenon. Therefore, merely chooses for the student issuitable the interesting reading material and the arrangement certaintime is also insufficient, the teacher wants the idea in to instructin the process which the student reads to stimulate to train thestudent to study the foreign language on own initiative the interest,strengthens the student study foreign language the self-confidence,forms the good correct reading foreign language material the custom,the essential procere is frequently lets the student indiviallyunderstand in front of own schoolmate, successfully completes has thesuitable difficulty English reading question, teacher promptly givesthe encouragement.
Third, concentrates on the main points
English written expression integrated training needs toconcentrate on the main points is relatively time-saving effective.Especially high three graating classes time tight, the reviewquantity is big, is so. Here "the outline" refers is the program ofinstruction and the summary explained requests important grammarconcept and written expression each kind of different literary styleand request which the student grasps. Here "the collar" is said thewritten expression training process needs first oral to train, thelatter writing skill training, passes through throughout.
Take tests the outline to enlarge the outline request each kind ofwritten expression form as the order, always reviews in the high threeEnglish in the process separately carries on the special writingtraining instruction, the goal is clear about, is advantageous for thearrangement; Pointed strong, is easy to ince. Each special, theunion literary style, carries on first orally, the latter writingskill writing training, may cause the student mutually to exchange,makes up for one's deficiency by learning from others' strong points,profits by opinions from various sources,
Grasps the identical topic well, the literary style many kindsof expressions form and different links up the combination. Also isadvantageous to strengthening the student written expression theself-confidence and the accuracy, reces the nonessential simplemistake, is actual superior carries on two times of above languagesexpressions training to one kind of topic and the literary style,imperceptibly plays the consolidated strengthened role. Take tests theliterary style which the outline and the program request grasps towrite the notice as the example, explained how carries on the writingtraining which always reviews: (1) Splits out the identical contentwith the projecting apparatus the oral notification and the writtennotification compares its form and the sentence type characteristic.(2) Orally let the student repeat the identical content two kind ofnotices. (3) The teacher provides another content notice the requestand the essential words and expressions. (4) Prepares by the studentindivially to speak, the oral expression notice request uses thedifferent English sentence structure and the word order as far aspossible expresses the similar content. (5) The teacher organizes tocompare in the student oral expression the different structure and theword order similarities and differences and the effect. (6) Incesoral and writing skill notice commonly used each kind of 开头语;Middle content verb structure; Ending request polite talk and basicform. (7) Arranges the oral writing skill notice the written practice.(8) Takes back the practice, revises immediately, exchanges thestudent in the classroom to write has the characteristic or the basiccorrect notice. (9) Collective or indivial translation review noticeopening, middle and ending commonly used sentence type. The mainroutine which above the concrete step is the student carries on whenwritten expression training uses, how from this can probably see thewritten expression is concentrates on the main points carries on thetraining.
B. 怎样提高高中英语写作具体做法
一、循序渐进
“冰冻三尺，非一日之寒”。英语写作能力并非是一蹴而就的。它必须由浅入深、由简到繁、由易到难、循序渐进、一环紧扣一环地进行训练。教师应注重抓基本功训练，首先严格要求学生正确、规范、熟练地书写字母、单词和句子，注意大小写和标点符号。经常进行组词造句、组句成段练习，要求学生写出最简单而精确的短句，为写好英语文章打好扎实的基础。另外，对于较深较广的热门话题就学生而言用英语表达会有难度，不防为学生提供一些体现文章中心的关键提示词，启发他们的思维同时又防止他们不着边际的乱发挥，最终因语言知识能力的限制而千头万绪竟不知如何下手。如写一篇手机的普及以及以中学生的角度和身份谈谈使用手机的利弊。给出关键提示词increase， offer many conveniences， send short messages， communicate， bring some trouble， radiate， waste time， chat.很显然，这些提示词已充分能阐明手机的普及和利弊.只须用这些词作一些句子的补全和拓展，便是一篇很合符要求的书面表达。经常如此训练，学生的应试英语写作的速度和水平能不提高吗?
二、范例引路
学生在进行短文写作训练时，教师应提供各种文体的范文，讲明各种文体的要求，如日记、便条、书信、通知的格式等，并给予必要的提示。每次发完写作训练材料，教师可与学生同时撰写短文。规定时间一到，学生立即停笔，听教师读范文。教师的范文不仅要在格式、内容要点、语法修辞与语言习惯表达上给学生树立样板，而且要考虑到英语的多种表达方法。学生在经过一阵紧张的思维与写作之后，及时听到一篇比较规范的答卷，比较一下自己的作业，可初步衡量出自己的答题的准确度，找出差距，及时查出作业中的毛病。很多学生在考试中，情绪紧张，思维一定程度上受汉语思维的影响，常会有大堆的“中式英语”萦绕心头，甚至千头万绪，难以下笔，特别是应用文体裁的作文如：便条，通知，信函等是不需要展开想象的――格式正确，表达清晰即可。所以，老师不防给学生提供从格式到内容上的一个套用模板。
三、限时训练
多年来，学生们在书面表达上得分不高，一个普遍的原因是时间不够。是时间不够吗?NO!是学生们平时未能严格要求自己限时训练，养成了拖拉的坏习惯。这就得靠英语教师帮助其进行科学有效的作文限时训练。训练时限时发题，限时交卷，促使学生瞬间接受信息，快速理解信息，迅速表达信息，提高实际应用和应试能力。这一步是关键，也是学生的难关。首先必须使学生明白高考“书面表达”题之所以不称之为“作文”题，那是因为高考“书面表达”既不是单纯的汉译英，也不是任意表达思想情感的作文，毕竟中学阶段的英语作文由于受学生的语言及知识能力的限制，大多以“限制性作文”和“情景作文”为主。不可任意发挥，再说它一般都有字数要求的。所以只须要求学生将所规定的材料内容经整理后，展开思维，目的在于考查学生运用所学英语知识准确地表达意思的能力。必须要求学生在写作过程中牢牢记住以下口诀：“先读提示，弄清要点与格式;时态语态要当心，前后呼应要一致;句子结构和搭配，语言习惯莫违背;文章写好细检查，点滴小错别忽视。”学生明确目的并掌握要领后，只须学生快速用英语思维对汉语提示进行语言的组织和编排。要严格在规定时间内完成作业。训练的初级阶段，每次时间可放宽一点。随着学生写作能力及熟练程度增强，时间相应缩短，逐步做到30分钟内完成任务，决不能养成拖拉的坏习惯。
四、阅读奠基
英语书面表达的训练是英语综合能力――听、说、读、写四项要求的训练之一。单靠笔者以上简略提出的做法是不够的。大量的多种训练要贯穿于英语教学的始终，因为英语的听说读写是相互影响、相互作用的有机统一体。但听说读写中，本人认为读是写的“基石”。正如我国英语界老前辈葛传教授在其专著《英语写作》(The Writing of English)中谈到解决中国学生用英语写作的困难时说：“You ought to read very carefully. Not only very carefully，but also aloud，and that again and again till you know the passage by heart and write it as if it were your own.”这就再清楚不过地说明了熟读成诵对写作是多么重要。阅读与写作相辅相成，相得益彰。古人云：“熟读唐诗三百首，不会写诗也会吟。”可以说阅读就是为学生的写作提供厚实的积淀。因为阅读拓宽视野，阅读可以积累知识，阅读提高语言表达和感悟能力。因此，平时要鼓励和指导学生多读多练，坚持不懈，熟能生巧，以至达到“下笔如有神”的境界。
五、高级表达
高考英语书面表达评分标准规定：考生必须使用一定量的高级表达方式，否则就要降档给分.显然在平时训练中要求指导学生尽可能使用一些高级表达方式，注意句式的变换，使文章更加流畅，更有动感.提高了文章的表达效果，提升文章的表达档次.
六、自改互改
对照范文，学生先对已查出的表达有误的地方进行初改。考虑到范文不可能把各种表达方式都包括进去，况且学生作业中的错误也不尽相同，因此，还可安排学生互改作业。互改以同桌的两人为宜。批改者对有疑问的地方作上记号，待互相讨论取得一致意见后再更正。若有争议的问题，可当场请教老师。学生得到了满意的答案，心里总是挺高兴的。他们的写作兴趣自然就会提高。最后，要求学生再对全文通读几遍，琢磨一下是否符合要求，尽量做到准确无误。如发现错误，可作最后修改，誊写工整，交老师查阅。
七、及时讲评
抓好习作讲评课，及时反馈信息，是提高学生书面表达能力不可缺少的一项工作。为此我对自己提出了以下要求：①如在时间紧的情况下，可抽查部分学生的作文评阅，重点抽查中下水平的学生的作文，采用当面批改的形式，从而大面积提高教学质量。②批阅过程中，认真记录习作中存在的带有普遍性和典型性的错误，为讲评课作材料准备。③将一些写得较好的错误较少的习作张贴出来，或讲评时读给全班学生听，给予鼓励。④备好、上好讲评课，使不同层次的学生在每次习作中能有所获。
C. 英语情景作文
The students of our class will be going to hiking on the day after tomorrow. We want to bring some food and fruits and also some orange juice to drink. Tomorrow I plan to go to buy things together with Lucy. Then at 7 am on the day after tomorrow, we will assemble in front of our school and then go on foot to Xishan. We will have our picnic lunch there. We will return to our school at 5 pm.
纯手工
D. 英语情景写作
Dear Yuanchi,
Congratulations on receiving your master degree! I have heard that the Computer program is one of the toughest at the University, In the last few years I have watched you grind and be ground. You have really shown your stuff and have every right to be proud. I'm deeply believe that you will have great success in the field of computer。
I hope you will get yourself something you can use and will enjoy. It comes with my best wishes for your future.
Your friend
LinFan
E. 高二英语作文 是有情景的作文100—120个单词
A woman who was lived in a countryside ,she was very hard-working,she has a big garden near her house where planted many kinds of vegetables .but,one day ,many cks came to her garden ,they had ate all of her vegatables and then go back for their nexts,she know those cks is belong to her neighbour,she went to her neighbour's home and can not control herself,she was crying with heart-rending.Then she told what was happened.The woman's neighbour feeled so sorry to her ,and the woman was forgave him .Some days gone,her neighbour went to the woman's house with a basket ,there are many cklings in it.The woman was so happy,because she likes aniamls.Experienced this thing,the relationship of them were more and more frendly!
F. 如何写出一篇满分的高中英语作文
1.仔细审题是关键，立意鲜明效果现。
英语书面表达中，只有正确审题，理清要点，才能把握写作方向和要求。要分析情景，弄清体裁，透过图画、图表、提纲、文字描述等情景呈现形式看到内容。如看图作文中，不能单纯地望'图'生义，一味地重视图示内容。应将图示内容与写作背景几所学知识结合起来，由图内看到图外，排除无用信息，扣紧文章主题。
2.减少语病，尽量使用熟悉句型。
句子结构的好坏直接影响意义的表达和文章的质量，在平时的写作练习中，考生经常会犯一些错误，如句子残缺不全，缺乏主语、谓语或其它必要成分;必须要牢记掌握一些常用句型或习惯表达，避免中文式英语，在实践中不断养成用英语思维写作的习惯。如：Is it a good thing or a bad thing? Different people have different viewpoints, In my opinion, we should……
3.确定时态及人称，内容连贯，结构紧凑。
高考书面表达评分标准明确规定，如人称错误要扣分，不同的文体一般都有基本时态。日记通常记叙发生过的事情，多用一般过去时。议论文多用一般现在时，通知等文体通常用一般将来时。每个句子写好之后，句与句之间要选择恰当的连接词。比如：
(1)表示承接、递进用语，besides(并且)、what's more(并且)，moreover(而且)，firstly,secondly,finally(最后)，from now on (从此)，afterwards I after that(后来)，to make things worse/ what's worse(使事情更为糟糕的是)，the worst thing of all(最糟糕的是)。
(2)表示转折关系用语。but bowever,otherwise,though,despite,in spite of...(尽管)on the other hand(另一方面)，as(尽管)，all the same(尽管如此)。
(3)表示因果关系用语。because/because of......for(因为)，owing to (由于)，thanks to (由于)，e to (由于)，so that (结果)。
(4)归纳总结用语。to summarize(总而言之)，in short/in a word(简而言之)，on the whole(从总体看)，generally speaking(一般说来)，in my view(我的观点)，in conclusion(总之)。
G. 英语情景写作要 有中文对照
November 28th,2009
Dear Paul,
I miss you so much for these days! I'd like to visit you in Beijing. I've made a brief plan for my trip and you can check whether you will be free at that time.
I want to book the flight which will take off at 11:00am on December 1st and arrive at Beijing at 3:00pm on the same day. I will stay with you for five days, and then take a train to Shengyang.
Will you be free on these days? If not, please tell me and then I will change my schele a bit.
Best wishes！
yours,
***
2009年11月28日
亲爱的保罗，
这些天真是太想念你了！我想去北京拜访你。我已经做好了一个简单的计划，你看看你在那些天是否有时间吧。
我想预定一张在十二月一日上午11点从广州出发，下午三点到北京的飞机票。我会在北京和你一起待五天。之后，我再坐火车去趟沈阳。
你在那几天内有空吗？如果没空的话，一定告诉我哦，我好把我的安排表做点修改。
祝福你！
你的好友，
***
H. 英语作文，60字，有情景，按我的写，要有扩充，最好是初二的写作水平，谢谢了，很急！！！！！！！！！！!
It's Sunday ,Xiao Ming was doing his homework at home. At the same time, there were two kids flying kites outside the house. On seeing them playing so happily, Xiao Ming wanted to play with them too, but he had to finish his homework first. Suddenly, Xiao Ming heard a cry from outside the window. It was from one of the kid because their kite fell in the tree. They tried very hard to get it but failed.
I. 英语情景作文：
my favorite person
in my heart .has many person such as dad ,mom.grandfatherandgr and grandmother. they help my a lot But my favorite person is Yao Ming. he is very tall and strong.To NBA2002 years into the Houston rockets, draft away in the game against the Los Angeles lakers of 20 shots 20, led the rockets beat the lakers. In his glorious period averaged 20 + 10, eight times into the all-star break starting, is our Chinese basketball symbol with pride, and let us know yao more understanding China,is the cultural exchange between China and America links link.