❶ 英语作文。谈谈你认为提高书写能力有哪些好处举例说明书写能力的重要性你认为学生和学校应该怎样做来
首先要说明的是,英文写作能力和语文写作能力是不同的,我们不需要用英文表达内情感思维世界容观价值观,要表达的知识一个客观事实, 我们仅仅被要求将我么看到的,听到的,做到的,用英文恰如其分的表达出来,说白了就是叙述能力的要求, 我认为更多的词汇量是对时间描述细化的根本动力, 比如我们描述事物的好与坏时,不能仅仅用 good bad 来形容, out standing ,excllent ,pretty good , find , satisfied, rarely satisfied 等等词语组合其实可以给我们更多的感受, 在教学中, 我认为鼓励学生在学习一个词语的时候, 多人士2近意词反意词是增加词汇量的好方法。
❷ 提高写作能力的重要性!(400~500字)
强化对写来作能力重要性的认识自
写作能力是由语言表达能力和想象能力及思维能力等多种因素综合而成的,写作能力的高低,能反映出一个人的综合素质。特别是在工作岗位上,应用写作的机会很多,如果没有一定的写作能力,是难以应对的。我们年终要写总结,工作中要写汇报,学习时要写心得,还有抒发情感、记叙事件等等,没有一定的写作知识和写作能力,是不能很好地完成工作任务的。例如,有很多人,辛辛苦苦地工作一年,工作非常出色,也积累了很多的丰富经验,但是由于写作能力较差,不能很好地总结经验教训,不能使你的经验得以传播和借鉴。还有,朋友书信之间交往,没有一定的写作能力,就不能很好地表达你的感情。也有一些人只要是动笔写一点东西就得求人,即麻烦别人自己又得不到提高。作为工作人员,我们有必要进行写作知识和写作能力的培养,更有必要提高对写作意义的认识,这是提高写作能力的前提。
❸ 初中英语的语法重要还是翻译能力和写作重要
当然是语法,初中考试多为语法知识,设计翻译的很少
一、以形式主语it引导的句型。
句型1. It happened() that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced sth. = sb. did sth. by chance. 如:
It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时,碰巧他不在。=He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there.
句型2、It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/ had done 如:(还有动词appear可这样使用)
It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.好象你以去过北京。=He seemed to have been Beijing before.
句型3. It is / was+被强调的部分+that(who)+剩余的部分.如:
It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.直到他回来我才睡觉。(一定要注意被强调句型谓语动词否定的转移,及形式)。
It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。(只能用because而不能用for, as 或since)
It is I who am a student. 我确实是个学生。(句中am不能用are来代替。)
句型4、It is high time (time/ about time) (that) 主语+should do / did+其它。(注意从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气)
It is high time that we should go / went home.我们该回家了。
句型5、It is / was said ( reported…)+that+从句. 如:
It was said that he had read this novel.据说他读过这篇小说。=He was said to have read this novel.
句型6、It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.(从句中的谓语用should+do / should have done,其形式是虚拟语气。)如:
It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪,他这次考试没有及格。
句型7、It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.(注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have
done的形式,但should可以省略。)如:
He didn’t come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。
句型8、It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.(从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略。)如:
It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议推迟会议。
句型9、It is/was+表示地点的名词+where+从句。(注意本句不是强调句型,而是以where引导的定语从句。)如:
It was this house where I was born.请比较:It was in this house that I was born. (后一句是强调句型。)
句型10、It is / was +表示时间的名词+when+从句。(注意本句型也不是强调句型,而是以when引导的定语从句。)如:
It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较:It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States.
句型11、It is well-known that+从句。如:
It is well-known that she is a learned woman. 众所周知,她是个知识渊博的妇女。
句型12、It is +段时间+since+主语+did. 请比较:
It was +段时间+since+主语+had done. 如:
It is five years since he left here.他已经离开这儿五年了。
It was five years since he left here.(同上)
句型13、It +谓语+段时间+before+主语+谓语.( before引导的是时间状语从句。) 如:
It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。
It will be three hours before he comes back.三个小时之后他才能回来。
句型14、It is +形容词+for+ sb.+ to do. 如:
It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。
句型15、It is +(心理品质方面的)形容词+of + sb. + to do. = 主语+ be +形容词+to do.(常用的形容词有:kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。)如:
It is kind of you to help me.=You are kind to help me.你真好给我提供了帮助。
二、定语从句:
句型16、由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。如:
As we have known, he is a most good student.众所周知,他是个很好的学生。请比较:It is well-known that he is a most good student.(前一个是定语从句,而后者是个主语从句。)
句型17、由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如:
He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming.
他是个教授,那是我一直盼望的职业。(因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词,因此引导词用which,而不用who。(注意:关于which和as之间的比较请看语法的定语从句部分。)
句型18、由where, when引导的定语从句(其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。)如:
This is the house where I used to come.请比较:This is the house which / that I used to come to.
This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较:This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.
说明:关于that与which之间的区别,请看语法中的定语从句。
三、让步状语从句
句型19、No matter what / which / who / where / when /
whose+从句,+主句。注意从句中的时态一般情况用一般现在时态。如:
No matter what you do, you must do it well.请比较:Whatever you do, you must do it well. 无论你做什么,一定要做好。
No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较:Wherever you go, please let me know.你无论去哪儿,请通知我。
说明:这两种句型形式不同,而意义完全相同。
注意:I will tell whoever would like to read it.
句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它即作动词tell的宾语,又作后面从句的主语。
四、条件状语从句
句型20、When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句,+主句。(从句也可以放在主句之后。)如:
As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.只要你给我一些钱,我就让你走。
Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well.
一旦你开始学习英语,你应该把它学好。
句型21、主句+on condition that+从句。如:
I will go with you on condition that you give me some money.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。
句型22、主句+unless+从句.(注意:由于unless本身是否定词,所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定。)如:
I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。
句型23、祈使句,+and/ and then+主句。(注意:祈使句也可用一个名词短语。)如:
Use your head, and you will find a good idea.动脑筋想一想,你就会想出一个好主意。
Another word, and I will beat you.你再说一句,我就揍你。
句型24、If +necessary / impossible/ important等,+主句。如:
If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话,我来做此事。
五、原因状语从句
句型25、主句+in case+从句。(in case表示以免)如:
I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。
句型26、主句+e to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句。如:
He did not come to school because of the fact that he was
ill.由于他有病了,所以没有来上学。
六、时间状语从句
句型27、When / While / As +从句,+主句。(关于它们之间的区别请看语法。)如:
When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.当我在农村时,我常常给你打水。
句型28、主句+after / before +从句. 如:
They hadn’t been married four months before they were
devoiced.他们绘结婚不到四个月就离婚了。
We went home after we had finished the work.我们做完此工作就回家了。
句型29、主语+肯定谓语+until+从句(或时间).请比较:
主语+否定谓语+until+从句。如:
I worked until he came back.我一直工作到他回来。
I didn’t worked until he came back.他回来我才开始工作。
句型30、As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句,+主句. 如:
My father went out immediately I got home.我一到家,我父亲就出去了。
句型31、No sooner +had + 主语+done…than +主语+did. 请比较:
主语+had + no sooner +done…than +主语+did. 如:
No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.我一到北京就给你打电话了。
I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you.
句型32、Hardly +had +主语+done…when / before + 主语+did.请比较:主语+had +hardly +
done…when / before +主语+did.
Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚饭就出去了。
She had hardly had supper when she went out.
句型33、By the time+从句,+主句.(注意时态的变化。)如:
By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时,我已经写完了这本书。
By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.到你回来时,我将写完这本书。
句型34、each / every time +从句,+主句. (这时相当于whenever 或no matter
when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后。)如:
Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.每当他来哈尔滨,总是随便来看看我。
七、地点状语从句
句型35、Where +从句,+主句. 如:
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.哪里没有雨水,种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的。
句型36、Anywhere / wherever+从句,+主句. 如:
Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.无论我去哪儿,我的妻子也去哪儿。
I will go wherever you suggest.你建议我去哪儿,我就去哪儿。
八、目的状语从句
句型37、主句+in order that / so that +从句.如:
I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.我起得很早,以便能赶上早班车。
句型38、主句+for + sb. +to do.(注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语。)如:
He came here for me to work out this problem.他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。
九、结果状语从句
句型39、主句+so that+从句. 如:
It was very cold, so that the river froze.天气很冷,因此河水结冰了。
句型40、So+形容词/ 副词+特定动词+主语+…+that+从句.
So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.这本书那么有趣,我想再读一遍。
句型41、主语+谓语+such+名词+that+从句.如:
He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.他进步很快,老师表扬了他。
句型42、Such was + 主语+that +从句.(这是个完全倒装句。)如:
Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸力这么大,所有的窗户都被震碎了。
十、比较状语从句
句型43、The +形容词比较级……,(主句)the +形容词比较级+……如:
The sooner you do it, the better it will be.越早越好。
句型44、主语+谓语+as +形容词原级+as +被比较的对象. 如:
He is as busy as a bee.他非常忙。
句型45、主语+谓语+the+形容词比较级+of / between …
He is the taller of the two.他们俩人中他高。
句型46、主语+谓语+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+被比较的对象.如:
This room is three times as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。(这个房间比那个房间大两倍。)
句型47、主语+谓语+百分数/倍数+形容词比较级+than+被比较的对象.如:
This city is twice larger than ours.这个城市比我们城市大两倍。
The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2000.那个公社的早稻产量是2000年的两倍。
句型48、主语+谓语+the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象.如:
Our building is twice the height of yours.我们的大楼比你们的高两倍。
十一、其它句型
句型49、It doesn’t matter wh-+从句。如:
It doesn’t matter to me what you will do tomorrow.你明天做什么与我无关。
It doesn’t matter whether you will come or not.你来不来无关紧要。
句型50、形容词/ 副词 / 名词(可数单数)+as / though +主语+谓语,+主句.如:
Young as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他很小,但他知道得很多。
Hard he works, I am sure that he can’t pass this exam.虽然他学习很努力,这次考试他肯定不能及格。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子,但他懂得很多。
句型51、Were / Should / Had +主语+谓语,+主句.如
Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday.如果我是你的话,昨天我就去那儿了。
句型52、Only +状语+特定动词+主语+谓语…
Only by this means can I do this work well.只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作。
Only because he was ill did he not come to school.只因为他有病了才没有来上学。
Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.只有那时,我才认识到我错了。
句型53、Not only +特定动词+主语+谓语…but also+主语+谓语…
Not only did he learn English well but also he spoke French very well. 他不但英语学得好,而且法语讲得很流利。
句型54、whether….or…, neither…nor…, either…or…
句型55、主语+doubt+whether + 从句. 请比较:
主语+特定否定词+doubt+that+从句. 如:
I don’t doubt that he will come this afternoon.我确信他下午一定能来。
十二.句型1:too +adj./adv.+to do
The boy is too young to go to school.这孩子太小不能上学。
句型2:adj./ad v.+enough to do
The girl is old enough to go to school.这女孩到了上学的年龄。
句型3:...in order to do
He stood up in order to see better.他站了起来,好看清楚些。
句型4:...have to do
You'll have to go home now.现在你得回家了。
句型5:There's no time to do this.
There's no time for me to play now.现在我没时间玩。
书面表达常用句型及短语
1. 学校生活及学习成绩
be obsorbed in … 对……入迷
bury oneself in … 对……入迷
give an excellent performance before the whole class 在全班面前好好表现一番
acquire (obtain)knowledge学习知识
put one’s heart into … 一心扑在……上
be interested in … 对……感兴趣
be fond of … 喜欢/爱好……
like chemistry best 最喜欢化学
be good at … 擅长……
be poor at … 不擅长……
do well in …
(在考试、竞赛中)取得好成绩;干得不错
be weak in … 不擅长……
make progress in … 在……方面取得进步
fail in … 考试不及格
be tired of … 对……感到厌烦/厌倦
pass the examination 通过考试
major in history 主修历史
be getting on well with one’s study
(某人)学业进展得很好
take several courses at school
在学校上几门课
have English (Chinese , Physics…)every (other)day
每天(隔一天)上英语(中文、物理)课……
work hard at (Physics , Chemistry)…
努力学习(物理、化学)…
He has the best record in school.
他的学习成绩最棒。
live up to one’s hope 不辜负某人的期望
learn about …
学习到/知道(某学科知识)/听到,听说/获悉/了解到
succeed in …
在(某方面)成功;在(做某事)上获得成功
be active in class (work)
在课堂上(工作中)表现积极
take an active part in …积极参加……
learn sth . by heart 谙记某事,牢记在心
work out a (maths)problem
解决一个(数学)问题
improve oneself in …在某方面提高自己
get 90 marks for (English)
(英语)考试取得90分
get an “A”in the exam在考试中得到“A”
have a good command of …精通……
lay a good foundation in (language study)
在(语言学习)方面奠定一个好的基础
2. 师生关系
give sb. a passing grade 给予某人及格的分数
examine the students’ homework
检查学生的作业
stand on the platform 站在讲台上
get on well with sb. 与某人相处得很好
raise a question 提问
like to be with students 喜欢与学生相处
be gentle with us 对我们很友善
be kind to sb. 对某人和蔼
be a strict teacher 是一个严厉的老师
be strict with one’s pupils 对学生要求严格
be strict in work 对工作要求严格
think of (sb. / sth.)as…
把(某人或某事)当作……
help sb. with sth. 用……帮助某人
praise sb. for sth . 由于某事赞扬某人
blame sb. for sth . 为(某事)责备某人
give sb. advice on sth.
在……方面给某人建议
question sb. on … 就……质问某人
be satisfied with … 对……满意
correct the students’ homework carefully and prepare for the next day
仔细批改学生的作业并为明天备课
give sb. a lot of work 给某人很多的工作
try to teach sb. to develop good study habits
努力教某人养成良好的学习习惯
make one’s lessons lively and interesting
使课堂生动并且吸引人
teach sb. sth. 教某人某事
teach sb to do sth . 教某人做某事
devote all one’s time to work
将自己所有的时间都投入工作之中
admire (sb. for)his devotion to the cause of ecation
佩服某人对于教育事业的献身精神
3. 课外活动及周末生活
have a swim 游泳
have dances on weekends 参加周末舞会
have a picnic over the weekend
周末去野餐
go to the cinema 去看电影
have a party 聚会,开晚会
hold a sports meeting 举行运动会
spend one’s time in many different ways
以多种不同的方式消磨时间
enjoy doing things by oneself 喜欢独自做某事
go swimming 去游泳
go for an outing 去远足
have an outing at (the seashore)去(海边)度假
see the sights of Beijing 在北京观光
play the piano (violin)弹钢琴(拉小提琴)
play chess (basketball)下棋(打篮球)
do some reading 阅读
help sb. do sth . 帮助某人做某事
enjoy a family trip 享受一次家庭旅游
get everything ready for 为……做好一切准备
rid one’s bike with sb. to the park
与某人骑车去公园
There are a lot of activities at the beach.
海滨有很多活动。
We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city.
我们享受一种都市繁忙生活之外的变化。
She would like to bring sth . to the picnic.
她愿意为野餐带点东西。
It was a very relaxing Sunday.
这是一个很轻松的星期日。
There are good programmes on TV on weekends.
周末有好的电视节目。
4. 彼此沟通信息
tell sb to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
get information about …了解……
express one’s idea(feelings)in English
用英语表达自己的思想(情感)
write sb a letter saying … 给某人写信说……
apologize to sb. for … 为……向某人道歉
thank you for … 感谢你……
make a speech at the meeting
在会议上发表讲演
take a message for sb. 给某人带口信
send a message to sb. 给某人送口信
hear from sb. 从(某人处)听说,收到某人的信
talk about / of sth . 谈论某事
explain sth . to sb. 向某人解释某事
look upon sb as … 把某人认为……
think sb. to be … 认为某人……
take sb’s side 站在某人一边;支持某人
5. 事件中人的态度
feel bored (embarrassed , nervous , carafree)
觉得很枯燥(尴尬,紧张,无忧无虑)
would like to do 愿意做某事
be unforgettable 是难以忘怀的
show sb one’s thanks 表示感谢
have fears for 感到害怕
My heart beats fast 心跳加速
hesitate for a few minutes 犹豫了几分钟
give sb a meaningful smile
冲某人意味深长的一笑
allow sb. to do 允许某人做某事
keep / prevent sb. from doing sth .
阻止某人做某事
call on sb. to do sth . 号召某人做某事
be afraid to do (be afraid of)sth.
害怕/担心某事
feel like doing sth .
坚持做某事
drive sb. off 赶走某人
speak highly of sb. 高度赞扬某人
speak ill of sb. 诽谤某人
think highly of sb. 对某人评价很高
force sb. to do sth . 强迫某人做某事
offer to do sth . 主动提出做某事
refuse to do sth . 拒绝做某事
agree to do sth . 同意做某事
regret doing sth . 遗憾做过某事
prefer to do A rather than do B
喜欢做A胜过做B
had better do sth . 最好做某事
would rather (not)do sth .
更(不)愿意做某事
6. 事情过程
be woken up by the telephone 被电话吵醒
set out without a delay 一点没耽误地出发了
do sth . as usual 像平常一样做某事
do what he wants us to do
做他想让我们做的事
set about doing sth . 开始做某事
try one’s best to do sth . = go all out to do sth .
尽力做某事
get into trouble 陷入困境
help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难;帮忙
do one’s bit for New China
为新中国做份内之事
have the habit of doing sth .
有做某事的习惯
have no trouble in doing sth . 做某事没困难
make up one’s mind to do sth . 下决心做某事
prepare sb. for sth . 准备/预备让某人干某事
give up doing sth . 放弃做某事
wait for sb . to do sth . 等待某人去做某事
find a way to do sth . 找到做某事的方法
make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友
show (tell)sb. how to do sth .
向某人展示(讲述)如何做某事
take (send)sb to … 带(送)某人到……
I’m trying to find … 我正努力发现……
I’m afraid we are out of …
我担心我们失去……
pass the time doing sth . 做某事来消磨时间
feel a little excited about doing sth .
对做某事感到有一点兴奋
can’t help doing sth . 禁不住做某事
do some good deeds to people 为人民做好事
be prepared for more hard work
准备好应付更多的艰苦的工作
Some are doing A, others are doing B, and still others are doing C.
一些人做A,另外一些人做B,还有一些人做C.
7. 感官活动与思维活动
be pleased with … 对……感到高兴
be delighted in doing … 做某事很愉快
take a pleasure in doing sth . 做某事很高兴
be worried about sth . 担心某事
feel surprised at … 对……感到惊讶
be sorry for … 对……抱歉
be angry with sb. for sth . 对某事对某人发怒
be angry about… 为某事生气
look forward to doing … 期盼做某事
wish to do sth . 希望做某事
expect to do sth. 期待做某事
long for (long to do )sth. 渴望做某事
be sick for one’s home 怀念家乡
have a strong desire to do sth .
对做某事有强烈的愿望。
look around for … (在某地)查找/搜寻……
look up (down)at … 往上(朝下)看……
catch sight of … 看见……
take a look at … 看一眼……
hear sb. do (doing)sth. 听某人做?/div>
❹ 写作的重要性写一篇英语作文
As is known to all, writing is an important andnecessary skill for all students. However, many students don’t reallyunderstand the true importance of writing, as they just consider writing as atask of exam. As far as I am concerned, writing has deeper importance in manyways.
众所周知,写作对所有的学生来说是一项重要和必要的技能。但是,很多学生没有真正明白写作的重要性,因为他们只把写作当做是考试的一项任务。在我看来,写作在很多方面更重要。
Firstly, improving our ability of using words is abasic function of writing. For example, in order to write a good Englishcomposition, we must use every word carefully as much as possible to ensure itscorrectness. In the process, we have improved our ability of using words andwriting skills imperceptibly. In this aspect, writing is a good way tostrengthen our ability.
首先,提高我们用词能力是写作的一个基本功能。例如,为了写好一篇英语作文,我们必须极可能谨慎使用每一个词以确保文章的正确性。在这个过程中,我们不知不觉地提高了我们用词能力和写作技巧。从这一方面来看,写作是加强能力的一个好方法。
Moreover, writing is an effective way to enlarge ourvocabulary. Different compositions we write need different vocabularies.Therefore, the more compositions we write, the more vocabularies we get. At thesame time, it is helpful to enlarge our reading.
其次,写作是扩展我们的词汇量的有效方法。我们所写的不同作文需要不同的词汇。所以,我们写得越多,我们就掌握越多的词汇。同时,这也有助于我们扩大阅读量。
And last but not the least, writing makes greatcontribution to our logical thinking and analysis ability. For one thing, towrite a good composition, we must collect and arrange writing materialssystematically so that we can show off what is essential and what is not soimportant. In the process of dealing with materials, we are also learning toanalyze and deal with the different problems. For another, it is also a processto practice our own thinking ability and form different thoughts. By dealing withall kinds of compositions, we can get in touch with more thoughts and becomewiser.
最后但不是最不重要的一点,写作对我们的逻辑思维和分析能力很有帮助。一方面,为了写好一篇作文,我们必须系统地收集和整理写作材料以便能够掌握什么事必要的,什么又不是那么重要的。在处理材料的过程中,我们也学会分析和处理不同问题。另一方面,这也是一个锻炼我们思考能力和形成不同思维的过程。通过处理各种各样的作文,我们可以接触到更多的想法从而变得更理智。
In a word, writing is an important skill, especiallyfor language learners. Thus, we should improve our writing ability as much aspossible to improve our overall levels.
总之,写作是一项重要的技能,特别是对语言学习者。因此,我们应该尽可能提高我们的学做能力以提高我们各方面水平。
❺ 英语写作在英语学习中的重要性
别急 会把英语写作能力提高的
谈谈如何提高英语写作能力
关键词:英语写作能力 原则 方法
引言:英语写作能力是英语听、说、读、写四种基本能力之一,英语写作能有效地促进语言知识的内化。Swain(1985)提出“可理解输出”假设,认为包括写在内的语言产生性运用有助于学习者检验目的语句法结构和词语的使用,促进语言运用的自动化,有效地达到了语言习得的目的。通过写作,英语知识不断得到巩固并内在化,有利于英语技能的全面发展。但是,英语写作又是广大英语学习者最感头痛的问题之一,且容易被教师忽视,笔者以为如何提高英语写作能力值得我们认真研究。本文就此谈谈初浅的看法。
一、提高英语写作能力的原则
(一)渐进性原则。要坚持“句—段—篇”的训练程序,由易到难,循序渐进。在英语写作的初始阶段,要始终注意培养学生良好的写作习惯,狠抓基本功训练。在学生掌握了基本句型并能写出简单句子后,再要求学生根据一些体例写出小段的文章。在段落写作中要引导学生分析段落的结构、段落的中心句、句与句之间的逻辑关系、写作手法等,这样有利于下一步一篇文章的写作。在文章写作中要教会学生如何构思文章、如何运用正确的写作技巧等。
(二)多样性原则。要坚持训练形式的多样化及写作文体的多样性。从形式上而言,可以用回答提问的口头作文,也可以用续写故事;可以改写课文,也可以仿写课文;可以写提纲训练谋篇布局,也可以写拓展段训练发散思维……。从文体上而言,可以写说明文、议论文、记叙文,也可以写书信、便条、通知等实用文体。
(三)结合性原则。要坚持听说读训练和写训练相结合。根据语言习得理论,学习者在学习时常先通过听和读吸取语言知识,从而了解别人的思想,再通过说和写来表达自己的思想,让别人了解自己。大量的听说训练能促进读写能力的提高。因此,写与听说读紧密结合,进行多元化的能力训练,可使学生的各项能力互相影响、互相渗透、互相促进。
(四)控制性原则。要坚持写作前的指导,控制学生的汉语语言思维,发展英语语言思维。语言学习在很大程度上主要是模仿,而非随心所欲地自由表达。教师要加强写作前的指导,可给出范文让学生模仿,以熟悉其语篇结构。同时要控制其汉语语言思维,尽可能让学生习惯英语语言思维,以便于学生学习和掌握地道、正确的英语。
(五)持久性原则。要坚持长期、正确的写作训练。英语写作能力的提高并非一朝一夕之事,而是一个长期的、艰巨的、渐进的过程。这就要求教师、学生都要有充分的思想准备,要有坚韧不拔的意志和必胜的信心。
二、提高英语写作能力的方法。
(一)通过积累词汇量,提高英语写作能力。犹如土木砖石是建筑的材料一样,词汇是说话写作的必需材料,也是制约写作能力提高的瓶颈。可以想象,如果要写一个句子,10个单词有8个单词拼写错误或拼写不出,有2
个单词用法不当,又怎么能清楚地表达自己的思想呢?因此,在平时的教学中要强调学生记忆单词,记住单词的拼读、用法、意思等。记忆单词的方法有很多,各人有各人的记忆方法和习惯,可因人而异。教师可通过要求学生朗读单词、听写单词、默写单词、遣词造句、词汇竞赛等多种方法促进学生记单词。记忆单词是一个长期的反复的过程,要长期地坚持下去,才能不断积累大量的词汇,为英语写作打下坚实的基础。
(二)通过扩大阅读量,提高英语写作能力。古人云“熟读唐诗三百首,不会作诗也会吟”,这是汉语的一种学习方法,同样可借鉴于英语写作。多阅读是学生增加接触英语语言材料、接受信息、活跃思维、增长智力的一种途径,同时也是培养学生英语思维能力、提高理解力、增强语感、巩固和扩大词汇量的一种好方法,有利于促进英语写作能力的提高。在阅读训练中,教师要注意以下问题:一是指导阅读方法,分析文章结构、中心思想、段落中心句、写作方法等,帮助学生掌握各类文章的结构及写作方法。二要精读与泛读相结合,通过推敲优秀的文章来学会写作方法和选词用词;通过大量的泛读来吸取信息量,扩大词汇量。三要扩大阅读量。提供阅读的材料涉及面要广,才能不断扩大学生的知识面,使学生适应各种题材的写作。
(三)通过提高听说能力,提高英语写作能力。英语听说读写四种能力是相互影响、相互促进的,提高听说能力必定会促进写作能力的提高。要提高听说能力关键在于创设一个良好的英语环境。教师要尽可能地用英语授课,多开展专门的听说训练,同时开展丰富多彩的课外英语活动,让学生沉浸在英语海洋中去领略、去体会、去使用英语,久而久之,学生自然能使用正确的、地道的英语进行交谈与写作。
(四)通过重视写作过程,提高英语写作能力。长期以来,英语写作成果教学法(THE PRODUCT
APPROACH)在我国居于主导地位,教师根据写作的终成品来判断写作的成败,重视写作的技术性细节(如格式、拼写、语法等),忽视写作过程的指导。根据D.Rumechart和J.McClelland提出的连通论(Connectionism)理论,写作包括写前阶段、具体写作、文章修改三个基本过程,这三个过程并非是线性排列,而是循环往复,穿插进行的。教师只有重视加强对写作三个过程的指导,才能更好地提高英语写作能力。在写作前阶段,教师重在指导学生如何挖掘题材,训练发散性思维,以及如何选择材料、谋篇布局等。在具体写作中,教师重在指导学生如何紧扣主题、运用正确的写作方法等。在文章修改中,教师重在指导学生如何修改语法及用词的错误。
(五)通过多写英语摘要,提高英语写作能力。英语摘要是把一篇文章的要点摘录出来,用自己的语言使之独立成一篇短文,这不是简单的摘录,而是忠于原文意思的再创作。写英语摘要有利于学生了解原文的文化背景、理解原文的中心意思、弄清原文的篇章结构,从而提高学生的逻辑思维能力和谋篇布局能力。
(六)通过发展英语语言思维能力,提高英语写作能力。英语写作是运用已掌握的内在化语言知识和表达方法,通过思维进行外在化输出的创作,因此英语语言思维能力在英语写作中作用非凡。对于我国学生而言,在英语写作中易受汉语语言思维的影响,难以直接用英语语言进行思维,不利于英语写作能力的提高,因此发展其英语语言思维能力尤为重要。教师要注意对学生的英语语言思维进行多方位、多角度的训练:要采取各种方法训练学生英语语言思维的广阔性、深刻性、发散性和创造性;要教会学生用英语思考问题、回答问题;要从训练形象思维开始,逐步过渡到抽象思维训练;在课文讲解中要尽可能不用汉语翻译而用英语解释,消除汉语思维的影响;要努力创设良好的英语环境,在英语交际中发展英语思维能力。
写好英语段落的三个标准
首先,一个段落必须有一个中心即主题思想,该中心由主题句特别是其中的题旨来表达。整个段落必须紧扣这个主题(stick or hold to the topic),这就是段落的统一性(unity)。其次,一个段落必须有若干推展句,使主题思想得到充分展开,从而给读者一个完整的感觉,这就是完整性(completeness or adequateness)。再者,一个段落不是杂乱无章的,而是有机的组合,句子的排列顺序必须合乎逻辑,从一个句子到另一个句子的过渡必须流畅(smooth),这就是连贯性(coherence)。下面我们就对这三个标准分别加以说明。
1、统一性
一个段落内的各个句子必须从属于一个中心,任何游离于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。请看下例:
Joe and I decided to take the long trip we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise, we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much, and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico.
本段的主题句是段首句,controlling idea(中心思想)是take the long trip across the country.文中出现两个irrelevant sentences,一个是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie,这一段是讲的是Joe and I ,中间出现一个Bella是不合适的。还有,Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner这一句更是与主题句不相关。考生在四级统考的作文卷上常常因为造出irrelevant sentences(不相关语句)而丢分,值得引起注意。再看一个例子:
My name is Roseanna, and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds, but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Everyday I practice jogging three miles, swimming fifteen laps, lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby.
本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit,但段中有两个irrelevant sentences,一个是I bought two new suitcases last week,另一个是My mother was a premature baby.
从上面两个例子可以看出,native speakers同样会造出来irrelevant sentences.卷面上如果这种句子多了,造成偏题或离题,那问题就更严重了。
2、完整性
正象我们前面说得那样,一个段落的主题思想靠推展句来实现,如果只有主题句而没有推展句来进一步交待和充实,就不能构成一个完整的段落。同样,虽然有推展句,但主题思想没有得到相对圆满的交待,给读者一种意犹未尽的感觉。这样的段落也不能完成其交际功能。例如:
Physical work can be a useful form of therapy for a mind in turmoil. Work concentrates your thoughts on a concrete task. Besides, it is more useful to work —— you proce something rather than more anxiety or depression.
本段的主题句是段首句。本段的两个推展句均不能回答主题句中提出的问题。什么是“a mind in turmoil”(心境不平静)Physical work又如何能改变这种情况?为什么它能起therapy的作用?读者得不到明确的答案。由于四级统考的作文部分只要求写一篇100~120个词的三段式短文,每一段只有大约40个词左右,因此,要达到完整就必须尽可能地简明。例如:
It is not always true that a good picture is worth a thousand words. Often writing is much clearer than a picture. It is sometimes difficult to figure out what a picture means, but a careful writer can almost always explain it.
段首句所表达的主题思想是一种看法,必须有具体事例加以验证。上述两个推展句只是在文字上对主题作些解释,整个段落内容空洞,简而不明。如果用一两个具体的例子的话,就可以把主题解释清楚了。比如下段:
It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words. Sometimes, pictures are pretty useless things. If you can't swim and fall in the river and start gulping water, will you be better off to hold up a picture of yourself drowning, or start screaming “Help”?
3、连贯性(coherence)
连贯性包括意连和形连两个方面,前者指的是内在的逻辑性,后者指的是使用转换词语。当然这两者常常是不可分割的。只有形连而没有意连,句子之间就没有内在的有机的联系;反之,只有意连而没有形连,有时行文就不够流畅。
1)、意连
段落中句子的排列应遵循一定的次序,不能想到什么就写什么。如果在下笔之前没有构思,边写边想,写写停停,那就写不出一气呵成的好文章来。下面介绍几种常见的排列方式。
A.按时间先后排列(chronological arrangement)
We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose, it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast; we knew the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock. Then, when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours —— it must have been close to noon —— the heat nearly hid us in; the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down. By the time we reached the mountain, it was our o'clock and we were exhausted. Here, judgement ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the summit, not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert. Sure enough, by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a steep cliff, dragging Mohammed and me along with him. By nine, when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit, we knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day.
本段从“rose”(起床)写起,然后是吃早餐(“not to miss breakfast”, “closing at nine o'clock”),然后是“close to noon”,一直写到这一天结束(“By nine——”)。
B. 按位置远近排列(spatial arrangement)。例如:
From a distance, it looked like a skinny tube, but as we got closer, we could see it flesh out before our eyes. It was tubular, all right, but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore, we were also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts: a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten feet away, we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass, unlike the tube that it was sitting on, which only had four. Inside, the tube was gloomy, because of the lack of light. Then a steep, narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land.
本段的写法是由远及近,从远处(“from a distance”)写起,然后“get closer”,再到(“ten feet away”),最后是“inside the pagoda”……当然,按位置远近来写不等于都是由远及近。根据需要,也可以由近及远,由表及里等等。
C. 按逻辑关系排列(logical arrangement)
a. 按重要性顺序排列(arrangement in order of importance)
If you work as a soda jerker, you will, of course, not need much skill in expressing yourself to be effective. If you work on a machine, your ability to express yourself will be of little importance. But as soon as you move one step up from the bottom, your effectiveness depends on your ability to reach others through the spoken or the written word. And the further away your job is from manual work, the larger the organization of which you are an employee, the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking. In the very large business organization, whether it is the government, the large corporation, or the Army, this ability to express oneself is perhaps the most important of all the skills a man can possess.
这一段谈的是表达能力,它的重要性与职业,身份有关,从“not need much skill”或“of little importance”到“more important”,最后是“most important”。
b.由一般到特殊排列(general-to-specific arrangement)
If a reader is lost, it is generally because the writer has not been careful enough to keep him on the path. This carelessness can take any number of forms. Perhaps a sentence is so excessively cluttered that the reader, hacking his way through the verbiage, simply doesn't know what it means. Perhaps a sentence has been so shoddily constructed that the reader could read it in any of several ways. Perhaps the writer has switched tenses, or has switched pronouns in mid-sentence, so the reader loses track of when the action took place or who is talking. Perhaps sentence B is not logical sequel to sentence A —— the writer, in whose head the connection is clear, has not bothered to provide the missing link. Perhaps the writer has used an important word incorrectly by not taking the trouble to look it up. He may think that “sanguine” and “sanguinary” mean the same thing, but the difference is a bloody big one. The reader can only infer what the writer is trying to imply.
这一段谈的是a writer's carelessness,先给出一个general statement作为主题句,然后通过5个 ”perhaps”加以例证。
c. 由特殊到一般排列(specific-to-general arrangement)
I do not understand why people confuse my Siamese cat, Prissy, with the one I had several years ago, Henry. The two cats are only alike in breed. Prissy, a quiet, feminine feline, loves me dearly but not possessively. She likes to keep her distance from people, exert her independence and is never so rude as to beg, lick, or sniff unceremoniously. Her usual posture is sitting upright, eyes closed, perfectly still. Prissy is a very proper cat. Henry, on the other hand, loved me dearly but possessively. He was my shadow from morning till night. He expected me to constantly entertain him. Henry never cared who saw him do anything, whether it was decorous or not, and he usually offended my friends in some way. The cat made himself quite comfortable, on the top of the television, across stranger's feet or laps, in beds, drawers, sacks, closets, or nooks. The difference between them is imperceptible to strangers.
本段的主题句是段首句,它仅提出一个问题:为什么两只猫会被搞混。然后对两者进行比较,末句才下结论。
2)、形连
行文的逻辑性常常要靠适当的转换词语及其他手段来实现。请读下面这一段文字并找出文中用以承上启下的词语:
Walter's goal in life was to become a successful surgeon. First, though, he had to get through high school, so he concentrated all his efforts on his studies —— in particular, biology, chemistry, and math. Because he worked constantly on these subjects, Walter became proficient in them; however, Walter forgot that he needed to master other subjects besides those he had chosen. As a result, ring his junior year of high school, Walter failed both English and Latin. Consequently, he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graate on schele. Finally, on June 6, Walter achieved the first step toward realizing his goal.
本文中起承上启下的词语有两种,一种是转换词语(transitional words or phrases),另一种是起转换作用的其他连接手段(linking devices)。前者依次有:first, though, so, in particular, and, because, however, besides, as a result, both…and, consequently, and, finally.后者依次是:he, he, his, his, he, these, them, he, those, his, he, these, his. 本段中共有词汇105个,所使用的转换词语及其他连接用语共26个词,约占该段总词汇量的四分之一。由此可见,掌握好transitions不仅对行文的流(smoothness)有益,而且对于学生在半个小时内写足四级短文所要求的120个词也是不无好处的。
一个段落里如果没有transitions也就很难有coherence了。我们看下面一个例子:Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds. Writing uses written symbols. Speech developed about 500 000 years ago. Written language is a recent development. It was invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal. The word choice of writing is often relatively formal. Pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from. Pronunciation and accent are ignored in writing. A standard diction and spelling system prevails in the written language of most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and rise and fall of the voice. Writing lacks gesture, loudness and the rise and fall of the voice. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.
本段中除了第6句开头出现一个起过渡作用的”it”之外,没有使用其他的过渡词语。这样,文中出现许多重复的词语,全段读起来也显得生硬而不自然。如果加上必要的过渡词语来修饰的话,这一段就成了下面一个流畅连贯的段落:
Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds; writing, on the other hand, uses written symbols. Speech was developed about 500 000 years ago, but written language is a recent development, invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal, while the word choice of writing, by contrast, is often relatively formal. Although pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from, they are ignored in wiring because a standard diction and spelling system prevails in most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and the rise and fall of the voice, but writing lacks these features. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.
4、有损连贯性的几种情况:
考生在写作中经常出现下面几种错误:
1、不必要的改变时态,比如:
In the movie, Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him, so he takes refuge with Julie Christie. At her house, he had waited for the heat to die down, but they come after him anyway.
2、不必要的改变单复数,比如:
Everybody looks for satisfaction in his life. They want to be happy. But if he seeks only pleasure in the short run, the person will soon run out of pleasure and life will catch up to him. They need to pursue the deeper pleasure of satisfaction in work and in relationships.
3、不必要的改变人称,比如:
Now more than ever, parents need to be in touch with their children's activities because modern life has the tendency to cause cleavages in the family. You need to arrange family like it so that family members will do things together and know one another. You need to give up isolated pleasures of your own and realize that parents have a set of obligations to sponsor togetherness and therefore sponsor knowledge.
因此写作中,一定要注意时态,人称以及数的变化是否正确,要注意保持一致。
❻ 英语写作的重要性及如何提升
一、英语写作的重要性
1.英语写作能帮助我们提高使用英语的准确性只要写一个句子,更不用说一段,一篇,就要力求句法,用词,拼写,标点等完全正确,而且与前后句紧密连贯。写和说不同,写好后可以检查修改,而一次修改就是一次提高。写得越多,语言就会越准确。2.练习英语写作能扩大词汇量 口语所使用的语言一般是比较简单和常用的。而在用英语写作时,所使用的语言则是多种多样的。从极简单到较复杂的语言都要使用,所使用的词汇和句型也比口语中使用的要多得多,这对英语词汇量的扩大有很大帮助。3.写作训练能帮助我们提高逻辑思考及分析问题的能力写一篇作文,不论长短,都需要妥善地组织材料,得出结论,作到重点突出,条理清楚。这样,在锻炼写作能力的同时,也锻炼了分析与处理问题的能力。4.英语写作对阅读,听力,口语,翻译等各方面都有促进作用 自己知道写作的甘苦,对别人的写作技巧就会乐于学习。分析问题的能力提高了,听别人说话就会善于抓住要点。语言质量提高了,口语也会准确一些。
二、怎样写好英语作文
1.打好扎实的英语语言基础 要写好英语作文,首先必须掌握一定数量的英语单词。此外,还得掌握好一定的英语语法知识。若有不太清楚的地方,应通过查阅语法书和词典来逐步解决,不能偷懒,随便乱写。2.广泛进行英语阅读 专业作家的秘密之一就是:阅读,阅读,再阅读。杜甫说“读书破万卷,下笔如有神”。敏感的阅读,使人产生灵感,使人对生平从未遇到的问题作出符合逻辑的或感情上的响应。阅读其他人的文章,并不是为了如法炮制,但我们可以把从其他作品中学到的东西融化到自己的文体和技巧中去。当我们发现一段文章比自己能写出的任何东西好得多的时候,坐下来,对它进行反复研究琢磨。它好在哪里?就同一题目,这位作者做了哪些我们不能做到的事情?模仿别人技术上的长处,对习作者来说极有益处。但仅靠阅读是不行的,因为它可以被用作不动笔的借口,还会成为一种麻醉剂。因此要记住:阅读是为了写作。3.掌握一定的英语写作技巧 英语写作有许多技巧,如怎样选词,造句,怎样展开段落,各种体裁的英语作文应怎样布局谋篇等。只有对这些基本的写作技巧加以掌握,才能在英语写作时得心应手。
❼ 如何有效提高中学生英语写作能力
如何提高中学生英语写作能力
众所周知英语写作是中学生语言综合运用能力的具体体现,但也是中学生们一个较为薄弱的学习环节,经常出现的问题可能有:单词拼写错误,语法错误、句子结构有误,连贯性缺失、中式英语等等。面对现状,本文试从日常的教学实践出发,就如何提高英语写作能力谈谈个人的看法和建议。
一、明确中学生英语写作能力教学的重要意义。
首先,英语写作能力教学有助于中学生获取课内外信息,提高自己的自学能力;其次有效英语写作能力训练能帮助中学生建立合作机制,促进全体中学生的互动发展;再次,写作能力教学中倡导形成性评价方法,让每位中学生感受到成功的学习过程及乐趣;最后,英语写作能力教学过程中注重立体的系统性训练,提高中学生的整体英语素质及各种能力的养成。
二、 通过阅读和模仿,扩大词汇量,丰富表达手段。增强中学生英语写作基本能力
学生在写作中最大的问题是词汇量不足,这明显与平时不重视词汇积累有关。作为一名学生,仅靠精读、泛读的阅读量是远远不够的,还需要有意识地扩大阅读量。阅读是掌握语言知识、打好语言基础、获得信息的重要渠道。多读书,多积累知识,多观察生活,是写好文章的必要准备。比如,经常浏览一些英文报刊杂志以及根据自己的喜好和实际水平有选择地阅读一些英语读物,都对提高写作水平有帮助。在阅读中,我们要多记忆一些常用词汇,归纳分析一些同义词、近义词、反义词、相关习语以及固定搭配,以扩大词汇量。通过阅读,我们也可以比较全面地了解和掌握词语、句型和篇章结构等知识。另外,在阅读过程中,还要善于总结一些典型句型,尽可能多地背诵一些精彩段落、重要章节,以培养自己的语感,为写作积累素材。模仿好的句式结构或背诵范文也是提高英语写作水平的极好途径。模仿有利于我们学习地道的英语表达法以及提高写作技巧和技能。平时遇见好的文章,把它们按照不同体裁和主题整理出一些范文,尽力背诵下来。如果有二、三十篇不同类型的好文章烂熟于胸,自然对写文章会有所借鉴,也不会感到束手无策。
三、通过教师的引导,使中学生英语写作能力水平更上一层楼。
传统的教学模式是一种重结果的写作教学,它强调语法,句法,词汇和拼写等句子层面上的教学,写作的内容和写作的过程往往被忽略。有效的写作教学应该是一种重过程的教学,应该将学生和学生的需求置于师生间交互学习的中心。教学力求营造一种气氛使学生能够共享信息,互相帮助,把写作视为一个过程,而第一稿只是这个过程的开始,写作时敢于大胆尝试。传统的教学模式内容枯燥,手段单一,双向交流活动较少,难以全面培养学生的写作能力和调动学生的积极性,从而难以在真正意义上提高学生的语言交际能力。因此,教学中应尽可能丰富教学手段。在写作课的训练过程中,教师应把技能教学纳入教学的主要内容之中,多结合实例教学生一些英语写作技巧,并根据教学内容的难易度,组织丰富多彩的教学活动和创造真实的语言环境,以培养学生的写作兴趣,让学生在语境中准确用词,掌握技巧,提高写作能力。另外,现代多媒体技术也应该引入到写作教学中。教师可以把因特网上丰富的资源引入到课堂教学中来,让学生通过因特网上的英语写作资源了解最新的发展动向,同时参与在线交流,促进语言的学习。在老师的引导与辅导下,学生通过亲身的探索与实践,找到并充分利用适合自己的因特网写作资源,这样不仅有利于培养学生独立学习的能力,还使个别化教学成为可能。这种信息化教学既能丰富教学手段,又能充实教学内容,还能激发学生的学习兴趣,提高教学效果。
最后,还要抓好英语写作教学“五化”的落实,即中学英语写作要求层次化,写作形式多样化,写作内容生活化,写作教学过程化和写作反馈公开化。
总之,写作能力不是一朝一夕就可以提高的,需要多方面因素的有机结合。在“教”和“学”这对矛盾中,“学”是主体,起决定作用,“教”也起着至关重要的主导作用。因此,学生除不断巩固自身的语言基础和写作技巧外,还要坚持写作实践;教师也应不断反思自己的教学行为,更新观念,更新教学方法,力争提高中学生英语写作的实效。
❽ 初中英语写作课的重要性
当然是很重要吧,因为我们说初中英语写作的话,如果写得好。到后期发展是不可生存