① 高一英语写作课教案中的教学目标怎么写
Teaching Aims
1.To get the students to appreciating remarks on friendship or friends.
2.To enable the students to write a short story about friends or friendships.
Teaching Proceres
Step 1 Discussion
Now, I found 500 pounds in Roy’s pocket. Did Roy steal the money from the charity? Someone says ‘yes’, someone says ‘no’. If Roy did steal the money from the charity, shall I tell the teacher or call the police? If Roy didn’t steal the money, what should I do?
Discuss it in groups of four .
Collect answers from students. Draw a conclusion; whether Roy stole the money or not, we help him all the same. Because we’re friends. Friends are the ones we can get help from and we can trust.
In this unit, we have talked a lot about friends and friendship, knowing the importance of friends. And what do you think of a friend or friendship?
How to keep friendship?List good qualities and bad qualities a friend may have.
Suggested answers:
Good qualities:
outgoing hospitable considerate enthusiastic friendly kind polite honest loyal brave positive optimistic smart intelligent modest generous determined responsible mature
Bad qualities:
dishonest unfriendly dishonest rude impolite selfish lazy careless pessimistic Brainstorming:
Step 2 Writing
Describe a problem you had with a friend and give advice on how to keep friends.
Suggested expressions:
close, trust, chat, be on good terms, get on very well, keep in touch, get to know, personal matters, be similar to , considerate, warm hearted, honest,
一些有关友谊的名言警句如：
On friends and friendship:
A true friend is one soul in two bodies. (---Aristotle)
A friend in need is a friend indeed. (---Ray)
Be slow in choosing a friend; slower in changing.(---Benjamin Franklin)
A friend is a present which you give yourself. (---Robert Louis Stevenson)
Fate chooses your relatives, you choose your friends. (---Abbe Jacques Deille)
A faithful friend is the medicine of life. (---William Shakespeare)
The bird a nest, the spider a web, man friendship.(---William Blake)
We choose our friend by instinct, but we keep them by judgment. (---Alfred Capus)
Friendship is love without his wings. (---George Gordon Byron)
True friendship is a plant of slow growth.(---George Washington)
Sample:
Friendship is one of the most valuable relationship in our lives, it may even last through you whole life. I have a good friend. Sometimes I argue with my friend. For example, once we discussed a problem of our homework, as we held different ideas and wanted to persuade each other, we argued a lot. However, after we found the correct answer, the one that was wrong apologized at once. No matter how often we quarreled and what we quarreled for, we are good friends for ever.
My favourite proverb says ' friend are like stars, you don’t always see them, but you know they re always there.' Thats true, indeed friends are willing to help you all the time. When you are down ,friends raise you up with their hearts .When you lose your way, friends guide you and pull you to the right way. When you have sorrow to complain of, friends are always the best ears for you.
So please cherish your friends, because everyone of them is unique and precious. Getting along with friends is just like growing plants. We must use patience, trust, and honesty as fertilizer to make friendship stonger. And never forget ,plants need sunshine, so do friends. Often give them some warm and you will find your hearts are getting closer.
Friendship stands on both sides , so the more you give and the more you will get . Remember, the key is your sincere heart.
Step 3 Promotion and Homework
1)Assign another writing task based on the following information:
What do you think of a friend or friendship?
How to keep friendship?
2） Instruct the students to write and revise by themselves.
3) Let the students hand in their final copies.
4) Select some good samples to read to the whole class.
Suggested sample:
Friendship is the most important things in life. Good friend would like to help you when you met some troubles. Real good friends could put each other in their hearts. Real friendship is like the spring rivers flowing down the mountains, silently. Everybody is looking forward to meeting real friends.
How to find real friendship and keep it? I think it is like you planting a big tree. You should choose good seeds and take care of it to make it grow. Almost the same thoughts between each other is on base. Maybe fight also will happen. How to do? To make real friend, you don't be shy to explain your thoughts to the other. Try your best to keep friendship forever. It is necessary to tell the truth and respect each other.
教学实施过程：
针对学生这样的实际情况，并受任务型教学法启示“任务型教学理论实际上就是建立在讨论或交流教学思路的基础上的,是交流教学思路的一种发展形态,英语教学要以学生为中心,教师要为学生设计运用语言的环境,通过大量的交流活动总结和掌握语言的规律,并在交流活动中实践,从而达到目的.”我对每模块后的书面表达内容的教学作了调整，这样处理：即把写作课变成讨论和写作并存的活动课，并在活动课中备有相关的多媒体内容或音乐，使学生在真切愉快的情景中搜集写作素材，完成写作内容，最后达到激发学生写作兴趣，提高写作技能并促进其他几种技能的效果。具体教学过程如下：
第一步，确定题目后，教师启发学生思考，回忆写作中所需要的相关词汇，必要时通过多媒体展示相关内容，然后教师在黑板上进行总结或借助多媒体把关键词语呈现给学生.例如外研版教材Book6 Mole3 Interpersonal relationship___ Friendship,该模块的写作任务讲述朋友之间所产生的矛盾问题，并提出建议如何保持友谊：Describing a problem you had with a friend and giving advice on how to keep friends教师可先展示一些有关友谊或本班同学相处的图片、幻灯片、音乐等,以激发学生的学习兴趣。然后教师可引导学生说说自己的好朋友，尽可能用到本模块所学过的词汇：close, trust, chat, be on good terms, get on very well, keep in touch, get to know, personal matters, be similar to, considerate, warmhearted, honest, 等等。
第二步，分组讨论（均匀分配不同程度的学生），要求学生围绕写作话题借助有关词汇，人人动口，积极思维:1.Who is your good friend? 2. How do you become good friends? 3. Have you ever quarreled with each other? 4.What’s the problem? 5. Have you made up? 6. What should you do to keep your friendship? 等, 并让学生各抒己见,提供出不同的词语句型，如1.I’ve known him/her for ... 2.We first met six years ago...I remember meeting him/her for the first time 3.We have much in common. 4. I not only...but also... 5.I suggest that... 6.Why not...? 7.Can’t we ...? 8. What about...? 9. Friendship is both... and... 10. If we... , we can...等也可提供一些有关友谊的名言警句如：On friends and friendship:
A true friend is one soul in two bodies. (---Aristotle)
A friend in need is a friend indeed. (---Ray)
Be slow in choosing a friend; slower in changing. (---Benjamin Franklin)
A friend is a present which you give yourself. (---Robert Louis Stevenson)
Fate chooses your relatives, you choose your friends. (---Abbe Jacques Deille)
A faithful friend is the medicine of life. (---William Shakespeare)
The bird a nest, the spider a web, man friendship. (---William Blake)
We choose our friend by instinct, but we keep them by judgment. (---Alfred Capus)
Friendship is love without his wings. (---George Gordon Byron)
True friendship is a plant of slow growth.(---George Washington)
同时教师提醒学生在讨论中尽量使用正确的时态、语态并用英语交流。这一步也是学生英文写作收集写作素材的过程。教师可参考与到各个组中，帮助学生解决疑难问题，并根据不同的写作内容和各小组的实际水平适当给他们提供一些新的词汇，同时鼓励那些平时不善于言谈的学生开口交流和帮助基础较差的学生。通过不断的教学实践，我发现：在这种活动或情景之下，学生无拘无束，大胆热烈讨论，加之教师的指导，写作的素材自然获得不少。最后每组选一位代表执笔完成书面表达，并在时间允许内在全班朗读；
第三步，教师进行总结归纳： Friendship is a kind of human relations. It is a human instinct to make friends. When in trouble, we need friends to offer us help, support and encouragement. With success achieved, we also need friends to share our joys. .Long live friendship! 同时再次强调写作中所需的时态、语态和学生写作过程中容易犯的错误等关键问题。而后要求学生课后完成各自的写作内容并上交作业。
第四步，作文评价是个意义重大的环节，可采用以下评价机制，包括学生自评→学生互评→教师评价→全班反馈→范文共赏五个环节。
学生参与情况：
运用这种教学方式，我所教的班级学生普遍反映：这种讨论和写作的方式更适合他们，因为气氛活跃，让人觉得轻松，通过小组的讨论、互相帮助和老师的指引，较容易搜集到写作素材,而且参考小组素材再结合自己的观点，就更容易下手写作了。每个小组都能写出较为优秀的文章，而且，学生完成作业情况非常好，能充分运用课上所讲的相关词汇和表达方式，有些同学的文章写得相当好，可以作为范文展示学习。总而言之，这种写作教学法既激发了学生的写作兴趣，又提高了他们的口语表达能力，同时还培养了他们的群体合作精神，而且也达到了师生互动交流。
② 如何书写教师资格考试高中英语语法课教学目标和重难点
一、高中英语语法课的教学目标：可以从以下三个方面来确定：一是版知识目标，二是能力权目标，三是情感目标。
知识目标，从语言基础知识的角度出发，传授给学生某一个具体的语法点的特点和用法。
能力目标，在教学过程中具体学习什么语法知识，就练习这种语法知识的运用技能。
情感目标，主要是通过这堂课，提升学生的学习兴趣、培养学生克服困难的能力、以及合作学习的精神等。
二、高中英语语法课的重点难点：主要是学生掌握语法结构、功能和使用规则。另外，培养学生探索或发现问题，并能通过自学或者合作的方式解决问题的探究精神，培养学生乐于探究的精神，培养学生勇于克服困难的勇气等。也应该是重点、难点的一部分。
③ 高中英语教案范文
供参考的范例
Mole 1 Unit 2 Heroes Lesson 1 Modern Heroes
说课教案
（一） 教学内容
1． 本课是Unit 2 heroes Lesson 1 Modern Heroes 的第一课时。本单元分别介绍了National hero， History makers，Sports stars 和 Superhero。这几篇文章的主题都是hero，但涉及的领域不同，它们融会贯通，承上启下，融为一体。
2． 本课是介绍National Hero，是学生比较熟悉和感兴趣的话题，前部分需要介绍杨利伟和神州五号，让学生掌握有关词汇；后一部分是介绍杨利伟乘坐神州五号宇宙飞船遨游太空的情况。
3． 本课文出现了较多的定语从句，还有生词较多（有些单词表没有而初中又没有学过），在这样的困难前提下，我引导学生通过 culture and background knowledge，结合课本内容丰富自己的知识面，拓宽学生对航天知识的了解，让学生了解航天英雄的成功之路，激发他们的民族自豪感。
（二） 学生分析
1． 组成情况
职业高中高一学生年龄都在14－16岁之间，大多数学生由于初中的知识基础打得不扎实，而且缺乏主动学习的能动性，自学能力差，对学习没有持有探究性和方向性，也没有养成良好英语学习习惯，所以学习成绩不太理想。
2． 学生的知识与技能水平
职业高中招生的学生，基础知识比较薄弱，甚至连音标都不会读，词汇的掌握范围狭窄，影响了阅读，听力和作文。学生的表达能力还是停留在比较低级的水平，面对每幅图片或某个主题只能说出一两句话，而且在阅读上，未能掌握泛读和精读的技巧和方法，课后的预习和复习能力较差，缺乏总结归纳的能力。
3． 学生已掌握的学习策略
尽管学生的知识和技能水平一般，但经过了一定时间的训练后，他们还是掌握了pair work, group work, using the culture and background knowledge的阅读技巧。
（三） 教学目标
1． 通过快速阅读文章，学生能够对每段文章进行归纳总结，准确地把段落主题与所给的headings联系起来。
2． 通过仔细阅读，学生能够回答关于文章的细节问题。
3． 通过进一步阅读，学生能够学生能用英语对采访自己心目中的民族英雄。并尝试复述课文。
（四） 教学策略
教学方法：使用交际法，充分调动学生的积极性，积极参与到课堂教学中，通过师生互动，小组表演的形式，完成各种任务，以达到完成教学任务的途径。
（五） 教学过程
第一步 导入
T: Good morning, Everyone! Do you like watching movies? Do you know Jet Lee (李连杰)？Do you know one of his famous movie called HERO? What does ‘hero’ mean? Who are the heroes in your heart? Do you know Yan Liwei, our national hero?
第二步 介绍文章人物
T: Open your books, and turn to page 100 and 101. Let’s read two passages about Shenzhou V and Yang Liwei.
Shenzhou V is China’s first manned spaceship. It lifted off at 9 a.m. on Wednesday, October 15th, 2003 in Jiuquan, Gansu Province. It was carrying Yang Liwei. It was launched very successfully and landed in Inner Mongolia safely.
Yang Liwei is China’s first astronaut. He was a pilot in the army. He was chosen from 1,500 other army pilots and started training for his space flight in 1998. During the 21-hour space flight, he circled the earth 14 times. When the spaceship was doing its seventh circle, Yang Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations, expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully.
介绍文章时，展示文章中的生词，让学生猜测词意，带读并加以巩固。
第三步 阅读文章
（1） Fast Reading
呈现六个headings，让学生快速阅读，要求归纳每段的主题。
a. Astronaut lands safely
b. Welcome home
c. International good wished
d. An exciting lift-off
e. Introtion
f. During the flight
学生单个回答并集体讨论改正错误。
(2) Careful Reading
学生通过fast reading,完成了headings后，基本对课文有一定的了解，然后呈现出五道问题，要求学生再进行第二次阅读，对课文进行更深入的了解。
1. How did Yang Liwei feel ing the flight? How did he feel afterwards?
2. What did Yang Liwei do ring the Shenzhou V’s seventh circle of the earth?
3. How many circles did the spaceship complete while Yang Liwei was sleeping?
4. What were helicopters doing as Yang Liwei returned to the earth’s atmosphere?
5. What did Yang Liwei do when he came out of the spaceship?
第四步 巩固练习
通过两次阅读让学生对课文熟悉，训练学生的阅读速度和解题技巧，最后通过ask and answer in pairs，培养学生的口语能力，并强迫他们记住文章的主要内容，为下一步语言运用打下基础。
第五步 语言运用
为提高学生对生活中的热点问题发表自己观点的能力，让学生运用自己学过的语言知识，对自己心目中的民族英雄进行模拟采访。把全班同学分成若干个小组，每个小组有一名同学扮演“杨利伟”，其他同学为全国各地新闻媒体记者，他们自由设计问题，对“杨利伟”进行采访。
教师巡视课堂，发现表现出色的小组，让他们到台前表演。
教师总结评价。
第六步 布置作业
让学生准备复述杨利伟的故事，要求说出自己的民族自豪感。
A Teaching Plan for Unit 3 Celebration Lesson 1 Festivals
HUANG SHUI PING
General objectives:
1.To read to learn the main Chinese seasonal festivals and their history origin and meanings.
2.To help them learn some phrasal verbs and functional items about the topic and try to use them.
Language aim:
1.Phrases:
Be celebrated by, fall on , mark, be decorated with, tradition/traditional, serve, take part in, get together
2.important sentences:
The Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated by Chinese people.
The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
It marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year.
Ability aim:
1).Improving the ability of getting the general information and specific information from reading a text.
2). Using own words to describe some important Chinese festivals.
Emotion aim:
To promote students’ qualities of a patriotism(爱国主义精神，爱国心) by learning the main Chinese festivals and learn their history origin and their meanings。
Teaching important points and difficult points:
1).To get information from reading
2).To talk about festivals freely in English.
Teaching methods:
Brainstorming, task-based teaching method , heuristic teaching method , group work.
Teaching aids:
a recorder, a computer, and blackboard
Teaching proceres:
Step1. Greeting and reviewing.
Greet the class as usual.
Ask: what we can celebrate in our life? Get students to answer using the key words in warming up. eg,
Graation, a birthday, Christmas, passing an exam, winning a scholarship, a sporting victory, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the New Year, a wedding, Halloween, the Dragon Boat Festival
Step2. Leading-in.
Show students many pictures of different seasons on the screen , asking: What’s your favourite season? Why? Help students answer using the words that they have already learned. Then ask: What festivals happen ring your favourite seasons? Show more pictures about different festivals on the screen to help them to answer.
Students can work together to answer this question. Eg,
T:What is your favorite season? What festivals happen ring your favorite season? ( have a discussion)
(S1: I liker summer. There are Children’s Day, Dragon-boat Festival and Mother’s Day.
S2: My favorite season is winter. They are Spring Festival and Lantern Festival and Christmas Day.
S3: ……
T：Well done. Thank you.
Explain the differences between Day and Festival.
Step3.While-reading
Activity1.Fast-reading
Get students to read the text quickly, match the pictures with the festivals.
Activity2. Guessing.
Show some describing sentences on the screen to let students read and guess the names of the three festivals .
Activity3. Careful-reading
This time let students read the text carefully and get more detailed information to fill in the table of exercise3 on page36.
Ask some students to report their answers to the class.
Step4. Practice
Play the tape for the students to listen and ask them to fill in the blanks according the text.
1.The Mid-Autumn Festival happens in September or______. it is important because it is a special _____ for family.
2. There are many different kinds of mooncakes ____ fruit, coffee, chocolate and so on.
3. The ____ ____ Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar year.
4.The Dragon boat race marks the _____ of the hottest season of the year.
5.________Festival marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebration.
Step5. Post-reading.
Let students discuss with a partner and answer the following question.
Which festival in China is most important for children? Young people? Old people? Women and men?
Then ask some students to give a report.
Step6. Homework.
1. do the exercise 9 on Page 37
2. remember the new words in Lesson One.
3. use your own words to describe a festival that you are familiar with.
Step7. Blackboard design.
Lesson 1 Festivals
The Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated by Chinese people.
The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
It marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year.
④ 如何将高中整体写作教学目标进行
如何将高中整体写作教学目标进行
内容摘要 传统的高中英语写作教学缺乏系统性和渐进性, 而新课程标准背景下提出的高中英语写作教学的三个境界—“准确表达”“流畅表达”和“自由表达” ，既是一个写作训练渐次递升的系列过程，又是不同层次学生的多元化评价方法，有利于学生不断反思和调控自己的学习过程，形成有效的学习策略；有利于学生认识自我，树立自信，从而促进综合语言运用能力的提高，充分体现了课程标准的新理念：以学生为本，倡导体验、实践、参与、合作与交流，让每个学生都有成功的喜悦。 关键词 课程标准 高中英语写作 教学目标 多元化评价
高中英语写作教学目标之“三境界”
内容摘要
传统的高中英语写作教学缺乏系统性和渐进性, 而新课程标准背景下提出的高中英语写作教学的三个境界—“准确表达”“流畅表达”和“自由表达” ，既是一个写作训练渐次递升的系列过程，又是不同层次学生的多元化评价方法，有利于学生不断反思和调控自己的学习过程，形成有效的学习策略；有利于学生认识自我，树立自信，从而促进综合语言运用能力的提高，充分体现了课程标准的新理念：以学生为本，倡导体验、实践、参与、合作与交流，让每个学生都有成功的喜悦。
关键词 课程标准 高中英语写作 教学目标 多元化评价
传统的高中英语写作教学缺乏系统性和渐进性, 一个原因是旧大纲对写作要求过于简单,二是教材的编写对写作教学缺乏系统性和针对性。又因为对高考的急功近利，教师往往过早让学生写超出他们能力范围的作文，并以学生的作文作为最后的成果进行修改、评分的依据，这样实际上阻碍了学生的进步。这种习作法过分注重写作结果，忽视学生在学习活动中的主体作用。Graves认为应该提倡教师帮助学生理解和内化写作的全部过程。与“注重结果式”教学模式相比，“注重过程式”教学模式将写作教学的重点放在培养学生写作过程中的认知能力和策略运用上，它不仅重视学习结果，更重视学习过程，可以从语言形式上和写作程序上培养学生良好的写作习惯，加强学生的写作技巧，充分体现新课程标准的理念：以学生为本，倡导体验、实践、参与、合作与交流，让每个学生都有成功的喜悦。基于此，笔者提出高中英语写作教学目标的三个“境界”，即“准确表达”“流畅表达”和“自由表达” ，并在2004年秋开始的新课改中进行了实践，取得了良好效果。这三个目标既是一个写作训练渐次递升的系列过程，又是不同层次学生的多元化评价方法，这样有利于学生不断反思和调控自己的学习过程，形成有效的学习策略；有利于学生认识自我，树立自信，从而促进综合语言运用能力的提高。
一、准确表达
写作是运用语言传递书面信息的手段，首先要求学生要有扎实的语言功底来准确无误地表达自己的思想，这就需要学生的语言文字必须精确，词汇和句型运用自如，文体和语域运用合理。
1．语言符号规则的准确
进入高中阶段的学生，已经掌握了一定的语言符号规则，如简单的语法，一定量的词汇，但还很不全面，不系统，要想达到写作中语言符号规则的准确，还需要大量基础强化训练。新课程高中教科书都有许多基础性的写的练习，如人教版NSEFC中的Learning about Language 和练习册的词汇、语法练习，这类训练学生自由选择语言的余地很少，包括词汇填空，完成句子，组句，替换练习，翻译等，其目的是确保学生的语法准确。这种练习切不可认为简单而弃之不用，实际上是培养写作基本功的重要形式，是写作教学的基础阶段。陶行知说过，“学习就是培养习惯”，因此，包括简单的标点、大小写、主谓一致、时态、单复数等都要严格要求，一丝不苟。
另外，词汇是写作必不可少的基本要素之一。通常学生在用词方面除了词汇量太少还有就是学过的词用不好。如同义词的重复使用、修饰语的滥用、搭配不当、选词不确切、词性混淆、动词形式误用等。在教学中，教师应在整体理解课文的基础上引导学生在语境中学习新词语。在词汇教学中，要让学生把一个词的音形性义全面记住，尤其是词性，这一点常常被学生，甚至是老师忽略，这是学生写作中词性混淆主要原因；要注意把词和意义结合起来，注重语言的信息性，要通过英文解释和大量的例句来学习词汇，尤其写作常用的积极活跃词汇。词性和词义是词汇教学的重之重。
英语属于结构语言，它有自己的基本句型、固定搭配、固定短语等，这些都是不可变的，要想在写作中用上它们，用好它们，必须加强这方面的基本训练，如五种基本句型结构教学。几乎所有的英语句型都是五种句型的扩大、延伸或变化，因此要抓住五种基本句型的训练和扩展训练，让他们把这五种基本句型记牢，灵活运用。还要注意英语习惯语的学习，认真研究句法。英语句子千变万化，但万变不离其中，熟练掌握和运用基本句型，不同的句子成分所对应的词性类别，并做到举一反三是至关重要的。教师可在每节课开始时利用三、五分钟的时间让学生做一些翻译练习，复习一些常见句型。英译汉、汉译英可交替进行，使他们能既快又好地掌握各种常见句型。另外，要灵活地运用各种地道的英语句子，必须注意英语与汉语在表达方式上的一些差异。教师可适时地在课堂在归纳讲解典型的汉式英语的纠正方法和避免方法，同时鼓励学生多朗读课文、背诵佳句，这是一个传统又实用的好办法。葛传规教授在其专著《英语写作》(The Writing of English)中谈到解决中国学生用英语写作的困难时说：“You ought to read very carefully. Not only very carefully，but also aloud，and that again and again till you know the passage by heart and write it as if it were your own.”由此我们看到熟读成诵对写作是多么重要。因此，平时要鼓励和指导学生多读多练，坚持不懈，熟能生巧，使地道的英语句子如同条件反射，学生自编自造的困扰师生的汉式英语问题就迎刃而解了。
当然，足量的强化训练才能解决语言符号规则的准确性问题，这个阶段要视不同学生情况要持续很长时间，切不可急于求成，用一些所谓的模板填空方式速成英语写作是救急行为，不是英语写作教学的正确方法。
2．文体格式和语域使用的准确
语法正确的句子并不一定是好的句子，这其中牵涉到语域的因素。但是，传统中学英语写作教学缺乏对词汇语域概念的讲解，不仅学生，甚至中学英语教师也要加强这一方面的学习。我们在教学实践中，经常发现有些学生的习作语法没问题，但读完总是感觉别扭，原因常常是文体格式和词汇语域使用的不合理。口头交际时，不要使用正式语体；同样，书面交流时，就要避免用随意语体。如photograph与photo均可指照片、图片，但photograph是newspaper language，属于正式体，一般常见于报刊杂志，而photo则是随便体，使用较为自由，这就是语域功能的差异造成的。
普通高中《英语课程标准（实验）》在语言技能部分对写的技能目标作了描述，要求比过去高了许多，而且更加具体。不同的等级对写作能力的要求中，多次提到文体。所附的写作评价标准中明确提到：对学生的作文主要从内容要点、语言使用效果、结构和连贯性、格式和语域以及与目标读者的交流五个方面进行评价，这是新课标中既新又高的写作要求。高中阶段要求学生写的语体逐渐由口语变为书面语，由非正式到正式，体裁也逐渐增多，由书信、便条、摘要、日记、通知等发展到简短的叙事、说明、讨论、报告、新闻报道、广告、故事、传记等。
Hyland博士曾指出，学生的绝大多数语篇语域知识是通过在写作中表达自己的思想获得的。什么是冷漠体，正式体，商量体，随便体，亲密体，正式体，半正式体，公共体，半非正式体，非正式体等只有在语篇环境或讲话者的口吻中才能体会出来。所以，我们在学生英语写作之初时，引导他们弄清所写文章的语域情况是十分重要的，因为这将决定我们在写作时如何选词组句。写作中语域的使用应合乎规范，在选择词语时，注意使用词语中最具普遍性的意义。要多模仿原汁原味的精美句型、短文，使用比喻、借代、典故等不能生搬硬套，必须理解其文化背景，适应交际的需要，符合词语规范化的原则。语域的使用还要准确贴切，合乎逻辑；前后一致。如不能准确地理解词语的词义就去跨域使用，必将会出现词不达义、张冠李戴的现象。比如要表达的是演讲稿、发言稿，则语言必须符合口语习惯，随意体较为受欢迎，如果过多地采用正式体则显得教条、呆板，缺乏应有的生机活力，语言也就没有感染力。要避免滥用语域，为追求新奇、标新立异或故作高深，有人不顾是否达到与目标读者交流的目的，把词语跨域使用作为一种新颖、超常的言语方式大加运用，必将适得其反。中国学生易受发展性因素和汉语负迁移的影响，过分依赖于汉语运用的感觉且表现出明显的口语化现象，偏离了原汁原味英语语篇运用的常规。因此，作为学生在英语学习过程中，要多分析语言现象，注意词汇句型的语域功能，多积累，多感知，多体会，方能为写出好文章打下坚实的基础。
总之，只有充分理解语域的内涵及其功能特点，才能把握好普通高中《英语课程标准（实验）》准对中学写作的新要求。
二、流畅表达
要提高英语写作水平，除了语言基础方面的训练，还要训练写作方面的基本方法和技巧。在强化语言符号规则的准确性的同时，还要练习连句成段和学习作文的整体结构和布局谋篇。教给学生一些常用的有规律的段落写作方法，如列举事例、对比、分类、因果说明、定义、争议等等。注意用词要活，句子结构要多样化，因为一篇好的作文决不能反复地由一些简单的词语和简单句组成。教学中应引导学生分析理解文章中旬与句之间和段与段之间的逻辑关系，使用各种关系的连接词，使文章的整体结构具有逻辑性和流畅性。
人教版NSEFC中这种练习主要出现在学生用书的Using Language 和练习册中的writing task 部分，这里的写常与听、读和说紧密联系，而且给予学生比较详细的指导，甚至指明了写作的步骤和方法。培养学生谋篇的能力不是一日之功，它需要不断的积累。首先，要在阅读训练中体会文章整体结构特点。阅读是写作的基础，在阅读方面下的功夫越深，驾驭语言的能力也就越强。所以要写好英语先要读好英语，在语言学习方面狠下苦功，教科书要读透，因为教科书中的文章都是一些很好的范文，文笔流畅，语言规范，精彩的一些课文段落要背诵。再就是要进行大量课外阅读，并记住一些好文章的篇章结构。读的多了，不但可以提高同学们的阅读技能，提高阅读速度，也可以使他们从中学习到英语文章的整体结构是如何组织的。阅读和写作是相辅相成的，阅读中正确地引导学生进行语篇分析，找出主题句，分析扩展句，总结段落大意，把握作者的谋篇布局思路，总结概括文章大意都有助于培养学生的写作能力。其次，学写文章大意。在进行此项训练时，我们要求同学用文章中所出现的关键词、短语简明扼要地把课文内容进行总结概括。课本中的很多文章选材很好，都可以用来进行此项练习。这样做不但巩固了所学词汇，同时他们也从中学会了发展文章的常用方法，另一方面也为今后进行同一类型的写作积累了信息资料。
三、自由表达
要使学生享有“作者”的成功感，就得让他们由“要我写”转变为“我要写”，在学生一步步提高了写的技能之后就要指导水平较高的学生进行功能性或自由写作。这一阶段的写作成为真实的写作，也是《课程标准》对写作目标的最高要求。这个阶段写出来的文章表达的应该是个人的观点和态度，表达过程中语言是为思想服务的，能够灵活多变的运用各种句型结构等等。
这类活动主要出现在Writing task 和Project 之中。Project是《课程标准》新理念下的一个亮点，人教版NSEFC中的project位于每个单元的最后，它基于听说，阅读，语法以及task中分类能力训练之上，是从语言输入逐步过渡到综合能力输出的结果。project 是一种开放性探究学习活动，要求学生在老师的指导下，通过小组协作，利用课上及课外时间完成他们自己选定的课题。在project 教学中教材只是学生可利用资源的一小部分，要把眼光投向更广阔的网络资源、报刊杂志等，学会更好的占有学习资料，筛选，分析，组合，运用。
在教学实践中笔者发现，project对学生的要求较高，师生都面临很多问题和挑战，但是合理适当地实施project教学，符合新课标精神，符合信息时代的要求，符合多元化社会的需要，而且有利于开发学生的智力、使学生形成良好的性格、高尚的品格和坚强的意志。在project教学中，教师角色也趋向多元化。既是教学过程的设计者，教学过程的组织者，还是学习过程的促进者和评价者，学生情感的支持者。project 教学充分意识到学生的多元智能，提供给他们展现自我的机会，从而树立自信，提高学习兴趣，发展综合素质。
在project 教学中，学生之间的合作可以加强到最大化，自始至终一个任务的完成必须由小组每个成员通力合作，每个成员的责任分工明确，各司其职，努力克服英语学习中所遇到的困难，主动向他人求教；在英语交流中学会理解并尊重他人的意见；学会他人分享各种学习资源，这在当今社会尤为重要。托托尼斯（Birsen Tutunis，1995）认为：写作训练，特别是当每组人数多时，可以产生对所学语言的意识能力。学习既是个人的事，又不是个人完全能单独完成的。因语言有鲜明的社会性，离开人群、离开交际是很难学好的。
这一阶段以超出语言操作的层面，学生可以灵活的、富有想象力的运用语言创作，对于发展思维能力和创造力都将起到积极地作用。但要切忌拔苗助长，一步到位的做法。要从每个学生的实际水平出发，写作活动要根据学生的层次而设计，使之具有灵活性和选择性。
总之，英语写作教学是一个长期复杂的训练过程，不能一蹴而就，教师要对高中英语写作教学有宏观调控的思路，即从高一到高三的三年里如何通过所学教材渗透到学生本人，要思考教材内容与三个境界在什么地方是最佳结合点，从中找到合适的方法进行教学。“准确表达”仅仅是高中英语写作教学的一个底线要求，如果仅仅停留在语言操作这个层面上，就达不到课程标准的要求。在此基础上，写作教学还应该追求“流畅表达”， 进而步入“自由表达”的境界，同时还应关注学生情感态度的提升，学习策略的完善，以及文化意识的增强。只有这样，高中英语写作教学才能达到《普通高中英语课程标准》的要求，才能促进学生综合人文素养的提高，才能塑造出21世纪所需要的合格语言人才。
⑤ 高考英语作文万能模板
一、英语书信的常见写作模板：
开头部分：
How nice to hear from you again.
Let me tell you something about the activity.
I’m glad to have received your letter of Apr. 9th.
I’m pleased to hear that you’re coming to China for a visit.
I’m writing to thank you for your help ring my stay in America.
结尾部分：
With best wishes.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.
二、口头通知常见写作模板：
呼语及开场白部分：
Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make.
正文部分：
All the teachers and students are required to attend it.
Please take your notebooks and make notes.
Please listen carefully and we’ll have a discussion in groups.
Please come on time and don’t be late.
结束语部分：
Please come and join in it.
Everybody is welcome to attend it.
I hope you’ll have a nice time here.
That’s all. Thank you.
三、议论文模板
1.正反观点式议论文模板
导入：
第1段：Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... （导入话题）
Our opinions are divided on this topic.（观点有分歧）
正文：
第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.（正方观点）
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2-3个赞成的理由)
第3段：However, the others are strongly against it. （反方观点）
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2-3个反对的理由)
结论：
第4段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.（个人观点）
2.“A或者B”类议论文模板：
导入：
第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文：
第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因)
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1-2个B的优势)
结论：
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论)
3.观点论述类议论文模板：
导入：
第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. （亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对）
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. （过渡句，承上启下）
正文：
第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2-3个赞成或反对的理由)
结论：
第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... （照应第1段，构成"总—分—总"结构）
4."How to"类议论文模板：
导入：
第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文：
第2段：Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法)
结论：
第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)
四、图表作文写作模板：
The chart gives us an overall picture of the 图表主题. The first thing we notice is that 图表最大特点 . This means that as (进一步说明).
We can see from the statistics given that 图表细节一 . After 动词-ing 细节一中的第一个
变化， the动词-ed+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化) . The figures also tell us that图表细节二 . In
the column, we can see that accounts for (进一步描述).
Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that (结论). The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that (给出原因). / It is high time that we (发出倡议).
五、图画类写作模板
1.开头
Look at this picture./The picture shows that.../From this picture, we can see.../As is shown in the picture.../As is seen in the picture...
2.衔接句
As we all know, .../As is known to all,.../It is well known that.../In my opinion,.../As far as I am concerned,.../This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.
3.结尾句
In conclusion.../In brief.../On the whole.../In short.../In a word.../Generally speaking.../As has been stated...
⑥ 高一英语写作课教案中的教学目标怎么写
Teaching Aims
1.To get the students to appreciating remarks on friendship or friends.
2.To enable the students to write a short story about friends or friendships.
Teaching Proceres
Step 1 Discussion
Now, I found 500 pounds in Roy’s pocket. Did Roy steal the money from the charity? Someone says ‘yes’, someone says ‘no’. If Roy did steal the money from the charity, shall I tell the teacher or call the police? If Roy didn’t steal the money, what should I do?
Discuss it in groups of four .
Collect answers from students. Draw a conclusion; whether Roy stole the money or not, we help him all the same. Because we’re friends. Friends are the ones we can get help from and we can trust.
In this unit, we have talked a lot about friends and friendship, knowing the importance of friends. And what do you think of a friend or friendship?
How to keep friendship?List good qualities and bad qualities a friend may have.
Suggested answers:
Good qualities:
hospitable considerate enthusiastic friendly kind polite honest loyal brave positive optimistic smart intelligent modest generous determined responsible mature
Bad qualities:
dishonest unfriendly dishonest rude impolite selfish lazy careless pessimistic Brainstorming:
Step 2 Writing
Describe a problem you had with a friend and give advice on how to keep friends.
Suggested expressions:
close, trust, chat, be on good terms, get on very well, keep in touch, get to know, personal matters, be similar to , considerate, warm hearted, honest,
一些有关友谊的名言警句如：
On friends and friendship:
A true friend is one soul in two bodies. (---Aristotle)
A friend in need is a friend indeed. (---Ray)
Be slow in choosing a friend; slower in changing.(---Benjamin Franklin)
A friend is a present which you give yourself. (---Robert Louis Stevenson)
Fate chooses your relatives, you choose your friends. (---Abbe Jacques Deille)
A faithful friend is the medicine of life. (---William Shakespeare)
The bird a nest, the spider a web, man friendship.(---William Blake)
We choose our friend by instinct, but we keep them by judgment. (---Alfred Capus)
Friendship is love without his wings. (---George Gordon Byron)
True friendship is a plant of slow growth.(---George Washington)
Sample:
Friendship is one of the most valuable relationship in our lives, it may even last through you whole life. I have a good friend. Sometimes I argue with my friend. For example, once we discussed a problem of our homework, as we held different ideas and wanted to persuade each other, we argued a lot. However, after we found the correct answer, the one that was wrong apologized at once. No matter how often we quarreled and what we quarreled for, we are good friends for ever.
My favourite proverb says ' friend are like stars, you don’t always see them, but you know they re always there.' Thats true, indeed friends are willing to help you all the time. When you are down ,friends raise you up with their hearts .When you lose your way, friends guide you and pull you to the right way. When you have sorrow to complain of, friends are always the best ears for you.
So please cherish your friends, because everyone of them is unique and precious. Getting along with friends is just like growing plants. We must use patience, trust, and honesty as fertilizer to make friendship stonger. And never forget ,plants need sunshine, so do friends. Often give them some warm and you will find your hearts are getting closer.
Friendship stands on both sides , so the more you give and the more you will get . Remember, the key is your sincere heart.
Step 3 Promotion and Homework
1)Assign another writing task based on the following information:
What do you think of a friend or friendship?
How to keep friendship?
2） Instruct the students to write and revise by themselves.
3) Let the students hand in their final copies.
4) Select some good samples to read to the whole class.
Suggested sample:
Friendship is the most important things in life. Good friend would like to help you when you met some troubles. Real good friends could put each other in their hearts. Real friendship is like the spring rivers flowing down the mountains, silently. Everybody is looking forward to meeting real friends.
How to find real friendship and keep it? I think it is like you planting a big tree. You should choose good seeds and take care of it to make it grow. Almost the same thoughts between each other is on base. Maybe fight also will happen. How to do? To make real friend, you don't be shy to explain your thoughts to the other. Try your best to keep friendship forever. It is necessary to tell the truth and respect each other.
教学实施过程：
针对学生这样的实际情况，并受任务型教学法启示“任务型教学理论实际上就是建立在讨论或交流教学思路的基础上的,是交流教学思路的一种发展形态,英语教学要以学生为中心,教师要为学生设计运用语言的环境,通过大量的交流活动总结和掌握语言的规律,并在交流活动中实践,从而达到目的.”我对每模块后的书面表达内容的教学作了调整，这样处理：即把写作课变成讨论和写作并存的活动课，并在活动课中备有相关的多媒体内容或音乐，使学生在真切愉快的情景中搜集写作素材，完成写作内容，最后达到激发学生写作兴趣，提高写作技能并促进其他几种技能的效果。具体教学过程如下：
第一步，确定题目后，教师启发学生思考，回忆写作中所需要的相关词汇，必要时通过多媒体展示相关内容，然后教师在黑板上进行总结或借助多媒体把关键词语呈现给学生.例如外研版教材Book6 Mole3 Interpersonal relationship___ Friendship,该模块的写作任务讲述朋友之间所产生的矛盾问题，并提出建议如何保持友谊：Describing a problem you had with a friend and giving advice on how to keep friends教师可先展示一些有关友谊或本班同学相处的图片、幻灯片、音乐等,以激发学生的学习兴趣。然后教师可引导学生说说自己的好朋友，尽可能用到本模块所学过的词汇：close, trust, chat, be on good terms, get on very well, keep in touch, get to know, personal matters, be similar to, considerate, warmhearted, honest, 等等。
第二步，分组讨论（均匀分配不同程度的学生），要求学生围绕写作话题借助有关词汇，人人动口，积极思维:1.Who is your good friend? 2. How do you become good friends? 3. Have you ever quarreled with each other? 4.What’s the problem? 5. Have you made up? 6. What should you do to keep your friendship? 等, 并让学生各抒己见,提供出不同的词语句型，如1.I’ve known him/her for ... 2.We first met six years ago...I remember meeting him/her for the first time 3.We have much in common. 4. I not only...but also... 5.I suggest that... 6.Why not...? 7.Can’t we ...? 8. What about...? 9. Friendship is both... and... 10. If we... , we can...等也可提供一些有关友谊的名言警句如：On friends and friendship:
A true friend is one soul in two bodies. (---Aristotle)
A friend in need is a friend indeed. (---Ray)
Be slow in choosing a friend; slower in changing. (---Benjamin Franklin)
A friend is a present which you give yourself. (---Robert Louis Stevenson)
Fate chooses your relatives, you choose your friends. (---Abbe Jacques Deille)
A faithful friend is the medicine of life. (---William Shakespeare)
The bird a nest, the spider a web, man friendship. (---William Blake)
We choose our friend by instinct, but we keep them by judgment. (---Alfred Capus)
Friendship is love without his wings. (---George Gordon Byron)
True friendship is a plant of slow growth.(---George Washington)
同时教师提醒学生在讨论中尽量使用正确的时态、语态并用英语交流。这一步也是学生英文写作收集写作素材的过程。教师可参考与到各个组中，帮助学生解决疑难问题，并根据不同的写作内容和各小组的实际水平适当给他们提供一些新的词汇，同时鼓励那些平时不善于言谈的学生开口交流和帮助基础较差的学生。通过不断的教学实践，我发现：在这种活动或情景之下，学生无拘无束，大胆热烈讨论，加之教师的指导，写作的素材自然获得不少。最后每组选一位代表执笔完成书面表达，并在时间允许内在全班朗读；
第三步，教师进行总结归纳： Friendship is a kind of human relations. It is a human instinct to make friends. When in trouble, we need friends to offer us help, support and encouragement. With success achieved, we also need friends to share our joys. .Long live friendship! 同时再次强调写作中所需的时态、语态和学生写作过程中容易犯的错误等关键问题。而后要求学生课后完成各自的写作内容并上交作业。
第四步，作文评价是个意义重大的环节，可采用以下评价机制，包括学生自评→学生互评→教师评价→全班反馈→范文共赏五个环节。
学生参与情况：
运用这种教学方式，我所教的班级学生普遍反映：这种讨论和写作的方式更适合他们，因为气氛活跃，让人觉得轻松，通过小组的讨论、互相帮助和老师的指引，较容易搜集到写作素材,而且参考小组素材再结合自己的观点，就更容易下手写作了。每个小组都能写出较为优秀的文章，而且，学生完成作业情况非常好，能充分运用课上所讲的相关词汇和表达方式，有些同学的文章写得相当好，可以作为范文展示学习。总而言之，这种写作教学法既激发了学生的写作兴趣，又提高了他们的口语表达能力，同时还培养了他们的群体合作精神，而且也达到了师生互动交流。