A. 关于英语修辞和写作手法
Analytical structure of speech :
simile 明喻
metaphor 暗喻
personification 拟人
hyperbole夸张
euphemism 委婉语
irony 反语
antithesis 对偶
metonymy 转喻（指代）
litotes间接肯定即双重否定
analogy 类比 将两种本质不同的事物之间的共同点加以比较，来说明道理，把抽象的概念具体化，把浅显的道理浅显化：例 Forests are to nature what the lung is to man. Synecdoche 提喻，是以某事物的局部表示整体，抽象表示具体，特殊表示一般，或者反之。例如： More hands are needed in the work. (hand 是人体的一部分，代表人) There is a mixture of the tiger(残暴) and the ape（狡猾）in his character.
Onomatopoeia 拟声 The stream is murmuring down the hill. Some girls are giggling in the yard. Rain drops were pattering on the window. He heard the twitter of bird’s among the bushes.
Paradox 反论 指似是而非的说法，乍听似乎荒唐，但实际很有道理。
The child is father to the man. 从小看到大。 More haste, less speed. 欲速而不达
Oxymoron 矛盾修饰法 指修饰语和被修饰语之间看似很矛盾，但实则相反相成。
Sour-sweet day 酸涩而甜蜜的岁月 poor rich men creative destruction 创造性的破坏 living death 死一般的活着
Pun 双关 即巧妙地利用同音异义或同形异义现象 使同一个词或同一句子表达两种不同的含义，是之含蓄幽默，一语双关。
— what makes the tower lean? Lean指倾斜 和 瘦的
— It never eats.
transfer epithet转移修饰是 通常把形容人的词语用来修饰事物上，或者把通常修饰甲类事物的形容词用来修饰乙类，以简洁、新颖、形象的效果。
A wide-eyed answer a helpless smile embarrassed delight
Dizzy height an icy look dry humor cheerful wine
Syllepsis 一语双关 指用一个词语同时与两个部分搭配，含义上一个为字面意思，一个为比喻意思，可产生幽默、俏皮的效果。
B. 英语有什么修辞手法
英语修辞手法分别如下：
1.Simile 明喻
明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
例如：
1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow。
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。
3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。
2.Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻
隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。
例如：
1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。
3.Metonymy 借喻，转喻
借喻不直接说出所要说的事物，而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称。
I。以容器代替内容，例如：
1>.The kettle boils. 水开了。
2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着。
II。以资料。工具代替事物的名称，例如：
Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说。
III。以作者代替作品，例如：
a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集
VI。以具体事物代替抽象概念，例如：
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气，他们就用我的力气赚钱。
4.Synecdoche 提喻
提喻用部分代替全体，或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般。
例如：
1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory。(部分代整体)
他的厂里约有100名工人。
2>.He is the Newton of this century。(特殊代一般)
他是本世纪的牛顿。
3>.The fox goes very well with your cap。(整体代部分)
这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配。
5.Synaesthesia 通感，联觉，移觉
这种修辞法是以视。听.触。嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物。通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。
通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“
微风过处送来缕缕清香，仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。
例如：
1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice。(用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花)
鸟儿落在树上，倾泻出百合花似的声音。
2>.Taste the music of Mozart。(用嗅觉形容听觉)
品尝Mozart的音乐。
6.Personification 拟人
拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物。
例如：
1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads。(把夜拟人化)
2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods。(把鸟拟人化)
7.Hyperbole 夸张
夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的。它可以加强语势，增加表达效果。.
例如：
1>.I beg a thousand pardons。
2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars。
3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out。
8.Parallelism 排比， 平行
这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似，意思相关，语气一致的短语。句子排列成串，形成一个整体。
例如：
1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be
perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till
all are happy。
2>.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I
summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them.
In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your
brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately。
9.Euphemism 委婉，婉辞法
婉辞法指用委婉，文雅的方法表达粗恶，避讳的话。
例如：
1>.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下。
2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽。
3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. (去世)
10.Allegory 讽喻，比方(原意“寓言”)
建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法，意为"换个方式的说法"。它是一种形象的描述，具有双重性，表层含义与真正意味的是两回事。
例如：
1>.Make the hay while the sun shines。
表层含义：趁着出太阳的时候晒草
真正意味：趁热打铁
2>.It's time to turn plough into sword。
表层含义：是时候把犁变成剑
11.Irony 反语
反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式。如在指责过失。错误时，用赞同过失的说法，而在表扬时，则近乎责难的说法。
例如：
1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning。
早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊(真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念)
2>"Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. "the waiter said to the beggar。
12.Pun 双关
双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义，借题发挥。作出多种解释，旁敲侧击，从而达到意想不到的幽默。滑稽效果。它主要以相似的词形。词意和谐音的方式出现。
例如：
1>.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise。
2>.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country。
3>.If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately。
C. 请问英语都有哪几种修辞手法,分别是什么请以每种修辞手法举例造句,考试要用的
1) Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country./ This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.
2) Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage./ The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.
3) Analogy: (类比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.
4) Personification: (拟人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). For example, the wind whistled through the trees.
5) Hyperbole: (夸张） It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance, he almost died laughing.
6) Understatement: (含蓄陈述） It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. For instance, It is no laughing matter.
7) Euphemism: (委婉）It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as” pass away".
8) Metonymy (转喻） It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. For instance, the pen (words) is mightier than the sword (forces). 借代（metonymy）是指两种不同事物并不相似,但又密不可分,因而常用其中一种事物名称代替另一种.
1、Several years later, word came that Napoleonyh himself was coming to inspect them...
几年以后,他们听说拿破仑要亲自来视察他们.
“word”在这里代替了“news, information”（消息、信息）
2、Al spoke with his eyes,“yes”.
艾尔用眼睛说,“是的”.
“说”应该是嘴的功能,这里实际上是用眼神表达了“说话的意思”.
9) Synecdoche (提喻） It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part. For instance, they say there's bread and work for all. She was dressed in silks.
10) Antonomasia (换喻）It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now, though it is still in frequent use. For example, Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.
11) Pun: (双关语） It is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words. For instance, a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (Here "arms" has two meanings: a person's body; weapons carried by a soldier.)/ Napoleon was astonished.”Either you are mad, or I am,”he declared. “Both,sir!”cried the Swede proudly. “Both”一词一语双关,既指拿破仑和这位士兵都是疯子,又指这位战士参加过拿破仑指挥的两次战役
12) Syllepsis: (一语双叙） It has two connotations.
In the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only on of them in grammar or syntax(句法). For example, He addressed you and me, and desired us to follow him. (Here us is used to refer to you and me.)
In the second case, it a word may refer to two or more words in the same sentence. For example, while he was fighting , and losing limb and mind, and dying, others stayed behind to pursue ecation and career. (Here to losing one's limbs in literal; to lose one's mind is figurative, and means to go mad.)
13) Zeugma: (轭式搭配） It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of them, or applying to them in different senses. For example, The sun shall not burn you by day, nor the moon by night. (Here noon is not strong enough to burn)
14) Irony: (反语） It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. For instance, we are lucky, what you said makes me feel real good.
15) Innuendo: (暗讽） It is a mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout (曲折)way at something disparaging(不一致) or uncomplimentary(不赞美) to the person or subject mentioned. For example, the weatherman said it would be worm. He must take his readings in a bathroom.
16) Sarcasm: (讽刺） It Sarcasm is a strong form of irony. It attacks in a taunting and bitter manner, and its aim is to disparage, ridicule and wound the feelings of the subject attacked. For example, laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small flies, but let wasps break through.
17) Paradox: (似非而是的隽语） It is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems self-contradictory, absurd or contrary to established fact or practice, but which on further thinking and study may prove to be true, well-founded, and even to contain a succinct point. For example more haste, less speed.
18) Oxymoron: (矛盾修饰） It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining(结合) of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous(不协调) terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos(混乱) and proud humility(侮辱).
19) Antithesis: (对照） It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis. For example, speech is silver; silence is golden.
20) Epigram: (警句） It states a simple truth pithily(有利地) and pungently(强烈地). It is usually terse and arouses interest and surprise by its deep insight into certain aspects of human behavior or feeling. For instance, Few, save the poor, feel for the poor.
21) Climax: (渐进） It is derived from the Greek word for "ladder" and implies the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity, like the steps of a ladder ascending evenly. For example, I came, I saw, I conquered.
22) Anti-climax or bathos: (突降）It is the opposite of Climax. It involves stating one's thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or frivolous. For instance, But thousands die, without or this or that, die, and endow(赋予) a college, or a cat.
23) Apostrophe： (顿呼） In this figure of speech, a thing, place, idea or person (dead or absent) is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being said. For instance, England! awake! awake! awake!
24) Transferred Epithet: (转类形容词） It is a figure of speech where an epithet (an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修饰) to another to which it does not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleepless nights on my project.
25) Alliteration: (头韵） It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(间隔) and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called "front rhyme". For instance, the fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free. 头韵法（alliteration）在文句中有两个以上连结在一起的词或词组,其开头的音节有同样的字母或声音,以增强语言的节奏感. How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jersey is a story of struggle, success, and sadness.
26) Onomatopoeia: (拟声） It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds made by an object (animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive(提示的) of some action or movement. Eg: On the root of the school house some pigeons were softly cooing./ She brought me into touch with everything that could be reached or felt——sunlight, the rustling of silk, the noises of insects, the creaking of a door, the voice of a loved one.
D. 英语写作修辞手法有哪些
英语写作对于学习英语的学生是一个很重要的技能。许多英语考试都要测试考生的写作能力。为了帮助中国学生提高英语写作水平，我们编写了这部工具书，可供大、中学生及英语自学者查阅使用，也可供各级学校的英语教师参考。 《英语写作例句手册》从大量的英文刊中精选出约一万条实用的句子，为读者提供了在各种不同情况下常用的句式与用语，分门别类，英汉对照，内容丰富，查阅方便。通过《英语写作例句手册》，读者可以学到英语中各种生动有趣的表达方式，还可以利用《英语写作例句手册》做英汉互译练习，这对于提高英语水平会有很大的好处。
表达方式 1.定义 2.解释 3.分类 4.举例 5.对比 6.因果 7.议论 8.说明 9.简介 10.鸣谢 修辞手法 1.明喻 2.隐喻 3.转喻 4.提喻 5.换称 6.拟人 7.夸张 8.含蓄 9.委婉 10.双关 11.影射 12.反语 13.讽刺 14.反论 15.矛盾修饰 16.对照 17.反复 18.排比 19.层递 20.突降 21.回文 22.倒装 23.移就 24.拈连 25.共轭 26.警句 27.顿呼 28.设问 29.咏叹 30.头韵 31.元韵 32.拟声 33.仿拟 34.幽默
E. 英语的写作手法,修辞手法叫什么
英文与中文的写作手洁及修辞手法是大体相似，下面是英文常见修辞手法:
01
Simile
明喻:标志词常用：like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等。
例如： I wandered lonely as a stay dog.
我像一只流浪狗一样孤独地四处漂泊。
02
metaphor
隐喻，暗喻
例如：
Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
希望是顿美好的早餐，但却是一顿糟糕的晚餐。
03
metonymy
借喻，转喻
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it.
我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱。
04
synecdoche
提喻
例如：
1. There are about 100 hands working in his factory.他的厂里约有100名工人。
05
synesthesia
通感、联觉、移觉
例如：
1. The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.
鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音。
06
personification
拟人
拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物。
例如：
The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.
夜晚温柔地平复着我们狂热的头脑
07
hyperbole
夸张
例如：
1. I beg a thousand pardons.
我千百次地祈求宽恕
08
rhetorical repetition
叠言
例如：
It must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future, who believe in man and his glorious man—made destiny.
它必须用我们这些对于未来，对于人类以及人类自己创造的伟大命运具有信心的人的鲜血和汗水去创造。
09
euphemism
委婉,婉辞法
例如：
He is out visiting the necessary.
他出去方便一下。
10
allegory
讽喻、比方
例如：
1. Make the hay while the sun shines.
良机勿失。（在有太阳的时候晒草--制作饲料的干草）
2. It's time to turn plough into sword.
到了该努力的时候了。
11
irony
反语
例如：
It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.
早上不知道几点钟确实是一种好习惯！（反语）
F. 英语写作修辞手法有哪些热心回答下吧
personification 拟人 oxymoron 矛盾修辞 simile 明喻 bxvazsipvs磁4281024805柱
G. 英语中修辞手法 介绍几种
修辞方法： 一、比喻(the figures of speech) 比喻是语言艺术的升华。英语中常见的比喻方法有三种：明喻、隐喻和借喻。 1.明喻(the simile) 格式：本体 + 显著比喻词(like/as/as if---) + 喻体 常用介词like 、连词as，as if，as---so、动词seem等以及句型A---to B as C---to D等等表示“好像”意思的比喻说法就叫明喻。 例如： （1）Teacher, you are like the sun, but more magnificent, and more brillant. 老师，您像太阳，又比太阳更灿烂更辉煌。 （2）Your soul is as pure as snow, your personality is as noble as pine trees! All praise to you, our beloved teacher. 您的心灵像雪一样纯净，您的人格像青松一般高洁！赞美您，敬爱的老师。 英语中除上述的用介词、连词或句型等的明喻表达方式外，还有许多常用的明喻习语。例如： (1)as clear as crystal清如水晶 (2)as weak as water软弱无力 这类利用类似汉语的押韵和叠声增加语言的美感。与此同时，又可以使语言短小精悍，表达生动、形象。 2.隐喻(the metaphor) 格是：本体 + is/are + 喻体 例如： （1）Time is a river, of which memory is the water. Oh my friend, what I scoop up from the river is all yearning of you. 时间是河、记忆如水，朋友，我从河里捧起来的都是对你的思念。 （2）Time is money. 时间就是金钱。 注意：英语中存在着许多数词习语和俚语，用作隐喻（也有个别用作明喻）。例如 ： (1)You are one in a million.你真是人见人爱。 (2)He has one over the eight.他酩酊大醉。 （3）This film star is a nine days' wonder; I doubt whether anyone will remember her in a year's time.这位电影明星现在红极一时（也指昙花一现），但我认为一年以后人们不见得还记得她。 注意：英语中还有许多隐喻成语。例如： （1）to teach fish to swim 班门弄斧 （2）to plough the sand 白费力气 （3）up the tree骑虎难下；lame ck强弩之末；above board光明正大 等