① 你认为需要注意什么问题呢在英语写作时
在英语写作的时候,要注意英语的语法问题,时态问题,还有句型问题。
② 英语学术论文写作中有哪些常见问题
随着越来越多的学术论文涌向高影响因子期刊,语言问题成了影响学术成果传播的一个重要因素,在中国,每年因为语言表述不清,用词不当等语言问题被拒稿的仍然占总拒稿量的较高比例,高水平的研究成果能得到国际同行的认可与交流,语言关是首先要通过的。
查尔斯沃思论文润色编辑在润色中国作者稿件时总结出一些普遍存在的语言问题如下:
标题冗长、不准确、书写不规范
标题的重要性以前我们在文章中已经多次提过,在此不必过多强调,主要说作者常犯的错误。首先是字数太长,不简洁,这样不仅不利于期刊检索也会导致无法突出重点,过于笼统。
不同领域的学术期刊都有对标题的字数的限制,如JAMA(美国医学会杂志)规定不得超过42个印刷字符(一个英文字母占一个印刷符号、空格和标点占一个印刷符号)。英国皇家数学学会规定标题不超过12个单词。因此不要使用无信息量词汇,尽量做到简洁。
用词不当、错别字、缩略词
还记得去年3月份查尔斯沃思发表的文章《OA期刊 赞上帝 ,英语水平是硬伤》,就是因为一篇在PLOS ONE上有中国作者发表的文章,由于用词不当,中国作者将造物主理解为大自然也许没错,不过,在英文用词上就不能直译成 God,闹了把大笑话。
用词不当包括专业术语、语法、搭配等方面的使用不当,有些作者甚至会杜撰,如蓝藻(cyanophytes)又叫蓝绿藻(blue-green algae),而有的作者会将其翻译成“blue algae”,完全是中国式英语。
另一个存在的问题是缩略词的使用,缩略词是为了方便信息的交流,但不能过度使用,有些缩略词由于存在一词多义的现象,如果使用这类缩略词往往会引起歧义,如AIS 既可表示自动识别系统也可表示会计信息系统和人工免疫系统,因此,在遇到这类缩略词时要用全称。
除了上述的几个问题外,还有许多语言方面的问题值得去说,这些我们将在以后的文章中讲解。
参考:查尔斯沃思论文润色网页链接
③ 英语写作,需要注意哪些问题
找全信息点,紧扣主题,突出重点切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息点。一定把题读全,找齐信息点,建议用铅笔标出,写完后再涂掉。根据题目,可适当增加合理内容。特别注意文章要有开头和结尾。
④ 英语论文写作中遇到的问题
英文题目:(小二号字、英文字体)
中文题目:(三号字、宋体)
论文作者姓名:(以下小四楷体)
作者学号:
所在学院:
所学专业:
导师姓名、职称:
论文完成日期:
2. 扉页:(内封面)
论文题目:英文题目: (小二号字、英文字体)
中文题目: (三号字、宋体)
学生姓名:
学院名称:
论文完成时间:
3. 致谢:要单独成页,不得少于100字/词,要说明在论文写作过程中需要感谢的人和理由。
4. 摘要与目录
英文摘要、关键词:[Abstract] [Key Words](小四号字,用小写罗马数字标注页码,居中)
中文摘要、关键词:[摘要] [关键词](3到5个术语,小四号楷体,用小写罗马数字标注页码,居中)(英文和中文摘要字数分别在100字至300字左右,摘要和关键词要上下分开写,摘要和关键词要放入中括号,并与中括号一起使用黑体),“摘要(abstract)”用小三号字体加粗,英文和中文摘要分开单独成页。
目录(小三号字加粗):分一、二、三等级标题撰写,均小四号字,1.5倍行距,标题应与正文一致 (用小写罗马数字标注页码,居中)
5. 正文:
a) 正文是毕业论文的主体部分,按照下面第二部分“打印和装订”要求,正文部分10页左右,5000字左右。
b) 正文应分章节论述(用阿拉伯数字标注页码,页码标注在页面底部居中)。除正文用Chapter One, Two…标示外,应用阿拉伯数字表示一级、二级、三级等小标题,如1、1.1、1.1.1等。论文的一级标题用小三号黑体字、二级标题用四号黑体字、三级用小四黑体,正文一律用小四号Times New Roman。
c) 所有引文均须有出处,出处在文中置于括号内,一般只给作者的英文姓、出版年份和页码。例如转述意思的应为(Halliday, 1976)、直接引用为(Halliday, 1976:134)等。
d) 有关的缩写、术语或其他说明一般使用脚注,特别需要说明的注释可以使用尾注,其位置应在参考文献之前。
e)例子一律用中括号和阿拉伯数字标明顺序。
f)参考文献不得少于15个,其中英文文献不得少于2个。
6. 结论:字数不得少于100字/词,应阐明论文的主要发现。
⑤ 一些英语写作问题怎么解决
我试着回答好了
第一个问题
“飘然而至的是悠然的乐声”我只能翻成
the melody passes by through the wind.
第二个问题
要想用英文随意表达任何中文,那就一定要会意译。意译也就是充分理解句子想要表达的意思之后用自己的话重新整合用另一种语言表达(这是我自己对意译的理解,呵呵)
至于怎么训练,只能说没有捷径,还是需要长期的积累。大量的阅读是必需的,尽量看外国人写的英文(如英文报纸杂志书籍,网上的原文文章评论等),看中国人写的英文简直就是误入歧途。
阅读是最基本的也是最要花大量时间去做的,多读外国人写的英文可以增强语感,适应熟悉英文的逻辑(这点很重要,习惯了他们的逻辑语法就不必那么死抠了),然后有余力的话可以注意他们的用词,段落结构等等。
和阅读相近的是听力,只不过一个是通过书面传达信息,一个是通过耳朵。听力的学习可以比阅读的晚一点,或者和阅读同时开始,但从简单的听力开始。所谓简单包括句式简单,话题常见,语速较慢等等。听力可以是阅读的一个辅助练习,因为达到比较高的水平以后,听力是比阅读难的,也就是口译要比笔译难。
如果只是想英译中的话,口语和写作就没那么重要了。还想知道的话可以单独问我
⑥ 英文写作中最容易出现哪些问题
1、用词不当。学生们写的作文里或多或少都会有一些用词不当的问题,但是要注意的是一些最最基本的错误是不能犯的。
2、时态错误。一般作文使用的是现在时态,除了拿过去的事情举例子时,用过去时态。
3、句子中出现中国式的英语。
4、拼写错误。这里的拼写错误不是指在考试时候的手误,而是本身对词汇拼写记忆的错误。
5、例子夸张。切记例证要符合实际,可以有些适当的夸张。
6、固定搭配用法错误
To some extends, I agree with the author’s general assertion that if parents also have a comprehensive sense of professional knowledge.
To some extends应改为To some extent
7、成分多余
According to a comprehensive investigation which is carried out by Chinese Academy of Social Sciences shows that there is an increase in the number of university students who are taking part-time jobs.
该句中的shows that是多余的成分。
8、词性混乱
However, the questions such as "Have you ever regretted marrying your husband" may be very privacy and embarrassingly.
句子中的privacy和embarrassingly应该改成private和embarrassing。
⑦ 英语写作要注意的几种情况:常见的10个句子错误
Incomplete Sentence - Sentence Fragment
句子不完整——残缺句
One common mistake many students make is the use of incomplete sentences. Each sentence in English must contain at least a subject and a verb, and should be an independent clause. Examples of incomplete sentences without a subject or a verb might include an instruction or a prepositional phrase.
许多学生都会犯一个常见的错误,就是写出来的句子不完整。英语中,每个句子都必须至少有一个主语,一个动词,并单独成句。没有主语或动词的残缺句子可能就只有表示指令的句子或者介词短语了。
For example:
例如:
Through the door.
穿过大门。
In the other room.
在另一个房间。
Over there.
在那里。
These are phrases we may use in spoken English, but that should not be used in written English as they are incomplete.
在英语口语中,你可能会用到这些短语,但是因为它们毕竟不是完整的英语句子,所以在书面语言中,我们一般不会使用。
Sentence fragments caused by dependent clauses used without an independent clause are more common. Remember that subordinating conjunctions introce dependent clauses. In other words, if you use a subordinating clause beginning with a word such as 'because, though, if, etc.' there must be an independent clause to complete the thought. This mistake is often made on tests asking a question with 'Why'.
由于缺乏独立分句的从属子句导致的句子残缺很常见。记住,从属连词引出了从属子句。也就是说,如果你用一些词语来引出从句,例如because,though,if等等,就必须要有一个独立分句来使句子完整。我们在考试中,使用why来提出问题时,经常会犯这样的错误。
For example, the sentences:
例如,下面这个句子:
Because Tom is the boss.
因为汤姆就是老板。
Since he left work early without permission.
自从他不经允许就早退。
We might answer the question: "Why did he lose his job?" However, these are sentence fragments. The correct answer would be:
我们可能会问:“他为什么丢掉工作?”但是,这些句子都是不完整的。正确用法应该是:
He lost his job because Tom is the boss.
因为汤姆就是老板,所以他丢掉了工作。
He lost his job since he left work early without permission.
他因为不经允许就早退而丢掉了工作。
Other examples of incomplete sentences introced by subordinating clauses include:
其他关于从属子句的残缺句还包括下面内容:
Even though he needs help.
虽然他需要帮助
If they study enough.
如果他们好好学习
As they had invested in the company.
因为他们投资了这家公司
Run-on Sentences
句子不连贯
Run-on sentences are sentences that:
不连贯句子指的是:
1) are not connected by appropriate linking language such as conjunctions
缺乏合适的连接词,例如连词。
2) use too many clauses rather than using periods and linking language such as conjunctive adverbs
使用过多的从句,而非句号和连接语,例如连接副词
The first type leaves out a word - usually a conjunction - that is required to connect a dependent and independent clause. For example:
第一种是漏掉了一个词——通常是连接词——用于连接非独立子句和独立子句。
The students did well on the test they didn't study very much.
学生们考得很好他们没有下多少功夫。
Anna needs a new car she spent the weekend visiting car dealerships.
安娜想买辆新车她整个周末都在约见代理商。
The first sentence should use either a conjunction 'but', or 'yet' or a subordinating conjunction 'although, even though, or though' to connect the sentence. In the second sentence, the conjunction 'so' or the subordinating conjunction 'since, as, or because' would connect the two clauses.
第一句话要么应该加上一个连词but,要么加上yet,或者一个从属连词although, even though或though来连接前后两句。
The students did well, yet they didn't study very much.
学生们考得很好,但他们并没有下多少功夫。
Anna spent the weekend visiting car dealerships since she needs a new car.
因为想买辆新车,安娜整个周末都在约见代理商。
Another common run on sentence occurs when using too many clauses. This often occurs using the word 'and'.
另一种句子不连贯发生在使用太多从句的时候。常常是由于and一词导致。
We went to the store and bought some fruit, and we went to the mall to get some clothes, and we had lunch at McDonald's, and we visited some friends.
我们去商店买了一些水果,去购物商城买了一些衣服,在麦当劳吃的午饭,又见了一些朋友。
The continuous chain of clauses using 'and' should be avoided. In general, do not write sentences that contain more than three clauses to ensure that your sentences do not become run-on sentences.
我们应该避免使用and来连接一大串的从句。一般来说,从句不要超过三个,以确保句子的连贯性。
Duplicate Subjects
两个主语
Sometimes students use a pronoun as a plicate subject.
有时候,学生们会将代词作为第二个主语。
Remember that each clause takes only one sentence. If you have mentioned the subject of a sentence by name, there is no need to repeat with a pronoun.
记住,每个从句只需要一句话。如果之前你已经提到主语的名字,就不需要再用代词重复了。
Example 1:
例一:
Tom lives in Los Angeles.
汤姆住在洛杉矶。
NOT
而不是
Tom, he lives in Lost Angeles.
汤姆,他住在旧金山。
Example 2:
例二:
The students come from Vietnam.
学生们来自越南。
NOT
而不是
The students they come from Vietnam.
学生们他们来自越南。
Incorrect Tense
时态错误
Tense usage is a common mistake in student writing. Make sure that the tense used corresponds to the situation. In other words, if you are speaking about something that happened in the past do not use include a tense that refers to the present. For example:
时态错误在学生写作中很常见。你要确保时态与事情发生的情况一致。也就是说,如果你要表达的是发生在过去的事,就不要使用现在时态。例如:
They fly to visit their parents in Toronto last week.
上周他们坐飞机去看望父母。
Alex bought a new car and drives it to her home in Los Angeles.
亚历克斯买了一辆新车,并把它开进了洛杉矶的家。
Incorrect Verb Form
动词形式错误
Another common mistake is the use of an incorrect verb form when combining with another verb. Certain verbs in English take the infinitive and others take the gerund (ing form).
另一个常见的错误就是在与其他动词连用时,动词形式的错误。英语中的动词既有不定式形式,又有动名词形式。
It's important to learn these verb combinations. Also, when using the verb as a noun, use the gerund form of the verb.
学习这些动词的连用很重要。当动词作为名词使用时,就要使用动名词形式。
He hopes finding a new job. / Correct -> He hopes to find a new job.
他想找一个新工作。
Peter avoided to invest in the project. / Correct -> Peter avoided investing in the project.
皮特没有在这个项目上投资。
Parallel Verb Form
动词复数形式
A related issue is the use of parallel verb forms when using a list of verbs. If you are writing in the present continuous tense, use the 'ing' form in your list. If you are using the present perfect, use the past participle, etc.
在使用多个动词时,有一个问题就是动词复数形式的使用。如果你是在用现在进行时进行写作,就应该使用动词ing形式。如果你使用的是现在完成时,就应该使用过去分词形式。
She enjoys watching TV, play tennis, and cook. / Correct -> She enjoys watching TV, playing tennis, and cooking.
她喜欢看电视,打网球和烹饪。
I've lived in Italy, working in Germany and study in New York. / Correct -> I've lived in Italy, worked in Germany, and studied in New York.
我住在意大利,在德国工作,在纽约读书。
Use of Time Clauses
时间从句的使用
Time clauses are introced by the time words 'when', 'before', 'after' and so on. When speaking about the present or future use the present simple tense in time clauses. If using a past tense, we usually use the past simple in a time clause.
时间从句由时间词语引导,例如when,before,after等等。当我们表达现在或将来的事时,可以使用一般现在时的时间从句。如果使用过去时态,通常会使用过去时的时间从句。
We'll visit you when we will come next week. / Correct -> We'll visit you when we come next week.
下周我们会来看你。
She cooked dinner after he was arriving. / Correct -> She cooked dinner after he arrived.
他到了之后,她才开始煮饭。
Subject - Verb Agreement
主谓一致
Another common mistake is to use incorrect subject - verb agreement. The most common of these mistakes is the missing 's' in the present simple tense. However, there are other types of mistakes. Always look for these mistakes in the helping verb.
另一个常见的错误就是主谓不一致。最常见的就是一般现在时中漏掉了-s。但是,还有其他类型的错误。这些错误常发生在助动词的使用上。
Tom play guitar in a band. / Correct -> Tom plays guitar in a band.
汤姆在乐队里是弹吉他的。
They was sleeping when she telephoned. / Correct -> They were sleeping when she telephoned.
他打电话过来时,他们都睡着了。
Pronoun Agreement
代词一致
Pronoun agreement mistakes take place when using a pronoun to replace a proper noun. Often this mistake is a mistake of use of a singular form rather than a plural or vice versa. However, pronoun agreement mistakes can occur in object or possessive pronouns, as well as in subject pronouns.
代词不一致发生在用代词来替代专有名词的情况下。通常是使用了单复数形式的错误使用。但是,代词不一致也会发生在宾语或物主代词,和主格代名词上。
Tom works at a company in Hamburg. He loves his job. / Correct -> Tom works at a company in Hamburg. He loves his job.
汤姆在汉堡一家公司工作。他热爱这份工作。
Andrea and Peter studied Russian at school. He thought they were very difficult.Correct -> Andrea and Peter studied Russian at school. They thought it was very difficult.
(正确)安德里亚和皮特在学校里学习了俄语。他们觉得俄语很难。
Missing Commas After Linking Language
连接语言后漏掉了逗号
When using an introctory phrase as linking language such as a conjunctive adverb or sequencing word, use a comma after the phrase to continue the sentence.
当我们使用介绍性短语,例如连接副词或表示顺序的词语,通常会在短语后面打上逗号来连接下文。
⑧ 常见英语写作错误
1.结构不平行例:I was able to raise my TOEFL score by studying hard and I read lots of books.当使用连词将一系列的单词联接起来的时候,应当使用词性相同或同一类型的短语。
2.不知所云例:Many companies began using computers mouth.
3.段落过长,不分段主语与动词一致问题She are a good friend of mine that I has known for a long time.主语和动词在数方面不一致。
4.句子别扭We heated the soup in the microwave for too long and the shape of the container changed.措辞过长或不清。换言之,句子显得滑稽可笑。
5.不要使用缩写在正式的写作中不要使用缩写形式(can't,don't,it's,we'll,they've等等),而应当使用单词的完整形式(cannot,do not,it is,we will,they have等等)。
6.关联词语重复Since I want to go to a good school, therefore I am trying to raise my test scores.不能在该句的主要主语和主要动词前使用连词。
7.句子不完整Many students have a hard time passing all the tests to getsintoscollege. For example, my friend in high school.句子没有主要主语或主要动词,因为其实它应是一个从句。这是一个非常常见的错误,修改的方法是将两个句子连接起来。
8.不要使用get When I got home, I got tired, so I got a book and gotsintosbed. Get太不正式,意思也过于含糊,不适合用在正式的场合。应将get改为一个更加具体的单词,如become, receive, find, achieve,等等。
9.书写难以辨认信息不正确I would like to study in America because all modern technology originated there.传的信息不正确,或者让人听起来觉得可能不正确(如果确实是正确的,应当解释为什么这样,因为读者不认为是正确的)。上述例句中,all的意思是百分之百;我们不能绝对地说每一件新东西都是从美国诞生的。为保险起见,应当使用many或most。非英语单词Computers are very helpful and advantageable.尽管看起来象个单词,其实不是,至少不是个英文单词。使用这个单词的另一种形式。
10.介词多余I would like to discuss about something important that you mentioned about to me ring yesterday. We went to downtown yesterday to buy a watch. When I first came to the US, I did not have a lot of friends in here. In class, my classmate never mentioned about her husband.在表示这种意思时此单词不能与介词连用。这种情况常见于downtown,home,there,here等词。这些词语在英语中是副词而非名词,因而不能在它们前面添加介词。
11.跑题或不相关There are many reasons to buy a car, preferably a nice car.这个意思与文章的主题无关。
12.陈词滥调It is okay for children to fail sometimes.所表达的意思很普通大多数人都已经知道到了,因而就没有必要再说出来。
13.标点问题I love animals. And I like to help them. Because they are helpless. So I want to become a vet.这是一个非常普遍的问题!许多学生在句子中使用了太多的句号,尤其是当他们用手写的时候。
14.重复冗余Personally, I believe what the newspaper prints.一种意思的表述不止一次,或者某个词语不必要。
15.单数/复数Many year ago, dinosaur roamed the Earths.单词需要从单数变为复数,或者由复数变成单数。单数可数名词单数可数名词不能单独使用,应该将其变为复数形式或者加上限定词(a, the, my, his, her, Gary's, no, any, 1, 3, 50, most,等等)。
16.拼写错误主语、动词或宾语有问题I want to buy something for my mother that she will like it. There was a terrible accident happen yesterday.句子的基本结构有问题缺少主语、动词或宾语,或者这些成分重复。
17.语气与文章不符I was kind of mad at the guy who vociferated angry words at me. I have heard many wonderful things about such cosmopolitan cities as Paris, London, Tokyo, and Hong Kong and I would love to visit these cities to check them out.语气与文章其他部分不相符可能是过于正式或者太不正式。
18.代词指代不明If people do not speak the same language, it has a greater chance of miscommunication. I intend to complete my studies in the United States because they have good programs there.代词所指代的指示词(介词所代替的名词)不清楚。
19.过于笼统We should use our resources on Earth because the Earth is getting worse.句子或它所表达的意思过于笼统,不能提供多少信息。
20.动词时态错误Yesterday I will go to the store because tomorrow I needed some food.动词时态不正确检查一下是应该用现在时、过去时、将来时还是完成时等等。
21.选词不恰当I was late getting home because I lost my way.在这种情况下不应该使用该词可选择更好的词语或者所使用的词语与文章的总体语气不符。
22.单词形式不当I want to creation a great web site so that I can becoming wealth.所使用的单词的形式不正确检查一下应该使用该词的名词、形容词或副词形式的哪一种。
23.用词错误Even I don't speak Spanish, I was able to find a bathroom in the department store. I gained a lot of pounds ring vacation.用词错误或在此种情况下该词不是最佳用词。
⑨ 托福英语写作有哪些常见问题
托福考试流程1、08:15到达考场 ETS规定,中国大陆地区的考试时间是9点,但回8点30分之前必须到达考答场,如果迟到,则不允许参加考试,所以,各位考生考试当天早上务必提前15分钟到达,给自己充足时间熟悉环境和调整心情
⑩ 英语写作要注意什么
1、要有鲜明的主题思想和内容。
2、要有完整的组织结构。比如:有时间顺序,有空间回距离,符合逻辑答,按重要性排列,有比较和对比,有分类和阐述。
3、要使用正确的语态。
4、词语的选择和使用要恰当。
5、句子要符合常识和具有多样性。
6、拼写、标点和大小写都要正确。
(10)英语写作会遇到的问题扩展阅读:
英语作文的写作技巧:
英语考试作文试题的一个最大的特点就是时限性,即在有限的时间内(一般分配30分钟)按试题要求完成作文试题。
英语作文试题一般要求字数在120字左右,段落一般为三段,因而有“三段论”一说。
所谓“三段论”即全文分为三个自然段,一般结构为“首段摆事实(现象)、提观点(论点或问题),在这一部分参试者最好将题目要求中的第一个要点(一般为提出问题或观点)作为首段的内容之一;
第二段剖析现象、分析论点,这也是全文的主体部分。在这一部分参试者需要将试题要求中的所有要点的内容都加以阐述和扩展,同时注意不要信马由缰的写一些与文章主题无关的内容以免被当作跑题处理;
第三段为结论段,这一段的主要任务是为全文做一个结论性的终结,让文章显得完整和连贯。至于开头和结尾有一定的固定的套路可循。
参考资料来源:网络—英语作文