㈠ ib(高级英语写作)试卷quiz 1-3的答案
高级英语写作
Advanced English Writing
㈡ 08电大期末考试试卷(英语)
试卷代号：1027 Administrator lmxi 2 22 2004-06-29T08:02:00Z 2004-06-29T08:02:00Z 6 1995 11375 xdr 94 22 13969 9.2812 7.8 磅 0 2 试卷代号：1027中央广播电视大学2007—2008学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试英语专业高级英语写作试题 2008年1月 注 意 事 项 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。 二、仔细阅读题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案一定要写在答题纸指定的位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。 Information for the Examinees: This examination consists of TWO sections. These are: Section I: Listening Test (20 points, 35 minutes) Section II: Reading and Writing Test (80 points, 85 minutes) The total marks for this examination are I00 points. Time allowed for completing this examination is 2 hours (120 minutes). Section I: Listening Test [-20 points] Instructions: ■ The Listening Test will take approximately 35 minutes. ■ There are TWO parts to tile test and you will hear each part twice. ■ There will be a pause of 30 seconds before each part to allow you to look at your questions. ■ There will be a pause of 30 seconds after each part to allow you to check your answers. ■ You can first write your answers on this test paper. After the recordings, you will have about I0 minutes to transfer your answers to the Answer Sheet. ■ ALL ANSWERS MUST APPEAR ON THE ANSWER SHEET. Part 1: Questions 1--,5 are based on this part. (10 points) Directions: You will hear a conversation between two students, Rite and Mary. Mary is a Spanish girl studying economics in England. Tile British girl Rite is her classmate. They are talking about the differences in family life between the two countries. Listen to the conversation and then judge whether Statements 1--5 are true or false. Write T for True and F for False on the Answer Sheet. 1. There are more nuclear families in England while in Spain there are more extended families. 2. In Spain an elderly relative is taken care of by his/her family. 3. Unexpected visitors are not welcome in Spain. 4. Mary was impressed by the way the Englishman is so fond of his home, family, garden and pets. 5-_ Mary did not enjoy living in with an English fanily as an au pair girl. Part 2: Questions 6--10 are based on this part. (10 points) Directions: You are going to listen to a lecture by Mr. Green on the pleasures and problems TV has brought to us. Listen to the lecture and fill in the missing information in the gaps numbered 6--10. Note: You must write down the exact word you hear. Only one word is necessary for each blank. Pleasures of TV: ● Its fun to watch TV, and its easy. ● The people on TV will make you laugh and cry. They will 6 ________ you and excite you. ● In some places, it is 7 ________ to go to school by watching television.Three areas of public concerns about TV: ● One area is 8 __________. This area has to do with what kinds of shows are on, and when they are on. ● A second area of concern is 9______________ ● The third, and perhaps most important, alts are 10___________ This is the end of the Listening TestSection li: Reading and Writing Test [80 points]Instructions: ■ There are THREE parts to the test. ■ The test will take approximately 85 minutes. ■ There will be NO extra time for you to transfer your answers to the Answer Sheet. Therefore you should write ALL your answers on the Answer Sheet as you do each task.Part 1. Reading (30 points)Questions 11--15 are based on the following task. (10 points)Sequencing:The following sentences go together to form a paragraph, but they are in the wrong order. Read the sentences carefully and put them in the right order. Write the correct letter of your choice(A-E) in the proper box and then transfer your answers to the Answer Sheet. A. We practised at three different levels of genera lisation, a summary of the main idea, a summary for an abstract, and a more extended summary suitable for general review of an article. B. The last activity was on writing summaries. C. In so doing we saw that you cannot judge a summary by its length. Whether it is too long or too short or just the right length all depends on what it is wanted for. D. Then we concentrated on the purpose of summary and the amount of detail to be included. E. First, we looked at a list of dos and donts in summary writing. Question 11 12 13 14 15 Sentence 1 2 3 4 5 Correct Order Questions 16--19 are based on the following task. (10 points)Identifying the topic sentences..Read the following description of culture and customs of western countries. The topicsentence for each paragraph is omitted. Choose the correct topic sentence for each paragraphfrom the list of A-E provided. Put your answer in the proper box and then transfer your answers to the Answer Sheet. 16 And except in the biggest cities, which are tourist attractions in themselves, the central areas are losing commerce to the suburbs. In suburban areas shopping centers are being established, each having a group of perhaps fifty shops around a huge car park; and the main unit of the shopping center is usually the supermarket. Modern American women are accustomed to buying all their food in weekly visits to the supermarket, bringing it home in the car and storing it in the deep-freeze. 17 Making things, mending things, and working on the car, everything to make it as pleasant as possible. There is a strong desire to spend much free time at home when the home is well-equipped, comfortable and attractive; even the private swimming pool is no longer reserved for the very rich. 18 Parties for children and for grown-ups are constantly occupying the leisure hours, usuallywith something to drink. In their suburbs Americans are extremely friendly and hospitable. They are also very interested in each other, and when a new family moves into a suburban house the neighbors will be calling at once to see if they can help in any way. The problem of personal social barriers has been overcome very much more successfully than in any part of Europe. 19 In it, a familys home is not an isolated island, but a part of a group homes. Moreover, most find their homes more satisfying because they still have plenty of contacts outside the rural neighborhood. Most go to work in another place, so that the suburban home is only part of their environment. A. Once an American has reached his home he is interested in working to improve it. B. Americans invite their friends to their home more than most people in Europe. C. While more and more people are working in big cities, more prefer to live in suburbs. D. Suburbs are becoming the main business places. E. The new suburb recreates the sense of community of the old country village. Question 16 17 18 19 Paragraph 1 2 3 4 Correct Answer Question 20: Writing a summary (10 points)Summarize the above passage (i. e., the passage in Questions 16-19) ill your own words. Your summary should be 70 to 80 words. Write your summary on the Answer Sheet.Part 2. Writing a Letter (20 points)Question 21: Writing a Letter of CongratulationsSuppose you are Thomas Robbins from Robbins Steel Corporation. You are also President of the Twenty-Five-Year Club. Write a letter congratulating a colleague of yours, Mr. lterb Smith,on his becoming a member of tile Twenty-Five-Year Club upon the completion of 25 years atRobbins Steel Corporation. Base your letter on the following notes: 1) to celebrate Mr. Smith 2) to invite him to join the Club 3) to sing high praise of the Club 4) to express thanks to Mr. Smiths loyalty and faith 5) to inform Mr. Smith: ● to receive a letter of invitation to the annual Club Dinner very soon ● to become a formally-incted member at the annual Club Dinner ● to hope to see him at the Dinner ● to congratulate him in personNote: 1) Write a correctly laid out letter, which might include the letterhead, date, name and address of recipient, salutation, body of the letter, complementary close, signature, and senders printed name as well as job title. 3 points will be dected for failing to follow the letter format properly. 2) You should write about 120 words. 3) Write the answer on your Answer Sheet. Part 3. Writing an Exposition (30 points)Question 22:Write an exposition essay on the following topic: The building of a new road Use this plan to describe the process of building a new road. Your reader is not anengineer. 1) The route is planned. 2) Soil samples are taken. 3) The route is cleared and leveled. 4) Thick layers of concrete are put down. 53 The top surface is laid and traffic guides are added. Use any of the extra information given below or any information of your own that you think necessary in describing the process of building a new road. You should write about 150-200 words. Write the answer on your Answer Sheet. ● Hills, small towns and rivers are avoided where possible. Bridges are very expensive. ● Holes are bored into the soil and rock. The strength and wetness of the soil is measured. ● Large bulldozers and scrapers are used. ● A paver is used to spread the concrete evenly. The concrete makes a good. foundation. ● Normally the top surface is tarmac. ● Cats eyes are put in. They guide the driver at night. 试卷代号：1027 中央广播电视大学2003—2004学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试 英语专业高级英语写作试题答案及评分标准 Section I: Listening 1-20 points]Part 1. (10 points, 2 points each. ) 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. FPart 2. (10 points, 2 points each. The exact words are required. ) 6. inform 7. possible 8. programming 9. advertising 10. unsophisticatedSection Ⅱ: Reading and Writing 1-80 points]Part 1. Reading (30 points)Questions 11--15:10 points, 2 points each. 11. B 12. E 13. D 14. A 15. C Questions 16-19:10 points, 2.5 points each. 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. E Question 20.. 10 points. ● Check that the main points of the original passage are included. (5 points) ● Check that the information is organized logically. (g points)● Check that the language used is appropriate and accurate. (3 points) An example: Summary As the suburbs grow, shopping centers are being set up. People go to the supermarket for groceries on a weekly basis. Americans like to spend much free time on home improvement on their own -- making things and mending things. They also like to invite their friends to parties. They develop friendly relationships with their neighbors. The suburbs recreate a sense of community of the old village. Part 2. Writing a Letter (20 points) Question 21: ● Check that the content of the letter is relevant and appropriate. (10 points) ● Check that the style of the letter is suitable and the language used is appropriate and accurate: (7 points) ● Check that the layout of the letter is appropriate: the use of paragraphs, space, position of opening and closing expressions, etc. (3 points) ● Both British and American spellings are acceptable. Special attention should be paid to tile formality of the language.An example:Dear Mr. Smith, I consider it a distinct privilege to congratulate you on the completion of 25 years atRobbins Steel Corporation and to invite you to become a member of the Twenty-Five-YearClub. As far as I am concerned, there is no group as important, for it is they who havecontributed the most to our growth and our good name. I hope you look back on those yearswith great satisfaction and pride. Its a grand achievement, and I want you to know howmuch I personally appreciate your loyalty and confidence. Shortly you will receive an invitation to the annual Twenty-Five-Year Club Dinner atwhich you will be formally incted. I look forward to seeing you there and congratulatingyou in person on becoming a member of this very exclusive group. Sincerely yours, Thomas Rohbins President Twenty-Five-Year CfubPart 3. Writing an Exposition (30 points)Question 22:Here is a sample essay: Irsa pleasure to walk or drive on the modern well-constructed roads. However, road building involves careful design and complicated work. The first step is the planning of the route. Route designers have to make sure that the hills, small towns and rivers are avoided where possible. Bridges are very expensive. Next, soil samples are taken. Holes are bored into the soil and rock in order to measure the strength and wetness of the soils. Before putting anything on the old roads, the route has to be cleared and leveled. Builders normally use large bulldozers and scrapers to make the route clean and even. Afterwards, thick layers of concrete are put down. The concrete makes a good foundation to the surface, but it has to be put clown layer by layer. A paver is used to spread the concrete evenly. Finally, the top surface is laid with tarmac. Now, the road building is finished. However, there is one more thing to do to protect the road users. Traffic guides are added to navigate the transportation and in some highwayscats eyes are put in to guide the drivers at night. After these installments, people can safely use the road.. 说明：当总分出现0．5分时，在总分上加1分取整。 命题：crtvu
rn本篇文章来源于 神州辅导网 www.qc138.com.com 原文出处：http://www.qc138.com/tvu/stk/bkstk/200810/7315.html
㈢ 教师应有怎样的评价观
前一段读由美国史蒂芬森博士主编的《非常教师》，书里获得梅格斯奖的36位作者各自谈了他们对教学的感悟，他们的教学理念，老师的职责以及如何当一名优秀教师，看后深受启发和感动。其中谢弗博士的一篇文章《记我最差的老师和最好的老师》给我很大触动。他书中记载这么一段：“你的文章毫无想像力。”“尽管你写的都是完整的句子，但你却不能把它们有机地组合成一篇连贯的文章。”“我看够了，你的文章根本不成章法，你没有一点写作才能。我建议你最好想想干点别的。”
以上三句话是从Y老师给我的作文评语中原封不动地抄下来的。我上高中时，Y老师教我高级英语写作，我上大专的第一年，又是他教我英语写作。我根本没有奢望成为“海明威第二”，但我绝不赞成Y老师的作法，即全面否定我的任何一种尝试，而且他评语中流露出的轻视和傲慢尤其让我厌恶。你看，评语中哪有建议?即便是一丁点鼓励的话也会让我加倍努力，以写出符合他要求的文章。
这位不善于评价、最打击学生的Y老师被谢弗博士认为是最差的老师并曾一度导致他的人生步入失意和毫无希望的低谷。好在后来他遇到了另一位改变他人生的优秀教师麦克内利斯博士，他不断激励他，启发他，最终谢弗博士成了美国佐治亚大学教授、全美社会化和个性发展研究的权威。
老师对学生的评价会影响甚至改变孩子的一生，在新课程实施中，评价对新课程的实施起着重要的导向和质量监控作用，关系到新课程实施能否顺利进行。那么在新课程背景下，我们该树立怎样的评价理念、如何科学地实施评价呢？下面结合地理学科，谈谈这方面的粗浅认识。
一、树立评价新理念
根据目标多元、方式多样、注意结果与过程并重、内容全面的评价原则，树立新的评价理念。
1、评价目标多元
以往的地理教学评价，在评价内容方面，过多倚重地理知识，特别是课本上的知识，随着社会的发展，仅仅掌握知识和技能已经远远不能适应社会对人才发展的需求。因此新的高中地理课程标准倡导：“地理学习评价，要在知识与技能评价的基础上，关注对学生价值判断力、批评性思考能力、社会责任感、人生规划能力形成状况的评价。”
新课程目标包括“知识和技能”、“过程与方法”、“情感、态度和价值观”三个维度的目标体系，因此高中地理在学习评价方面应包括四个方面的内容：（1）对地理知识理解与应用的评价；（2）对地理技能形成与运用的评价；（3）对地理科学方法掌握及探究活动质量的评价；（4）对情感态度与价值观形成的评价，从而全面评价学生多元智力和能力的发展。
2、评价方式多样化
以往的评价方法，以传统的笔纸考试为主，过多倚重量化的结果，高中地理新课程强调把评价渗透到教学的各个环节，在不同的课程目标领域选用不同的方法（如辩论、课题研究、情景测验等）来对学生进行考察、评价。
如鼓励学生观察某种天文现象，并查阅有关资料，写出自己的观察结果及体会，以此评价他们对地理技能的掌握和运用能力；让学生结合龙岗区实际，讨论城市化过程对龙岗发展的作用以及应当注意的问题；收集龙岗河的资料，分析其变化的主要原因，并对该河治理和开发提出自己的设想；用电子地图（网络或光盘形式）查询城镇、交通、旅游等信息，以此考察学生运用所学知识分析问题、解决问题的能力和对地理科学方法的掌握及探究活动的质量及他们的情感态度和价值观的评价。
在知识方面，除了笔纸测试外，还应结合学生的平时表现给予评价，例如通过课堂讨论和交流来观察学生的兴趣和思维表现等。
3、评价主体多元化
改变过去将被评价者放在消极的、被动的地位的做法，新课程提倡尊重被评价者的人格，发挥被评价对象的主动性，形成教师、家长、学生、管理者各方面共同参与、交互作用的评价模式。
4、结果与过程并重
改变过分关注评价结果而忽视评价过程，只注意终结性评价而忽视形成性评价的做法。新课程强调课程评价从过分关注结果逐步向关注学习过程。只有这样才能及时了解学生在发展过程中遇到的问题，了解学生在学习过程中获得的进步和努力，才有可能对学生的持续发展和提高进行有效的指导。
二、实施科学的评价
将形成性评价与终结性评价有机结合起来
1、建立地理学习过程评价表
高中地理新课程倡导发展性评价，不仅要注重结果，更关注发展变化的过程，注重在发展过程中多次、即时、动态地实施形成性评价。为此，我们建立了学生地理学习过程评价表，此表从学生的学习态度、学习兴趣、学习能力三大方面，通过自评、他（小组）评，教师评价（以鼓励性评价为主）、家长反馈等评价学生地理学习过程。（地理学习过程评价表略）
2、创建地理学习记录袋
在高中学习期间，可指导学生创建地理学习记录袋，记录袋中所收集的资料以地理学习过程中自然生成的原始作品和资料为主，比如野外考察图片，研究性学习论文，社区调查资料，气象、天象观察记录，测验试卷，作业，地理日记等。通过地理学习记录袋，为教师实施形成性评价和采取某些教学决策提供依据，同时也可作为学生自我评价、自我反思和家长交流学生学习地理的一个载体。
3、善于运用地理教学中的非正式评价
各种测验是正式评价，正式评价在课程实施中发挥着导向、检查等多种作用。但是，在从事教育教学实际过程中，很多时候并不是严格依照科学的程序来实施评价活动，评价的程序和要求是以隐性方式来调节教师的行为的，这种评价就是非正式评价。非正式评价渗透在教师的课堂教学和师生交往过程中。观察、提问、访谈、作业、练习、收集资料、讨论等方法都可以是非正式评价，教师要善于运用地理教学中的非正式评价。非正式评价对于学生的学习（如学习兴趣和动力）与发展（如心理健康）有着更为重要的影响。记得有一次我让学生当“小老师”上台讲“自然条件对聚落及交通线路的影响”，学生讲完回到座位后，我用了几个“太”来当场评价：太让我吃惊、课件做得太形象、太美观了，教材处理得太恰当、知识把握得太准确，讲得实在太好了，总之——老师太满意了！老师发自肺腑的一番激励评价，不只让那一组同学，全班同学都感受到学习地理的愉悦！感受到成功和幸福！
4、终结性评价——考试
（1）、考试形式方面：在考试形式上综合性应用多种方法，打破唯纸笔测验的传统做法。考试的方式应灵活多样，体现先进的评价思想，如辩论、课题研究、情景测验、制作等，纸笔测验只是其中的一种。
（2）、考试内容方面：加强与社会实际和学生生活的联系，重视考察学生分析问题、解决问题的能力。关注学生实践能力，淡化记忆性内容为主的考试。考试命题应根据课题标准，题目设置注重生活实践、背景、情景，能够考察学生创新能力和实践能力，在考试中应设置开放性题目。
（3）考试结果方面：考试结果的处理要做出具体的分析指导，重在为学生提供建设性的改进意见，由外激励改变为淡化区别、自我反省，而不应成为给学生“加压”的手段。
前苏联伟大的教育家苏霍姆林斯基曾说：“只评价学习的最终成果，而忽视学生的勤奋、努力程度，这是不公平。不能把评价变成威胁人的东西，任何时侯评价都不可变为贬低个性的手段。”教育家的评价观充满浓郁的人文性，值得我们深思。
新课程的设计以培养国民现代文明素质为宗旨，普通高中教育为学生的终身发展奠定基础，教育的终极目的是人格完善，如果我们对此有深刻的认识和理解，我们就会去反思过往的评价，就会对新课程下的评价作更多的思考和实践，就会对学生多一份宽容和关怀。