❶ 辩论比赛 论题：对于改善错误奖励比惩罚要好 请正反双方都举几个例子,内容要求达到1分钟就可以了
汗 你是几辩啊 就要例子 你方既然是奖励 首先你要知道的是你的出发点是奖励和惩罚都有好处 只是奖励更好 这是打辩论的人都知道的基础 你连个主线都没有 怎么想例子
❷ 英语作文"奖赏还是惩罚,哪个更有利于确保市民的安全"
In today's society,there are many unsafe factors,we in the face at the same time there are also many safe hidden trouble.
Punishment,and of the citizen's prevention is very important.
Countries should formulate strict laws to ensure everyone's safety.
Citizens also need self-defense force.
There are only two forces exist at the same time.
Just can have security of society.
❸ 为什么惩罚更容易导致犯罪的英语作文
Punishments authorized in modern U.S. law include community service, monetary fines, Forfeiture of property, restitution to victims, confinement in jail or prison, and death.
Some civil sanctions are punitive in nature. The primary aim, though, in most civil cases is to compensate the victim. However, a judge or jury may assess Punitive Damages against a party in a civil case if that party's conct was especially wicked. Punitive damages are intended to punish a party or set an example for similar wrongdoers. Though onerous, punitive damages in a civil case do not carry with them the same stigma attached to criminal punishment.
Human transgressions have been punished in various ways throughout history. The standard punishments in ancient Greek and Roman societies were death, Slavery, mutilation (Corporal Punishment), imprisonment, or Banishment. Some punishments were especially creative. In ancient Rome, for example, a person who murdered a close relative was enclosed in a sack with a cock, a viper, a dog, and a monkey, and then cast into the sea.
The ancient punishments were brought to England. Until the nineteenth century, the death penalty, or Capital Punishment, was imposed in England for more than 200 different crimes. Most of these crimes were petty violations, such as pick-pocketing or swindling. A defendant could be hanged, burned at the stake, or beheaded. In some cases the process of death was drawn out. A person found guilty of Treason, for example, was placed on a rack and stretched, hanged until not quite dead, then disemboweled, beheaded, and quartered (cut into four pieces).
Until the nineteenth century, corporal punishment in England could consist of whipping, branding, or the cutting off of a body part. Noses, ears, hands, fingers, toes, and feet were all subject to removal for criminal acts. Often the body part sliced off was the part thought responsible for the act. A pickpocket, for example, might have a hand cut off, and a spy might lose an ear, tongue, or eye. Corporal punishment could be inflicted in addition to other punishments, such as banishment, forced labor, or short-term incarceration.
The American colonies adopted and cultivated the traditional punishments of England. The most common punishments were corporal and capital. Petty criminals were often sentenced to a combination of corporal punishment and incarceration in jail for several months. The punishment for more serious crimes was usually death.
Punishment was the most comprehensive and severe in colonies founded on religious principles. In Massachusetts, controlled by the Puritans, a woman who committed Altery could be forced to wear the letter A in public as a punishing reminder of her conct. Men who committed altery were put to death, as were those who engaged in bestiality.
The witch trials in Salem, Massachusetts, illustrated the inventiveness of punishment in some of the colonies. In 1692, 19 people were executed after children claimed that several women were practicing witchcraft. One of the alleged witnesses, who refused to participate in the trials, was slowly pressed to death under the weight of heavy rocks.
Theories of Punishment
Governments have several theories to support the use of punishment to maintain order in society.
Theories of punishment can be divided into two general philosophies: utilitarian and retributive. The utilitarian theory of punishment seeks to punish offenders to discourage, or "deter," future wrongdoing. The retributive theory seeks to punish offenders because they deserve to be punished.
Under the utilitarian philosophy, laws should be used to maximize the happiness of society. Because crime and punishment are inconsistent with happiness, they should be kept to a minimum. Utilitarians understand that a crime-free society does not exist, but they endeavor to inflict only as much punishment as is required to prevent future crimes.
The utilitarian theory is "consequentialist" in nature. It recognizes that punishment has consequences for both the offender and society and holds that the total good proced by the punishment should exceed the total evil. In other words, punishment should not be unlimited. One illustration of consequentialism in punishment is the release of a prison inmate suffering from a debilitating illness. If the prisoner's death is imminent, society is not served by his continued confinement because he is no longer capable of committing crimes.
Under the utilitarian philosophy, laws that specify punishment for criminal conct should be designed to deter future criminal conct. Deterrence operates on a specific and a general level. General deterrence means that the punishment should prevent other people from committing criminal acts. The punishment serves as an example to the rest of society, and it puts others on notice that criminal behavior will be punished.
Specific deterrence means that the punishment should prevent the same person from committing crimes. Specific deterrence works in two ways. First, an offender may be put in jail or prison to physically prevent her from committing another crime for a specified period. Second, this incapacitation is designed to be so unpleasant that it will discourage the offender from repeating her criminal behavior.
Rehabilitation is another utilitarian rationale for punishment. The goal of rehabilitation is to prevent future crime by giving offenders the ability to succeed within the confines of the law. Rehabilitative measures for criminal offenders usually include treatment for afflictions such as mental illness, chemical dependency, and chronic violent behavior. Rehabilitation also includes the use of ecational programs that give offenders the knowledge and skills needed to compete in the job market.
The counterpart to the utilitarian theory of punishment is the retributive theory. Under this theory, offenders are punished for criminal behavior because they deserve punishment. Criminal behavior upsets the peaceful balance of society, and punishment helps to restore the balance.
The retributive theory focuses on the crime itself as the reason for imposing punishment. Where the utilitarian theory looks forward by basing punishment on social benefits, the retributive theory looks backward at the transgression as the basis for punishment.
According to the retributivist, human beings have free will and are capable of making rational decisions. An offender who is insane or otherwise incompetent should not be punished. However, a person who makes a conscious choice to upset the balance of society should be punished.
There are different moral bases for retribution. To many retributivists, punishment is justified as a form of vengeance: wrongdoers should be forced to suffer because they have forced others to suffer. This ancient principle was expressed succinctly in the Old Testament of the Judeo-Christian Bible: "When a man causes a disfigurement in his neighbour … it shall be done to him, fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth…."
To other theorists, retribution against a wrongdoer is justified to protect the legitimate rights of both society and the offender. Society shows its respect for the free will of the wrongdoer through punishment. Punishment shows respect for the wrongdoer because it allows an offender to pay the debt to society and then return to society, theoretically free of guilt and stigma.
A third major rationale for punishment is denunciation. Under the denunciation theory, punishment should be an expression of societal condemnation. The denunciation theory is a hybrid of Utilitarianism and retribution. It is utilitarian because the prospect of being publicly denounced serves as a deterrent. Denunciation is likewise retributive because it promotes the idea that offenders deserve to be punished.
The U.S. conception of punishment is a combination of the utilitarian, retributive, and denunciation theories. The most widely accepted rationale for punishment in the United States is retribution. If convicted, the sentence a defendant receives is always, at least in part, a form of retribution.
A sentence may, however, combine utilitarian ideals with retribution. For example, a defendant sentenced to prison for several years is sent there to quench the public's thirst for vengeance. At the same time, ecational programs inside the prison reflect the utilitarian goal of rehabilitation.
Our legal system shows its adherence to utilitarian ideals in the creation of systems such as pretrial diversion programs,Probation, and Parole. These systems seek to limit punishment to the extent necessary to protect society. The utilitarian philosophy is also reflected in the assignment of different punishments for different crimes and in the notion that the amount of punishment a convicted criminal receives should be in proportion to the harm caused by the crime. For example, murder calls for imprisonment or even the death penalty. A simple Assault and Battery with no serious injuries is usually punished with a short jail sentence or probation and a fine.
Judges generally have the discretion to fashion punishment according to the needs of both society and the defendant. This is an expression of utilitarian tenets. However, judicial discretion in sentencing is limited. In some cases statutes require judges to impose mandatory minimum prison sentences as punishment, and these laws stand as a monument to the retributive theory.
❹ 在企业管理中，激励比惩罚更有效
激励优于惩罚的道理并不复杂，但实施起来并不那么容易。直至现在，一些民营企业（尤其是中小企业）的老板，仍然改变不了对惩罚的崇拜。这样的老板永远只能是苦苦经营的小老板。
激励举报者的故事
在几乎每一个公园里都写着“凡偷盗花木者罚款若干”。但在纽约市的一个植物园里却写着“凡举报偷盗花木者，奖励若干”。结果在前一类公园中，花木被窃的事时有发生，而在纽约这家植物园，花木保护得很好。
爱美之心人皆有之，顺手牵羊地偷几束公园的花就难以避免。挂上“爱护花木，人人有责”或者“请君自重，勿折花木”之类的警示牌，几乎没什么用——面对顽固的人性，道德说教是软弱无力的，必须有一种保护花木的机制。“罚款若干”是惩罚机制，举报者奖励若干是激励机制。从这个例子中可以看出，激励比惩罚有效。
效率工资使怠工消失
其实这样的例子过去和现在都不少见。在20世纪初，工人怠工是一个令工厂主防不胜防，极为头痛的问题。雇了拿摩温（工头）监督工人，发现怠工即开除，惩罚够重的了，但作用并不大。总不能每个工人一个拿摩温，即使这些拿摩温再敬业，也监督不过来。后来福特汽车公司采用了远远高于市场工资的效率工资，怠工奇迹般地消失了。
效率工资的激励作用在于改变了怠工的成本与收益。怠工的成本是被发现后开除的风险，收益是少支出劳动的享受。当企业支付市场工资（低于效率工资，且各企业相同）时，被一个企业开除可以在其他企业找到相同工资的工作，何况被发现怠工的可能性并不大。因此，怠工的成本低，怠工就司空见惯了。但当企业支付效率工资时，被开除后难以找到这样高工资的工作，怠工的成本就加大了。怠工成为成本大于收益的非理性行为，怠工自然消除了。公园的情况与此类似。尽管偷盗花木被惩罚，但被管理者发现的风险并不大，毕竟不是满公园都站着管理者。当对举报者进行奖励时，公园的游人受此激励都成了管理者，偷盗花木被发现的可能性太大了，成了一件风险极大的事，居心不良者当然不敢有所作为了。在这种情况下，对公众监督的激励当然比对偷盗花木者的惩罚要有效得多。
激励与惩罚要达到的目的是相同的，比如上面说到的保护花木或消除怠工，或者说它们的收益是相同的。但这两种机制发生作用的方式不同，成本也不同。采用激励机制时，其作用是自发的，行为者按激励所要达到的目的去行事，简单而见效。给举报者奖励，就自发地把千百万游人变成了不领工资的管理者，实行效率工资，就无须拿摩温。采用惩罚机制时，其作用是消极的，还需要更多支出，例如，雇用专职监督人员及必要的设施等。这又引出了两个问题。一是监督者也是人，他们也有个人利益，可能收取被监督者的贿赂，实现鼠猫联盟，共同作案。这类事情现实中也不少见。即使用机器监督，操纵者还是人。二是只要收益大于成本，被监督者就会用各种方式来逃避监督，被监督者的智慧往往令监督者防不胜防。历史上工人怠工的妙法，完全可以编一套多卷本的“怠工大全”。偷盗花木的方式也令人匪夷所思。
激励推动廉政
激励优于惩罚的道理并不复杂，但实施起来并不那么容易。直至现在，一些民营企业（尤其是中小企业）的老板仍然改变不了对惩罚的崇拜。愿意雇监工，对工人规定各种惩罚条款，但却舍不得给工人增加工资。这样的老板可以称为“当代周扒皮”，永远只能是苦苦经营的小老板。
当然，这些小老板的作为只要不违法，我们也无可奈何。一些由农民发家而成的小老板，其周扒皮情结也是溶入血液里了，我懒得劝他们。但就整个社会的制度而言，激励优于惩罚却是重要的。当前社会关注的热点之一，是干部和国企领导人的腐败问题。每年都要抓捕、甚至枪毙一批腐败干部，惩罚是相当严重的。但为什么腐败有加剧的趋势，由个人腐败变为集体腐败，由几十万变为若干亿呢？其实惩罚对制止腐败的作用往往是暂时的、有限的。明朝的开国皇帝朱元璋打击腐败的力度，恐怕是中外历史上最大的。贪官被满门抄斩，甚至被剥皮的做法，威慑力不可谓不大。但明代也是中国历史上官员最腐败的时代之一。
换一个思路应该是激励。这种激励应该包括两个内容。一是高薪养廉。我并不是说，高薪者必定廉，毕竟人的贪婪是无限的，但高薪是廉的必要条件（不是充分条件）。当官员的合法收入不足以使他过上与自己身份相称的生活时，贪污的诱惑就要大得多。明清两代官员收入极低，这是当时官场腐败的原因之一。二是奖励举报者。像纽约那个植物园那样，让官员置于社会和人民的监督之下。美国经济学家、诺贝尔奖获得者阿瑟•刘易斯总结20世纪以后官场风气改变时，就把新闻监督作为重要原因之一。20世纪30年代美国新闻界以揭发政治家腐败为中心的“扒粪运动”有力推动了廉政之风。新闻界的“扒粪运动”使它们吸引了消费者，有了广告，让媒体通过“扒粪”来吸引读者就是激励——相当于对举报者奖励若干。
动听的道德说教和严厉的惩罚，都不如激励机制。按着这个思路去设计制度，世界就会更美好。
❺ 奖励比惩罚更适合的英语作文
1.
Study on Project Payment Scheling Problems with Bonus-Penalty Structure from Two Viewpoints
具有奖励惩罚结构的项目支付进度问题研究:双重角度
2.
CHAPTER VII AWARDS AND PENALTIES
3.
The Functional Analysis of Encouragement and Penalty on Children s Socialization;
奖励与惩罚对儿童社会化的功能分析
4.
You will be praised or blamed according as your work is well done or not.
根据你的工作表现好坏，将给予奖励或惩罚。
5.
In a position to receive greater penalties or bonuses as a result of having won one game of a rubber. Used of bridge partners.
有局方的作为已赢得决胜盘的结果，处于收到较多惩罚或奖励的形势。用于桥牌的参与方
6.
Encouragement or Punishment:A Study of Incentive Mechanism Preventing Operational Mistakes in Financial Enterprise
奖励还是惩罚:金融企业控制操作失误的激励机制研究
7.
Punishment, like rewards, makes sense only under the assumption that it will serve as a cause for future behavior.
惩罚与奖励类似，只有在起到影响将来行为的作用时才有意义。
8.
Supply Chain Collaboration Mechanism Based on Penalty and Bonus under Asymmetric Information
非对称信息下基于惩罚和奖励的供应链协同机制
9.
On Reasonable Use of Encouragement and Punishment in Primary and Middle School Ecation--theoretical models and practical countermeasures;
论中小学教育中奖励与惩罚的合理使用——理论模型与实践对策
10.
Chapter VII Rewards and Penalties
第七章 奖励与处罚
11.
Consequently, enforcement policies are often designed to punish the most blatant violators and/or encourage voluntary compliance by the largest numbers of entities.
结果，执行政策就成了惩罚严重违法者或鼓励公众自觉遵守法规。
12.
But Rice told C television that Ru ia and China have signed on to the two paths a roach of incentives and punishment.
但是赖斯对美国有线电视新闻网说，俄罗斯和中国已经同意采取奖励加惩罚的双轨行动。
13.
Something, such as the fear of punishment or the expectation of reward, that inces action or motivates effort.
刺激；诱因；动机引起行动或激发努力的某事，比如对惩罚的恐惧或对奖励的期望
14.
They don’t need to be slapped on the wrist when they fail. They do need to be rewarded, or at least acknowledged, when they succeed.
他们需要的不是在失败时的象征性惩罚，而是在成功时受到奖励或至少得到认可。
15.
The Congress and others have to ask themselves whether it is possible to maintain an agreement without either sanctions or incentives.
国务诸公及其他人士务请自问：没有奖励，也无惩罚，一项协议如何能得以维持。
16.
Manager Incentive Mechanism: Internal Participation, External Market Punishment and Internal Governance Punishment;
经理人的激励机制:内部分成激励、外部市场惩罚与内部治理惩罚
17.
In nature there are no rewards or punishments; there are consequences.
自然界中?奖赏和惩罚，只有因果报应。
18.
The state or fact of deserving reward or punishment.
应得到奖赏或惩罚的状态或事实. 参考 造句
❻ 奖励永比惩罚好作文
将痛苦放大是对自己的一种惩罚。在挫折中将痛苦缩小未尝不是对自己的一种奖励。——题记
奖励自己是多方面的。我们在得意时的自我激励；我们在失意时的自我安慰。但当我们身陷于挫折之中时，该如何来奖励自己？
唐代的李白曾几何时面临挫折。他没有沉浸的痛苦中，而是出去游山玩水。因此当上了浪漫诗仙；范仲淹也是一个很好的例子，如果他因被降职而一蹶不振，哪里还有《岳阳楼记》的佳作；初唐四杰之一的王勃如果因挫折而倒下。怎么还有流传至今的“海内存知己，天涯若比邻。“
他们将挫折缩到最小，才能成为空前的大文学家。可是如果沉迷在痛苦中，只会将痛苦无限放大，作出错误的选择。
刘备是三国时期的君主。刘备的二弟在麦城败走后，刘备意气用事，竟发动全蜀的兵力去伐吴，但被火烧连营，失败而归。正因为这个错误，他兴复汉室的大志与生前的努力全部付之东流。导致了“白帝城托孤”这一惨剧。
我们不能因为遇到了小的挫折就使自己的目标止步。要在挫折中学会反思，要在挫折中奖励自己。要在挫折中学会反思，要在挫折中学会奖励自己，才能使痛苦缩小。人生就是这样“不如意十常八九，常与人言无二三。”
将痛苦放大是对自己的惩罚，在挫折中奖励自己，将痛苦缩小，才能走出迷途，抛离绝望。
正因为这样，才有李白释怀的幸福；
正因为这样，才有范仲淹豪迈的幸福；
正因为这样，才有王勃豁达的幸福。
奖励自己，就是使自己美好的人生锦上添花。
❼ 奖励比惩罚的效果更好。这句话描述是否正确
这个要看情况.事事没来绝对.奖励和惩罚自没有好不好 只是适不适合！
比如说 一群工人每天都很辛苦的干活.饭都吃不饱.
而制度只有惩罚没有奖励 我相信效益会更加差. 如果说谁能够完成工作.饭可以吃饱而且还有额外的肉吃.不用说也知道结果会怎么样了
❽ 预防和惩罚哪个更好的英语作文
惩罚~~~！！！！！因为好写啊！！
❾ 写一篇奖励比批评更重要的英语作文
Everyone wants to be appreciated and praised by others for what they do and what they say. For instance children want to be praised by their parents. Students want to be praised by their teachers. Employees want to be praised by their employers. It seems that praise is like sunlight to us we can't flower and grow without it.
But it is a pity that while most of us are only too ready to blow the cold wind of harsh criticism on others we are somehow reluctant to give people around us the warm sunshine of praise. For example most mothers are always not satisfied with the progress their children made at school Most teachers always drown their students
compositions in critical red ink instead of commenting favorably on them. Most employersarealways criticalabout what their employees have done instead of giving encouragement to them. proces may be great. So let's be alert to the small excellence around us and comment on them. We will not only bring joy into other people's lives but also very often add happiness to our own.