㈠ 牛津版高中英语必修五单词读法
that's simple, pickup anyone English dictionary and there will be a one-page phonetic syllables, learn it and you will know what's the correct pronounciation of the words by using the dictionary.
㈡ 牛津高中英语必修五第一单元的作文怎样写
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㈢ 我也要 高中牛津英语必修五的单词录音mp3
那个没用,还不如自己读呢
㈣ 牛津高中英语必修五unit2wordbook答案
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㈤ 牛津高中英语必修5,6单词表
U1--U5
UNIT1
Albert Einstein 阿伯特•爱因斯坦(20世纪 杰出的科学家)
genius n.天才;创造力
inspiration n.灵感; 鼓舞人心的人(或事物)
perspiration n.汗水;出汗
Alfred North Whitehead 艾尔弗雷德•诺思•怀特黑 德(英国数学家)
undertake vt.&vi.(undertook, undertaken) 着手做;从事;承担
analysis n. ([复]analyses)分析;分解
obvious adj.显然的;明显的
within prep. 在……里面; 在……范围之内
quote n.引语;引文; (常用复数)引号
agriculture n.农学;农业
gravity n.重力;引力;地心吸力
radioactivity n.放射性;放射现象;放射线
curious adj.好奇的;好求知的; 爱打听隐私的
branch n.(学科)分科;树枝;支流; 支线;分支机构
debate n.辩论;争论 vt.与……辩论;争论 vi.辩论;争论;参加辩论
biologist n.生物学家
scan vt.浏览;细看;反复察看
Stephen Hawking 斯蒂芬•霍金(英国科学家)
PhD 哲学博士学位;博士学位
Doctor of Philosophy 哲学博士学位;博士学位
boundary n.分界线;边界;界限
promising adj.有前途的;有希望的
graate n.大学毕业生;毕业生
incurable adj.(人或病)医不好的; 不可救药的;无法补救的
work on 继续工作
go by 过去;走过
engage vt. 使订婚;约定;雇用;使从事
be engaged to sb 与某人订婚
get engaged to sb 与某人订婚
Jane Wilde 简•怀尔德(女子名)
go on with 继续某种行为
research n.探索;调查;研究 vt.&vi.调查;研究
dream of 梦想;梦到
exploration n.探究;考察;勘探
wheelchair n.(病人等用的)轮椅
disable vt.使丧失能力
theory n. 理论;原理;学说;推测
Roger Penrose 罗杰•彭罗斯(美国数学家 和物理学家)
seek vt.&vi.(sought,sought) 寻找;探索;追求
misunderstand vt.(misunderstood, misunderstood)误解;误会
turn out 结果(是); 证明(是);原来(是)
scientific adj.科学(上)的; 符合科学规律的
observe vt.观察;察觉到;遵守; 庆祝(节日等)
observation n.注意;观察;观测
match vt.和……相配; 和……相称;使较量 vi.相配;相称
predict vt.&vi. (作)预言;(作)预测;预计
use up 用完;用尽
unhappiness n.悲伤;不幸
Newton 牛顿(英国著名物理学家)
DNA 脱氧核糖核酸 (基因的基本成分)
crime n. 罪;犯罪活动;不法行为
be satisfied with 对……表示满意或满足
astronomer n.天文学家
Galileo Galilei 伽利略•伽利莱(意大利数 学家、天文学家和哲学家)
microscope n.显微镜
telescope n.望远镜
take a look at 看
what if 倘使……将会怎样; 即使……又有什么要紧
Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯•培根 (英国作家、哲学家和 政治家)
geographer n.地理学家
heaven n.(常用复数)天;天空; (常作H-)天国;上帝
Copernicus 哥白尼(波兰天文学家)
the other way around 相反地;从相反方向; 用相反方式
intelligent adj.理解力强的;有才智的
patient adj. 忍耐的;容忍的;有耐心的
experiment vi.进行实验;进行试验
UNIT 2
media n.(medium的复数)宣传工具; 新闻媒体;传媒
reliable adj.可靠的;可信赖的;确实的
fire vt.解雇;开除 vi.开枪;射击
face vt. 面临;面对;正视
difficulty n.困难;难事
nosy adj.爱管闲事的
Gray 格雷(男子名)
editor n.编辑;编者
reason n.原因;动机;理性;道理 vt.&vi.说服;推论;劝说
elect vt.&vi.选举;推选
go up 上升;增长;攀登
burn down (使)烧成平地;烧毁
injure vt. 损害;伤害;使蒙受损失
rumour n.谣言;传闻
headline n.(报刊的)大字标题;章节 标题;[复]头版重要新闻
inform vt.通知;告诉
informed adj.有知识的;见闻广的; 了解情况的
relate vi.&vt.有关;涉及
relate sb 理解或同情某人
relate sth 理解或同情某事物
relate to 有关;涉及
relate...to 与……有关;涉及
talent n.天资;天赋;才能
talented adj.有才能的;天资高的
switch vt.转变;改变 n.开关;转换器
for once 就这(那)一次
interviewee n.被接见者;被采访者; 被面试者
interviewer n.接见者;采访者; 进行面试者
present vt.呈现;描述;介绍;赠送
present adj.现在的;在场的
reflect vt.反映;表现;反射 (光、热、声等);映出;反省
truthfully adv.说真话地;诚实地
effort n.努力;艰难的尝试; 努力的成果
passion n.激情;热情;热爱
spiritual adj.精神(上)的;心灵的
fulfilment n.满足;履行;实践;完成 (任务、计划等)
seldom adv.很少;不常;难得
AIDS n.艾滋病 (获得性免疫缺损综合症)
addict vt. 使沉溺;使入迷;使醉心
be addicted to 沉溺于
social adj.社会的;社交的
ignore vt.不顾;不理;忽视
even if 即使;纵然;虽然
attention n.注意;专心;留心
draw attention to 对……表示注意
on all sides 在各方面;到处
tolerate vt.忍受;容忍
critical adj.批评(性)的;评论(性)的; 爱挑剔的;关键的;危急的
source n.根源;来源;源头
change one's mind 改变主意
current adj.当前的;现行的;通用的
affair n. 事;事情;(常用复数)事务
current affairs 时事
concern vt.使担忧;使烦恼; 对……负责任; 与……有牵连 n.担心;忧虑;焦急
neutral adj.中立的;公平的
telegram n.电报
locate vt.使坐落于;指出某物(人)的 准确位置或地点
retire vi.退休;退职;撤退
complete vt.完成;结束 adj.完整的;全部的
overseas adj.国外的;海外的 adv.到海外;在国外
David Beckham 戴维•贝克汉姆 (英国足球明星)
Tiger Woods 老虎伍兹 (美国职业高尔夫球运动员)
look up to 尊敬;钦佩
bore vt.使厌烦
fall in love with... 爱上……
attitude n.态度;看法;姿态
disappoint vt.使失望; 使(计划等)受挫折
troublemaker n.惹事生非者;闹事者; 麻烦制造者
guard n.守卫;警戒;看守;哨兵
responsible adj.有责任的; 可靠的;负责的
caring adj.表示或感到关怀和关心的
citizen n.公民;市民;(城镇)居民
demonstrate vi.进行示 威游行(或集会);示范 vt.论证;证明; (用实例、实验等)说明
polluter n.造成污染者;污染源
arm vt.武装;用武器装备 n.(常用复数)武器;兵器
comparison n.比较;对照
update vt.更新;改造;使现代化; 为……提供最新消息
checklist n.(对现有的或已处理的项目 进行查点的)清单
UNIT3
architecture n.建筑学;建筑业; [总称]建筑物;建筑风格
architect n.建筑师;设计师
preference n.偏爱;喜好;优先
design vt.&n.设计;计划
Danny 丹尼(男子名)
furniture n.[总称]家具
taste n.爱好;鉴赏力;味道;味觉
sofa n.(长)沙发
heater n.加热器
honey n.蜂蜜;花蜜;(常用作称呼)宝贝儿
modern adj.现代的; 时髦的;现代派的
convenient adj.方便的;近便的
block n.大建筑物; 一排房屋;街区; 大块(木料、石料或金属)
apartment n.房间;<美>一套公寓房间
style n. 风格;式样;作风;文体
old-style adj.旧式风格的
stand vt.忍受;经受;承担
passage n.段落;走道
ugly adj.丑陋的;难看的
modernism n.(文学、艺术等方面的) 现代主义
construct vt.建造;建设
construction n.建造; 建设;建造方法;建造物
unnatural adj.不自然的;不正常的; 出乎意料的
steel n.钢
concrete n.混凝土; 具体(或有形)的事物 adj.具体的;有形的;实在的
impress vt.铭刻; 给……极深的印象;使感动
roof n.屋顶;顶部
act as 充当;扮演;担当
unfriendly adj.不友好的;有敌意的; 冷漠的
cathedral n.教区总教堂;大教堂
Antonio Gaudi 安东尼奥•高迪 (西班牙建筑师)
balcony n.阳台
Barcelona n.巴塞罗那(西班牙港市)
fantastic adj.想像出来的;奇异的; 荒诞的
despite prep.不管;不顾;任凭
create vt.创造;创作;创建
Frank Lloyd Wright 弗兰克•劳埃德•赖特 (美国建筑师)
seashell n.海贝壳
the Opera House (悉尼)歌剧院
sail n.帆;蓬
stadium n.(有看台的)露天体育场
net n.网;网状物;网状系统
nest n.(鸟)巢;窝;穴
fill up with... 用……装满
structure n.结构;构造;建筑物
belong vi.属(于);是……成员
belong to 属于;是……成员
paint vt.在(某物上)涂颜料或油漆; 用颜料绘画 n.涂料;颜料
aside adv.在旁边; 在一边;到(或向)旁边
set aside 把……置于一旁;留出;拨出
workshop n. 车间;作坊;(文艺)创作室; 研讨会
rent vt.租用;出租 n.租金
development n.发展;生长
teahouse n.茶馆;茶室
UNIT4
poem n.诗;韵文;诗体文
poetry n.[总称]诗;诗篇
poet n.诗人
intention n.意图;目的;打算
recite vt. 背诵;朗诵
limerick n.五行打油诗
Peru n.秘鲁(南美洲国家)
Singapore n.新加坡(东南亚国家)
mad adj. 疯狂的;精神错乱的
pattern n.型;模式;方式
dialogue n.对话;(文学、戏剧、 电影中的)对白
put...together 把……结合成一整体;装配
sort vt.将事物分类;整理 n.种类;类型
fantasy n.想像;幻想;幻想出来的东西
loneliness n.孤独;寂寞
sadness n. 悲哀;难过
George Gordon Byron 乔治•戈登•拜伦 (英国诗人)
Robert Frost 罗伯特•弗罗斯特 (美国诗人)
John Keats 约翰•济慈(英国诗人)
play with 玩;玩耍;游戏
grammar n.语法;语法学
call up 召唤;使人想起; 调动(力量、人员等); 提出(议案等);(给……) 打电话
stand out 突出;显眼; 远远超过某人(物)
glory n.光荣;荣誉;荣耀的事;壮丽
sonnet n.十四行诗
John Donne 约翰•多恩(英国诗人)
John Milton 约翰•弥尔顿 (英国诗人和政治家)
absence n.不在;缺席;缺乏
Alexander Pope 亚历山大•蒲柏(英国诗人)
William Wordsworth 威廉•华兹华斯(英国诗人)
district n.地区;区域
the Lake District (英格兰西北部的)湖区
isle n.(用于诗歌或 地名中)岛;小岛
atmosphere n.气氛;情绪;大气;大气层
introction n.序言;介绍;引进
translate vt.翻译;用简单易懂的语言表达
translation n.翻译;译文
embrace vi.&n.拥抱
light up 照亮;使放光彩; 点上(烟等)吸起来
come into being 出现;形成;产生
tale n.故事;传闻
send for 使某人来到; 要求将某物取来或送到
shade n.(色彩的)浓 淡深浅;(图画、照相等的) 暗部;荫;阴凉处
extraordinary adj. 特别的;不平常的;惊人的
idiom n.习语; 成语;语言习惯用法
st n.灰尘;尘土; 粉尘
crow n.鸦;乌鸦
hemlock n.<美>铁杉;铁杉木
mood n.心境;情绪;语气
rue n.<古>后悔;悲叹
apart adv.相隔; 相距;除去;单独地
insane adj.精神错乱的;疯狂的
Richard Marx 理查德•马科斯
essay n.论说文;散文;随笔
recommend vt.推荐;介绍;建议
contribute vi.作出贡献;捐献;投(稿) vt.贡献;提供;捐献;投稿
contribute to... 为……作贡献(或捐款); 有助于……;向……投稿
UNIT5
Ireland n.爱尔兰(西欧国家); 爱尔兰岛(西欧)
county n.郡(英国 最大的地方行政区); (美国及其他国家的)县 (州以下的行政区)
consist vi.由……组成;由……构成
consist of 由……组成; 由……构成
state n.国家;政府;州;状态 vt.陈述;声明;阐明
powerful adj.强有力的;强大的; 权力大的;强健的
mistaken adj.错误的;弄错的
narrow adj.狭的;狭窄的;狭隘的
be made up of 由……组成
unknown adj.未知的;不出名的
make the most of 充分利用;充分展示
diversity n.差异;多样性
hold together (使)连在一起; (使)团结一致
Northern Ireland 北爱尔兰(大不列颠及北爱 尔兰联合王国的一部分)
republic n.共和国;共和政体
Dublin n.都柏林(爱尔兰共和国首都)
Irish n.爱尔兰语; [the ~]爱尔兰人 adj.爱尔兰的;爱尔兰人的
Europe n.欧洲
the English Channel 英吉利海峡
form vt.形成;构成;组成
Wales n.威尔士(英国的一部分)
the Irish Sea 爱尔兰海
the Isle of Man 马恩岛
Atlantic adj.大西洋(沿岸)的 n.[the ~]大西洋
the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
general adj.一般的;普通的
in general 一般地;大体上
influence n.影响;作用;势力 vt.影响; 对……有作用
basis n.([复]bases)基础;根据; 基本原则
inland adj.内地的;内陆的 adv.在内地;向内地
conquer vt.&vi.征服;克服;得胜
upper adj.(地位或等级、权力等) 较高的;较上的;上院的; 北部的
union n.联合;合并;团结;联邦;协会
Welsh n.威尔士语; [the ~]威尔士人 adj.威尔士的;威尔士人的; 威尔士语的
judge vt.&vi.判断;判决;评价 n.法官;(比赛等的)裁判员
queen n.女王;王后; 女酋长;女神
cigarette n.纸烟;香烟;卷烟
proof n.证据;证物;证明
own vt.拥有 adj.自己的 n.属于自己的东西(或人)
Daniel Defoe 丹尼尔•笛福(英国作家)
Salisbury n. 索尔兹伯里(英国城市)
foot n.([复]feet) (长度单位)英尺
Christchurch n.克赖斯特彻奇(英国城市)
employ vt.雇用;利用
namely adv.即;那就是
sheet n.被单;床单;薄板
grain n.谷物;谷类植物
westwards adv.向西
approach vt.向……靠近;接近;与……打 交道;着手处理(问题等) n.靠近;接近;入门;途径; (处理问题的)方法
historical adj.历史的;有关历史的; 按年代顺序的
the BBC World Service 英国广播公司全球服务
council n.委员 会;(商谈、讨论、顾问等) 会议;社团
必修六
unit 1
laughter
stand-up
humour
well-loved
comedy
comedian
make fun of
response
in response to
reaction
main
observational
prop
physical
impressionist
make jokes about
humorous
queue
queue up
visual
tennis
stage
actor
act
academy
award
routine
live
little-known
toothbrush
mirror
outstanding
improvise
microphone
lip
sppropriate
silent
silent film
howl
amuse
brain
saying
soon after
script
somehow
vital
entertainment
enthusiastic
super
tough
worthwhile
crosstalk
master
foreigner
take on
initial
move on
dialogue
in pairs
skilled
skill
invisible
bench
setting
courtyard
for a while
shift
cross
uncross
notebook
go on
cosy
annoyed
wander
crowded
entire
king
throne
majesty
raise
eyebrow
meaningfully
stack
official-looking
paper
bow
dash
re-enter
fool
tear
exit
chase
emergency
darling
burst
burst in
empty-handed
shrug
poster
glare
glare at
Your Highness
hold
roll
a roll of
toilet paper
unit 2
injure
struggle
disability
simply
psychologist
gymnast
in hospital
gymnastics
tournament
dedicated
junior
event
vault
energetic
apart
apart from
devote
devote oneself to
rush
specialist
severe
injury
cheer
cheer up
in good spirits
hopeless
overcome
disappointment
accomplish
adapt
journalism
disabled
positive
optimistic
inspire
courage
admirable
rebuild
unbearable
unfortunate
sympathy
admiration
across the world
role model
obey
star
arrange
coach
believe in
allocate
adequate
confused
whichever
quit
be tired of
unhappy
encouragement
guidance
ahead of
at that point
golden
rush
in a rush
independent
worry
innocent
income
adolescence
accompllishment
vivid
hunger
communicate
guarantee
workday
assist
automatic
instant
maximum
company
minimum
mature
secure
motivation
unit 3
difference
guys
accumulate
topic
native
accent
unbelievable
yeah
tradition
turkey
celebration
in celebration of
settler
chant room
end-of-term
wedding
confetti
embarrassing
newly-wed
souvenir
clarify
banquet
paricipate
reception
bridegroom
bride
alcohol
drum
first finger
thumb
adjust
royal
log off
analyse
excitement
misunderstand
broken
summary
habit
custom
expectation
nationality
homeland
anyway
youth
wage
overseas
consultant
some day
approval
ambition
incident
feast
pepper
take up
give out
proper
procere
pocket
sign
request
hold up
remark
taboo
Tongan
religion
generally
certain
body language
upsetting
concern
concerned
in contact with
interact
handshake
greeting
slight
palm
shake
shake hands
business card
equally
ethnic
tour
minority
Inuit
sled
canoe
seal
kayak
Arctic
th Arctic Circle
igloo
gathering
swap
take part in
account
bravery
mask
carve
spirit
owl
claw
wolf
skull
Aborigine
aboriginal
belief
ancestral
govern
hunt for
lizard
musical
instrument
musical instrument
didgeridoo
weapon
boomerang
Maori
Polynesian
weave
meet with
Haka
kumara
wrap
steam
oven
Indian
belong
belong to
plain
flat
power
have power over
teepee
buffalo
headdress
peace
peace pipe
bow
arrow
retell
roast
unit 4
refer
ambassador
Goodwill Ambassador
operate
honour
take on
charter
purpose
co-operate
touch
peacekeeping
operation
confilict
beret
worthy
labour
voluntary
press
awareness
draw
rand
sum
fund
under the umbrella of
apart from
urgent
lack
poverty
businesswoman
set out
on behalf of
earthquake
typhoon
civilian
remote
accessible
frustrated
if only
conscience
third world
reference
funding
aspect
precious
remind
charity
collection
face
mountainous
border
expense
somewhat
primitive
firewood
source
fuel
charcoal
well
pump
container
fetch
break down
hardship
basic
roof
occupation
force
farm
protein
malnutrition
means
commitment
chaos
in chaos
flee
unusable
famine
vaccination
die from
measles
bullet
outbreak
water-borne
malaria
typhoid
from place to place
colleague
vacant
temporary
clinic
medication
get hold of
diabetes
minor
cut
heal
bacteria
meanwhile
shelter
remind somebody of
staff
barrier
comfort
think back to
make a difference
indivial
㈥ 牛津译林高中英语必修5单词表
我也找过,但没找到现成的
你可以在http://post..com/f?kz=122570798中找到单词表,自己把它转变回成txt版的吧!
加油!答
㈦ 牛津英语必修五复习提纲
定义及构成
非谓语动词主要包括不定式&动名词&分词(现在分词和过去分词),.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分
它有三种形式:不定式,分词(现在分词、过去分词),动名词
1.非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有:
(1)如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如:
They built a garden.
They suggested building a garden.
(2)都可以被状语修饰:
The suit fits him very well.
The suit used to fit him very well.
(3)都有主动与被动, “体”式(一般式;进行式;完成式)的变化。例如:
He was punished by his parents.(谓语动词被动语态)
He avoided being punished by his parents.(动名词的被动式)
We have written the composition.(谓语动词的完成时)
Having written the composition, we handed it in.(现在分词的完成式)
(4)都可以有逻辑主语
They started the work at once.(谓语动词的逻辑主语)
The boss ordered them to start the work.(动词不定式的逻辑主语)
We are League members.(谓语动词的主语)
We being League member, the work was well done.
(现在分词的逻辑主语)
2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有:
(1)非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
(2)非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
(3)非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。
(4)谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制。
(5)英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。
[编辑本段]功能及用法
(一)动词不定式:(to)+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征.
否定式:not + (to) do
(1)一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后.
例如:
I'm glad to meet you.
He seems to know a lot.
We plan to pay a visit.
He wants to be an artist.
The patient asked to be operated on at once.
The teacher ordered the work to be done.
(2)进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如:
The boy pretended to be working hard.
He seems to be reading in his room.
(3)完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如:
I regretted to have told a lie.
I happened to have seen the film.
He is pleased to have met his friend.
2.不定式的句法功能:
(1)作主语:
To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.
To lose your heart means failure.
动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式:
It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.
It means failure to lose your heart.
常用句式有:1、It+be+名词+to do。2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do。4、It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do。常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。
(2)作表语:
Her job is to clean the hall.
He appears to have caught a cold.
(3)作宾语:
常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如:
Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如:
I have no choice but to stay here.
He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.
动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如:
He gave us some advice on how to learn English.
(4)作宾语补足语:
在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.
此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如:
With a lot of work to do, he didn't go to the cinema.
有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to, 如:
I saw him cross the road.
He was seen to cross the road.
(5)作定语:
动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系:
①动宾关系:
I have a meeting to attend.
注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如:
He found a good house to live in.
The child has nothing to worry about.
What did you open it with?
如果不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词:
He has no place to live.
This is the best way to work out this problem.
如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式:
Have you got anything to send?
Have you got anything to be sent?
②说明所修饰名词的内容:
We have made a plan to finish the work.
③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语:
He is the first to get here.
(6)作状语:
①表目的:
He worked day and night to get the money.
She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.
注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致:
wrong:To save money, every means has been tried.
right:To save money, he has tried every means.
wrong:To learn English well, a dictionary is needed.
right:To learn English well, he needs a dictionary.
②表结果(往往是与预期愿望相反的结果):
He arrived late only to find the train had gone.
I visited him only to find him out.
③表原因:
They were very sad to hear the news.
④表程度:
It's too dark for us to see anything.
The question is simple for him to answer.
(7)作独立成分:
To tell you the truth, I don't like the way he talked.
(8)不定式的省略:保留to省略do动词。
If you don't want to do it, you don't need to.
(9)不定式的并列:第二个不定式可省略to。
He wished to study medicine and become a doctor.
(二)动名词:
动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。
1.动名词的形式: Ving
否定式:not + 动名词
(1)一般式:
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
(2)被动式:
He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。
(3)完成式:
We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。
(4)完成被动式:
He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.
他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。
(5)否定式:not + 动名词
I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。
(6)复合结构:物主代词(或名词所有格)+ 动名词
He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。
His not knowing English troubled him a lot.
他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。
2.动名词的句法功能:
(1)作主语:
Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。
Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。
当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。
It's no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。
(2)作表语:
In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs.
在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。
(3)作宾语:
They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。
We have to prevent the air from being polluted.
我们必须阻止空气被污染。
注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句。此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如:
We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。
要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语:
enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid(避免), excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit(承认),deny(否认), mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk(冒险), appreciate(感激), be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't help(情不自禁地), think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…(from),protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like
(4)作定语:
He can't walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。
Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗?
(5)作同位语:
The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密。
His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged.
他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。
(三)现在分词:
现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。
1、现在分词的形式:
否定式:not + 现在分词
(1)现在分词的主动语态:现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,完成
式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语。例如:
They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。
Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业,他开始打篮球。
(2)现在分词的被动语态:一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动
词之前的被动的动作。
The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。
Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.
被告诉了好几遍,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。
2.现在分词的句法功能:
(1)作定语:现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语做定语
放在名词后。
In the following years he worked even harder.
在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了。
The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.
正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如:in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.
(2)现在分词作表语:
The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。
The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。
be + doing既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。
(3)作宾语补足语:
如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语:
see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。例如:
Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗?
He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。
(4)现在分词作状语:
①作时间状语:
(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人。
②作原因状语:
Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人。
③作方式状语,表示伴随:
He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里,又擦又洗。
④作条件状语:
(If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.
要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间。
⑤作结果状语:
He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎。
⑥作目的状语:
He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。
⑦作让步状语:
Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了。
⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格:
I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head.
我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。
All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.
所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。
Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises.
如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。
有时也可用with (without) +名词(代词宾格)+分词形式
With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。
⑨作独立成分:
udging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor.
从外表看,他一定是个演员。
Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来,女孩子更细心。
(四)过去分词:
过去分词只有一种形式:规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求,要一一记住。
过去分词的句法功能:
1.过去分词作定语:
Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。
Those selected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。
注意当过去分词是单词时,一般用于名词前,如果是过去分词短语,就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
2.过去分词作表语:
The window is broken. 窗户破了。
They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。
注意:be + 过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构,如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别:
The window is broken.(系表)
The window was broken by the boy.(被动)
有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成。如:
boiled water(开水) fallen leaves(落叶)
newly arrived goods(新到的货) the risen sun(升起的太阳)
the changed world(变了的世界)
这类过去分词有:gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。
3.过去分词作宾语补足语:
I heard the song sung several times last week.
上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。
有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语:
With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了,他们出去玩去了。
4.过去分词作状语:
Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.
受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。(表示原因)
Once seen, it can never be forgotten.
一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了。(表示时间)
Given more time, I'll be able to do it better.
如果给予更多的时间,我能做得更好。(表示条件)
Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.
虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。(表示让步)
Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧,他走进山洞。
[编辑本段]典型习题
1.The Olympic Games, ______ in 776 B.C,did’t include women players until 1919.
A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing
析:根据题干,必须选表示被动的选项,故排除A、D;因B选项表“将要被举行”意,不合题干之用,只有C选项(相当于which was first played)才合用。
2.European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport in the world.
A.making B.makes C.made D.to make
析:B、C是谓语动词,在此不可用。D项to make或表目的,或表“将要使得”,这都不合题干情景。只有A.making,可作状语,表结果。再举一现在分词作结果状语例:
The bus was held up by the snowstorm,causing the delay.公共汽车被大风雪所阻,因而耽误了。
3.Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.
A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking
析:根据this evening,应选表示将来义的选项,C、D应排除。Take后无宾语,必然要用被动式,故答案为A。
4.John was made ______ the truck for a week as a punishment.
A.to wash B.washing C.wash D.to be washing
析:根据be made to do sth.句式,可定答案为A。
5.The patient was warned ______ oily food after the operation.
A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating
析:根据warn sb.(not)to do sth.句式,可排除B、D两项;又根据非谓语动词的否定式not总是在首位的规律,又可排除A,而定C。
6.——I usually go there by train. ——Why not ______ by boat for a change?
A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going
析:此题可根据why not后直接跟原形动词规律而一举确定正确答案为D。若将B项改为try to go,则要根据其与try going意义之别来确定答案。依据题干对话内容,乙方是建议甲方尝试乘船变变花样,所以答案仍为D。
7.______ a reply,he decided to write again.
A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received
析:非谓语动词的否定式not应置于首位,B、D皆为错误形式。A项不能表达先于decided的动作,只有选C项才表没收到信在先,决定再写信在后,所以C为正确答案。
8.Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer.
A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having mvented
析:consider表“考虑”意时,其后动词用doing形式,此处不表“考虑”,而表“认为”,这时consider后作宾语补足语或主语补足语多为to do,to have done,to be等形式。据此可排除B、D两个选项。又因A表“要发明”意,不合题用,只有C表“发明了”意,才合题用,故选C。
9.Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South Africa.
A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited
析:“被邀请参加晚会”,应选表被动意的选项,B不可用。D项少引导词who,也应排除。又因短暂动词的现在分词被动式不可作定语,C也应排除,只有A.invited(=who were invited)才是正确答案。
10.The murderer was brought in,with his hands ______ behind his back.
A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tired D.tied
析:B表主动意,应排除。C表“将要被捆绑”,A表“正在被捆绑”都不合题意,只有D项填入空白才能表达“双手被反绑着”这一意思,符合题干情景。再看一类似例句: He came in,(with)his head held high.他昂首走了进来。
㈧ 牛津译林高中英语必修5单词表
反正就要开学了
等发书下来记也不迟啊`
不然
就买参考书 那上会有重点单词以及单词用法的