① 找两句用归化与异化翻译的英文句子
从实例中看归化和异化的关系
我们可以在翻译中体会一下二者的关系:
(1)胡太太叹了口气,看见胡国光还是一肚子心事 似的踱方步。“张铁嘴怎么说的?”
胡太太惴惴的问。
——“很好,不用瞎担心了,我还有委员的福分呢!”
——“么事的桂圆?”妻子没听清楚他的话。(茅盾《动摇》)
译文:——“He gave me a very good news. We need not worry about a job. I have the possibility of being a member of Committee! ”
——“Whats common tea?” asked the wife, who only vaguely caught the sound. (钱歌川译)
译者用目的语的语言表达形式清晰准确地传达原文的意思,属于归化译法。在处理带有源语文化特点的“委员”与“桂圆”的谐音时用异化的方法将其译为“Committee”与 “common tea”的谐音。两种译法的结合使译文通顺流畅,自然贴切,毫无斧凿之痕,达到了“情与貌,略相似”。转
(2)She could not desert Tara she belonged to the red acres far more than they could ever belong to her.(M. Mitchell: Gone with the Wind, p. 20)
译文:她不会放弃塔拉;她属于这些红土地,远比它们属于她更加真实。
上述的译文是按照原文的句法结构把far more than... 译成“远比它们属于她更加真实”,语言表达较生硬,意思不明确,让读者难理解。因此用归化法将其译成这样,似乎更合适:她不能放弃塔拉,这块红土地是属于她的,而她更是永远属于这块红土地。
(3)As I remained in the Third Fourth three times as long as anyone else, I had three times as much of it. I learned it thoroughly. Thus I got into my bones the essential structure of the ordinary English sentence——which is a noble thing. (W. Churchill:“Harrow”)
译文:因为我在四年级三班待得时间是别人的三倍,所以我所受的这种训练也是别人的三倍。我掌握得很彻底。就这样,普通英语句子的基本结构便深入到我的骨髓里——这可是件了不起的事。
get something into ones bones 意思是“牢固掌握”,如果这样归化翻译就舍弃了原文的形象语言,显不出原文的味道来。译者用异化法将其译为“深入到我的骨髓里”显得很生动。
(4)High buildings and large mansions are springing up like mushrooms in Beijing.
译文:在北京,高楼大厦犹如雨后春笋般地涌现。
将“like mushrooms ”译为“雨后春笋”符合中国的地貌风情和语言表达习惯。如果异化译法把它译为“犹如蘑菇般”,虽然体现了原文的风格,但是会让中国的读者难以接受。
小结
归化和异化只是翻译的一种策略,一种手段,无论是归化多些还是异化多些,只要我们在翻译的过程中能将二者结合得很好,将其辩证统一的关系充分体现,既再现了原作的风格,又结合了读者的文化及语言习惯,就是成功的翻译。
② 英文翻译中,归化与异化,直译与意译的区别,麻烦解释的简单易懂些。
归化,是指某个人在出生国籍以外自愿、主动取得其他国家国籍的行为。一般是居住在国外内的人,依据所居国的法律容规定取得新国籍。
在翻译过程中,对文化因素的处理可以采取两种策略:异化和归化。
直译是一种重要的翻译方法,它有不少优点,例如能传达原文意义,体现原文风格等。 直译读音zhíyì英文名[literal translation] 指在翻译过程中按原文逐字逐句一对一的翻译。
意译法是指翻译人员受到译语社会文化差异局限时,舍弃原文的字面意思,采用"动态对等"的方法, 使译文在表达思想和语言功能方面与原文相同的一种方法
③ 情感异化 英语怎么说
emotional alienation
网络 情感异化;
[例句]The Investigation on Present Situation and Cause of College Students 'Life Emotional Alienation
大学生生命情感异化的现版状及成因探讨权
④ 英语翻译 我需要这首诗的异化和归化的翻译,最主要是要用异化方式翻译,采用保留原文民族特色的方式.
The book Four Happy Things in One's Life was written by poet-Li.其中书名用斜体.
⑤ 举两个例子体现归化和异化翻译的不同
”。“归来化”与“异化”是翻自译中常面临的两种选择。所谓“归化”,是指在翻译过程中尽可能用本民族的方式去表现外来的作品;“异化”则相反,认为既然是翻译,就得译出外国的味儿。钱锺书相应地称这两种情形叫“汉化”与“欧化”。
归化和异化,一个要求“接近读者”,一个要求“接近作者”,具有较强的界定性;相比之下,直译和意译则比较偏重“形式”上的自由与不自由。有的文中把归化等同于意译,异化等同于直译,这样做其实不够科学。归化和异化其实是在忠实地传达原作“说了什么”的基础之上,对是否尽可能展示原作是“怎么说”,是否最大限度地再现原作在语言文化上的特有风味上采取的不同态度。两对术语相比,归化和异化更多地是有关文化的问题,即是否要保持原作洋味的问题。
⑥ 翻译理论中的“归化”和“异化”怎么翻译,急急急
归化 domesticating strategies
异化 foreignizing strategies
⑦ 什么是英语翻译中的归化/异化原则
同化:(在目标语言中找意思相似的),这样的翻译便于理解,但缺乏异化能带给读者的新颖感觉专
异化:保留原来语言的属'风味',这样的翻译内容新颖.但没有同化后容易理解.
Rome was not built in a day.
同化:冰冻三尺,非一日之寒.
异化:罗马不是一天建成的.
同样反过来
冰冻三尺,非一日之寒
异化:Rome was not built in a day.
同化:the thick ice is not formed in a day.(也就是自己直接翻译)
这里是从读者为中国人的角度.
⑧ 谁能帮我翻译一下 归化 / 异化
在英汉语中,异化与归化的内涵究竟有多宽?异化 / 归化翻译的结果不能用形似和神似来描述。异化和归化是一种策略,在实践中,直译、改译、增译等方法都可能被采用。作为一对专有翻译术语, Foeignizing translation / domesticating translation 只是在最新的英文学术著作中得到阐述。而 free translation / literal translation 则不然。 “ 看一个翻译是归化翻译还是异化翻译,完全取决于文化形态的重构,翻译在这一形态中得到生产和销售;什么是归化或异化只有在考虑到改变译入语文化的价值关系时才能得到界定。 ”[2] ( Mona Baker, 1998:243 )
“ 当前在对 ‘ 归化 ' 问题的认识上,译界同仁应该区分归化法的两种前提:一是忠实原则下的归化,二是非忠实前提下的归化。前者总体上是规定性的,后者则是描述性的;前者是原语中心论的,后者则是译语和译语文化取向的。 ” (葛校琴, 2002 : 33 )这一区分基本上是对的。然而,我们还可对它们的性质作出区分:忠实原则下的归化是语言层面的,关心的是翻译的艺术效果,是一种翻译的方法;非忠实前提下的归化是文化层面的,关心的是翻译的意识形态,是一种翻译的策略。至今我们讨论的翻译研究存在两种不同的异化和归化,第一种是 Venuti 的术语,已在在前面提到,另一种是一些中国反复使用的归化 / 异化,笔者用英文的 assimilation ( adaptation )和 adaptation 来指代它们。异化和归化翻译表现为文化的思考,从翻译的意识形态看其对文学乃至文化产生的影响,属于文学批评和哲学范畴。带有后殖民的解构意义的异化一词运用到翻译之中是近几年的事,反映在翻译实践上,主要体现为以书写符号为表现形式的文学翻译。
西方学者用一个图表来大致显示 Jerome 对不同性质的翻译所作的区分 [2] ,根据当前关于翻译的归化 / 异化讨论,笔者同样想借用两个图表来揭示它们之间的差异:
1 .( If translation is carried out on the dimension of linguistics )
2. (If translation is carried out on the dimension of cultural studies)
上述图表说明了传统意义上的异化 / 归化和现代意义上的异化 / 归化具有不同的功能与目的,在汉语中我们用同样的词语来表示它们,但在英语中,语言层面的归化 / 异化是用 assimilation (adaptation) / alienation 来表达的 , 而文化层面的归化 / 异化是用 domesticating/ foreignzing 来表达的。当然,我们也可象处理文化一词一样,用首字母大写的 Domesticating/ Foreignzing 来指作为文化策略的归化和异化,用首字母小写的 domesticating/foreignizing 来指当今文化层面上的直译。小写字母的归化 / 异化是意译 / 直译的延伸与发展,而大写字母归化 / 异化是意译 / 直译的革命,开拓了翻译研究的新的领域。
In English and Chinese, alienation and the content of naturalization Just how wide » Alienation / naturalization translation of the results can not be used to describe the shape and spirit likeness. Alienation and naturalization is a strategy, in practice, the literal translation, to translate, by translation, and other methods may be used. As a proprietary translation of the term, Foeignizing translation / domesticating translation only in the latest academic works in English have described. And free translation / literal translation are not. "Read a translation of translation is to the alienation or translation, depends entirely on the cultural patterns of the reconstruction, translation in this form are in proction and sales; What is the naturalization or alienation only taking into account the change in the target language and cultural relations between the value of When can be defined. "[2] (Mona Baker, 1998:243)
"At present in the 'naturalization' awareness of the problem, the translation instry colleagues naturalization law should distinguish between the two premises: First, faithfully under the principles of naturalization, the non-faithful under the prerequisite of naturalization. The former general is to provide sexual , While the latter is descriptive of the former is the original language of the Centre, while the latter is the target language and cultural orientation of the target language. "(GE Xiao Qin, 2002: 33) This distinction is basically correct. However, we can for them to distinguish the nature of: faithfully under the principles of naturalization is the language level, the concern is the translation of the artistic effect, is a translation; non-faithful to the premise of the cultural dimension of care Is the translation of ideology, is a translation of the strategy. So far we discussed the existence of two different translation of alienation and naturalization, the first Venuti is the terminology, have mentioned earlier, and the other is China's repeated use of some of the naturalization / alienation, the author of assimilation in English (Adaptation) and adaptation to refer to them. In the translation of alienation and cultural performance for the thinking, from ideology to see the translation of literary and cultural impact of a literary criticism and philosophical context. Deconstruction of a post-colonial sense of alienation to the use of the word translation of the past few years, reflected in the practice of translation, mainly reflected in the form of written symbols for the performance of literary translation.
Western scholars have generally used a chart to show Jerome's translation of the different nature of the distinction made [2], in accordance with the current translation on the naturalization / alienation of discussion, I would like to borrow the same two charts to reveal the differences between them:
1. (If translation is carried out on the dimension of linguistics)
2. (If translation is carried out on the dimension of cultural studies)
Note the chart above the traditional sense of alienation / naturalization and the modern sense of alienation / naturalization have different functions and purposes, in Chinese, we use the same words to express them, but in English, the language level of naturalization / Alienation is assimilation (adaptation) / alienation to express, and cultural dimensions of the naturalization / alienation is domesticating / foreignzing to express. Of course, we can deal with culture as the word, with initial capital letters of Domesticating / Foreignzing to refer to as a cultural strategy of naturalization and alienation, using the lowercase first letter of domesticating / foreignizing to refer to the contemporary culture at the level of literal translation. Lowercase letters of naturalization / alienation is a free translation / transliteration of the extension and development, and capital letters naturalization / alienation is a free translation / transliteration of the revolution, opened up the translation of the new field of study.
⑨ 英语单词
station所, 站,台,局
attention注意, 专心, 留心
eruption喷发, 爆发
evaluation估价,评价,赋值
civilization文明, 文化
construction建造, 建设; 建筑业
domination控制; 统治
consumption消费, 消耗; 消费(耗)量
commendation赞扬;称赞,荣誉;奖状
oblation祭物, 献神物
illustration插图, 图表, 图案
mention提到, 说起
imposition强加, 被迫接受
nation国家
limitation限制
superstition迷信, 迷信行为
adequation拉平, 拉直, 使平
association协会, 社团
caution小心, 谨慎, 慎重
asumption大前提
connection连接, 联结
conservation保存, 保护, 避免浪费
consideration体贴, 关心
exception例外
emotion情感, 感情, 激情
effection结果, 效果, 影响
affection喜爱, 爱
adiction发音法
addiction吸毒成瘾; 沉溺; 癖好
extinction熄灭, 消灭, 灭绝; 废除
abortion人工流产(手术), 堕胎
fascination魔力,入迷,魅力,迷恋,强烈爱好
formation形成, 构成
generation同时代的人, 一代人, 一代
intention意图, 意向; 目的; 打算
interaction一起活动, 合作, 配合, 相互作用
invention发明, 创造
motion(向…)打手势, 示意
misconception误解, 错误想法, 错误印象
organization团体, 机构
prediction预言; 预言的事物
inhibition抑制; 顾虑
prepration准备功课,预习
relation关系, 联系, 交往
repetition重复, 反复, 重复的事
acception接受, 领受, 收受
section章节,部分
stimulation刺激
telecommunication电信
transaction处理, 办理, 执行
vacation假期
variation变化, 变动(的程度)
vegetation植物(总称); 草木
■以-dation结尾的单词
accommodation n.便利,通融
consolidation n.团结
degradation n.降低,恶化
foundation n.建立,基金,基础
recommendation n.推荐(书)
■以-gation结尾的单词
abrogation n.取消,废除
aggregation n.总计,集合
delegation n.代表团
investigation n.调查
irrigation n.灌溉
navigation n.航行,航海,航空
negation n.否定
obligation n.义务,责任
propagation n.繁殖,传播
■以-lation结尾的单词
correlation n.相互关系
desolation n.荒凉,凄凉
inflation n.充气,通货膨胀
isolation n.隔离,孤立状态
relation n.关系,得害关系
violation n.违犯,侵犯
■以-nation结尾的单词
alienation n.异化
alternation n.改变,变更
assassination n.暗杀
combination n.混合,组合
condemnation n.谴责,判决
destination n.终点,目的地
donation n.捐献
explanation n.说明,解释
imagination n.想象力,想象
inclination n.倾斜,倾向
intonation n.语调,声调
nation n.国家,国民,民族
stagnation n.停滞
⑩ 英语翻译方法 异化的优点 概括一点的
异化是翻译为外国语,按英语表达方法表述。