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初中英语用虚拟语气的单词

发布时间:2021-02-19 11:52:52

㈠ 使用虚拟语气单词

要分好来几种了:
1.表示愿望的自。如wish(用法与if基本一致,时态倒退一级),if only(要是...那就好了)
2.but(前面的句子用虚拟语气),otherwise(后接虚拟语气),...
3.表示建议的意思等词,如suggest,order,demand,recommend,request,insist,advise...这些词的同位语从句中也用虚拟语气。
4.句型It's+adj.+that sb (should) do sth.其中形容词adj可以为important,strange,essential,desired,suggested,proposed,surprising,odd(奇怪),a pity
5.as if ,as though看句子意思判断是否用虚拟语气。
6.句型:sb.would rather +sb.did/had done sth.
7.句型:It's time/high time sb. did sth.

㈡ 初中英语 虚拟语气

应该用现在时,这是可能发生的事,不属于虚拟语气。

㈢ 初中英语虚拟语气的讲解

初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。
虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。 条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。
如果假设的情况可能发生,是真实条件句,这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。如: If time permits, we'll go fishing together.如果时间允许,我们就一起去钓鱼。
如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如: If you had come yesterday, you would have met that famous professor.如果你昨天来,你就会见到那位著名的教授了。(隐含的事实是:你昨天没来,也没见到那位著名教授)。
虚拟语气的基本形式和用法在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
1. 含有条件状语从句的复合句
wish(would rather)+宾语从句
suggest(…)+宾语从句
2. 主 语从句 It is + adj./p.p/n.+ that+ S+ (should) +do
表 语 从句S+is that +s + (should) +do
同位语从句 S+that +s +(should) +do

3. 定语从句 It is (high) time that + S + did,用过去式表现在情况
1. 时态后退型 用过去完成式表过去
两种形式 用过去将来表将来
2. should+动词原形型

内 容 详 述

I. 含有条件状语从句的复合句(以do为例;S=主语)
时 间 条件状语从句 主 句
与现在事实相反的假设 If +S+did… S+would/should/could/might+do…
与过去事实相反的假设 If +S+had done… S+would/should/could/might+have done…
与将来事实相反的假设 did…
If+S should do
were to do
S+would/should/could/might+do…
注意事项:
1.倒装句。如果条件句中含有功能词had,should,were时,可以省去If,把功能词提前,构成倒装句。
2.错综条件句。若条件句和主句动作不存在同一个时间,则谓语形式应根据具体情况而定。
3.If there weren't/had not been +…=without…
4.If it were not for…/ If it hadn't been for…= but for…
5.otherwise+虚拟语气的句子
6.虚拟语气的句子,but+ 陈述事实的句子
II. 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中
sb. did …(希望现在用过去式)
1. wish+that sb. had done…(希望过去用过去完成式)
sb. would/should do(希望将来用过去将来)
2. would rather后的从句要用虚拟语气。
时 间 从 句
虚拟现在 were, did (动词一般过去式)
虚拟过去 had done
虚拟将来 did (动词一般过去式)
例:I would rather I hadn’t said such unkind things to you. (虚拟过去)
I'd rather you came here for the answer tomorrow morning. (虚拟将来)
I’d rather you posted the letter right away. (虚拟现在)
3. suggest+(that)S+should+do…
表示愿望、建议、请求等主观意向的动词之后的宾语从句,谓语用should +动词原形,should常常省略。
这类词有:decide,demand,desire,insist,order,propose,suggest,recommend,requested, require等。
注意:
1. suggest 当“建议”讲时,其宾语从句用虚拟语气;当“暗示、表明”时,用陈述语气
2. insist 当坚持“看法或建议”时,宾语从句用虚拟语气;当坚持“某个事实”时,用陈述语气。
判断改错:(错) Your pale face suggests that you(should)be ill.
(对) Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
(错) I insisted that you(should)be wrong.
(对) I insisted that you were wrong.
III. 虚拟语气用在主语从It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…等结构的主语从句,谓语动词用should 加动词原形,should 可省略。
It is 可用的词有三类 that (should)do
suggested, ordered, required, proposed, demanded, requested, insisted等
important, necessary, natural, imperative, strange等
a pity, a shame, no wonder等

IV.虚拟语气用在同位语从句中。
某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词后同位语从句需用虚拟语气,其表达形式为(should) +动词原形。
这类名词常见的有:advice,suggestion,proposal(提议),order, demand,desire,request,requirement,recommendation(推荐),plan,resolution(决议), idea等。
eg. We are all for your proposal that the discussion ( should )be put off.
V. 虚拟语气用在表语从句中。
某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时,表语从句需用虚拟语气,其表达形式为(should) +动词原形。
这类名词常见的有:advice,suggestion,proposal,order, demand,desire,request,requirement,recommendation以及plan,idea,resolution等。
eg. My suggestion is that the mayor (should)present the prizes.
VI. 虚拟语气用在定语从句中
It is(about /high)time +that sb.did sth/should do sth..
eg. Don't you think it's about time we went home?
注:在this is the first time /second time that...句型中,从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。
eg.Is this the first time that you have visited Hongkong?
VII. 虚拟语气用在让步、方式、目的状语从句中
1.在带有even if/ even though引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句中,主句和从句都用虚拟语气,动词形式与含有非真实条件句的虚拟语气相同。如: Even if he had been ill, he would have gone to his office. 即使生了病,他俩去办公室。
2.由as if或as though引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时。从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或 “had十过去分词”。如: He treated me as if I were a stranger. 他那样对待我,好像我是陌生人似的。She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. 她谈论那部影片,就好像她确实看过一样。
3.虚拟语气用在lest(唯恐、免得),for fear that及in case引导的目的状语从句中。 在由lest等引导的目的状语从句中需用虚拟语气,表示“以防,以免”等意思,其谓语动词多由should +动词原形构成,should也可省略。
eg. He was punished lest he should make the same mistake again.
VIII.虚拟语气用情感语言中
1.虚拟语气在表示客气、遗憾以及祝愿等场合中,使用虚拟语气。
eg.You shouldn't have been following him so closely;you should have kept your distance.
2.If only sb./sth. +时态后退型的谓语
eg. If only I had known the result of the examination.
IX.虚拟语气的特殊用法:
1. 省掉if的条件从句结构:
Had you asked me, I would have told you.
(=If you had asked me,…)
2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示,如:
A true friend would not do such a thing.
(=If he were a true friend, he would...)
3. 有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致,如:
If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.
If I were you, I would have gone home.

㈣ 初中英语“虚拟语气”是什么

虚拟语气
1) 概念

[Subjunctive Mood]
中文译作"虚拟语气"。它是一种动词形式,表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义。

2) 在条件句中的应用

条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。

●虚拟语气的使用范围及判断

一、虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。

二、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断

判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。

判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。

三、“后退一步法”

后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是:

①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。

②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。

③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。

主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。

例:If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.

If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.

If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn’t go out.

四、注意事项

①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。

②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。

●宾语从句中的虚拟语气

一、wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气

wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气,按“后退一步法”处理从句的谓语动词。注意:与哪个事实相反,不能以主句的时态为判断依据,而是根据从句的意义判断。

二、表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气

从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成。而且should可以省去。用于此结构的动词有:advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest等。

注意:当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明,显示”时,不用虚拟语气。

The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.

He insisted that he was honest.

三、would rather +从句

在这种结构中,从句的位于动词用过去形式表示虚拟。

I would rather you did this instead of me.

●主语从句中的虚拟语气

一、It be + 形容词 + that ...(should)...

用于该句型的形容词是:necessary, good, inportant, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny, strange, surprising .

一些名词也可以用于 在该结构中。如:a pity, no wonder....

二、It be + 过去分词 + that ...(should)....

用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词。如:desired, suggested, requested, ordered, proposed等。

三、It is time(about time, high time)that ...(过去式动词形式或should+动词原形)....

It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home now.

●表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气

在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中,要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用:should+原形动词。另外连接从句的that不能省略。

例:My suggestion is that weshould go there at once.

What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening?

㈤ 初中英语 虚拟语气

你的问题根本不成为问题,因为前一句是表达问者真实想知道你父亲何时回家,而答者表达的是愿望,非真实情况,所以用虚拟语气。

㈥ 使用虚拟语气单词使用虚拟语气的单词有哪些最好可以

下列动词后面的宾语从句常用虚拟,谓语动词 用should+动词原形,版should可省略。

  1. 坚持insist

  2. 命令权 order ,command

  3. 建议 suggest,advise,recommend

  4. 要求 demand,require,request,desire


㈦ 请教初中英语中虚拟语气的常见用法。谢谢

虚拟语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的一种愿望,假设,怀疑,猜测, 建议等含义,虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。

If I were you, I'd take them away.

如果我是你的话,我就会带走他们。

If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.

如果我碰见了李华,我就告诉了他了。

If I had time. I could come to help you.

如果我有时间,我会来帮助你的。

He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.

他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。

He speaks to us as if he had been there.

他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。

虚拟语气的用法

1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中,表示祝愿,命令。

May you be happy.

祝你幸福。

May you have a good time.

祝愿你玩的痛快。

May the friendship between us last long.

祝愿我们的友情天长地久。

Have a good journey!

祝愿你旅途愉快!

You go out!

你出去!

2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。动词 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气, 宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望,要求。

I wish she would be on my side.

我希望她能站在我一边。

I wish I could help him.

我希望我能帮助他。

He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.

他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。

动词 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 后面的从句中,"should" 可以省略。

The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.

老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。

He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.

他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。

3) 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。

在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中,that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用: should + 动词原形

It's necessary that we should have a walk now.

我们有必要出去散散步。

It's natural that she should do so.

她这样做是很自然的。

It's important that we should take good care of the patient.

重要的是我们要照顾好病人。

4) 虚拟语气用在状语从句中。

虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的主句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时,动词有三种时态形式,即现在,过去和将来。

与现在事实相反的:

条件从句 结果从句
If I (we,you,he,they)+ 动词过去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 动词原形。 He (you,they) would + 动词原形。

与过去事实相反的:

条件从句 结果从句
If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 过去分词 I(we)should + have+ 过去分词。He (you,they) would + have + 过去分词。

If I were you, I should buy it.

如果我是你,我就买了它。

If I had time, I would study French.

如果我有时间,我会学习法语的。

If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.

如果她懂英语的话,她不会找我帮忙的。

If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.

如果你早一点起床,就会赶上火车的。

If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping.

如果明天天气好,我就去买东西。

有关虚拟语气的几个问题:

1) 有时if引导的状语从句可以省略 if,而把从句中的动词 were, had 或 should 移到主语前面。

Were she younger, she would do it .

如果她年青点, 她就会干的。

Had he known her address, he would had gone to visite her.

如果他知道她的地址,他会去看她的。

2) 有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略,而只剩下一个主句或者一个条件从句。

I could help you.

我本来可以帮助你。

If I had time.

我要有时间该多好啊。

She should have come to the party.

她应该来参加聚会。

If he had much more money.

如果他有更多的钱就能...。

3) 虚拟语气中,条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致。

If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.

如果他们以前努力学习的话,现在干的就会容易些。

If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.

如果他不听取我的建议,他就不会干得这样好

㈧ 英语中哪些动词后要跟虚拟语气

insist(坚持)、order/ command(命令)、suggest/ advise/ propose(建议)、demand/ require/ ask/ desire(要求)后面跟虚拟语气。

例1:The examination instructor asked that the students(should)not use a calculator.考官要求学生不要使用计算器。

例2:The workers demanded that their wages(should)be raised by 10 percent.工人们要求增加百分之十的工资。

比较:动词 suggest和insist 后面的宾语从句,应根据不同情况选用陈述语气或虚拟语气。

suggest作“建议”解时,用虚拟语气,作“使想起、暗示”解时,用陈述语

例:His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision.他的沉默暗示他赞同我的决定。(暗示)

例:He suggested that I(should)stick to my decision.他建议我坚持自己的决定。(建议)

insist作“坚决要求”解时,用虚拟语气,作“坚持认为”解时,用陈述语气。

例:He insists that doing morning exercises does good to people's health.他坚持认为做早操对健康有益。(强调)

例:He insists that he(should)do morming exercises every day.他坚持每天都要做早操。(要求)

(8)初中英语用虚拟语气的单词扩展阅读

1、名词性从句中要用过去时或should+动词原型构成虚拟语气。如:It is time we went home.

2、wouldrather,hadrather后的从句动词用相当于陈述语气的过去时来表示现在或将来发生的动作。如:I would rather you went with her.我宁愿你跟她走。

只有当wouldrather后面动作的主体与前面主语一致时才可以用不带to的动词不定式,如:I’d rather take the important letter with me.在这个句子中,rather后面的主语为I,和前面的主语一致,所以用的不是过去式,而是不带to的动词不定式。

3、在itisimportant/suggested/necessary/proposed等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气表示应该做什么事情,即用动词原形或should+动词原型,如:It is important that you(should) be here on time.

4、词组but for相当于were it not for或had it not been for,表示一种含否定意义的条件,后面一般加名词或名词短语,如:He might have been killed but for the arrival of the police.要不是警察来了他本可能被杀死。

5、在某些表示祝愿的句子里需要用虚拟语气,如:May you be happy all your life!

㈨ 初中英语虚拟语气的种类。举例子。

虚拟语气
1) 概念

[Subjunctive Mood]
中文译作"虚拟语气"。它是一种动词形式,表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义。

2) 在条件句中的应用

条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。

●虚拟语气的使用范围及判断

一、虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。

二、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断

判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。

判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。

三、“后退一步法”

后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是:

①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。

②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。

③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。

主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。

例:If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.

If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.

If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn’t go out.

四、注意事项

①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。

②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。

●宾语从句中的虚拟语气

一、wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气

wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气,按“后退一步法”处理从句的谓语动词。注意:与哪个事实相反,不能以主句的时态为判断依据,而是根据从句的意义判断。

二、表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气

从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成。而且should可以省去。用于此结构的动词有:advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest等。

注意:当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明,显示”时,不用虚拟语气。

The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.

He insisted that he was honest.

三、would rather +从句

在这种结构中,从句的位于动词用过去形式表示虚拟。

I would rather you did this instead of me.

●主语从句中的虚拟语气

一、It be + 形容词 + that ...(should)...

用于该句型的形容词是:necessary, good, inportant, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny, strange, surprising .

一些名词也可以用于 在该结构中。如:a pity, no wonder....

二、It be + 过去分词 + that ...(should)....

用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词。如:desired, suggested, requested, ordered, proposed等。

三、It is time(about time, high time)that ...(过去式动词形式或should+动词原形)....

It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home now.

●表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气

在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中,要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用:should+原形动词。另外连接从句的that不能省略。

例:My suggestion is that weshould go there at once.

What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening.

㈩ 初中英语虚拟语气

译文:老师回答说作文可以是任意长度。我觉得从从句的角度来讲更好些,主句是过去时,从句用过去的某个时态,所以该用B。

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