⑴ 求20篇短篇初中英语阅读理解题
（A）
In the world ,soccer of football is the most popular sport. This is because many countries have wonderful teams for the World Cup. The World Cup is held every four years.
To remember 2002 FIFA World Cup ,children from different countries and more than 60 children from Japanese schools came together and spent three weekends drawing a big picture called “Dream(梦幻) World Cups ”in Japan .The children drew animals, flowers and people playing soccer under a bule bright sky. They wished each football team good luck by drawing the flags(旗帜)of all the countries that will take part in the World Cup in Japan and South Korea.The picture was put up in a park near a playground in Yokohama .Some football teams will have games there.
Are you a football fan(迷)？The World Cup makeds more and more people interested in football Teenagers(青少年)like playing and watching football .Many of them love some football stars so much that they get the pictures of their favourite players on the walls of their rooms. That is the way to show their love for the World Cup as children in Japan.
1. If a country wants to take part in the World Cup ,she must have______.
A. Many football fans B. a very good team C. many football player D. a big playground
2. The next World Cup will be held in_______.
A. 2006 B. 2007 C. 2005 D. 2004
3. From the passage ,in the picture children drew many things except_________.
A. people playing football B. pictures of some football stars C. a sunny sky D. flowers
4. In “Dream World Cup”,the children drew the flags of some countries______. </P< p>
A. to show their love for their owe country
B. to tell the people their stories
C. to show their good wishes for the football teams
D. to show their new ideas about football
5.Many teenagers owe the pictures of some football stars because______.
A. they are interested in football B. they are football fans
C. they think their favourite players are great D. all of A,B and C
（B）
In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business .But he was not a good artis .So he invented a very simple camera (照相机).He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of hia garden .That was the first photo.
The next important date in the history of photography (摄影术) was in 1837. That year, Daguere, another Frenchman ,took a picture of his reading room .He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly ,even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world .people took picture of famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, photography was developed .Then photographers could take picture of people and moving things .That was not simple .The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines. But this did not stop them ,for example, some in the United States worked so hard.
Mathew Brady was a famous American photographers. He took many picture of gread people .The picture were unusual beause they were very lifelike(栩栩如生的)
Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century .Some photod were nor just cooies of the real world .They showed and feelings,like other kinds of art.
6. The first photo taken by Niepce was a picturte of ____________
A. his business B. his house C. his garden D. his window
7. The Daguerrotype was____________. </P< p>
A. a Frenchman B. a kind of picture C. a kind of camera D. a photographer
8. If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840j, he had to__________.
A. watch lots of films B. buy an expensive camera
C. stop in most cities D. take many films and something else with him.
9. Mathew Brady______________.
A. was very lifelike B. was famous for his unusual pictures
C. was quite strong D. took many pictures of moving people
10. This passage tells us_____________.
A. how photography was developed B. how to show your ideas and feelings in pictures
C. how to take pictures in the world D. how to use different cameras
（C）
Americans with small families own a small car or a large one. If both parents are working, they usually have two cars. When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van(住房汽车)
A small car can hold(容纳)four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded(拥挤). A van hold seven persons easily, so a family three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel They could all travel together.
Mr.Hagen and his wife had a third child last year. This made them sell a second car and bus a van. Their children sixth and seventh seat are used to put other things, for a family of five must carry many suitcases(衣箱)when they travel. When they arrive at their grandparents’ home , the suitcases are brought into the two seats can then carry the grandparents.
Americans call vans motor homes. A motor home is always used for holidays. When a family are traveling to the mountains or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks. All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together. That is why motor homes have become very popular. In America there are many parks for motor homes.
11. From the passage, a van is also called ____________.
A. a motor car B. a motor home C. a motorbike D. a big truck
12. Before Mr. Hagen and his wife bought a van, they__________.
A. sold their old house B. moved to their grandparents’ house
C. built a new place for a van D. sold their second car
13. A motor home is usually owned by a family with__________.
A. a baby B. much money C. more than two children D. interest in vans
14. Americans usually use motor homer____________.
A. to travel with all the family members of holiday
B. to do some shopping with all the family members
C. to visit their grandparents at weekends
D. to drive their children to school every day
15. Motor homes have become popular because___________.
A. they can take people to another city when people are free
B. they can let families have a happier life when they go out for their holidays
C. some people think motor homes are cheap
D. big families can put more things in motor homes
（D）
Surtsey was born in 1963.Scientists saw the birth of this island. It began at 7.30 a.m. on 14th November. A fishing boat was near Iceland. The boat moved under the captain's（船长）feet. He noticed a strange smell. He saw some black smoke. A volcano（火山）was breaking out. Red-hot rocks, fire and smoke were rushing up from the bottom（底部）of the sea. The island grew quickly. It was 10 meters high the next day and 60 meters high on 18th November. Scientists flew there to watch. It was exciting. Smoke and fire were still rushing up. Pieces of red-hot rock were flying into the air and falling into the sea. The sea was boiling and there was a strange light in the sky. Surtsey grew and grew. Then it stopped in June 1967.It was 175 meters high and 2 kilometers long. And life was already coming to Surtsey. Plants grew. Birds came. Some scientists built a house. They want to learn about this young island. A new island is like a new world.
16. Surtsey is ______.
A. an island not far from Iceland B. a new volcano
C. a fishing boat D. a place in Iceland
17. Scientists flew there ______.
A. to watch the birth of the island B. to save the fishing boat
C. to learn about the island D. to build a house
18. When did scientist fly there to watch?
A. Before the volcano broke out. B. As soon as the volcano broke out.
C. About four days after the volcano broke out. D. After the volcano stopped rushing up.
19. Put the following sentences in correct order.
a. The captain found the boat was moving. b. A new island appeared in the sea.
c. Fire, smoke and rocks were seen rushing up. d. A fishing boat was near Iceland.
e. The island grew quickly.
A. d-a-c-b-e B. a-b-c-d-e C .a-b-e-c-d D. b-e-d-a-c
20. The best title of this article is ________.
A. A new island B. The birth of an island
C. A new world D. Scientists discovered Surtsey
(E)
On Nov.18th,1908,three men went up in a balloon（气球）.They started early in London. The headman was Augusta Gaudron, and the other two men were Tannar and Maitland. They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way.
Soon they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rope（绳子）,and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon. At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So they were able to change its weight（重量）.It was for use over the sea. They were also carrying some bags of sand.
After the sun rose, the balloon went higher. It went up to 3,000 metres, and the air was very cold. The water in the balloon became ice. Snow fell past the men's basket, and they could see more snow on the ground. The men tried to throw out some more sand; but it was hard. They tried to break the icy sand with their knives, but it was not easy. The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand. One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.
At last they pulled the box into the basket. It was still snowing; so they climbed to get away from the snow. They rose to 5,100 metres! Everything became icy. They were so cold that they decided to land. They came down in Poland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilometers from London!
21. Three men flew in balloon ________.
A. for nearly 1,800 kilometers B. to another city
C. to visit Poland D. more than a century ago
22. The metal box was used for ________.
A. carrying the bags of sand‘ ’ B. keeping drinking-water
C. carrying ropes of the basket D. changing weight
23. When the balloon went up higher, ________.
A. the temperature of the balloon began to fall B. They saw the sun go down
C. They made a hole in the basket with their knives
D. They could see a black hole on the ground
24. The balloon landed ________.
A. in London B. on the sea C. on a lake D. in a foreign country
25. Which of the following is NOT true?________
A. The three men started their journey before the sun rose.
B. The balloon began to go up when they threw bags of sand out of the basket.
C. When they pulled the box into the basket, the balloon began to climb up.
D. The three men had to land because they felt cold.
答案：
1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 6． C 7．B 8．D 9．B 10． A 11．B 12．D 13． C 14．A 15． B 16.A 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.B 21.A 22.D 23.A 24.D 25.B
1
Ali,who was working a long way from home wanted to send a letter to his wife,but he could neither read nor write, and he had to work all day,so he could only look for somebody to write his letter late atnight .At last he found the house of a letter writer whose name was Nasreddin.
Nasreddin was already in bed."It is late,"he said. "What do you want?" "I want you to write a letter to my wife , "said Ali , Nasreddin wasnot pleased. He thought for a few seconds and then said, "Has theletter got to go far?" "What does that matter?" answered Ali.
"Well, my writing is so strange that only I can read it, and if I have to travel a long way to read your letter to your wife, it will cost you a lot of money." Ali went away quickly.
Multiple choice
( ) 1. Ali wanted to____to his wife.
A.get something B.have a letter written
C.bring a flower D. say good-bye
( ) 2. At last he found the house of_____.
A.a writer B.a seller C.an old man D.a letter-writer
( ) 3.When Ali told what he wanted to do Nasreddin was______.
A.not pleased B.pleased C.excited D.angry
( ) 4.Nasreddin said that his writing was_____.
A.easy for anyone to read B.strange for anyone to read
C. too strange for anyone to write D.difficult for anyone to read
( ) 5. This story tells us______.
A.not to ask anybody for help B.not to trouble others at night
C.not to ask for help without money D.not to trust others
2
An old man died and left his son a lot of money. But the son was a foolish young man,and he quickly spent all the money, so that soon hehad nothing left.Of course ,when that happened, all his friends lefthim.When he was quite poor and alone, he went to see Nasreddin, who was a kind, clever old man and often helped people when they had troubles.
"My money has finished and my friends have gone,"said the young man. "What will happen to me now?"
"Don't worry , young man,"answered Nasreddin."Everything will soon be all right again.Wait ,and you will soon feel much happier."
The young man was very glad."Am I going to get rich again then? " heasked Nasreddin.
"No, I didn't mean that," said the old man."I meant that you would soon get used to being poor and to having no friends."
Multiple choice
( )1.An old man died and left his son_______.
A.nothing B.some gold C. much money D.only a house
( ) 2. When the son was________, he went to see Nasreddin.
A.short of money B.quite poor and sick
C.in trouble D. quite poor and alone
( ) 3.The young man was very glad because Nasreddin said that________.
A.he would become rich again B. he would soon feel much happier
C.he would become clever D. he would have more friends
( ) 4.Nasreddin meant the young man______.
A.would get rich again B. would get used to having nothing
C.would get used to being in trouble D.would get out of poorness
( ) 5.What this story tells us is________.
A.that money is everything B.that money makes the mare go
C.to save each penny D. that misfortune tests the sincerity of friends
3.
A man was travelling abroad in a small red car.One day he left thecar and went shopping.When he came back, its roof was badly damaged.
Some boys told him that an elephant had damaged it. The man did not believe them,but they took him to a circus which was near there. Theowner of the elephant said,"I am very sorry!My elephant has a big, round,red chair.He thought that your car was his chair, and he sat on it!"
Then he gave the man a letter, in which he said that he was sorry andthat he would pay for all the damage.
When the man got back to his own country,the customs officers wouldnot believe his story.They said,"You sold your new car while you wereabroad and bought this old one!"
It was only when the man showed them the letter from the circus man that believed him.
Multiple choice
( )1.A man was travelling abroad_______.
A.in a big bus B.in a green jeep C.in a red car D.in a red taxi
( ) 2.The car was damaged because________.
A.there was a traffic accident B.the circus man broke it
C. it rushed into a shop D.the elephant sat on it
( ) 3.The circus man said that_______.
A.he would pay for part of the damage B.he would pay for all of the
damage C.he wouldn't pay for the damage D.he would buy a new car
( ) 4. When the man got back to his country,the customs officers______.
A. would check his new car B.only checked his car
C. searched him D. wouldn't believe what he had said,
( ) 5.It was only________that made the officers believe him.
A.the letter from the circus man B. a newspaper from the country
C.the certificate of his D.the letter from the government
4.
Nasreddin was cutting a branch off a tree in his garden.While he wassawing,another man passed in the street.He stopped and said,"Excuse me,
but if you continue to saw that brancd like that, you will fall downwith it."He said this because Nasreddin was sitting on the branch andcutting it at a place between himself and the trunk of the tree.
Nasreddin said nothing.He thought,"This is some foolish person whohas no work to do and goes about telling other people what to do andwhat not to do."
The man continued on his way. Of course, after a few minutes.The branch fell and Nasreddin fellwith it.
"My God!"he cried."That man knows the future !"and he ran after himto ask how long he was going to live.But the man had gone.
Multiple choice
( )1.One day Nasreddin was cutting a branch_______a tree in his garden.
A.on B.in C.at D.off
( )2.While Nasreddin was sawing,another man_______.
A.told him to stop working B.told him he would fall down
C. would borrow something from him D.would help him saw that branch
( ) 3. After the man went away,Nasreddin thought that________.
A. that was a silly fellow B..that was a wise person
C.that was a proud person D.that fellow cheated him
( ) 4.What happened to Nasreddin after a few minutes?
A.The brancd fell .B.Nasreddin fell down to the ground.
C.Nasreddin was hurt himself. D..Both A and B.
( ) 5.This story is about ________.
A.a foolish man B. a wise man
C.cutting a tree D.the necessity of taking good advice
5.
It was half-past eight in the morning. The telephone bell rang andMary went to answer it.
"It's me-Peter."
"Hullo, who's that?"she asked.
Peter was a friend of Mary's eight-year-old brother,Johnny.
"Oh hullo,Peter.What do you want?"said Mary.
"Can I speak to johnny?"
"No,"said Mary,"you can't speak to him now.He is busy. He is gettingready for school.He is eating his breakfast.Grandmother is combing hishair.Sister is under the table,putting his shoes on. Mother is gettinghis books and putting them in his school bag.Goodbye,I've got to go now. I have to hold the door open.The school bus is coming .
Mtiple choice
( )1.Who went to answer it when the teltphone bell rang?
A.Johnny's sister B.Peter C,Johnny D.Johnny's mother
( )2.Whom did Peter want to speak to?
A.Mary's brother B.Mary's sister C.Mary's grandmother D.Johnny's mother
( )3.Johnny couldn't speak to Peter because Johnny _______.
A. was combing his hair B.was putting his shoes on
C.was getting his books D. was busy eating his hreakfast
( )4.How do you say to a stranger who is answering your telephone?
A.Who are you?B.Anything to say? C.Who is it? D.Please
( )5.From this story we know that Johnny was_____.
A. a lazy B.a clever boy C.a busy boy D.a hungry boy
⑵ 初中的所有名著题。
1．《水浒传》中“智取生辰纲”的组织领导者是______。“景阳冈打虎”、“醉打蒋门神”等说的这位英雄是______________。“花和尚倒拔垂杨柳，豹子头误入白虎堂”中“豹子头”指的是________。
2．《西游记》全书共分三大部分：前7回写_________的故事，是全书的精华部分，表现孙悟空的反抗精神；8—12回写_______的来历、魏征斩蛇、唐太宗人冥府，交待取经的缘起；第13—100回写_____________________________________。
3．《四游记》的作者运用了__________手法描绘了一个奇妙的神话世界，花果山水帘洞洞口的对联是“_________________，_______________________”。
4．有人对《西游记》总结道：“阳光灿烂___________，百变猴头____________憨厚老成________，阿弥陀佛是___________。漫漫西天取经路，除妖斗魔显真功。若问是谁谱此画，淮安才子吴承恩。”
5．下丽的对联各是哪部章回小说的目录?请在括号里写出这部小说的名称。
①及时雨神行太保，黑旋风展浪里白条。《___________》
②八卦炉中逃大圣，五行山下定心猿。《____________》
6．在《水浒传》中，绰号为“智多星”的人是_________，也被称为“赛诸葛”。他与一伙好汉在“黄泥冈上巧施功”，干了一件大事是___________。
7．梁山一百单八将中第一个出场的是______，他的绰号是_______。
8．《水浒传》的作者_________，朝代_______，它是我国第一部_________小说。
9．《水浒传》中冒充李逵拦路打劫，后被李逵一刀打翻在地的人是_________。
10. 补全回目：
(1)史大郎夜走华阴县，_________拳打镇关西
(2)梁山泊_________落草，汴京城_________卖刀
11．孙悟空的第一个师傅是_________。他的兵器原是大禹治水的_________，又唤_________。大闹天宫后被如来佛祖压在_________。后皈依佛门，唐僧为他取名_________。
12．《水浒》主要人物有及时雨_________，行者_________，花和尚_________，黑旋风_________。
13．《水浒》中身怀绝技的三位英雄：善盗的是鼓上蚤_______，善射的是小李广_______，善行的是神行太保_______。
14．冰心原名_______，诗集《繁星》《春水》是人们公认的小诗最高成就，被茅盾称为“_______”、“_______”。
15．《繁星》、《春水》诗集表现了_______，童真、_______三大主题，这三大主题构筑了冰心的思想内核：“_______”。
16．祥子是老舍的长篇代表作《__________》中的一个人物形象。这部作品描写来自农村的淳朴健壮的祥子，到北平谋生创业，_______次买车又_______次失去，并终于堕落到生活的谷底的故事。_______是这部小说的基本线索，与祥子有着密切关系的女主人公是_______。
17．《童年》刻画了许多性格鲜明的人物形象，比如：勇敢正直的_______，善良乐观的______________，自私残暴的_______，贪婪恶毒的______________，以及快乐的“小茨冈”和执著的“好事情”。
18．《童年》中塑造的_______的形象是俄国千百万劳动者走向革命，走向新生活的具有普遍意义的艺术典型。《童年》也成功塑造了外祖母的形象，她是俄罗斯乃至世界文学史中最光辉、最有人性，同时也是最富艺术魅力的形象之一。她的名字是_______，具有_______、_______、_______、_______等劳动人民的优秀品质。
19．《童年》最基本的主题之一是阿廖沙的成长。_______是作者创作这部作品的第一主题。
20．人们提出“在新时代要做保尔还是比尔”的新命题。人们和比尔•盖茨相提并论的保尔，就是苏联作家奥斯特洛夫斯基《______________》中的主人公_______。
21．保尔以自己的毕生精力，实践了自己的生活原则：“人最宝贵的东西是生命，生命属于人只有一次。人的一生应该这样度过：_______，______________，______________；这样，在临死的时候他就能够说，我的整个生命和全部的精力，都献给了世界上最壮丽的事业_______为人类的解放而斗争。”这是保尔战斗一生的真实写照，也是他革命乐观主义的深刻概括。
22．有这么一个真实故事：1704年苏格兰水于塞尔柯克在海上与船长争吵，被船长遗弃在荒岛上，四年后被救回英国。这一故事引起轰动，也引起作家们的关注。其中一位叫_______的作家据此事创作了一部小说《______________》。小说的主人公是鲁滨孙，在荒岛上生活了_______年，他把被救的土人取名为“_______”，后来，这一土人成为他的忠实的仆人和朋友。
23．英国作家_______写的《格列佛游记》通过格列佛在_______、_______、_______、_______的奇遇，反映了18世纪前半期英国的社会现实。
24．千百万人熟知的“雅虎”网站，又名“Yahoo”，在《格列佛游记》的第四卷“______________”中提到的怪物“雅虎”，现已成为因特网世界最令人熟悉的名词之一。
25．法国作家罗曼•罗兰的《名人传》包括了《贝多芬传》、《_______》、《_______》三部传记。其中，_______(人名)饱受耳聋折磨。
26．根据下面画线句子的特点，再仿写两个句子。
课外阅读是提高语文水平的重要途径，可以使我们获得很多有益的启示，充实我们的生活。读《三国演义》，我们可以领略到诸葛亮舌战群儒的风采；读《钢铁是怎样炼成的》，我们能领悟到人生的真谛和生命的意义；_____________________；_____________________。
简答题：
27．《朝花夕拾》原名《_______》，是鲁迅的回忆性散文集，请简介一下其中一篇(课内学过的除外)的主要内容。
28．名著往往是“经过时间检验和沉淀”的“磨脑子”的书。请从下列名著中任选一部，简要地写出你熟悉的一个情节，并说说你对这一情节的体验和感悟。
30．分别简述沙僧、猪八戒的性格 31．《水浒传》中三位女将是谁？她们的绰号是什么
32．请用简练的语言说出《水浒传》中英雄好汉们性格上的共同特征。
33．列举《西游记》唐僧师徒四人取经路上经历的磨难，举四个即可。
34．《西游记》中的玉皇大帝具有怎样的性格特点?作者塑造这一形象的目的何在?
35．简析《水浒传》中宋江的性格特点。
36．你知道《钢铁是怎样炼成的》题目的含义吗?
37．我们生活在当今这样的一个年代，可以从保尔身上汲取到什么精神?
填空题：
1．晁盖 武松 林冲
2．大闹天宫 唐僧唐僧师徒取经途中历经81难和师徒终成正果，带经回东土大唐 3．浪漫主义 花果山福地 水帘洞洞天 4．猪八戒 孙悟空 沙和尚 唐僧 5．《水浒传》《西游记》 6．吴用 智取生辰纲(花石纲) 7． 史进 九纹龙 8． 施耐庵 元末朗初章回体长篇白话 9．李鬼 10．(1)鲁提辖(2)林冲 ，杨志 11． 菩提祖师 定海神针 如意金箍棒五行山 孙行者 12． 宋江 武松 鲁智深 李逵13．时迁花荣戴宗 14．谢婉莹繁星格春水体15． 母爱 自然 爱的哲学 16．《骆驼样子》 三三 样子与车虎妞 17．“我”(阿廖沙) 外祖母外祖父 舅舅们 18．阿廖沙 伊凡诺夫娜 勤劳善良 乐观 智慧 19．鞭挞俄国国民的小市民习气 20．《钢铁是怎样炼成的》 侏尔•柯察金21．当他回首往事的时候，不因虚度年华而悔恨，也不因碌碌无为而羞愧 22．丹尼尔•笛福 《鲁滨孙漂流记》28年 星期五 23． 斯威夫特 小人国大人国 巫人国 慧驷国 24．“智马国游记”25．《米开朗基罗传》 《托尔斯泰传》 ：贝多芬26．示例：读《西游记》，我们能学到孙悟空的疾恶如仇；读《红楼梦》，我们能体会到封建社会大家庭衰落的必然性；读《格列佛游记》，我们了解了当时英国统治阶级的腐朽与罪恶；读《童年》，我们体：会到当时俄罗斯下层人民生活的苦难；读《水浒》，我们感受到什么是义薄云天。
简答题：
27．《旧事重提》示例：《二十四孝图》主要内容：童年时代的“我”和“我”的伙伴实在没有什么好画册可看。“我”拥有的最早一本画图本子只是《二十四孝图》。其中最使“我”不解，甚至于发生反感的，是“老莱娱亲”和“郭巨埋儿”两件事。 28．开放性题目，能简要写出一个情节，写出与情节有关的体验和感悟，并言之成理即可。29．鲁滨孙四次航海。第一次出海他几乎被淹死；第三次出海，又被海盗掳去，逃出后在巴西发了财。但他仍不死心，经别人提议，再次出航，结果滞留海岛，在孤岛上生活了28年。30．沙僧：忠厚诚恳，任劳任怨，正直无私，一心一意保唐僧西行，谨守佛门戒律。八戒：性情憨直，好懒谗滑，常怀退缩之心，善奉承谄媚。31．(1)扈三娘 一丈青(2)孙二娘母夜叉(3)顾大嫂母大虫 32．爱打抱不平，重友情，讲义气。33．黑松林遇黄袍老怪；黄风岭遭黄毛貂鼠精暗算；牛魔王之子红孩儿抢走唐僧；平顶山莲花洞太上老君炼丹童变成妖精等。34．昏庸无能，不辨忠愚。对封建统治者进行嘲讽，对黑暗社会进行尖锐讽刺和批判。35．仗义疏财，济弱扶贫，精神练达，但有浓重的正统观念和忠君思想。36．奥斯特洛夫斯基在解释这部作品的标题时说：“钢是在烈火里烧、高度冷却中炼成的，因此它很坚固。我们这一代人也是在斗争中和艰苦考验中锻炼出来，并学会了在生活中不灰心丧气。”37．保尔身上体现出他敢于向命运挑战的性格，有一种自强不息、奋发向上的精神，保尔崇高的革命思想、高尚的道德情操、忘我的献身精神、坚强的斗争意志、乐观的生活态度以及明确的人生目标都是我们学习的榜样。
名著与常识
【考查要点】
了解课本涉及的重要作家作品和文学常识；了解诗歌、散文、小说、戏剧等文学样式。
阅读一定数量的文学名著。
【知识疏理】
文学常识也是中考积累与运用的必考内容。从内容上说它包括以下四个方面：1．作家的生活年代、朝代（外国作家的国别）；2．重要作家的作品及出处；3．作品中的主要人物与性格；4．与课本相关的内容，包括诗文内容、写作目的。
文学常识的复习，要以基本篇目所涉及的古今中外重要作家、作品为主，可将众多的作家、作品按古代、现当代、外国三个方面分类整理，再列出表格，将作家姓名（字号）、朝代、作品、出处、作家简介甚或作品中的主要人物、名句都网络进去，力求全面。另外复习时可与“诗文背诵默写”部分结合起来。
【试题特点】
《语文课程标准》中明确规定了7—9年级的学生要每学年阅读两三部名著，并列出了学生必读的中外名著目录。在总目标中也强调：“认识中华文化的丰厚博大，吸取民族文化的智慧。”因此，中外名著走进中考已经成为许多省市中考语文试题的显著特色之一。2004年中考对名著的考查在以往的基础上又迈出了一大步。
从题型上看，文学常识题既有客观型的选择题，也有主观型的填写表述题。
【解题导引】
例1．语文课开展“走近名著”活动，请接着甲同学的发言，也讲述一个你熟悉的名著中的故事。
（要求：说出书名、人名和有关情节，在叙述中至少运用一个成语或名言、警句、格言。）
同学甲：《水浒传》中，嫉恶如仇的鲁提辖听了金氏父女的哭诉，毅然出手，三拳打死了镇关西，解救了金氏父女。他真不愧是一位见义勇为的英雄。
你的讲述： 。中考涉及中外文学名著的试题大多是主观题，例如：《西游记》中“大闹五庄观，推倒人参果树”的是 。（2003河南省题）成语“万事俱备，只欠东风”是根据《三国演义》 （战役）中“周瑜定计火攻曹操”的故事演化而来的。（2003年宁波市题）而这一道名著阅读题在上述主观题的基础上已向开放性试题方向发展。“巧妇难为无米之炊”，要想准确做出答案必须先要细致地阅读原著，否则怎能讲出故事的情节呢？本题不设标准答案，内容正确，符合要求即可给分。但必须作品名称正确，内容叙述符合原著，而且成语、名言、警句或格言运用要恰当正确。
例2．对对联。
上联：足智多谋，孔明巧借箭。
下联： ， 。
对联根植于生活的土壤，同时又颇具文学韵味，再加之与文学名著连在一起，更能让学生感受到中国传统文化的深厚底蕴。解题时要注意以下几点：⑴字数须相等；⑵词性须相对（一般情况下，宽对也可）；⑶搭配须得当。答案示例：①艺高胆大，悟空勇斗魔；②义盖去天，关羽私放曹；③多愁善感，黛玉悲葬花。如果不细致地阅读原著，不熟悉原著的内容，没有灵活运用语文的实践能力，很难对出下联。
例3．⑴读一定数量的课外文学名著，是语文学习的基本要求。但读书除了积累知识外，更重要的是学会思考。初中三年，你一定在老师的指导下读了不少课外好书。下面请你做一个简要的读书札记。
书名： 。
作者： 。
印象最深的人物： 。
该人物形象给你的人生启示： 。
这道题给我们提供了广阔的思维空间，也就是形式上更具开放性、灵活性。只要你能认真地阅读名著，并能透过作品的文字表象，对作品的形象、情感、语言加以领悟，能从作品中获得对自然、社会、人生的有益启示，答好此题就轻而易举了。
此试题还暗示我们，读名著不能只追求浅层次的理解，要追求深层次的阅读，可采用下列方式加深对作品的理解。如：写读书笔记，即将你读书的独特感受及时记入笔记；也可以通过读书报告会、辩论会等方式与同学之间进行交流；还可尝试着对名著进行再创作等。
【常见失误】
文学常识题最大的失误是一些同学没读过或没认真阅读文学名著，造成不知如何答题或答题牵强附会。
⑶ 一些初中英语阅读读物中的优美句子，不要太短，也不要太长。
我的世界不允许你的消失,不管结局是否完美.
No matter the ending is perfect or not, you cannot disappear from my world.
爱情是一个精心设计的谎言
Love is a carefully designed lie.
承诺常常很像蝴蝶,美丽的飞盘旋然后不见
Promises are often like the butterfly, which disappear after beautiful hover.
凋谢是真实的 盛开只是一种过去
Fading is true while flowering is past
为什么幸福总是擦肩而过,偶尔想你的时候….就让….回忆来陪我.
Why I have never catched the happiness? Whenever I want you ,I will be accompanyed by the memory of...★Money spent on the brain is never spent in vain. 智力投资绝不会白花。
★Nothing down, nothing up. ;无下则无上。/不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹;
★A good book is your best friend. ;好书如挚友Asking costs nothing. 问人不费分文
★Ask me no questions and I will tell you no lies你不问我，我就不会说谎话
★The tongue is boneless but it breaks bones. ;舌无骨却折断骨;
★Constant dropping wears the stone. 滴水穿石。Experience is the mother of wisdom.经验是智慧之母。;Every man is his own worst enemy.一个人最大的敌人就是他自己。
★Saying and doing are two different things. 说和做是迥然不同的两回事。
★Self-distrust is the cause of most of our failures.; 我们绝大多数的失败都是因为缺乏自信之故。
★A good name is easier lost than won.;誉失之易，而得之难very profession proces its own best.行行出状元 today must borrow nothing of tomorrow. 今曰事今曰毕。
★A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真正的朋友。 Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩All is not gold that glitters.闪光的不一定都是金子An idle youth， a needy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲Bitter pills may have wholesome effects.良药苦口Do wrong once and you"ll never hear the end of it.一失足成千古恨 Every cloud has a silver lining.守得云开见月明Every man has his fault.人孰无过First come， first served.捷足先登Haste makes waste.欲速则不达
★Knowledge is power.知识就是力量Let bygones be bygone.既往不究
★Look before you leap.三思而后行Man proposes， God disposes.谋事在人，成事在天
★Money talks.金钱万能No gains without pains.吃得苦中苦方为人上人
★A journey of thousand miles begins with a single step. 千里之行，始于足下
⑷ 初中常考的名著课外阅读的题目有哪些
水浒传主要考主要内容和两个任务及时间，4大名著考作者．把那些中学课外名著记下作者，考试这几分名著分千万不要丢！
⑸ 初中名著阅读题集锦
骆驼祥子中
造成小说主人公悲惨结局的根本原因是
⑹ 初中英语阅读短篇文章
1.Once Einstein gave a lecture in many places in America． His driver always listened to him and knew the lecture so well that he was sure be could give it himself． So Einstein agreed that the driver gave the lecture him．
As nobody knew Einstein there, the driver gave the lecture for Einstein that evening． At first he was a bit afraid, but Einstein's smile made him feel better． He gave a good lecture and the people were quite pleased．
Then the driver started to leave and Einstein followed him without a word． When they got to the door, a man asked the driver a difficult question．
The driver said that the question was very easy, and told the man to ask his driver behind to answer it．
2.Ali,who was working a long way from home wanted to send a letter to his wife,but he could neither read nor write, and he had to work all day,so he could only look for somebody to write his letter late atnight .At last he found the house of a letter writer whose name was Nasreddin.
Nasreddin was already in bed."It is late,"he said. "What do you want?" "I want you to write a letter to my wife , "said Ali , Nasreddin wasnot pleased. He thought for a few seconds and then said, "Has theletter got to go far?" "What does that matter?" answered Ali.
"Well, my writing is so strange that only I can read it, and if I have to travel a long way to read your letter to your wife, it will cost you a lot of money." Ali went away quickly.
Multiple choice 。
3.An old man died and left his son a lot of money. But the son was a foolish young man,and he quickly spent all the money, so that soon hehad nothing left.Of course ,when that happened, all his friends lefthim.When he was quite poor and alone, he went to see Nasreddin, who was a kind, clever old man and often helped people when they had troubles.
"My money has finished and my friends have gone,"said the young man. "What will happen to me now?"
"Don't worry , young man,"answered Nasreddin."Everything will soon be all right again.Wait ,and you will soon feel much happier."
The young man was very glad."Am I going to get rich again then? " heasked Nasreddin.
"No, I didn't mean that," said the old man."I meant that you would soon get used to being poor and to having no friends."
Multiple choice .
4.The English people like take-away food． The most popular food is fish and chips．They usually go to a fish and chip shop．They put the food in paper bags, and take it home, or to their work place． At lunch time, many people eat take-away food in the park． Chinese takeaways are also very popular in England． People in the USA and Australia like Chinese take-away food, too． But the most popular food in the USA is fried chicken．
5.The Komodo lizard is the world's largest lizard(蜥蜴). It was not discovered until this century and was named only in 1921. It was formerly found on three Indonesian islands: Komodo, Rintja and Flores. By the 1930's, in spite of government protection, the population of this great lizard had been reced to a few hundred. It was, however, still found on the three main islands and there were still lizards of over 4 metres in length. By 1963, after a period of only fifty years since its discovery, the entire population was based on Komodo. It is now unusual to see one as long as 3 metres. The lizard's normal food consists mainly of wild goats and pigs, animals which the islanders also hunt. This, of course, means that the lizard often gets too little to eat. It will certainly die out soon its hunting and breeding(繁殖) grounds are protected more effectively.
6.At the Barber's Shop(理发店)
Jack went to a barber's shop and had his hair cut, but when he came out, he
was not happy with the result(结果). When his friend Bob saw him, he laughed
and said, "What has happened to your hair,Jack?"
Jack said, "I tried a new barber's shop today, because I wasn't quite satisfied
with my old one, but this one seems even worse."
Bob agreed(同意). "Yes, I think you're right, Jack. Now I'll tell you what
to do when you go into a barber's shop next time: look at all the barber's hair,
find out whose hair looks worst, and then go straight to him."
"Why shall I go to him?" Jack asked. "But that would be foolish!"
"Oh, no, it wouldn't," answered Bob. "Who cut that man's hair? Just think
it. He couldn't cut it himself, could he? Another of the barbers cut it. So
you know he can't be the worst barber."
7.Mr Perkin's New Car
Mr Perkin stood at the bus-stop and watched the cars go by. Many of the cars
were new Beta 400s, and most of them were yellow. Mr Perkin always wore the
same clothes as other men, ate the same food as other people, and did the same
things after work, and at the end of the week, Mr Perkin did not like to be
different.
The following week, Mr Perkin bought a new, bright yellow Beta 400s. He was
satisfied with it, and drove to work in it the very next day. He was even more
satisfied with his new car, when he saw all the other Beta 400s, in front, behind,
and on both sides of him.
Mr Perkin parked(停车) his car in a big car-park(停车场) near his office,
and walked the rest of the way. But when he came back at five o'clock, there
were so many bright yellow Beta 400s in the car-park that he did not know which
car was his. He tried his key in some of the cars, but people passing by gave
him a look he didn't like. So he stopped.
Poor Mr Perkin had to wait nearly two hours until his was the only yellow
Beta 400s in the car-park.
8.A long time ago people thought that the sun went round the earth. In some
countries people even said that the sun was a god(神). They thought the god
drove across the sky each day on a golden horse. Now we know the earth goes
round the sun. It takes the earth a year to go all way round the sun. Today
men even know how far it is for the earth to go round the sun. They tell us
that the earth travels over a thousand miles a minute on its journey round the
sun.\$
The sun is really a star. It is much bigger than the earth and it is very
hot. Some people have been to the moon but we know that no one can ever go to
the sun. It is far too hot for people to live anywhere near it. The sun is three
hundred thousand times heavier than the earth and more than million times larger.\$
9.The Farmer, His Horse, and His son
Once there was an old farmer, with a horse which was almost as old as himself.
He set out one morning with his son to sell the horse before it died. Father
and son walked, because the farmer did not want the horse to be too tired.
They met two men on the road who said, "Why are you walking, farmer? You have
a horse, It's a long way to market(市场). "The farmer know that this was true,
so he rode on the horse, while his son walked.
Then they met two old women, "What are you doing up there, farmer? Can't you
see how tired boy is?" So the farmer got down, and his son rode instead.\$
Next, three old men stopped them, one said, "Why are you walking, farmer?
Get up, It's too hot for an old man like you to walk today," So the farmer got
up behind his son, and they rode on.
Some time later, a young woman passed them, "Why aren't you walking?" she
asked, "It isn't far to the market. Give your poor horse a rest."
So the farmer, and his son, got down once again. It is a fact that you cannot
please all the people all the time.
10.I Want to Be a Dustman
Tom was ten years old, and he was a very lazy boy, He didn't like doing any
work. He had to go to school of course, but he didn't study hard there and tried
to do as little work as possible. His father and mother were both doctors and they
hoped that their son would become one, too, when he grew up. But one day Tom
said to his mother, "When I finish school, I want to be a stman."
"A stman?" his mother asked, she was very surprised. "That's not a very
pleasant job, why do you
⑺ 初中英语阅读、完型题各10篇，短点的
part one完形填空One day a crow found 1 . She picked it up in her mouth and 2 a tall tree. She was 3 to eat the meat when a fox saw her. He came and stood under the tree and said, “ 4 beautiful you are!”The crow was very glad 5 hear that.Then the fox spoke again, “I can see your beautiful face, but I’ve not heard your voice. Why 6 you sing a song?”The crow was very happy. She 7 her month and 8 sing. When she opened her mouth, she 9 the meat. The fox picked up the meat at once and went away 10 it.1. A. meat B. a few meat C. a piece of meat2. A. flew to B. fly to C. flew3. A. only B. about C. just4. A. What B. How a C. How5.A. to B. for C. about6. A. not B. don’t C. didn’t 7.A.turned on B. opened C. closed8. A. started B. began C. began to9.A. dropped B. droped C. fell10. A. bring B. to C. with阅读理解 A.判断正误The first Olympics(奥林匹克运动会) took place at Olympia(奥林匹亚) in Greece in 776 BC(公元前), almost 3000 years ago. Many different sports, such as boxing(拳击), running, and throwing the discus(铁饼), were played there, though(尽管) there were fewer sports than in the modem Olympics. People from all over Greece came and watched the Games at the foot of the Mount Olympus(奥林匹斯山), and even those at war stopped fighting and went on with the games.In April 6, 1896 the first new Olympics were held in Greece. Only 50,000 people watched the Games, but the rest of the world soon become enthusiastic(热心的) about them and from 1900 the Games were held every four years in a different country.判断正误：（）１．There are much more sports in the modem Olympics.（）２．The first Olympic games were held 776 years ago.（）３．If there was war the game stopped at the time.（）４．The first new Olympics were held in 1896.（）５．From the story we know the Olympic Games were held every four years since 1900 in Greece. B.根据第1个字母，填入正确的词：Mr. and Mrs. Jones don’t often go out in the evening, b last Saturday, Mrs. Jones s to her husband, “There is a good film tonight (今晚). Can we go and see it?” Mr. Jones was quite happy about it, s they went and both of them liked the film very much. They came out of the cinema at 11 o’clock, got into their car and began to drive h .It was quite dark (黑). Then Mrs. Jones said to Mr. Jones, “Look! A woman is running a the road very fast, and a man is running after h . Can you see them?” Mr. Jones, “Yes, I can.” He drove the car slowly near the woman and said to her. “Can weh you?”“No, thank you,” the woman said, but she did not stop r . “My husband and I a run home after the cinema, and the l one must do all the housework.”完形填空 1. C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C阅读理解A: 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F B: 1.but 2.said 3.so 4.home 5.along 6.her 7.help 8.running 9.always 10.last part two. part 2 完型填空: A professor told his students to go into the city slums(贫民窟)to study the life of 200 boys. He asked them to 1 reports about each boy’s life and future. Every one of the students wrote, “He doesn’t have any hope.” Twenty-five years 2, another professor read about the earlier study. He told his students to 3 what had happened to the boys. They tried very hard and found that 176 of the boys had become successful 4 doctors, teacher and scientists. The professor was very 5 and decided to study it further. Luckily, all the men were living near the place and he was able to ask each one, “ What made you 6 ?” Each one answered ,”There was a teacher.” The teacher was 7 living there, so the professor found her and asked the old woman 8 she had used to pull those boys 9 the slum, and change them into successful people . The teacher’s 10 began to shine and said with a sweet smile, “It’s really very easy. I loved those boys.”( )1. A. read B. study C. write D. take ( )2. A. later B. after C. ago D. before( )3..A search B. find out C. look for D. see( )4. A. for B. with C. as D. like( )5.A glad B. angry C. surprised D. worried( )6. A. wonderful B. successful C. rich D. popular( )7. A. already B. yet C. even D. still( )8. A. what B. who C. which D. when( )9. A. out B. into C. away D. out of ( )10. A. face B. eyes C. hair D. mouth A lot of students are having all kinds of sports on the sports field. A ball game is going on right now 1 Class 3 and Class 4. Can you 2 me which team is winning? Do you see many people over there'? Some students of Class 1 are practicing the 3 jump. One of them is the best high jumper in the school. He practices 4 every day. He wants to 5 the school record at the sports meeting next spring. Not far away, some girls are getting ready 6 a race. Now on the corner of the field, you can see another group of students. Their teacher is telling them 7 to throw discus. We students love sports. Sports 8 to keep people healthy. They help people to live happily, and 9 games on the sports field, it can 10 people become good friends.( ) 1. A. in B. between C. among D. by( ) 2. A. tell B. speak C. say D. talk( ) 3. A. long B. far C. high D. tall( ) 4. A. hard B. fast C. quietly D. quickly( ) 5. A. do B. take C. work D. break( ) 6. A, to B. for C. with D. at( ) 7. A. what B. that C. which D. how( ) 8. A. want B. hope C. help D. wish( ) 9. A. in B. before C. after D. when( ) 10. A. make B. enjoy C. get D. bringABaseball (棒球) Match Mr Jenkins works in a middle school. There he teaches his students English. He works hard and is very busy. After supper, when his family watch TV, he always reads some newspapers in his room. At times Robert comes in and asks him to tell him a story. He likes his little son and does all what the boy wants. One Sunday Mrs Jenkins was doing some housework and Mr Jenkins was reading a newspaper. Robert came in but he didn't say anything. A bout ten minutes later the boy showed a newspaper to him and called out, "There will be a base ball match tonight, Dad!" Mr Jenkins was surprised. He said to himself, "The boy is only three years old. How can he read the newspaper?" He held up the newspaper and began to look for the news. But he couldn't find it. At last the boy showed him an exclamation mark on the newspaper.( ) 1. Mr Jenkins is a ______. A. doctor B. teacher C. driver D. farmer( ) 2. Mr Jenkins always reads newspapers after supper because ______. A. he's very busy at school B. he works hard at school B. he wants to teach his son D. he wishes his family to listen to him( ) 3. "An exclamation mark" in the story means ____.A．逗号 B．冒号 C．句号D．感叹号( ) 4. Robert found ______ and called out. A. a baseball match B. a piece of good news C. a today's newspaper D. an exclamation mark( ) 5. Mr Jenkins thought ______, so he was surprised. A. there was a baseball match B. his son bought a newspaper for him C. his little son learned to read D. his little son learned to writeB Tom was going home at five yesterday. He got on a bus. A mother with her little boy was sitting nearby. Suddenly the boy cried. His mother tried her best to make the boy stop crying But the boy would not do so. At last Tom said angrily, "Oh, how that boy cried! Why do you give him what he want?" "I would if I could." Answered the mother quietly. "But he w your cap."( ) 1. What time was Tom going home yesterday? A. At four B. At five C. At six D. At seven( ) 2. Who was sitting near Tom on the bus? A. An old man with his little girl B. A young woman C. A woman with her little boy D. A young man( ) 3. The mother tried her best to make the boy ______. A. wake up B. go to sleep C. not talk much D. stop crying( ) 4. When the boy cried, Tom ______ A. was very angry B. was very hungry C. was very happy D. did not hear this( ) 5. Why was the boy crying? A. Because he wanted something to eat. B. Because he wanted to get off the bus. C. Because he wanted to go home. D. Because he wanted Tom's cap
⑻ 初中常考的名著课外阅读的题目有哪些
11．幸福的家庭是相同的，不幸的家庭各有各的不同。 (《安娜．卡列尼娜》)
12．唉回，奴隶般的意大利，你答哀痛之逆旅，你这暴风雨中没有舵手的孤舟，你不再是各省的主妇，而是妓院! (《神曲》)
13．将感情埋藏得太深有时是件坏事。如果一个女人掩饰了对自己所爱的男子的感情，她也许就失去了得到他的机会。 (《傲慢与偏见》)
14．钟声又鸣响了……一声又一声，静谧而安详，即使在女人做新娘的那个好月份里，钟声里也总带有秋天的味道。 (《喧嚣与骚动》)
15．一个人并不是生来要被打败的，你尽可以把他消灭掉，可就是打不败他。 (《老人与海》)
16．当然，行是行的，这固然很好，可是千万别闹出什么乱子来啊。 (《套中人》)
17．面包!面包!我们要面包! (《萌芽》)
18．我从没有爱过这世界，它对我也一样。 (《拜伦诗选》)
19．爱情应该给人一种自由感，而不是囚禁感。 (《儿子与情人》)
20．暴风雨将要在那一天，甚至把一些槲树吹倒，一些教堂的高塔要倒塌，一些宫殿也将要动摇! (《海涅诗选》)