① 英语阅读一般出题是什么思路
【初中专享】英语阅读满分的秘诀,原来在这6个字里面!
做阅读理解,说到底是一个习惯和方法的问题。参透下面六个字,与阅读理解满分零距离!
1重
“重”——“重文本”。读懂文章最重要。
文本是题源所在,如果将考生比作勘探人员,那么文本就是他们的勘探场所。撰题者正是通过对文章的深入剖析,才将一个个地宝藏埋藏其中,让考生去发掘。所以读懂文本不仅是正确解题的第一步,也是最关键的一步。
1、阅读的不良习惯
要养成良好的阅读习惯,首先要克服阅读的不良习惯。下面我列举了一些常见的阅读不良习惯,对号入座,看你有否。
心译:读一句心译一句,句句必须借助汉语译文方能理解;
指读:阅读时总是用指头或笔尖等指着句子,边移边读;
逐字逐句:一字一句,字字重视,句句关心,生怕漏掉一个单词,眉毛胡子一把抓;
见生即查:阅读时欲将生词各个击破,完全扫清阅读障碍,认为只要没有生词,便可洞悉文章;
出声:阅读时发出声音,全篇诵读,字字句句,丝毫不拉;
唇读:阅读时虽没有发出声音,但唇随句变,词带舌移,只是声带未颤,声音未出;
默读:没有出声,也没有唇动舌移,但目光、意识仍在逐句念诵。
以上不良习惯要么会打断阅读思维的连贯性,要么会破坏对文本的整体理解,而它们最大的害处就是降低了阅读速度。常听到同学抱怨“其实试题并不难,只是时间不够”,这正是阅读的不良习惯使然。
2、以意群为单位,成组视读
分清意群,停顿娴熟,不仅是朗诵的关键,更是阅读的基本素质。英语阅读时是以意群为单位,而非以单词或词组为单位。成组视读是说用眼睛扫视,不是一个词一个词的去默看,而是向探照灯一样根据意群,一组组的进行扫视,这时额头成了一个通道,被收纳的是信息,而不是词汇。这是一种高超的阅读能力,非以一贯之的坚持和大量的阅读不能够习得。
3、首尾在心,紧扣中心
任何一位作者都会有自己的写作意图,任何一篇文章都会有自己的中心主旨,而能否明晰作者的写作意图,能否把握文章的主旨,是理解一篇文章的关键,也是阅读水平高低的体现。为了考察考生对文章的理解程度和阅读水平,出题者必然会以各种方式对作者的写作意图与文章的主旨要义进行考察。一般来说,文章的主旨经常会被表述在文章的首尾中,首尾既包括文章的首段尾段,又包括每一段的段首句和段尾句。要想快速把握文章中心,文本之首尾段和各段之首尾句是最佳切入点,因此同学们应格外注意它们。
4、学会跳读,心中有图
阅读理解要做到心中既有森林,又有树木,既要统揽全文,又要主次有别。跳读即可用来通读全文,了解大意,又可用来搜寻细节,锁定被考察信息——如此既把握了整体,又不会忽视细节。在跳读时一定不要借用母语翻译,而要通过情景想象、提纲列表、重点连线、简图示意等手段来梳理文章脉络,使之直观化、形象化、具体化。
5、善于猜测词义
各类考试都允许出现3%的超纲词汇,这些词汇往往文中都会给出暗示,考生可以根据上下文来推断他们的意思;有些其后则会紧跟其同位语,直接对其进行解释说明;有的词汇(多数为名词)只需判定它是某类事物即可,比如人名、地名、某类动、植物等等,而无须弄明白其具体意思;有些词真是猜不出意思也不必太在意,因为一、两个词不认识根本不会对文章理解带来障碍,一定不能因之而恐慌,从而影响发挥。对于词义猜测试题中的超纲词,文中肯定会对其进行或解释、或同义、或暗示,只要细心,只要思路开阔,就一定能发现线索,确定其含义。
2
定
“定”——“定区间”。能够圈定各题答案的范围。
出题者一般都是根据文本的某一段,或某一段的某一句,或某一句的某一词,或根据隐藏在字里行间的作者的暗示进行题设。这就要求做题时要进行回想、返查,锁定与问题相关信息的所在区域,为正确解题打基础。这个过程就像捉迷藏一样,要想找到文本中躲藏的“猫猫”,就必须对藏躲“猫猫”的区域谙熟于心,进而准确定位,圈定范围,定能一抓一个准。
总的来说,每个问题都对应于文本中的某个区间,或显或隐,或大或小,或段或句或词,考生要擦亮眼睛,善于定位,为找到答案的根据做好必要且充分的准备。
3
划
“划”——“划根据”。作答时理由要充分,并在文章中划出解题依据。
能够在文本中划出解题根据是正确解题的关键,更是阅读理解不丢分的保障。猎人有句行话,叫“不见兔子不撒鹰”,在这儿我要告诉各位同学,在做阅读理解时要做到“不见根据不做题”。理由充分,根据凿实,这是“不仅知其然,而且知其所以然”的超高境界,是阅读水平提高的最大见证。从这种意义上讲,“划”字诀是“重、定、划、看、防、读”六字真诀之尤为重要者。
4
看
“看”——“看转换”。注意同一意思的不同表述(同意转述)。
英语语言相当丰富,同一意思会有多种不同表达,以避免语言表述上的单调重复。考试中常见的题型“同意改写”就是考察学生的这一能力的。以句型“决定做某事”为例,英语中就有不下就中表达:
1. decide to do sth.
2. make a decision to do sth.
3. determine to do sth.
4. be determined to do sth.
5. make a determination to do sth
6. resolve to do sth.
7. make a resolution to do sth.
8. make up one’s mind to do sth.
9. set one’s mind to do sth.
出题者设计试题时总会用不同的语言结构对文本中的某些信息进行同意转述。有的转述会很明显,可以一目了然;但也不乏隐含很深的转述。
5
防
“防”——“防陷井”。锁定是“true”还是“not true”,辨明形近词。
英语阅读中的陷阱设置最常见的有两种,判断对错真假型和词形相近型。对于判断对错真假型,考生做题前一定要认真审题,看准是“true”还是“not true”,是“right”还是“wrong”,然后才着手解题。可能会有同学认为,这么简单的事怎么会错?其实不然,在考场高度紧张的情况下,什么事情都会发生。试想你身边有过多少同学曾因把“true”与“not true”看反而懊恼不已,顿足捶胸?
对于词形相近型要做只有两个字“细心”,三思而后选。只要细心,此类陷阱就会很容易被识破。
归根到底,“防”的主要对象是自己,防止慌张,防止粗心大意,防止那些“想当然”的想法,防止自己的骄傲情绪——只要沉着应对,处处留心,任何陷阱都会被识别发现的。
6
读
“读”——“读全项”。做判断时要通读每一题的所有选项,区分鉴别,选择最佳。
阅读理解是从三个或四个选项中选出一个最佳选项,解题时考生要通读所有选项,比较鉴别,确定最佳。切不可挑读臆断,匆匆作答。比如做判断对错真假型试题时,选项中会有“一对三错”或“三对一错”,通读全项就会补救误读题干所造成的过失。
② 英语阅读理解完全能看懂,但是回答问题时思路很怪怎么办
第一来题,voice to voice是指声音对声源音,而全文应该是在述说人与人之间的沟通交流问题,所以很明显,by person好一些。
第二个问题,如果有原文和题目的话我会更好的解答。
其实英语阅读还有一条你忽略了就是文章的中心,选择答案的时候一定要切合文章的中心,与中心无关的选项大部分不是正确的。
还有,阅读是一个客观的审视,而不是你主观的判断,你看,你的问题你都强调了你觉得怎样怎样,掺杂了太多你的主观思想,这样就容易思路跑偏。建议你放松心态,就以文章为依据,将思想客观化。因为你完全可以看懂文章,那么当你思想客观的时候,你就能答出好成绩了。
我是去年的考生,呵呵~欢迎追问!
祝你高考成功哈~!
③ 在英语阅读中,出题人是怎么出题的,思路是怎么样的
他其实就是找一个关键的句子,考你对这个句子的理解。他就通过换同义词反义词或者变幻句型来考你。考对整篇的理解时,你也可以通过对首段或者尾段的关键句来得出答案。
④ 初中英语阅读作业和练习题怎么订正和评价最有效
我觉得要搞清楚常错的是什么题型,然后总结一下关键题型的解题方法。自己做不到的话求助老师,或者找像新东方一对一那种,效果可能更好一点。
⑤ 英语阅读理解练习题及答案 越短越好
一、
Betty and KittyBetty and Kitty are twins. They’re 12 years old. They look the same. But they have different hobbies. Betty likes collecting stamps. She has many beautiful stamps. They’re from different cities and countries. But Kitty likes growing flowers. The flowers are all very beautiful.Betty and Kitty both like reading books. Betty likes reading storybooks. But Kitty likes reading science books.On Sunday, they usually ride bikes to the park. They can play with their friends there. Sometimes their parents go there, too.
根据短文内容,判断下列句子的正误,正确的写“T”,错误的写“F”。
( ) 1. Betty is Kitty’s sister.
( ) 2. Betty likes growing flowers.
( ) 3. Kitty likes reading storybooks.
( ) 4. They’re twelve years old.
( ) 5. They usually take a bus to the park on Saturday.
二、
Lovely pandasPandas’ faces look like cats’, but their fat bodies and short tails are like bears’. Pandas are very lovely and they are friendly to people. People likes them very much.Most Pandas live in China. The northwestern part of Sichuan Province(省) and southern part of Gansu Province are their hometowns. Pandas like to climb trees. They usually live in the forests of high mountains, eat bamboo and drink spring water.
根据短文的意思,选出正确的答案。
( )1. The panda mainly lives in . A. America B. Shanghai C. London D. China
( )2. is like a cat’s. A. The panda B. The panda’s face C. The panda’s body D. The panda’s tail
( )3. Where are the pandas’ hometowns? A. Guangdong and Gansu. B. Sichuan and Suzhou.C. Gansu and Sichuan D. Hubei and Sichuan
( )4. What’s the panda’s main food? A. Rice. B. Meat. C. Bamboo. D. Grass.
三、
Four Good FriendsMary, Nancy, Ron and Kate are good friends. Mary’s favorite number is 3 and her favorite country is France. 16 is Nancy’s number, and America is her favorite country. Ron likes Japan very much. 30 is his favorite number. Whose favorite number is 60? Oh, it is Kate. Kate’s father works in Chinese food very much and they also like Chinese people. Kate’s lucky number is 6. All of them hope that one day they can travel the world together.
阅读短文,回答问题。
1. What’s Mary’s favorite number?
2. What’s Nancy’s favorite country?
3. What’s Kate’s father’s job?
4. Does Kate like Chinese food?
“God made the world, but the Dutch made Holland.” True to this saying, the people of the Netherlands are again “making” their land.
About 1980 the Netherlands will complete a project begun in the 1920’s: transforming the Zyuder Zee, an inlet (小港) of the North Sea into dry land and a freshwater lake. By stages, 550,000 acres of land will serve several purposes: instrial, recreational, military, and agricultural. Fed by the river Yssel, the remaining water basin Lake Yssel, about 300,000 acres will irrigate the surrounding land and help in the fight against salination (盐化作用). Excess water will drain through sluices into the sea.
As the first stop a nineteen-mile-long barrier dam, rising twenty-five feet above sea level, closed the entrance to the Zuider Zee. Then the experimental polder of a hundred acres preceded the first and smallest of the main polders fifty thousand acres that became dry land in 1930. The fifth and largest polder 150,000 acres will be the last of the Zuider Zee works.
Farmers for the new polder (开拓地) come from every province. The Eastern Flevoland polder, completed in 1957, became farmland for many from the province of Zealand which was badly hit by the disastrous floods of 1953.
31. This article gives a present-day example of how__________.
A. salty soils are desalinated B. the Netherlands has increased its land area
C. irrigation systems are built D. dams are constructed
32. The period taken for the Zuider Zee project is__________.
A. from 1900 up to 1960 B. from the 1920 till about 1980
C. from 1930 to 1957 D. less than fifty years
33. The Zuider Zee will be replaced by____________.
A. 550,000 acres of land B. 300,000 acres of fresh water
C. both A and B D. Neither A nor B
34. The article gives a measurement for the__________.
A. height of the barrier dam B. width of the barrier dam
C. width of the road along the dam D. height above sea level of the area on the land side of dam
35. Implied but not stated:
A. The first step in the project was a barrier dam.
B. The polder recipe was first used in this century.
C. Half of the Netherlands is below sea level.
D. There is more than one method of fighting salination.
D B C D A
During the Christmas shopping rush in London, the intriguing story was reported of a tramp(流浪汉) who, apparently through no fault of his own, found himself locked in a well-known chain store late on Christmas Eve. No doubt the store was crowded with last minute Christmas shoppers and the staff were dead beat and longing to get home. Presumably all the proper Security checks were made before the store was locked and they left to enjoy the three-day holiday untroubled by customers desperate to get last minute Christmas presents
However that may be, our tramp found himself alone in the store and decided to make the best of it. There was food, drink, bedding and camping equipment, of which he made good use. There must also have been television sets and radios Though it was not reported if he took advantage of these facilities, when the shop re-opened, he was discovered in bed with a large number of empty bottles beside him. He seems to have been a man of good humor and philosophic temperament---as indeed vagrants(流浪汉) very commonly arc. Everyone also was enjoying Christmas, so he saw no good reason why he should not do the same. He submitted, cheerfully enough, to being taken way by the police. Perhaps he had bad a better Christmas than usual. He was sent to prison for Seven days. The judge awarded no compensation to the chain store for the food and drink our tramp had consumed. They had, in his opinion, already received valuable free publicity from the coverage the story received in the newspapers and on television. Perhaps the judge had had a good Christmas too.
1. The tramp was locked in the store____
A. for his mistakes. B. e to a misunderstanding. C. by accident. D. through an error of judgment.
2. The staff were 'dead beat' means they were _____
A. half asleep. B. exhausted. C. irritable. D. forgetful.
3. What action did the tramp take? He_____
A. looted the store. B. made himself at home.
C. went to sleep for 2 days. D. had a Christmas party.
4. When the tramp was arrested, he _____
A. laughed at the police. B. looked forward to going to pr)son.
C. rook his bottles with him. D. didn't make any fuss.
5. Why didn't the judge award compensation to the chain store?
A. The tramp had stolen nothing of value.
B. The store had profited by the incident.
C. The tramp deserved a happy Christmas.
D. The store was responsible for what happened.
1.C(apparently through no fault of his own)第一段中找答案
2.B(No doubt the store was crowded with last minute Christmas shoppers and the staff were dead beat and longing to get home.)
3.B
4.D(He submitted, cheerfully enough, to being taken way by the police. )
5.B(They had, in his opinion, already received valuable free publicity from the coverage the story received in the newspapers and on television. )
⑥ 考研英语真题如何研究出题思路呢
我个人认为不必要研究什么出题思路的,那都是考研辅导机构做的,通常他们讲给我们听,内但是一般平时做容题谁按那个做,考场一忙什么都忘了,还是扎扎实实记单词,做真题,平时多练,我去年什么班都没报,就做了几十篇阅读,单词马马虎虎过了两遍,成绩还不错。
如果你英语不好就报个辅导班可以督促你,跟进学习进程,如果英语好,不必要报班,踏踏实实做题就好,对于有些人来说,上辅导班反而很浪费时间。那个题翻来覆去就那么几种,最重要的就是阅读,考研英语得阅读者得天下,而阅读一般情况下就是单词,因为考研英语中主要是给你大量生词,只要你看懂了,做题不是问题,当然语感也要培养(也就是不知为什么选这个,但直觉就是选这个)。
我也是刚考成功,祝你考研顺利啊!坚持就是胜利!个人拙见,见谅哈!不懂的再问我,满意就给分哦!
⑦ 英语四级阅读理解题思路有哪些
第一步,快速略读全文,浏览大标题,同时分析小标题。
浏览大标题的目的是为了对文章内容有大致的了解。而分析小标题则是为了把握文章的总体结构,了解文章内容的基本构成。如果阅读理解的篇幅较短,考试中可以直接用题目中的关键词汇定位,但是面对长篇累牍的快速阅读,考生首先应当留意文章当中是否有小标题。如果有,一定要先读小标题,因为小标题的作用如同目录,可以帮助考生宏观地把握文章框架,迅速寻找到有效信息的范围。
有时文章没有小标题,这时须按下列顺序浏览全文:第一段的第一句、第二句和最后一句——以下每一段的第一句——最后一段的第一句和最后一句。这种方法,意味着已经开始阅读,所以花的时间要长一些,但应该控制在两分钟之内。
第二步,仔细读题,划出标志词或关键词
标志词指的是专有名词(人名、地名、组织名、国名等)和数字等有标志性的单词,根据这些单词,我们可以对试题涉及的内容在文章中的位置进行快速定位。
如果试题中没有标志词,那么就根据试题中的名词、名词词组、动词、动词词组、形容词和形容词词组确定试题提问的内容,然后再确定试题在文章中的位置。
第三步,答题
在答题时,首先要根据标志词或关键词确定试题所在的部分,即在哪一个小标题下。如果文章没有小标题,也可以对试题在文章中的位置进行模糊定位。因为真题的出题顺序与原文的相关位置是一致的。也就是说,第四题答案的位置绝不会在第三题前面(但模拟题远非如此,所以模拟题较难)。因此我们答题时,不要一道题一道题地答,而要两道两道地做,前后呼应,能更好地定位。
⑧ 关于英语阅读理解命题的特点和解题技巧
一、 细节理解题的命题特点及解题方法
在阅读理解中,多数考题是针对文章中的细节设计的,目的在于考查学生对文章主体部分的理解程度。这类题旨在考查考生对事件、时间、地点、人物关系等细节的理解程度,快速捕捉细节以及多点归纳的能力。做细节理解题,需要考生具备细心观察的品质和一定的解题技巧。与推理判断类试题一样,细节类试题的依据是文章本身的内容,它是我们答题的唯一依据。
二、 推理判断题的命题特点及解题方法
文章信息不仅仅存在于文字表面,还包括字里行间作者未明言但意欲表达的意图,即作者的“弦外之音”。高考英语试题中的推理判断题,就是旨在考查考生对文章内涵的推理判断能力。
做这类题时必须注意两点:
一是推理的依据只能是文章本身的内容,一定要摆脱读者对问题的主观看法;
二是结合所读短文以外的有关背景知识和事理逻辑,加以分析、推理,最后作出符合逻辑的判断。
三、 主旨大意题的命题特点及解题方法
主旨大意题旨在考查考生把握全文主题大意和中心思想的能力,也包括分析、归纳文章段落大意、重要情节、人物特征以及环境特点等能力。做这类试题需要考生具有总体把握文章的能力,以及善于运用概念、判断、归纳推理等逻辑思维能力。同时应特别注意的是,一切从文章本身出发,切忌主观臆断。
四、 猜测词义题的命题特点及解题方法
猜测词义包括对词组和句意的理解,是高考英语试题中的常考题。答题者首先应该知道,这类题中的词、词组或句子都是可以根据文章内容推知其含义的,这是命题的基本要求。根据所猜词的特点,我们可以把它分成以下两类:
1. 这个词是可以分析的,即可以运用构词法知识(如前、后缀等)来判断它的词义;
2. 有较完整连贯的语境,即有比较明确的情景限制,此时可根据上下文(包括对比、因果、同等关系等)推测其词义;
针对这两种试题的特点我么可以采用以下的答题方法:
1. 构词法信息。对于派生法和合成法类词,只要将已知词的词义或者前后缀的含义结合起来分析,便可以推知其词义;对于转化法类词,则应根据它本身的基本含义,结合上下文的逻辑关系推知。
2. 上下文信息。包括对单词词义和词组含义的推断,以及对整个句子意思的猜测。近几年的高考试题中,猜测整个句意或者短语意思的试题越来越多。