2012英语一阅读text4

① 急求：大学英语综合教程1 第三单元和第四单元的text b 电子书

下面是第三单元和第四单元的text b 电子书，如果其它单元的或其它册的也要的话可以给我留言，将下面的粘贴到记事本里面就可以保存为TXT文本了。

How To Make Sense Out Of Science
David H. Levy
1 New Drugs Kill Cancer
如何理解科学

大卫•H•利维

新药灭癌
2 Devastation by El Ni?o — a Warning
厄尔•尼诺现象将带来毁灭 —— 一则警告
3 6:30 p.m. October 26, 2028: Could This Be the Deadline for the Apocalypse?
2028年10月26日下午6:30：世界末日的最后期限？
4 When these headlines appeared this year, their stories became the subjects of conversations around the world — talks spiced with optimism and confusion. Imagine the hopes raised in the millions battling cancer. Did the news mean these people never had to worry about cancer again? Or that we all had to worry about a catastrophe from outer space or, more immediately, from El Ni?o?
这些标题于今年见诸报端时，这类新闻便成为全世界的话题 —— 既掺有乐观又带来混乱的话题。想象一下这些新闻为成千上万与癌症抗争的人们所带来的希望。这些新闻是否意味着这些人再也不用为癌症担忧呢？还是说我们所有的人都得为来自外层空间的大祸，或者更近一点，为厄尔•尼诺现象造成的灾难而忧心忡忡呢？。
5 Unfortunately, science doesn't work that way. It rarely arrives at final answers. People battling cancer or victims of El Ni?o may find this frustrating, but the truth is that Nature does not yield her secrets easily. Science is done step by step. First an idea is formed. Then this is tested by an experiment. The outcome, one hopes, results in an increase in knowledge. 不幸的是，科学并非这般运作。科学极少提供最终的答案。与癌症搏斗的人们或厄尔•尼诺现象的受害者也许会觉得这太令人沮丧，但事实是，大自然并不轻易袒露其奥秘。科学研究是一步一步进行的，首先要有一个构想，然后用实验检验这个构想，人们希望其结果能成为知识的一种积累。
6 Science is not a set of unquestionable results but a way of understanding the world around us. Its real work is slow. (1) The scientific method, as many of us learned in school, is a graal process that begins with a purpose or a problem or question to be answered. It includes a list of materials, a procere to follow, a set of observations to make and, finally, conclusions to reach. In medicine, when a new drug is proposed that might cure or control a disease, it is first tested on a large random group of people, and their reactions are then compared with those of another random group not given the drug. All reactions in both groups are carefully recorded and compared, and the drug is evaluated. All of this takes time — and patience.
科学并非一组无可置疑的结果，而是认识我们周围世界的一种方法。其实际进程是缓慢的。(1) 正如我们很多人在学校里所学的那样，科学方法是一个渐进的过程，这个过程始于某个目的，或某个有待解决或回答的问题。这包括一组材料，一套必须遵循的操作步骤，一系列有待进行的观察，最后是有待得出的结论。医学上，有人提出一种新药可能医治或控制某种疾病时，先是在随意挑选的大量人群中进行试验，然后将这部分人群的用药反应与另一组随意挑选的未用此药的人群的情况进行比较。两组人群的种种反应被一一记录，仔细比较，从而对新药的疗效作出鉴定。所有这些过程需要时间 —— 以及耐心。
7 It's the result of course, that makes the best news — not the years of quiet work that characterize the bulk of scientific inquiry. After an experiment is concluded or an observation is made, the result continues to be examined critically. When it is submitted for publication, it goes to a group of the scientist's colleagues, who review the work. If the work is important enough, just before the report is published in a professional journal or read at a conference, a press release is issued and an announcement is made to the world.
成为新闻热点的当然是结果，而非长年默默无闻的努力，而长年默默无闻的努力正是绝大多数科学探索的特点。在实验有了结论，或观察结束之后，其结果仍将受到严格的检测。结果送交发表时，会由一组科学家的同行审阅。如果成果相当重要，那在专业杂志上发表或会议上宣读该实验报告之前，将会举行新闻发布会，向世人宣布。
8 The world may think that the announcement signifies the end of the process, but it doesn't. A publication is really a challenge: "Here is my result. Prove me wrong!" (2) Other researchers will try to repeat the experiment, and the more often it works, the better the chances that the result is sound. Einstein was right when he said: "No amount of experimentation can ever prove me right; a single experiment can at any time prove me wrong."
世人也许会认为宣布结果标志整个过程的结束，其实不然。发表成果实际上是种挑战：“本人所作结论在此。请证其谬！”(2) 别的研究人员会试图重复这一实验，实验成功的次数越多，其结果就越有可能是可靠的。爱因斯坦说得对：“再多的实验也永远不能证明我正确，而一项实验随时就能证明我错误。”
9 In August 1996, NASA announced the discovery in Antarctica of a meteorite from Mars that might contain evidence of ancient life on another world. (3)As President Clinton said that day, the possibility that life existed on Mars billions of years ago was potentially one of the great discoveries of our time.
1996年8月，美国国家航天和航空局宣布在南极洲发现了一颗来自火星的陨石，其中可能包含着其他星球存在古老生命的证据。(3) 正如克林顿总统那天所说，发现亿万年前火星上可能存在生命这件事, 有可能是我们时代最伟大的发现之一。
10 After the excitement wore down and initial papers were published, other researchers began looking at samples from the same meteorite. (4) Some concluded that the "evidence of life" was mostly contamination from Antarctic ice or that there was nothing organic at all in the rock.
当兴奋和激动慢慢平息，首批论文发表之后，其他研究人员开始研究取自同一颗陨石的样本。(4) 有些人得出结论说，这些“生命的证据”大多来自南极冰的污染，或者说那块石头里根本就没有有机物。

Ben Carson: Man of Miracles
Christopher Phillips
1 Ben Carson looked out at Detroit's Southwestern High School class of 1988. It was graation day. At 36, Carson was a leading brain surgeon, performing delicate and lifesaving operations. But 19 years before, he had graated from this same inner-city school. He remembered it all — the depressing surroundings of one of Detroit's toughest, poorest neighborhoods. And he knew the sense of hopelessness and despair that many of these 260 students were feeling about the future.
本•卡森：一个创造奇迹的人

克里斯托弗•菲利普斯

本•卡森望着底特律市西南高中1988届的毕业班学生。那天是毕业典礼日。卡森36岁，是一位杰出的脑外科医生，施行需要小心处理的挽救生命的手术。然而，19年前，他就毕业于这同一所市中心贫民区的学校。他一切记忆犹新 —— 记得这是底特律市一个最贫穷的也是暴力犯罪最严重的街坊，记得那种压抑的环境。他知道这260名学生当中的许多人对未来有一种绝望感。
2 (1) For weeks he had worried over how to convince the graates that they, too, could succeed against seemingly impossible odds, that they could move mountains. Now, standing to deliver the main address, he held up his hands. "See these?"he asked the students. "I didn't always use them for surgery. When I was a little younger than you are, I often waved a knife with them to threaten people. And I even tried to kill somebody."
(1) 几个星期以来，他一直苦苦思索，如何才能让这些毕业生相信，他们也能克服似乎难以战胜的困难获取成功，他们也能创造奇迹。此刻，他正起身作贵宾演讲，他举起了双手。“看到吗？”他问学生，“我过去并非总是用我的手作外科手术。在我比你们还年轻一点的时候，常常两手挥舞小刀恐吓别人。我甚至曾经试图杀人。”
3 The students stared in disbelief.
学生们难以置信地瞪大了眼睛。
4 Ben and his older brother, Curtis, grew up in a crowded apartment building near the school. Their mother, Sonya, who had married at age 13 and divorced when Ben was eight, worked at two and sometimes three low-paying jobs at a time. She wanted a better life for her two sons and showered them with encouragement. However, both boys started badly in school, especially Ben.
本和哥哥柯蒂斯就在这所学校附近一幢拥挤的公寓大楼里长大。母亲索妮娅13岁结婚，在本8岁时离了婚。她同时干两份，有时甚至三份低报酬的活儿。她想让两个儿子过上好日子，拼命地鼓励他俩。但两个孩子刚上学时都学得一团糟，尤其是本。
5 Sonya recognized that Ben was bright. He just didn't seem motivated. "From now on,"she announced one afternoon, "you can watch only two TV shows a week. You have to read at least two books every week and give me reports so I know you really read them." 索妮娅知道本很聪明。他只不过是缺乏动力。“从现在开始，”有天下午她说道，“你们一星期只能看两次电视。每星期你们至少得读两本书，要给我写读书报告，我好知道你们真的是读了。”
6 At first Ben hated reading. Then, graally, he discovered a new world of possibility. (2) Before long he was reading more books than his determined mother required, and he couldn't wait to share them with her.
起初，本痛恨读书。后来，渐渐地，他发现了一个充满机会的崭新世界。(2) 没多久，他的阅读便超出了意志坚定的母亲所规定的数目，他迫不及待地与母亲分享阅读的快乐。
7 His mother studied the book reports closely. "That's a fine job, Bennie," she would tell her beaming son. What she didn't tell Ben or Curtis was that, with only a third-grade ecation, she couldn't read.
母亲认真审阅读书报告。“写得不错，本尼，”她会对满面笑容的儿子说。她没有告诉本或柯蒂斯的是，她只上过三年学，根本不会读书。

8 "Mom," Ben announced one day, "When I grow up, I want to be a doctor."
“妈妈，”一天本说道，“等我长大了，我要当医生。”
9 Sonya Carson smiled, knowing Ben must have just read a book on doctors. "You can be anything you want to be," she assured him.
索妮娅•卡森微微一笑，知道本准是刚读了一本有关医生的书。“心想事成，” 她深信不疑地对他说。
10 With a goal now, young Ben soared from the bottom of his class toward the top. His teachers were astonished. There was one thing, however, that Ben couldn't seem to conquer: his violent temper. (3) He boiled with anger — anger at his departed father, anger at the hardships his mother faced, anger at all the wasted lives he saw around him.
有了目标，年轻的本的功课从全班最差跃升至榜首。他的老师都非常惊讶。但是有一件事，本似乎不能克服，那就是他的火爆脾气。(3) 他满腔愤怒 —— 对死去的父亲愤怒，对母亲承受的艰辛愤怒，对自己所目睹的身边所有荒废的人生愤怒。
11 Then one afternoon, walking home from school, 14-year-old Ben started arguing with a friend. Pulling a camping knife, Ben thrust at the boy. The steel blade struck the youngster's metal belt buckle, and the blade snapped. Ben's friend fled.
一天下午，在放学回家的路上，14岁的本跟一个朋友争了起来。本拔出一把野营用小刀朝那个男孩捅去。钢制刀身扎在男孩的金属带扣上喀嚓一声折断了。本的朋友逃走了。
12 Ben stood stone-still. "I almost killed someone!" he said quietly. There and then he made a decision. If he was ever going to fulfill his dream of becoming a doctor and save others, he was first going to have to cure himself. Never again would he let his anger run away with him.
本站在那儿，呆住了。“我差点儿杀了人！”他默默地说。他当机立断。如果真的还想要实现自己的医生梦，救死扶伤，他首先必须医治好自己的恶习。他决不再让自己的脾气失控。
13 In 1969 Ben graated third in his class from Southwestern High and received a full scholarship to Yale. After Yale he obtained grants to study at the University of Michigan Medical School. This was the start of a career that was to lead him, at age 33, to be appointed senior brain surgeon at Johns Hopkins hospital. From around the world, other surgeons came to seek his counsel.
1969年，本以全班第三名的成绩从西南高中毕业，并获得耶鲁大学全额奖学金。耶鲁本科毕业后，他获得奖学金去密歇根大学医学院学习。这是他职业生涯的起点，并使他在33岁时便被任命为约翰斯•霍普金斯医院高级脑外科医师。来自世界各地的外科医生都来向他咨询。
14 In April 1987 a German doctor arrived with the records of Siamese twins, newborns Patrick and Benjamin Binder. The boys had separate brains, but at the back of the heads, where they were joined, they shared blood vessels. Their mother refused to sacrifice either child to save the other. Surgeons knew of no other way to proceed. In many cases, when Siamese twins are separated at the back of the head, one child survives and the other either dies or suffers severe mental injury.
1987年4月，一位德国医生带着连体双胎、新生婴儿帕特里克和本杰明•拜恩德的病历前来找本。两个男婴有各自的大脑，但在连接两人的后脑部，两人共用血管。孪生婴儿的母亲拒绝牺牲一个孩子挽救另一个孩子。医生们束手无策。在许多病例中，连体双胎在后脑部分割时，一个孩子存活，另一个则无法存活，或者将遭受严重脑力损伤。
15 Carson came up with a plan to give both twins the best chance of survival: stop their hearts, drain their blood supply completely and restore circulation only after the two were safely separated.
卡森提出了一个使两个孩子都有最佳存活机会的方案：停止两人心脏搏动，完全停止供血，直到两人被安全分离后再恢复血液循环。
16 The entire operation took 22 hours and required a 70-person team. After the twins' hearts were stopped and their blood drained, Carson had only one hour to separate the damaged blood vessels. He worked smoothly and quickly, easing his instruments deep into the brains of the two infants. Twenty minutes after stopping the twins' circulation, he made the final cut. Now, working with his team, he had 40 minutes to reconstruct the blood vessels that had been cut open and close Patrick's head. Another team would do the same for Benjamin.
整个手术花了22小时，投入了一个70人的医疗组。停止了两个婴儿的心脏搏动和供血后，卡森只有一个小时的时间来分离业已损伤的血管。他娴熟快速地施行手术，将各种手术器械轻轻地切入两个婴儿的大脑深处。供血停止后二十分钟，他动了最后一刀。随后，他与医疗组合作，将用四十分钟时间重建被切开的血管，缝合帕特里克的头。另一组医务人员将对本杰明施行同样的手术。
17 Just within the hour limit, the babies were fully separated, and the operating tables were wheeled apart.
就在一小时时限将到之时，两个孩子被完全分离，两张手术台被分别推开。
18 Tired but happy, Dr. Carson went out to the waiting room. "Which one of your children would you like to see first?" he asked their mother.
疲倦不堪却又满心欢喜的卡森医生来到等候室。“你想先看哪个孩子呢？”他问孩子的母亲。
19 The students of Detroit's Southwestern High sat silently as Ben Carson described his life's journey from an angry street fighter to an internationally distinguished brain surgeon. "It's important that you know there are many ways to go," Dr. Carson told them. "Becoming a brain surgeon is perfectly possible. But you don't have to be a surgeon. There are opportunities everywhere. You just have to be willing to take advantage of them. (4) Think big! Nobody was born to be a failure. If you feel you're going to succeed — and work your tail off — you will succeed!"
底特律市西南高中的学生们静坐着，听本•卡森讲述自己从一个愤怒的街头打手成长为国际知名的脑外科医生的人生旅程。“重要的是要明白人生的道路多种多样，”卡森医生告诫他们道。“成为一位脑外科医生是完全可能的。但你并不一定要当外科医生。机会无处不在。但你得要肯去利用。(4) 要有雄心壮志！没有人生来就是失败者。如果你觉得自己会成功 —— 于是发奋努力 —— 你就会成功！”
20 Pausing, Ben Carson turned to his mother who was sitting in the front row.
本•卡森停顿片刻，朝坐在前排的母亲望去。
21 "I'd like to thank my mother," Carson said in closing, "for all the success I've had."
“我要为我取得的所有成功感谢我的母亲，”卡森最后说。
22 Southwestern High's entire graating class stood and clapped for a solid five minutes. Tears welled in Ben Carson's eyes.
西南高中毕业班学生全体起立，鼓掌足足持续了五分钟。泪水从本•卡森的双眸涌出。
23 Afterward, Sonya Carson embraced her son fondly. "It's really true, Bennie," she said. "You can be anything you want to be. And you've done it!"
后来，索妮娅•卡森深情地搂住儿子。“真的没错，本尼，”她说。“心想事成。你已经做成了！”
11 Was this a failure of science, as some news reports trumpeted?
这是某些新闻报道所鼓噪的科学的失败吗？
12 No! It was a good example of the scientific method working the way it is supposed to. Scientists spend years on research, announce their findings, and these findings are examined by other scientists. That's how we learn. Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two. It's a process filled with disappointments and reverses, but somehow we keep moving ahead.
不！这正是科学研究以其应有的方式进行的一个范例。科学家经过多年研究发布成果，其成果再由其他科学家加以检验。我们就是这样增进知识的。正如爬山，我们费力爬上三英尺，又掉下去两英尺。这是个充满失望与挫折的过程，但不管怎样，我们一直往前迈进。

② 2013年英语一阅读text4是不是太难了点儿

2013年英复语一阅读text4确实是非常难制了。

每年考试过后8月份或9月份公布成绩并颁发成绩单，根据教育部规定四六级考试不设置及格线，四级425分（含425分）以上可以报考六级，所以大家普遍认为四六级的合格线为425分。

英语四六级的分数是排位分，没有总分。报名时间CET全国英语四六级考试的考试时间为：每年6月份、12月份（每年时间略有不同）。

2019年1月15日，中国教育部考试中心与英国文化教育协会在京联合发布雅思、普思考试与中国英语能力等级量表对接研究结果。雅思听力得5分，即达到中国英语能力等级量表四级水平。

③ 新概念英语2 试卷text4的答案

1 He missed the train because he did not hurry.
2 Although he ran fast, he failed to win the race.
3 I was so tired that I went to sleep immediately.
4 My neighbour, who went to Tokyo for a holiday, could not return home because he did not have enough money.
5 Finding the door unlocked, I went into the kitchen.
6 I bought a picture which was very valuable.
7 He walked quietly down the corridor so that no one would hear him.
8 They cleared the ground to build a house.

One day, a workman who was digging in a field accidentally struck a 6, 000-volt electricity cable with his spade. Although he was thrown twenty feet, he was unhurt. However, that night the neighbouring town was in darkness and no one knew what had happened

a I'd(would)prefer…'t understand…doesn't matter…does that word mean…don't know…is bringing
b got…decided…began…wrote…included…paid…rang…was not surprised…led…hid…was embarrassed
c lookd…arrived…have been waiting…said…answered…Were…went…said…got…weren't…came…said…waited…didn't come…have you been doing…asked…have just been… answered
d came… was used… used to hide… would often bury/often buried…(would)fail/failed… went…was examining… showed… was… g… found
e is setting out/will set out…will send…receive…receive/have received…will try…locate/have located…will fire…will carry…will pour…will be sent
f will soon be sending up…will be taking…will grab…will soon be sending…will tell…will have sent
g (had)discovered…appeared…had taken…died…happened…claimed…had died…had been searching…had been found

h was taking…had been asked…having been instructed…must have been pleased…be stopped…could be heard… were both thrown
i
1 He told me to keep quiet.
2 He suggested(that) I should send him a telegram(or He suggested sending him…).
3 He insisted(that) I should ask him about it(or He insisted on my asking him…).
4 He told me not to worry about it.

1 I wonder if he can wait a few minutes longe.
2 I wonder when he will arrive.
3 I wonder if he has passed his examination.
4 I wonder where he is.

1 had listened
2 had written
3 would have had
1 meeting…running…pretending…meeting…coming…preventing…following…meeting…doing… coming…speaking D

1 should/ought to come
2 had to do
3 should have/ought to have come
4 should have/ought to have asked

1 He is having a new house built.
2 She will have a new dress made.
3 I had my hair cut yesterday.
4 We must have this tree cut down.

1 I did not manage to get into town this morning.
2 They did not manage to find the boy who had run away.
3 He did not manage to find a new job.
4 I did not manage to translate the passage into English.

breakfast… the children… school…(the) market… The children… school… work… the house. some tarts for tea… a short time… butter and flour… sticky pastry… the telephone… the receiver…two sticky fingers…the voice…the receiver…a mess…pastry…the telephone…the doorknobs…the kitchen…the door bell…the dead…the postman…a registered lette

of…deal…most…most…oldest…many…Many…more…few…than…lot of…deal… from…less

1 in…at…in…in
2 at…out of
3 to…in…with…in…in

1 with 2 at 3 of 4 for5 to 6 for 7 of 8 to
Special difficulties

1 loose 4 hard 7 used to 10 pick 13 let 16 amused
2 rise 5 won 8 dropped 11 grown 14 part 17 checking
3 laid 6 quiet 9 at 12 invented 15 reason 18 advise

If you promise not to mention it to anyone else, I'll tell you a secret.
Have you said your prayers tonight, Johnny?
He told me a lie.
She said nothing to me or to anyone else.
I always tell the children a story before they go to bed.
‘Are they really coming tonight?’-‘Of course. They said so. ’

1 Our school dining room is very large.
2 He told us a ghost story.
3 She gave me a birthday present.
4 We stopped at a village pub.
5 The party leader made a speech.

④ 求助 关于考研英语一真题2013年text4

Text 4
a five to three vote,the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona's immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Aministration.But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the federal government and the states.
An arizona.United States,the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona's controversial plan to have state and local police enfour federal immigrations law.The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to "establish a uniform Rule of Anturalization" and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial.Arizona had attempted to fashion state police that ran to the existing federal ones.
Justice Anthony Kennedy,joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court's liberals,ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun .On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately "occupied the field " and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal's privileged powers
However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.
Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute. The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.
The 8-0 objection to President Obama tures on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”. The White House argued tha Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter. In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.
Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government,and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status,it could.It could.It never did so.The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn't want to carry out Congress's immigration wishes,no state should be allowed to do so either.Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.
36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they
[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.
[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.
[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.
[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.
37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4?
[A] Federal officers’ ty to withhold immigrants’information.
[B] States’ independence from federal immigration law.
[C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.
[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.
38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts
[A] violated the Constitution.
[B] undermined the states’ interests.
[C] supported the federal statute.
[D] stood in favor of the states.
39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement
[A] outweighs that held by the states.
[B] is dependent on the states’ support.
[C] is established by federal statutes.
[D] rarely goes against state laws.
40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?
[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.
[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.
[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.
[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.

⑤ 考研英语2012text4文章的一个疑问

是 getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones

⑥ 大学英语综合教程4 里Unit 1-Unit 7 text A中的重点句子的翻译。。。

对不起，真的找不到那些书了，不过你可以去其他网址看看，比如沪江

⑦ 能把英语泛读教程第四册的第十单元text 1课文翻译发我下不上海外语教育出版社出版的,跪求啊，谢谢啦

楼主您好。

您要的英语泛读教程第四册的第十单元text 1课文翻译如下：

尸检和弦乐
安尼塔·昆茨
是什么最终导致了莫扎特的早逝？他死了数百年后，在马里兰州召开了一次不同寻常的临床病理学会议，以诊断这位天才的死因，会上，费思· 菲茨杰拉德教授提出了其独到的诊断意见。这次会议如何不同寻常？菲茨杰拉德教授又是如何进行尸检的？下面的文章将会澄清这些疑团。

在马里兰州立大学戴威基大厅里的砖铺地面上，一位著名的医学教授正准备进行一次最为不同寻常的尸检。虽然两百多年来，这座前后座椅间坡度很大的带圆顶的圆形剧场举办了各种医学讲座及演示，今天提供的 内容却不同一般，因为根本见不到死者的遗体。尸解结束时，一个弦乐四重奏乐队将奉献十八世纪的音乐节目。这儿正在举行的是该校第六次历史临床病理学年会。每年，该大学的医学院会邀请一位医生就一些历史人物——从艾德加·爱伦·坡到亚历山大大帝——所患的神秘疾病作出诊断。今年的病人是一位三十五岁的男性，患病两周后死于维也纳。他的遗体被安葬在一个普通的墓地里，但他那才华横溢的音乐至今仍在世界各地的音乐厅中回荡。
费思·菲茨杰拉德是内科医生，加利福尼亚大学戴维斯医学院教授。她首先提出：“当一些杰出人物死于普通疾病时，我们就会感到不安。”她的开场白给那些急于解释随后的研究的人提了个醒。当事人当时正处于创作的颠峰期，且那一阵健康状况很好，突然一病不起，发高烧、头疼、盗汗、手脚浮肿。几天之内，浮肿就扩散到了身体各处——也就是我们所说的全身性水肿。这位受害者卧病在床，胸部和腹部还出了疹子。病了一周时间之后，他诉说全身疼痛，遭受了阵阵呕吐和痢疾的折磨。他神智仍一直清醒和警觉，但到1791年12月4日晚，出现谵妄症状，陷入昏迷，午夜过后便病逝。
费思·菲茨杰拉德解释说，围绕着这一特殊病历的争议，是因为死者名人身份：沃尔夫冈·阿马戴乌斯·莫扎特的去世“一点儿都不会神秘至今，如果那个十二月的晚上死去的是沃尔夫冈·阿马戴乌斯·穆勒的话。”此后，被名人效应左右的医生们归结了一百多种使莫扎特死亡的病因。菲茨杰拉德指出，“这些[诊断]的每一种，争论时的热情要远大于对数据的关注。”“当然，莫扎特死于梅毒，死因怎么说都行——因为每个伟人都死于梅毒。”
曾给生病的作曲家看病的医生们同样也帮不上什么忙。他们的救助方法就是放血或用冷敷布降温。当时没有对尸体进行尸检。康奈尔大学音乐理论家尼尔·扎斯罗简述了莫扎特生平，据他所说，莫扎特死亡与安葬时，两座教堂载明的死因都是“严重的粟疹热”，在当时这是对出现籽状疹症候群的一种通用描述。报纸上登载的关于其死亡的诊断则有声有色，不怀好意，认为是一种有毒的性病，还有心脏浮肿——这在十八世纪用来指体液潴留及严重水肿。

甚至一些在莫扎特小时侯给他检查过身体、颇有学识的人士，对他最终的死因也形成自己的看法。扎斯罗说，“他们认为，每个个体生来就存储有限的生命要素，当这种生命要素以他们认为的在年轻的莫扎特体内的强度消耗时，这种要素就可能提前耗尽，导致早逝。”

就这样，过多的想象以及时间的流逝，使悲剧演变成一个亟待解决的医学之谜。对于该医学院副院长菲利普·迈考威艾克来说，这正是他所感兴趣的材料。六年前，他在一本马里兰州的历史杂志上读到一篇关于艾德加·爱伦·坡临终情况的叙述，然后便发起组织了这个会议。他雇了一个演员扮演坡，还邀请他的同事迈克尔·本尼特斯重新审查这位作家的病史。 用选自坡所著的故事《黑猫》中的一段独白，恰如其分地最终得出诊断结果：死于狂犬病。死于狂犬病的说法吸引了相当多的注意力，以致成为电视益智问答节目《危险》中的一个问题。

从那以后，参加会议的人探讨过亚历山大大帝、贝多芬以及雅典军事和政治领袖培里克利斯的死因。到目前为止，迈考威艾克的医学同行们所作出的诊断 ，要是不算平庸的话 ，也是比较常见的——这使得会议不仅有趣，而且对于与会的受训医生来说也很实用。医学博士保罗·萨赫戴夫正在传染病研究领域接受最后一年培训，他说，给历史人物会诊过程中体现一种 彻底性，而当前临床实践有时就缺乏这一点。“一旦你过了见习期及住院实习期，你就容易不假思索地作出一些诊断，而不仔细考虑所有的可能性。”

萨赫戴夫说，通过没有现代科技帮助的一个病例考察另一种医疗工作，也具有启发性。在莫扎特这个例子中，最显著的病症——全身水肿一般有三个成因：肝脏疾病、肾脏疾病以及充血性心力衰竭。没有现代的实验技术，菲茨杰拉德必须运用演绎推理。她第一步是排除肝脏疾病，因为并没有出现黄疸症状。
一些医学史家曾暗示是肾脏疾病，因为莫扎特的耳朵有些畸形。耳朵和肾脏几乎在人类胚胎阶段同时发育；因此，畸形的耳朵也可以表明肾脏有问题。但是菲茨杰拉德说，莫扎特并没有肾脏机能不良的病史。而且，严重的肾脏病在发病过程中产生谵妄症状时间要早。

因此，最后菲茨杰拉德转向了充血性心力衰竭。如果心脏不能泵压足够的血液通过肾脏以排出存在于体液中的盐分，也可能会导致全身水肿。用戴威基大厅配备的听诊器，在场的任何一位听众都会很容易确诊心脏疾病。“不幸的是，”菲茨杰拉德说，“在莫扎特死后二十五六年 才发明听诊检查。而且也没有记录表明，他的医生曾经把耳朵贴在胸部听心跳。如果我真得面对一个出疹、发烧、盗汗、浮肿的家伙，我大概也不会想要把耳朵靠在他的胸部。”
但是，菲茨杰拉德注意到，据说在莫扎特去世时，维也纳正遭受一场流行性风湿热的侵扰。风湿热的形成是由于某种细菌入侵诱发免疫系统产生抗体。抗体袭击细菌，但它们也可能会袭击体质虚弱的寄主的心脏、皮肤、关节和大脑。菲茨杰拉德指出，这种反会引发产生在莫扎特身上的其它病症，也会导致充血性心力衰竭。风湿热对神经系统造成的后果舞蹈病，可以用来解释莫扎特临终时的谵妄症状，也可以解释其令人困惑的性格变化——在去世前几天， 这种变化导致他把自己最宠爱的金丝雀从病房中赶了出去。

她说：“人们可以说那场流行病对他的死因并不重要，那只是巧合而已。但我认为，要是对此不加以考虑，则有些自大。”菲茨杰拉德运用奥卡姆剃刀原则——即对某一现象最简单的解释可能性最大——作出了诊断：由风湿热引起的充血性心力衰竭。
听众们显得平静，而且深感满意，就好象沉浸在对一位亡友的颂扬之中。人们分发着三明治，弦乐四重奏乐队正在做演出准备，当第一个音符奏响的时候，沃尔夫冈·阿马戴乌斯·莫扎特又重获生命。

希望能帮到您。
望采纳，谢谢！

⑧ 谁有2015年考研英语一的阅读理解text1-4的翻译~~请赐给我吧~~

你买本真题书就行了，上面都有，虽然我今年考得，但是我都忘啦

⑨ 2010年考研英语TEXT4中.有一个句子是这样的:and , unless banks carry toxic assets at price that attrac

翻译：除非银行以吸引买家的价格出售有毒资产。
我找了下原文，专发现有句比较接近的，America’s new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive.（除非银行把资属产的价格定在买家感兴趣的价位，否则美国买完有毒资产的计划难以施行。）
而carry原意可为携带；运载；传送，我认为在这里可以引申为出售。