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英语一般过去时的结构语法

发布时间:2020-12-28 02:16:54

⑴ 英语一般过去时,一般将来时句子写3个

一般过去时抄,谓语动词袭用过去式,对应的是过去的时间

I was eleven years old last year. 我去年11岁

She went to Shanghai last week. 她上周去了上海

He visited his grandparents last weekend. 他上个周末看望了他的祖父母


一般将来时,句子结构be going to 或者 will +动词原形,对应的未来的时间

I am going to Beijing next week. 我下周将要去北京

She will be your classmate next year. 她明年将会是你的同班同学

They are going to go fishing tomorrow. 他们明天将要去钓鱼


希望能帮到你~

⑵ 英语语法:一般过去时

如果句中有动词,就用原型。句中有动词,一般疑问句用助动词开头(do did does)
句中无动词,就用版Be动词开头

不明权白的请追问

你那句改成一般疑问句,变成:Does Tom sleep all day last Monday?因为sleep是动词,Tom是人,用单三形式

有帮助,请采纳,谢谢

噢。。楼主你真细心,我都是在这很粗心的。是Did开头的。。。。

⑶ 英语8大时态的结构、具体的用法

英语动词的时态
1. 一般现在时
一般现在时的形式
是以动词的原形表示的,当主语为第三人称单数时,做谓语的动词原形后要加上词尾-s or -es, 其构成方式列表如下:
情况 构成 例词
一般情况 词尾加-s Reads, writes
以ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的词 词尾加-es Teaches,washes,guesses, fixes, goes
以辅音字母+Y 结尾的词 变Y为I,再加-es Tries, carries

但是,动词to be 和to have 的一般现在时的形式特殊如下:
一般动词的词形变化 To be 的词形变化 To have 的词形变化
I know it I am a student I have a pen.
You know it. You are a student You have a pen
He (she) knows it. He (she) is a student. He (she)has a pen.
We (you,they) know it. We (you,they) are students. We (you,they) have pens.

一般现在时的功用

1. 表示一直发生的事情,经常发生的动作:
Nurses look after patients in hospitals.
Excuse me, do you speak English?
I get up at 8 o’clock every morning.
It often rains in summer in Beijing.
2. 表示客观事实或者真理:
Birds fly.
The earth goes around the sun.

3. 谈论时间表、旅程表等,如:
What time does the film begin?
The football match starts at 8 o’clock.
Tomorrow is Thursday.

4. 谈论籍贯、国籍等,如:
Where do you come from?
I come from China. 你是哪国人?我是中国人。

Where do you come from?
I come from Guangzhou. 你是哪里人?我是广州人。

5. 询问或者引用书籍、通知或新近接到的信笺内容,如:
What does that notice say?
What does Ann say in her letter?
She says she’s coming to Beijing next week.
Shakespears says, “Neither a borrower or a lender be.”
莎士比亚说:“既不要向人借钱,也不要借钱给别人。”

一般过去时

一般过去时是表示在说话时间以前发生的动作或者状态的动词时态,它是英语时态体系中最重要的时态之一。
1) 一般过去时规则动词的构成形式:
规则动词在其原形后面加-ed:
to work-worked
以字母e结尾的规则动词,只加-d:
to love---loved
对所有人称均无词形变化。
否定式均由did not + 动词原形构成
I / you / he / she / they / we did not work.
疑问式均由 did + 主语 + 动词原形 构成
拼写注意:
情况 变化 例词
动词为单音节,以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾 辅音字母双写,再加-ed Stop-stoppedAdmit-admitted
以y结尾的动词,在y 前为辅音字母时 Y 变为 I ,加 - ed Carry -carriedHurry -hurried
以y 结尾的动词,在y 前为元音字母时 加-ed Obey-obeyedEnjoy---enjoyed

在英语当中有一部分动词的过去式变化形式是不规则的,这类动词被称为不规则动词。总数大概不过200多个,但是使用频率很高。主要分成三类:

1》 第一类不规则动词的三种形式同形,如:
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
hurt hurt hurt
shut shut shut
set set set
注意,有些动词的过去式与过去分词有两中形式,如:
bet bet / betted bet / betted
wed wed / wedded wed / wedded
wet wet / wetted wet / wetted
2》 第二类不规则动词的过去式和过去分词同形,如:
bend bent bent
bring brought brought
catch caught caught
hide hid hid / hidden
get got got/ gotten(AmE)
lead led led
3》 第三类不规则动词的原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同,如:
原形 过去式 过去分词
begin began begun
break broke broken
forbid forbade forbidden
grow grew grown
ring rang rung
wake woke / waked woken / waked
此外还有少数不规则动词的过去分词与原形相同,如:
come came come
become became become
run ran run

一般过去时的功用
1) 表示一个没指明具体时间的过去的行动,如:
He worked in that bank for four years. (没说明起始时间,但是现在不在那里工作了)。
They once saw Deng Xiaopin.
Did you ever hear BackStreet Boy sing?

2) 表示在过去特定的时间结束的行动,如:
When did you meet him?
I met him yesterday.

When we lived in Phoenix, we studied at Arizona State University.

Where have you been?
I’ve been to the opera.
Did you enjoy it?

3) 表示过去的习惯
He always carried an umbrella.
They never drank wine.

现在完成时的形式
现在完成时由to have 的现在时+过去分词构成:
肯定式 否定式 疑问式 否定疑问式
I have worked I have not worked Have I worked? Have I not worked?
You have worked You havenot worked Have you worked? Have you not worked?
He (she)has worked. He(she)has not worked. Has he(she) worked? Has he(she) not worked?
We(you / they) have worked. We (you / they) have not worked. Have we (you / they) worked? Have we (you / they) not worked?

紧缩形式

现在完成时的功用
现在完成时可以说成是兼有现在与过去意义的一种复合时态。它与现在有密切联系,如:
------Oh,dear, I’ve forgotten her name.
和现在的联系就是 I don’t remember her name now.
------Fort has gone to Canada.
和现在的联系就是 He is not here. He is in Canada now.

1) 表示延续到现在的动作 (有时是总计做了多少次等)。
How many times have you been to the United States?
She really loves that film. She has seen it eight times.
Tom has lived in Now York all his life.

2) 表示开始与过去而在说话时刻结束的行动,如:
I haven’t seen you for ages. 我好久没见到你了。(说话时刻已经见到了)
This room hasn’t been cleaned for months. (也许从说话开始时刻就要打扫它了)

3) 表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响,如:
The window has broken.

4) 和最高级连用,表示到现在为止是最……的
What a boring film! It’s the most boring film I’ve ever seen.
Is it a thick book?------Yes, it is the thickest book I’ve ever read.

5) 和句型 This is the first time…, It’s the first time 连用,如:
This is the first time he has driven a car.
(相当于 he has never driven a car before.)

Is this the first time you’ve been in hospital?
Professor Johnson has lost his passport again. It’s the second time he has lost it.

6) 和ever, never, yet, just, already 等副词连用,如:
Have you ever eaten French cheese?
We have never had a private car.
Has it stopped raining yet? (yet 表示期待雨停止)

Would you like something to eat?
No, thanks. I’ve just had lunch.

Don’t forget to mail the letter, will you?
I’ve already mailed it. (already 表示比预料的要快)

7)与since 连用,since 表示与某一时刻或从句连用,表示“从那一刻到说话时为止”,它总是与完成时连用,如:
She has been here since 6 o’clock.
He hasn’t been himself since the accident. (那次事故后,他从未完全康复)
Since I was a child I have lived in England.

一般过去时与现在完成时的比较

1) 过去时仅仅表示过去,现在完成时还表示与现在的关系,如:
He has lost his key.
He lost his key.

2) 与现在无关的或者过去很久的历史事件不能用现在完成时
The Chinese invented printing.
Shakespear wrote Hamlet.

3)如果说明动作有特定的过去时间,就不能用现在完成时,如:
Did you see the film on television last night?
Tom lost his key yesterday.
询问某事发生的具体时间或者地点时(when , what time, where), when , what time, where), 用一般过去时,如:
What time did they arrive?
When and where were you born?

比较:

Have you see Ann this moring? ( 说话时仍为上午)
Did you see Ann this morning? ( 说话时为下午)

Jack has lived in London for six years. 还在伦敦住
Jack lived in London for six years. 先不住伦敦了

I have never played golf in my life.
I didn’t play golf when I was on holiday last summer.

现在进行时

现在进行时是由助动词to be 的现在时 + 现在分词构成:
肯定式 否定式 疑问式
I am working.You are working.He (she) is working.We (you,they) are working. I am not working.You are not working.He (she) is not working.We (you,they) are not working. Am I working?Are you working?Is he (she) working?Are we (you,they) working?

现在分词的构成,是在动词原形上加-ing, 但是应该注意:
情况 变化 例词
动词以单个e 结尾 去掉e, 加 ing Love _lovingArgue _ arguing
动词以 -ee结尾 直接加 ing Agree_ agreeingSee _ seeing
动词为单音节:以单一元音字母 + 单一辅音字母结尾 辅音字母双写,再加 ing Hit _ hittingRun _runningStop _ stopping
动词为双音节或者多音节:最后一个音节为重读音节,以单一元音字母 + 单一辅音字母结尾 辅音字母双写,再加 ing Be’gin be’ginningAd’mit ad’mitting
以 y 结尾的动词 直接加 ing Carry carryingEnjoy enjoying

现在进行时的功用
1) 表示说话时正在发生或者进行的动作
Please don’t make so much noise, I’m studying.
Let’s get out. It isn’t raining any more.

2) 表示在现在相对较长一段时间内正在进行的动作,但是说话一刻不一定在做的动作
Have you heard about Tom? He is building his own house.
David is teaching English and learning Chinese in Beijing.
这些动作,在说话时并不一定在发生或进行,而是在包括说话的一刹那在内的一段时间内发生、进行的。
3)表示最近的确定的安排
Ann is coming tomorrow.
Oh, is she? What time is she arriving?
At 10:15.
Are you meeting her at the station?
I can’t. I’m working tomorrow morning.
以上句子也可以用be going to (do) 的形式来表示。但是谈论已确定的安排时候,用现在进行时态显得更加自然,除非受到动词的功能的限制。在此,切不可用will, 如:
Alex is getting married next month. 不能用 will get married.

4) 和always 连用表示某种情绪,可能是厌烦也可能是赞扬,如:
Tom is always going away for weekends.
My husband is always doing homework.

有些动词是表示一种状态而不是动作,一般不用于进行时。例如,我们一般不说 I am knowing, 而说 I know. 常见的这类动词有:
want like hate know see hear believe understand seem
think(相信) suppose remember need love realize mean forget prefer have (拥有)belong

To understand is to accept. 理解就是接受
Do you like Beijing?
Do you see the rainbow?
I remember him very well.
I think I understand what he wants.

一般现在时和现在进行时的比较

一般现在时表示的是一般、重复的动作或者事情
现在进行时表示说话时或说话前后正在发生的动作或事情,如:
Tom plays tennis every Sunday.
Where’s Tom? -------He is playing tennis.

What do you do? 你是干什么工作的?
What are you doing here? 你在这里干什么?

一般现在时是表示经久的情况,而现在进行时表示的是暂时的,如:
My parents live in Shanghai. They have been there for 50 years.
She’s living with some friends until she can find an apartment.

过去进行时
过去进行时的构成形式为:
I / he /she was
We / they / you were + 动词的现在分词

过去进行时的功用
1) 表示在过去某个时间后者某段时间正在进行的动作,如:
When I rang him up, he was having dinner.
This time last year I was living in Shanghai.
What were you doing at 10 o’clock last night?

2) 过去进行时和一般过去时连用,表示在一个动作发生的过程中,发生了另一个动作,如:
It was raining when I got up.
I fell asleep when I was watching television.

3) 过去一般时所说明的动作是已经完成的,而过去进行时不表示正在进行的动作一定会完成,如:
Tom was cooking the dinner.
Tom cooked the dinner.

现在完成进行时
其构成形式如下:
I / we / they have
He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词
功用如下:
1) 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动,如:
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?

2) 表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动,如:
It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下)
Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently.

3) 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在,可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内,重复发生的行动,如:
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.

4) 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响,而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身,如:
Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.

⑷ 请将英语一般将来时和一般过去时的概念,结构,用法,各种句型以及动词的变化规则总结一下,详细一些的。

一、概念、基本结构和用法

1、一般过去时:一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态,或过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

基本结构:主语+动词过去式+其他.

例如:

She was a teacher two years ago.

两年前她是一名教师。

Jack got up early every day when he was a worker.

当杰克还是一名工人的时候,他每天都起得很早。

2、一般将来时:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

基本结构:主语+will+动词原形+其他.

例如:

They will be free tomorrow afternoon.

他们明天下午将会有空。

She will play basketball next week.

下个星期她将要打篮球。

二、时间状语

一般过去时和一般将来时都有明确的时间状语。

1、一般过去时中的时间状语有:yesterday(昨天),last week(上个星期),in 1983(在1983年),before(以前)等。

例如:

My English teacher was born in 1983.

我的英语老师1983年出生。

She came to see me last week.

上个星期她来看望我了。

2、一般将来时中的时间状语有:tomorrow(明天),tonight(今晚),next year(明年),in two days(两天后),later(后来)等。

例如:

The class meeting will be held in two days.

两天后将举行班会。

The film will be on show tonight.

今晚这部电影将上映。

(4)英语一般过去时的结构语法扩展阅读

一、一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

1、时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

2、基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

3、否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。如:

He didn't come here yesterday.

他昨天没有来这里。

4、一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。

Did he come here yesterday?

他昨天来了吗?

二、一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

1、时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.

2、基本结构:①am/is/are/going to + do;②will/shall + do.

3、否定形式:①am/is/are + not; ②在will/shall后加not,同时还原行为动词。如:

She will not come here tomorrow.

她明天不来这里。

4、一般疑问句:①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。

Will she come here tomorrow?

她明天来这里吗?

⑸ 初三英语语法大全:如何区分过去时态和完成时态

现在完成时 和过去时

现在完成时 有两种形式

  1. 主语在过去做了某事(导致现在。。。。)

    如果说 主语在过去做了某事(单纯陈述主语过去做了某事)=用过去时

  2. eg:

    I have eaten a lot of food, not hungry now. 准确意思就是 我之前吃了很多,导致现在不饿了。 是以现在为基点来说的, 之前做的事对现在产生了影响,用现在完成时。

I ate a lot of food. 准确意思就是 我之前吃了很多(单纯的陈述之前吃了很多,不是就现在的情况来叙述的)

2.现在完成时 二

(到现在)一个动作持续了一段时间=现在完成时。

(曾经/之前)一个动作持续了一段时间=过去时。

括号里的是 过去时 和 现在完成时 区分的关键。

eg:

小张在公司走廊遇到老板, 老板问他在公司工作多久了? 小张说: 我在这里工作了三年。

这里用英语回答就是: I have worked here for 3 years. 用现在完成时

如果 小李和朋友逛街, 路过曾经工作过的公司, 小李对朋友说:

我在这里工作了三年

这里应用 过去时, 单纯的叙述之前发生过的事。

I worked here for 3 years. 也就是我之前在这里工作了三年的意思。

补充:对于一个动作持续了一段时间, 会涉及到 瞬间动词 和延续性动词的 区别运用, 可以了解一下, 例如, alive 活着的, die 是一瞬间的事, 瞬间过度的 是瞬间动词, dead 已经无生命的, 是一种状态,

能够在时间上延续的动词称为延续性动词。

不能在时间上延续的动词称为瞬间东西/ 非延续性动词。

go 是瞬间动词,要记住

eg:

he stayed in Hong Kong for two weeks. 这里不能用went to, 要用延续性动词 stay。

希望对你有帮助,供参考!

⑹ 求英语的六种形态,比如一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时等等,语态语法,还有组成结构,怎么区分

最简单的记法是:
一般过去时 S+V(pt)+O
过去进行时 S+was/were+Ving
过去完成时 S+had+V(pp)+O
一般现在时 S+V+O
现在进行时 S+am/is/are+Ving
现在完成时 I+have/has+V(pp)+O

一、一般现在时:
概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语:often,usually,always,sometimes,every week(day,year,month...),once a week,on Sundays,etc.
基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
否定形式:① am /is /are +not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词 do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

二、一般过去时:
概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month...),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,etc.
基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
否定形式:① was/were +not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:①was或were放在句首;②用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。

三、现在进行时:
概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语:now,at this time,these days,etc.
基本结构:am/is/are +doing
否定形式:am/is/are +not+doing
一般疑问句:把be动词放在句首

四、过去进行时:
概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语:at this time yesterday,at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构:was/were +doing
否定形式:was/were +not+doing
一般疑问句:把was或were放在句首

五、现在完成时:
概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语:recently,lately,since...,for...,in the past few years,etc.
基本结构:have/has +done
否定形式:have/has +not+done
一般疑问句:have/has放于句首

六、一般将来时:
概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year....),soon,in a few minutes,by...,the day after tomorrow,etc.
基本结构:①am/is/are/going to +do;②will/shall+do
否定形式:①am/is/are +not+going to +do;② will/shall+not+do
一般疑问句:①be放于句首;② will/shall提到句首

⑺ 初中英语一般过去时的语法形式有哪几种

一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。可以从以下几个方面来理解:
1)过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I bought a new shirt yesterday. He was a worker two years ago.
2)过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。e.g. When I was a child,I often played with fire.  Li Lei always walked to school last term.
3)谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时。e.g. Lu Xun was a great writer.
4)有些发生时间不是很清楚的情况,实际是过去发生的,也应用过去时态。e.g. What did you say?
另外,还可用过去时表示委婉的语气。e.g. Could you lend me your pen?
其结构是"主语+动词的过去式"。be动词的过去式为was, were;行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种,规则变化有以下几种情况:1)直接在动词原形末尾加-ed. e.g. work-----worked; ask------asked; 2)以e结尾的动词只加-d. e.g. arrive-----arrived; like-----liked.3)末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed. e.g. shop-----shopped; 4)以"辅音字母+y"结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed. e.g. carry----carried; study------studied.有些动词变过去式是不规则的,e.g. fly------flew; break-----broke; teach-----taught. 这些需要象生单词一样记住.
其句式变化分为两种情况
1)含有be动词的依然在be上做文章. e.g. I was born in 1980.  I was not born in 1980.  Were you born in 1980?
2)含有行为动词的变否定句要在行为动词前加助动词didn't.,同时把动词变成原形; 变一般疑问句,在句首加助动词did,同时把动词变成原形. e.g. I bought a gift for my mum yesterday.  I didn't buy a gift for my mum yesterday.  Did you buy a gift for your mum yesterday?
其时间状语为yesterday或由其构成的短语,e.g. yesterday morning; 由"last+时间"构成的短语, e.g. last year; 由"时间段+ago"构成的短语, e.g. three days ago; 另外,还有on the morning of Monday, just now等,以及一些表示过去时态的从句.注意,在宾语从句中主句为过去,一般从句也为过去.

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