英语关于省略的语法

『壹』 英语语法：什么时候省略主语

祈使句可以省略主语。

祈使句的结构：

1、be+形容词/名词。

例句：Be happy.要快乐。

2、实义动词原形+其他成分

例句：Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手。

3、let+宾语+动词原形+其他

例句：Letme wash the dishes.让我洗盘子。

4、Don't+动词原形

例句：Don't be late agai.不要再迟到了。

5、Let's+ not+动词原形

例句：let us notgother.我们不要去那儿。

(1)英语关于省略的语法扩展阅读

祈使句的时间概念

祈使句所表示的时间总是指将来，所以与它连用的句子原则上要用将来时态来与它呼应。如：

Give me a hand, will you? 帮我一个忙，好吗?

由于give me a hand表示隐含将来意义，所以句中的will you 不能改为do you。

Try again and you will succeed. 你再试就会成功。

由于句中的try again隐含将来意义，所以句中用了you will succeed，而不是you succeed。

Don’t do that again or you’ll be in trouble. 别再干那个了，否则你会有麻烦。

句中的don’t do that again指的是以后不要再干那事了，由于隐含有将来意义，所所以句中用了you’ll be in trouble，而没有用you are in trouble。

『贰』 高中英语语法：省略与倒装详解。（不要习题）

倒装句
1.全部倒装
全部倒装是指整个谓语放到主语的前面，即谓语在前，主语
在后。有下列几种：
(1)there be (lie, stand, live...)句型。there be是谓语，其后的名词
是主语。
There are different forms of energy.
On the top of the mountain there stands an old temple.
Once upon a time, there lived a poor fisherman.
(2)在以here, there, out, in, up, down, away，now，then等开头的
句子中。
There goes the bell.
Here comes the bus.
Out rushed the boy.
Away went the children.
The door opened and there entered a middle-aged man.
【注意】主语是人称代词时不倒装。例如：
Here it is.给你。
Away he went.他走了。
(3)直接引语在句首。
“What does it mean?” asked the boy.
(4)为了使句子保持平衡，有时需要倒装。
Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.
On the winding path were to be found footprints of some
strange animals.
2.部分倒装
即将谓语的一部分提到主语之前。相当于变为一般疑问句中的
谓语。是倒装句的重点,也是高考考查的热点之一。
部分倒装主要有以下几种情况：
(1)Only +状语在句首：
Only then did I realize that I was wrong.
Only when the war was over in1918 was he able to get happily
back to work.
【注意】如果only后没有状语，即使在句首也不倒装。例如：
Only a doctor can do it.
(2)否定副词在句首。这类副词主要有：hardly, seldom, little, not,
nor, neither, not only...but also, no sooner...than,
hardly...when，in no time等。
Little does he care about what others think.
Not a single mistake did he make.
Never shall I forget it.
Hardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started.
No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.
Not until he came back did I leave.
At no time should you leave your post.
(3)由so引起的表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人(或东西)或由
neither/nor引起的表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人(或东
西)的句型：
She is a teacher. So is her brother.
You can drive. So can I.
She can’t do the work. Neither/Nor can I.
注意：如果是重复相同的意思，不倒装。例如：
—It was cold yesterday.
—So it was.
(4)so...that 句型，如果so在句首。
So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could
hear him.
So shallow was the water that there were no fish in the lake.
(5)省略了if的虚拟条件句。
Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something.
Should anyone call, tell him to wait for me here.
Were I not engaged in my present work, I would be quite willing
to do what you ask me to.
3.只把表语、宾语、状语提到句首。这类倒装既不是全部倒装，
又不同于部分倒装，只把表语、宾语、状语提到句首，谓语动、
词并不倒装。
(1)as引导让步状语从句：
Young as he is, he is very brave.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
(2)however与no matter how引导的让步状语从句：
However great the difficulty may be, we won’t lose heart.
(3)感叹句：
What a warm welcome they received!
How fast he ran!
(4)the more...the more句型：
The farther away a thing is, the smaller it looks.

省略句
1.省略主语：
(I) Haven’t seen you for ages.
(It) Doesn’t matter.
(It) Looks like rain.
2.省略谓语或谓语的一部分：
(Is there) Anything you want?
(Is) Anything the matter?
(Does) Anybody need help?
(Are) You hungry?
3.省略宾语：
—Which of them is the better choice?
—Well, it’s hard to tell (it).
—Where is George?
—I don’t know (where he is).
4.省略主语和谓语：
What a pity (it is) you can’t go to the lecture.
(I’m) Sorry！
(I’m) Afraid I can’t come.
—Did you like the film?
—Oh, very much.
5.省略不定式：
He didn’t come, though we had invited him to (come).
6.简单句中的省略,对话中最普遍。
—Will you join us?
—I should love to.
—Are you tired?
—Not very.
—What made Tom unhappy？
—Losing the match.
—I went to an exhibition this morning.
—With whom?
Hope to hear from you soon.
Anybody against it?
7.复合句中的省略：
—Did you know anything about it?
—Not until you told me.
—Shall I make a of it?
—Yes, if time permits.
—Is he coming back tonight?
—I guess so.
—She may not be free today.
—If so, we’ll have to put the meeting off.
8.在状语从句中也有省略现象：
When (it is) completed, the power station will supply enough
electricity.
If (it is) necessary, I’ll go there myself.
She told the children not to talk while (they were) eating.
Anyone, no matter who (he is), may point out our shortcomings.
9.并列句中的省略：后面分句与前句相同的部分，可省略。
I work in a factory and my brother (works) on a farm.
My room is on the second floor and his, on the third.
He majors in English and I in French.

『叁』 英语省略语法选择题

为您解答
这里考察的是once引导的时间状语从句，当状语从句的主语专与主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从属句的主语和系动词be，这里恢复成不省略就变成
The research is so designed that once ( the research is begun) nothing can be done to change it.
这个调查被设计成这样，一旦调查被启动，做什么都无法改变了。

『肆』 求英语高手：英语语法——句子省略；英语翻译；句子分析；英语理解

1. 图中的最后一句，是祈使句+and+完整的句子，tomorrow night will find you happy 是一个完整句子，这里 tomorrow night 从语法来说是主语而非时间状语，虽然语义上是指代时间，这是动词 find 的一种特殊用法。
2. travel a day's journey，这里 a day 是连在一起的，即 a 作 day 的冠词，而非 journey 的冠词，a day's 作为 a day 的所有格用来形容 journey，a day's journey 一天的行程。
3. they had expected the revelation of a great universal truth that would enable them to create wealth,health and purpose for the world.
句子的主干：主谓宾分别是they had expected the revelation，对了。
直译：他们本来在期待一个伟大的宇宙真理的揭示，（这个真理）能使他们创造财富、得到健康和世间的目的。
4. of a great universal truth 就是 revelation 的所有格，指“一个伟大的宇宙真理的揭示”，这个 of 与 expect ... of...句型没有关系；
后面的 that 从句是定从。主句已有完整的主谓宾结构，但意思不明确，后面的从句对主句作了补充，使句子的意思更完整丰满。
5. purpose for the world，并没有强调野心，它跟前面的 wealth, health 并列，指世俗的一些目的。
6. it will find you sad，it 指代 tomorrow night.

『伍』 英语中的情景省略，语法省略，修辞省略解释举例

英语中为了避免重复，句子中的某些部分可以省略，常见的省略有下列14种情况： 1、并列复合句中某些相同成分的省略 He often regards English as easy and （he often regards）French as difficult. 他常把英语看作是容易学的，而法语是难学的 2、在用when，while，if，as if，though（although），as until，whether等连词引导的状语从句中，如果谓语有be，而主语又跟主句的主语相同或是it时，则从句的主语和be常可省略 When（water is）heated，water is turned into vapour. 水加热时变成气体 3、在than，as，no matter what（who等）分句后面常可省略某些成分 They do not use more water than（it is）necessary. 他们使用的水没有超出需要量 4、在know，think，consider，suppose，find，belive，say，decide等动词后面所接的宾语从句中，连接词that常可省略 I think（that）it will clear up this afternoon. 我想今天下午天会转晴 5、在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom，which，that常省略；在以the same...as和such...as引出的某些定语从句中，也可以省略与主句相同的成分 This is one of the best films（that）I‘ve ever seen. 这是我所看过的最好的电影 6、在以there is开头的句子中，修饰主语的同位语从句的连接词常省略，修饰主语的定语从句的关系代词作主语，有时可以省略 There is a table（that）stands in the corner. 墙角处放着一张桌子 7、用so，not或其他手段来替代上文或问句中的一部分或整个句意 --Can he do this work？他能做这件工作吗？ --I think so. 我想他行 8、在某些动词后的宾语补语和主语补语中可将to be省略 These books are thought（to be）very valuable 人们认为这些书很有价值 9、在“the+比较级...the+比较级...”结构中，有时可省略be或there be The higher the temperature（is），the greater the pressure（is）温度越高，压力越大 10、某些动词在接that从句时，不用与之搭配的介词 We agreed that is was a mistake. 我们一致认为，这是一个错误 11、用to表示前述动词不定式，其后面有关成分省略 You may go home if you like（to）你如果想回家就可回家 12、在某些虚拟语气的句子中可以省略should I suggest that he（should）study more English before going abroad. 我建议他出国前多学点英语 13、在用so+that连接的从句中，常省略so或that We are very tired，（so）that we had better hurry home. 我们很累，所以我们还是赶快回家去吧 14、省略介词in的几个固定词组 He spends his evenings（in）studying English 他把晚上的时间花在学英语上

『陆』 关于英语语法的问题:省略句的语法,举几个例子.

状语从句的省略：主句主语和从句主语一致且从句谓语动词含有动词回BE省略从句的主语答和BE.
When( I was) in Japan,I took many beautiful pictures.
I won't go unless (I am) invited.

『柒』 高考英语语法省略的用法怎样用举例

英语中为了避免重复，往往省去一个词语或更多成分，这种语法现象称为省略。省略的情况复杂、多样，综合近年来的高考题，常在以下几个方面对省略进行考查。
一、 考查状语从句中的省略
例1. When first ______to the market, theseprocts enjoyed great success. (2004高考)
A. introcing B.introced C.introce D.being introced
2._____with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does notseem big at all. (2004湖北)
A. Compare B.When comparing C. Comparing D.Whencompared
3.The research is so designed thatonce nothing can be done to change it. (2002年全国)
A. begins B. havingbegun C. beginning D.begun
Key：1.B 2.D 3.D
简析 状语从句中，如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且状语从句的谓语动词中有be动词，从句的主语连同be可一起省略，该类状语从句多为时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等，连词为when,while, though, if, unless, although, as if等，后面通常接分词、不定式、形容词、名词等。
例 Look out for cars when （you are） crossingthe street.
另外，在when /if it is necessary , possible 结构中， it is通常省略。
例 Drop in on me if (it is ) possible.
二、 考查定语从句中关系代词及关系副词的省略
例.1.That’s an unpleasant thing to say aboutyour father after _______ he’s done for you. (2004高考)
A. something B. anything C. all D.that
2. Playing tricks on others is ______we should never do.(2004湖南)
A. anything B.something C.everything D.nothing
3. What surprised me was not what he said but ___he said it. (2004湖北)
A. the way B. in the waythat C. in the way D. the way which
Key: 1.C 2.B 3.A
简析 关系代词在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后可以省略；关系副词 that在先行词reason/ way后的省略。
例 This is the reason why / for which / that/省略he was late. (that 为关系副词，可省略)
三、不定式符号to 的省略
例:1.A computer does only what thinking people _________.(1999上海)
A. have it do B. have itdone C. havedone it D.having it done
2. We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we have no choice but_____ a taxi. (1993上海)
A. to take B.taking C. take D.taken
Key: 1.A 2.A
简析:不定式在感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice, look at , listento, overhear, observe 和使役动词 have, make, let 后作宾语补足语时,不定式省略to。
例 I watched him disappear in the distance.
不定式符号to在介词but ,except, besides后的省略。介词but ,except,besides 后接不定式作宾语时，介词前有行为动词do,不定式要省去to。
例We did nothing but/except wait then.
不定式符号to作表语时的省略。当主语部分有行为动词do,作表语的不定式to可省略。
例What I want to do now is find some books to read.
四、考查不定式后动词的省略
例: 1.--- Would you like to go to the Great Theatre with metonight.
--- ______.(1999上海高考)
A. Yes, I would like to go to the Great Theater with youtonight.
B. I’d love to, but I have an exam tomorrow.
C. No, I wouldn’t D.That’s all right
2.--- Does your brother intend to studyGermany?
--- Yes, heintends ________. (1998上海高考)
A./ B.to C.so D.that
3.--- I’ll be away on a business trip. Wouldyou mind looking after my car?
--- Not atall. ________. (1995NMET)
A. I’ve no time B. I’d rathernot C. I’d likeit D. I’d behappy to
Key: 1.B 2.B 3.D
简析 动词love, mean, want, hate, like, wish,expect, hope，try, intend, plan, refuse, prefer, seem 及be glad(pleased, delighted, happy) to等后面接不定式时，为避免重复，常省略与上文相同的动词，只保留to不定式符号。
例--- How about going for a walk ?
--- I’d like to ( go for a walk ) .
句式would have done …, should have done…, ought to have done…,needn’t have done …, used to be …等省略形式为 would have ,should have , ought to have, needn’t have , used to be,要保留不定式后的be或have。
例 ---Are you a sailor ?
--- No, but I used to be (a sailor).
五、对替代词so 及not 的考查
1. --- You haven’t lost the ticket, have you?
--- ______.I know it’s not easy to get another one at the moment.(2004江苏高考)
A. I hopenot B. Yes, Ihave C. I hope so D. Yes, I’m afraidso
2. --- The boys are not doing a good job at all,are they ?
--- ________.(2003北京春)
A. I guess notso B. I don’t guess C. I don’t guessso D. I guessnot
3.--- I believe we’ve met somewhere before.
--- No, ________. (2000北京春)
A. it isn’t the same B. it can’t be true C. I don’t think so D. I’d rather not
Key: 1.A 2.D 3.C
简析 替代词so /not用于避免重复前面所说过的内容，代替肯定的名词性从句。可与动词believe, do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think 等及I’m afraid连用。肯定时上列动词都可与so 搭配，否定时hope与guess只用I hope not 和I guess not 形式，而think ,believe , suppose等词可有两种否定形式 ，即：I think not 或I don’t think so.
例 --- Is he going to studyabroad?
--- I believe so. ( so = he is going to study abroad)
六、 考查虚拟语气中if 及should 的省略
1._____ it rain tomorrow, we would have to putoff the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. ( 1994上海 )
A. Were B. Should C. Would D.Will
2.What would have happened _______ as far as the river bank ?(2001上海高考)
A. Bob hadwalkedfarther B. if Bobshould walk farther
C. had Bobwalkedfarther D. if Bobwalked farther
3.Jane’s pale face suggested that she _____ill, and her parents suggested that she ___ a medical examination.( 1994上海高考)
A. be,should have B. was,have C. should be, had D. was,has
4.____be sent to work there ? (2002上海高考)
A. Who do you suggest B.Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest whoshould D. Do yousuggest
Key: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A
简析 在书面语中,当条件从句有were, had, should 时省略if , 把它们提至句首,形成倒装句式。
在含有建议、要求、命令等相关的名词性从句用should + V ，should可以省略。
例 He suggested that she (should ) go atonce.
注suggest表示“暗示” 时用陈述语气
七、 会话中的省略
例: 1.---Guess what ! I came across an old friend at the party lastnight.
--- ______. I’m sure you had a wonderful time. (2004辽宁)
A. Soundsgood! B. Very well C. How nice ! D. All right!
2.--- Let’s go and have a good drink tonight.
--- _____ Have you got the first prize in the competition?(2004重庆)
A. What for ? B. Thanks alot . C. Yes, I’d liketo D. Why not?
3. ---Brad was Jane’sbrother!
--- _____ he reminded me so much of Jane ! (2004浙江)
A. No doubt B. Above all C. No wonder D. Of course
4. If you are planning to spend your moneyhaving fun this week, better ____ it —— you’ve got some bigbills coming. (2004广东高考)
A. forget B.forgot C. forgetting D. toforget
Key: 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.A
简析 省略在会话中广泛应用，解题时应按照问话或答语的具体内容补充完整,做好该类题型一是要注意上下文语境，二是要注意常见句式的省略。英语中常见句式的省略有：
1.It is … (that…) 强调句式中that部分省略。 2.(It is) No wonder … ( 难怪…)
3.(Is there) Anything else ?
4.(You’d) Better do
5.have some difficulty( in) doing, prevent sb (from) doing sth等词组中介词在口语中常省略
例: 1.--- Where did you see him last night?
--- It was in the hotel ____ he stayed.
A. where B.that C.which D. /
2. You can’t imagine the great difficulty I had _____ yourhouse.
A. finding B.found C. tofind D. find
key 1.A 2.A
简析 第1题可以补全强调句式that 部分： It was inthe hotel where he stayed that I saw him last night. hotel后为定语从句。
第2题是对have difficulty in doing sth词组置于定语从句的考查，介词in 的省略加大了该题的难度。
高考链接
1. --- Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?
--- ______. I love getting close to nature. (2004福建)
A. I couldn’t agreemore B. I’m afraid not
C. I believenot D. I don’t think so
2. --- Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer ?
--- _______? (2004 全国I 卷)
A. Whatfor B. What is it
C. How isit D. How come
3. It is easy to do the repair. ________ you need is a hammer andsome nails. (2004天津高考)
A.Something B. All
C.Both D. Everything
4. Unless ______ to speak, you should remain silent at theconference. (2003年上海春季高考)
A.invited B. inviting
C. beinginvited D. having invited
5. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if____whether he was going in the right direction.（2003年北京春季）
A.seeing B. having seen
C. to haveseen D. to see
6. Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him touniversity. (2002 年上海高考)
A.lacked B. lacking of
C.lacking D. lacked in
7. When ______, the museum will be open to the public next year.(2002年 上海春季高考)
A.completed B. completing
C. beingcompleted D. to be completed
8. He made another wonderful discovery, ____ of great importance toscience. ( 1998上海高考)
A. which I think is B. which Ithink it is
C. which I thinkit D. I thinkis
9. If ________ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.(1998年上海高考)
A.giving B.give
C.given D. beinggiven
10. --- Alice, why didn't you come yesterday?
---I ________, but I had an unexpected visitor. (1997NMET）
A.had B. would
C. was goingto D.did
Key: 1-5.AABAA 6-10. CAACC
综上所述，高考对省略的考查主要对状语从句中的省略、不定式的省略、否定问句的省略回答、虚拟条件句中if的省略及比较级的省略的考查。只有掌握了常见的省略现象及其考查形式，才能以不变应万变，在高考中立于不败之地。

『捌』 关于英语语法的问题: 省略句的语法，举几个例子。

状语从句的省抄略：主句主语和从句主语一致且从句谓语动词含有动词BE省略从句的主语和BE。
When( I was) in Japan, I took many beautiful pictures.
I won't go unless (I am) invited.

『玖』 高中英语省略句省略句是什么语法

省略句的基本情况分为以下三个方面：
1.为避免重复而进行的省略。
当一个句子中有两个或更多相同的词、短语出现时，其中的第一个须保留，其余的往往省略，以达到避免重复、使句子简练的目的。高考中尤其要注意的情况是：当时间状语从句、地点状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句等状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致并含有be时，往往将该状语从句中的主语和be一同省略。例如： He hurt himself while (he was) playing basketball.他在打篮球时受了伤。// He works very hard though (he is) still rather weak.他虽然身体还很虚弱，但他非常努力地工作。
2.语法上的省略。
有些成分的省略是出于语法上的原因——使表述更为简明，例如： He got up at six (o’clock).他六点钟起床。// He is twelve (years old).他十二岁。// I walked (for) ten miles.我走了十英里路。
3.习惯用法上的省略。
有些省略句的情况是出于习惯用法，尤其是在口语中。例如，在问句中be常常省略，有时连主语一起省略： Very easy?很简单吗？// Feeling unwell?感觉不舒服吗？
又如以what, how或why开头的某些问句： What (happened) next?下面要发生什么？// Why not?为什么不？// Why so?为什么这样？