① 高中英语语法-动词ING形式的符合结构
高中英语语法一个句子句首什么时候用动词ing与ed形式
表示伴随状况的时候。如:
following
his
master,
the
dog
entered
the
room.
(这条狗跟内着主人容进了屋)
主动语态
followed
by
his
dog,
the
master
entered
the
room.
(主人进了屋,后面跟着他的狗)
被动语态
② 高中英语语法详细讲解
一:非谓语:(1)形式有三种:动词不定式,动名词,分词。
动词不定式相当于名词,形容词,副词,可做主语,宾语,宾补,表语,定语,状语(即谓语以外的所有句子成分);动名词相当于名词,可做主语,宾语,表语,定语;分词相当于形容词,副词,可做宾补,表语,定语,状语;
(2)语态:若逻辑主语是动作的发出者,则用主动;若逻辑主语是动作的承受者,则用被动;若逻辑主语既不是动作的发出者也不是承受者,则:动词不定式用独立结构
动名词用复合结构
分词用独立主格结构
举例:A)动词不定式作主语:To finish my homework is my job.
宾语:I want to have a wise brain.
宾补:I want you to attend the meeting.
表语:You job is to earn money.
定语:He is to go to college.
状语:I get up early in order to recite the poem.
独立结构:To tell you the turth,I am a student.
注意:1:有些宾语的不定式有自己的补语,则应用it做形式宾语,而将真正的宾语后置,如:I think it important to study English well.
2:不定式一般不做介词的宾语,除在极少数介词后才行(如but,except),此时动词不定式可带to也可不带to,如:He seldom comes except (to)see my daughter.
B)动名词做主语:Reading is my habbit.
宾语:The old need looking after.
表语:I am reading.
定语:He was looking the hanging picture.
复合结构:Alan's illness accounts for his coming late for school.
注意:1:一些特殊句式,如It is no good(no use,fun,a wast of time)+doing
There is no.....+doing
2:动名词复合结构的一般规则是:逻辑主语是有生命的名词,作主语时,须用名词的所有格形式或形容词性物主代词;作宾语时,可用普通格或人称代词宾格。
C):分词作宾补:I mind your somking.
表语:The news is encouraging./The glass is broken.
定语:This is a reading room./The book written by him is interesting.
状语:Seen from the top of the mountain,the city is beautiful.
二:虚拟语气:
A):在条件从句中:
1):表示与事实相反 条件从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
表示现在情况 if+主语+did should/would/could/might+do
表示过去情况 if+主语+had done should/would/could/might+have done
表示将来情况 if+主语+were to do should/would/could/might+do
if+主语+should do
if+主语+did
2):在省略if的条件从句中,从句有were,should,had时,可省略if,而把它们置于主语之前,如:
If I had had time, I would have made an appointment with you.变成Had I have time,I would have an appointment with you.
3):介词without引导的短语可用来代替if引导的虚拟条件从句,如:If there were no water,fish couldn't live.
可由Without water,fish couldn't live.来代替。
4):错综时间的条件从句,主句和从句的谓语动词要依照设定的时间而定。如:If you had studied hard at that time,you would do it easily now.
B);在宾语从句中
1):在一些表示“坚持,命令,要求,建议”的词(如insist,command,order,require,request,desire,demand,advise,suggest,propose)后面接的宾语从句用should do,should可省略。
2):wish引导的宾语从句有三种情况:
1,现在:用过去式;
2,过去:用过去完成时;
3,将来:用(would/could)+do。
3):在would rather引导的宾语从句中
当从句表示现在或将来的时间时,谓语动词用一般过去式;表示过去的时间时,谓语动词要用过去完成时。
C):在主语从句中
在句型“It is strange/necessary/natural/important/right/pity/sorry+that......”中,that后面从句的谓语动词用:should do。注意:有些过去分词可以当形容词使用,在主语从句中要用虚拟语气,如It is ordered/commanded/required/advised/suggested that we/you /he/ she(should)+do .
D):在表语从句中
主句的主语常是表示说话人的命令,要求,建议,愿望等的名词(如order,command,requirement,demand,advise,suggestion,wish,desire),表语从句的谓语动词用(should)+do.如:Our suggestion is that you (should)be there on time.
E):在同位语从句中
同位语从句的先行词常是说话人愿望,建议,要求,命令等的名词。如:We put up with our suggestion that you (should) be there on time.
F):在as if从句中
1):在as if从句中,常用虚拟语气,即表示与现在事实相反,用过去式;与过去事实相反用过去完成式。
2):当不接虚拟语气时,表示可能或真实的情形。如:It looks as if it is going to rain.
3):虚拟语气中的几个特例
1,if only 意为:若是……那该多好啊;真希望……;只要,只要……就好了,如:If only I could fly.
2,It's(high)time that……that从句要用虚拟语气:谓语动词用过去式或should do 。如:It's high time that we should go.
3,一些短语,如:but for(要不是),without,otherwise(否则),in that case(如果那样的话),表示含蓄的条件,这是主句要用虚拟语气。如:Without your help,I couldn't finish it on time.
三:倒装句
A):完全倒装:谓语的全部放在主句之前。(此结构常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时)
1)用在there be结构中,此外,在此结构中可用来代替be的动词有exist,seem,happen,appear,hve,rise,stand等。如:There are many students in my classroom.
2):表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词如now,then,here,there,up,down,in,away,out等置于句首时,为使生动地描述情景而采用倒装语序,谓语动词常用动语come,go,be,lie,run,rush等。如:Now comes your turn.
注意:当代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。如:Here it is.
3):当句首为表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。如:From the valley came a frightening sound.
4):为平衡句子结构,或使上下文衔接紧密,表语置于句首时,倒装结构为:表语+连系动词+主语
1,“形容词+连系动词+主语”如:Present at the meeting were my sister.
2,“过去分词+连系动词+主语”如:Gone are the days when we were poor.
3,“介词短语+be+主语”如:Among the goods are flowers and toys.
B):部分倒装:只把系动词、助动词、情态动词放在主句之前。
1):在疑问句中,如:Can you speak English?
2):用于“never,hardly,seldom,scarely,rarely,barely,little,often,at no time(决不),by no means(绝不),under no circumstances(在任何一种情况下都不),in no case(绝不),in no way(决不)”等含有豆丁意义的副词或连词在句首的句型中。如:Little did he care about his own safety.
3):用于“no sooner....than....,hardly.....when.....,和not until....,not only....but alsol....,neither....nor”的句型中,主句部分用部分倒装。如:Not until the children fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
4):"only+状语"置于句首是要进行部分倒装,状语包括副词,介词短语和状语从句。如:Only then did he realise the importance of English.
5):用于“so/such....that"句型,so/such置于句首时,要部分倒装。如:So fast did he run that I couldn't catch up with him.
6):用于“形容词(或名词,动词)+as (though)"引导的让步状语从句中。如:
Try as you would, you might fail again.
Beautiful as she is,she isn't clever.
Child as he is ,he knows a lot.
7):用于省略if 的条件状语从句中,把助动词were,had,should提到主语前面。
③ 高中英语语法总结
分词(participle)
现在分词一般式 否定式 完成式 被动式
Doing Not doing Having done Being done
Not having done Having been done
Not being done
现在分词,过去分词
现在分词表示被动,表进行;及物动词的过去分词表被动,完成。
Boiling water 正在沸腾的水 boiled water 已经开过的水
The rising sun 正在升起的太阳 the risen sun 升起了的太阳
A developing country 发展中国家 a developed country 发达国家
*现在分词和过去分词都可以在句中作表语,定语,状语和宾语补足语。
作表语
。现在分词作表语一般表示主语的特征和句中主语是主谓关系,主语一般是物,有时也可以是人。
。过去分词做表语一般表示主语所处的状态和句中主语是逻辑的动宾关系,主语一般是人,也可以是物。
(1) the film is moving we are moved
disappoint /surprise /move /frighten /inspire /interest
The boy is disappointing and his father is disappointed.
He tried be calm, but his voice sounded a bit surprised.
be covered /lined with
The door remained locked They remained listening.
2.做定语:
有些词的过去分词有两种 learned /learned burned /burnt lighted/light
一般规则变化的做定语,不规则变化的不做定语
*单独的一个分词做定语通常放在被修饰词的前边,分词短语做定语放在被修饰词的后边,相当于一个定语从句。
1( 使动词的用法
*a girl named Mary came to see me .
*a girl calling herself Mary came to see me .
a moved girl = a girl who was moved a moving film =a film which is moving
a surprised look /expression on his face
2) I read the book written (which was written) by lu xun
Tell the children playing the guitar not to make so much noise.
The building being built is our teaching building.
He lives in a room facing the south.
注:有些词只能用定语从句表达而不能用过去分词的形式。
The boy who came to see me is my brother.
There were accidents that always happened.
3) 现在分词短语和过去分词短语都可以做非限制性定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句 . The book, written in 1980, tells of struggle.
2.作状语: 时间状语,原因状语,条件状语,伴随状语。
He went into the lab, following other students.
The teacher went into the lab, followed by a group of students.
Being a young people, he is always ready to help others.= as he is a young people ,…..
Given more time, he would do it even better. =if we were more time ,………..
Being ill, he didn’t go to school. = as he is ill ,he didn’t ……..
Not knowing what to do, went to ask marl.
Not having received her lessons well, she failed in the exam.
Having finished her work, she went home.
Getting up early, you’ll catch the bus. =if you get earlier ,……..
considering 就…而言 考虑到,各方面考虑起来
She seems very bright, considering.
Considering the distance, he arrived quickly.
The hall is still in good condition, considering that it was built almost 1000 years ago.
注:1) Generally speaking, he is a good person.
Judging from his skin, he is an African.
He left home, determined not to set his foot in his home.
但是 to tell the truth ,……. To be honest ………
regarding = about 关于…的问题
He spoke to me regarding his failure .
I must speak to you regarding this matter.
2) 分词做状语,分词的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。
While visiting a city, a guidebook is very useful.
While reading the letter, tears come to her eyes. (错误)
当分词做状语,分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时, 分词可以在自己的前 面加上自己的逻辑主语,这样后构成的短语叫独立主格结构,一般用逗号与主句分开。
It being Sunday .I don’t have to go to work.
He being a party member, his deeds are expected by all.
Our work having been finished, we went home.
They’re being no buses, we went home.
Weather permitting; we’ll start on Saturday.
Mr. smith is shy and doesn’t speak until spoken to.
4. 做宾语补足语。
see , watch , hear , notice , feel , find , get , have , leave , keep +n./+分词
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time.
When he woke up , he found himself lying on the ground .
Don’t have the medicine working all the time.
I won’t have you talking to your mother like this .否定表示不允许,不容忍。
* get sb. /sth . doing 使。。重新开始
get the clock going get the car going 跑/ start 启动
It’s not hard to get the children speaking, but it’s hard to stop them.
I often hear the song sung in English.
he spoke loudly in order to make himself heard clearly .
I saw the boy beaten by tom.
The teacher found jack seated / sitting in the room.
The boy was last seen playing in the river.
注: dress ---- be dressed seat ------be seated fix ---one’s eye be fixed on
We found her dressed in red today.
The thief was caught stealing
Dressed in red, she went out.
We found him hidden behind the door.
We sat there silent, her eyes fixed on that army camp.
I didn’t hear a single word in his talk referring to your absence from the meeting.
Do you know the man referred to at the meeting?
He walked along the river, his hands folded across his shoulder.
Feel one’s heart beating fast. /his face exposed.
Compared with tom, he is an honest man.
Comparing what he had with tom, he is satisfied.
The Gerund 动名词
—。 构成。
语态/形式 一般式 完成式 复合结构
主动 Doing Having done One’s doing
被动 Being done Having been done
否定形式一律在其前加not
II .用途: 定语,宾语,主语,表语
做主语:动名词做主语,谓语动词用单数。
Smoking does harm to your health.
Tom’s coming made us happy.
Her not coming back made her father angry.
His being punished by the teacher is known to us.
Looking after children is her job.
Seeing is believing (前后对应)眼见为实。
Teaching is learning 教学相长。
My falling ill worried him greatly.
注意下列结构: It is no use / good / useful doing
It is no good quarrelling with them.
It is no use regretting what you have done.
2. 定语
动名词做定语表示用途。(即 ving 做定语有两个意思 1)表动作在进行 2)表用途)
a walking stick / a changing room 更衣室/ a hiding place / an operating table
a collecting tin / a weight machine / building material / drinking water / swimming pool
a washing machine / a sleeping car / a smoking room / sowing machine 播种机
booking office 售票处 / training class 训练班 /translating machine 翻译机
3.作表语,可以与主语互相转换。
His worst habit is eating too fast.
Our job is playing all kinds of instruments.
Their job is making model planes.
The real problem is getting all the materials ready before the end of the month.
The problem is his son’s having taken the other’s money.
4. 做宾语。
动名词既可以做动词宾语,也可以作介词宾语。
He has finished reading the book.
We could hear the noise of the desk’s being opened. and closed.
He came to attend the concert without being invited.
He suggested the text’s being translated into Chinese.
You should practise listening to English.
She looked forward to receiving her mother’s letter.
注意:1)有些动词或动词短语后面, 必须用动名词做宾语,而不用不定式。
enjoy , finish , mind , risk , avoid , forbid , excuse , practise , imagine , suggest , delay , miss , escape , can’t help , consider ,
be worth doing / be busy doing / give up doing / put off doing / insist on doing
keep / prevent /stop from doing feel like doing / prefer doing to doing
be afraid of / be tired of / be fond of / be proud of /succeed in
. the wounded solider escaped being killed in the fighting .
do you mind my smoking here ?
Don’t be afraid of asking for help.
The boy insisted on being severed with cake.
2)要特别注意以下几个词组
pay attention to / look forward to / devote oneself to / make contribution to
stick to / be /get used to / object to / refer to / get down to / see to ( 处理)
He objected to being treated as a child.
The scientist devoted himself to inventing this new machine.
有些动词跟to do 和doing 均可,但意思不同。
forget to do 忘记做/去做一件事 (没有做)
forget doing 忘记过去做过某事 。
I forget to close the window when I left my office.
Don’t forget to post the letter for me.
I forget meeting you in the street the other day.
remember to do 记住去做某事
remember doing 记得做过某事
please remember to close the window when you leave .
I remember having given the book to you.
regret to do 对现在要发生的事情表示遗憾,抱歉。
Regret doing 对已经发生的事情表示后悔。
I regret to say / to tell you that I can’t go with you.
He regretted having told you about it.
mean to do 打算,想要做,有做某事的意图。
Mean doing 意味着
I mean to go with you.
He didn’t mean to hurt you.
It means finishing in time.
Giving him such books to read means waste his time .
e. try to do 试图于,设法干,尽力于
try doing 试着干
The boy tried to open the door.
He tried driving a bus.
stop to do /doing
go on to do / doing
be sure to do 肯定会 ,讲会者肯定
be sure of doing 主语自己会
He is sure to come
I am sure of his coming.
H. like /hate to do
Like hate doing
Nobody likes being laughed at.
4. 注意: need, want require +doing = need, want, require to be done
The room wants cleaning / to be cleaned
The child needs looking after / to be looked after
5. 有些 介词加doing 表示时间
on /upon doing = as soon as
in doing = when /while
On hearing the news, he jumped with joy.
In working in shanghai, he made a lot of friends.
=While working in shanghai, he made a lot of friends.
④ 高中英语语法总结:哪些动词后接不定式与动名词意义不同
1. remember(记得),forget(忘记),regret(后悔)后接不定式表示动作尚未发生,后接动名词(可用一般式或完成式)表示动作已经发生。比较: Remember to mail it. 记得把它寄掉。 Don’t forget to give my love to Helen. 别忘了向海伦问好。 I remember seeing her somewhere. 我记得在哪里见过她。 I forgot telling her the news. 我忘了曾告诉过她这个消息。 2. go on 后接不定式表示接着做另一事,接动名词表示不停地做某事。如: He went on to show us how to do it. 他接着又教我们如何做。 You can’t go on working all night without a rest. 你不能通宵工作而不休息。 注:go on doing sth中的doing也可视为现在分词而非动名词。 3. mean 后接不定式表示打算做某事,后接动名词表示意味着做某事。如: He did not mean to hurt you. 他不是有意要伤害你。 This illness will mean going to hospital. 得了这种病就意味着要住院。 4. try 后接不定式表示设法去做某事,接动名词表示做某事试试(看有何效果)。如: Try to be serious for a moment. 设法正经一会儿。 Try phoning his home number. 给他家里打个电话试试。 5. can’t help后接动名词表示情不自禁地去做某事,接不定式表示不能帮忙去做某事。如: We can’t help thinking he’s still alive. 我们总是认为他还活着。 The medicine can’t help to get rid of your cold. 这药不能帮你消除感冒。 6. stop 后接动名词表示停止正在做的事情,接不定式表示停下正在做的事去做另外一件事。如: He is trying to stop smoking. 他在设法戒烟。
⑤ 高中英语语法-动词ING形式的符合结构
1. 严格的说,应该叫动名词的复合结构。
2. 该结构如下:one's/sb/sth doing sth,即:形容词性物主代词/名词所有格/人称代词宾格 + 动名词(短语)。
它在句子充当名词性成分,即主语/宾语/表语,且其逻辑主语必须和句子主语不一致,否则就只需要直接用动名词(短语)了。
如:Do you mind waiting here? 你介意在这儿等会儿吗?
wait的逻辑主语即句子主语you,所以直接用动名词短语。
再如:Do you mind my/me smoking here? 你介意我在这儿抽烟吗?
smoke的逻辑主语是I,与句子主语you不同,所以必须使用动名词(短语)的复合结构。
3. 其具体用法如下:
1)做句子主语时,只能是:形容词性物主代词/名词所有格 + 动名词(短语)。
如:My being late made him angry. 我的迟到使得他很生气。
Mary's marrying such an old man made us all surprised. 玛丽嫁给那么老的男人让我们都很惊讶。
2)做句子宾语/表语时,只能是:形容词性物主代词/名词所有格/人称代词宾格 + 动名词(短语)。
如:Would you mind my/me opeing the window? It's too hot inside.
你会介意我打开窗户吗?里面太热了。
The reason for the teacher's being angry was Tom's entering the classroom without permission.
老师生气的原因是汤姆未经许可就进入了教室。
⑥ 高中英语语法体系
英语五种基本句型:
基本句型一: S+V (主+谓)
基本句型二回: S+V+P (主+谓+表)
基本句型三答: S+V+O (主+谓+宾)
基本句型四: S+V+o+O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
基本句型五: S+V+O+C (主+谓+宾+宾补)
可以看出变化都是从动词开始的。所以要掌握好动词的性质、特点。可以围绕动词来学。
英语是通过动词的时态来表示发生的先后,是现在,过去,还是将来。
动词的语态,主动和被动。
动词的数,单数还是复数。
动词的性质,是及物还是不及物。
以后复杂的句子都是从几个句型扩展而来的。包括各种复合句。其它的再补充进去。
当然依据不同,建立的体系也不同。自己也总结了才是自己的。
⑦ 急求高中英语语法大全,及全部课文和单词
情态动词的语法特征
1) 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2) 情态动词除ought 和have 外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
3) 情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4) 情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,分词,等形式。
连词的常见用法
连词的常见用法
主要内容有 并列连词与并列结构,比较and和or 表示选择的并列结构 表示选择的并列结构 表示选择的并列结构
表原因关系 比较so和 such及练习
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
定于从句是高中重点知识,也是高考常考点,大家也不容易掌握,这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句
关系副词引导的定语从句 判断关系代词与关系副词 限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容,有例题讲解
定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常
出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, why等。
名词性从句讲解
名词性从句容易和同位语从句弄混淆,看看这篇文章如何讲解名词性从句的吧
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
高中英语虚拟语气知识点
1)虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气在条件句中应用比较多。
2)条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解
本文主要讲解主谓一致,并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 主谓一致中的靠近原则 谓语动词与前面的主语一致
等常见考点。
主谓一致是指:
1) 语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2) 意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3) 就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,
高中英语倒装句讲解
高中英语倒装句讲解
倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装,看看一下内容,你就可以学习这些内容了。还有练习哦
14.1 倒装句之全部倒装
祈使句结构
祈使句结构
祈使句用以表达命令,要求,请求,劝告等。
1)祈使句有两种类型,一种是以动词原形开头,在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。例如:
Take this seat. 坐这儿。
Do be careful. 务必小心。
否定结构:例如:
Don\'t move. 不准动。
Don\'t be late. 不要迟到。
高中英语语法句子的种类讲解
高中英语语法句子的种类讲解
高中英语句子种类 按使用目的,句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句,句子按其结构可以分为简单句
并列句和复合句,本为将为你讲解这些知识,希望大家支持本站,你有什么好的文章请发布到本站
(一)按使用目的,句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
高中英语语法动词的语态讲解
高中英语语法动词的语态讲解
动词的语态时态是高考考察重点之一,也是难点之一,通过本文本站将教会你如何使用动词的语态时态等
来看看吧
动词的时态
动词的时态
11.1 一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语: every…, sometimes,at…, on Sunday。例如:
动词不定式的用法讲解
动词不定式的用法讲解
通过这篇文章你可以学习动词不定式由to+动词原形构成 不定式作补语 不定式作主语 不定式作表语等内容。
动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。这里的to是不定式标志,没有词义。不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能,又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。
英语中动名词的使用方法讲解
英语中动名词的使用方法讲解
本文内容主要有 动名词作主语、宾语和表语 worth 的用法等课后还有一些练习哦
动名词是非限定动词的一种形式,由动词原形+ing构成。它既有动词的特征,又有名词的特征,故称。动名词也有时态和语态的变化,如表所示(以及物动词write为例),不及物动词没有语态的变化。
时态/语态 主动 被动
高中英语冠词和数词的用法及练习
本文主要讲解 不定冠词的用法 定冠词的用法 零冠词的用法 冠词与形容词+名词结构 冠词位置 数词 序数词及部分冠词练习
希望通过这些知识大家能够掌握这些知识
高中英语形容词和副词复习讲解练习
这篇文章主要教大家如何使用形容词,内容包括形容词修饰名词 以-ly结尾的形容词 形容词表示类别和多个形容词修饰名词的顺序整体
副词及其基本用法 副词的排列顺序等内容、带有相关练习
高中英语冠词和数词的用法及练习
本文主要讲解 不定冠词的用法 定冠词的用法 零冠词的用法 冠词与形容词+名词结构 冠词位置 数词 序数词及部分冠词练习
希望通过这些知识大家能够掌握这些知识
高中英语名词的用法及练习70道题
名词
名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词,专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类:
高考英语语法专项练习 定语从句精练300题
1. We should learn from those ______ are always ready to help others.
A. who B. whom C. they D. that
2. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ______ in China.
高考必考英语内容:情态动词考点透视
考点点击:情态动词主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等,它是英语动词中最难把握的一类,也是每年高考必考内容。
命题热点:为情态动词的基本用法辨析,情态动词表示态度的用法辨析,情态动词表示推测的用法辨析,情态动词在虚拟语气中的运用。
考查形式:主要体现在听力理解、单项填空和完形填空中。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析,以便同学们复习掌握。
语法复习一:句子成分;简单句、并列句和复合句
句子成分
(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如:
⑧ 高中英语语法全解
高中英语语法的核心是动词,因为时态、语态、情态、非谓语、虚拟语气、倒装句、从句都离不开动词,所以必须先弄清动词的类型:及物动词和不及物动词(可以跟名词的或叫宾语)。句子的基本结构:主(名词,动名词,动词不定式,主语从句)+谓(及物动词)+宾(名词,动名词,名词性从句);主+系(be,become)+表(名词,形容词,从句,介词短语)。至于从句,都是相对于主句说的,从句的名称是根据它在句子中的位置来定的,而且从句的句式全是肯定句,不能用疑问句式。比如主语从句肯定是放在主语的位置,即谓语动词的前边,只不过它是以句子的形式而不是名词的形式出现的。而所有的从句都是由一个连接词引出的,除非表示陈述的宾语从句,可以省略that。比如:Who I am is not what you care about.(我是谁并不是你在乎的事。) “who I am ”就是主语从句,因为放在主语的位置,系动词(is)的前面,而what you care about 就是表语从句,因为它放在了系动词之后,根据“主系表”句式结构就能判断出前后两个从句分别是主语从句和表语从句。再看,如果我们把句子中的两个连接词“who”和“what”去掉,我们还能明白句意吗?显然不明确,这就是为什么在英语的主从复合句中,连接词不能随便去掉的原因。定语或定语从句是用来修饰名词的,而名词的位置在句中是灵活的,可以在句首(主语),也可以在句中(表语,宾语)或句尾, 因此定语或定语从句就放在所修饰的词的前后。时态是用来说明动作发生的时间和状态的,所以看到谓语动词就要想到时态变化。三大时间范围:现在,过去,将来。在每个时间范围中又有四大态:一般时,进行时,完成时和完成进行时。因此就有了一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时;现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时;现在完成时,过去完成时,将来完成时;现在完成进行时,过去完成进行时,将来完成进行时。这样,在做时态题的时候,首先要判断动作是在什么时间范围内发生的,然后在确定这个动作的状态是什么。比如今年北京卷一道时态题Tom —— in the library every night over the last three months. A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working。大的时间范围是over the last three months,也就是到说话时间为止的三个月内,这就决定,大时间应该是现在,这样就该把选择的目光放在AC两个表示现在时间范围的选项上;work这个动作是在这三个月内每个晚上都在进行,强调了动作的连续性,因此正确答案就是C(has been working),表示当下的三个月内的一个连续进行的动作。高中部分的语法比初中部分的语法复杂很多,不可能通过一次讲解就能完全清楚,所以建议这个同学还是要耐心细致认真地一部分一部分地梳理清楚。
⑨ 高中英语语法句式讲解
英语中的句子的基本句型有五大:
1.主系表 2. 主谓(Vi) 3.主谓(Vt)宾 4 主谓宾+宾补 5. 主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语
(解释一下,主语就是动作的执行者,谓语就是要执行的动作,宾语是动作的承受者,宾补是补充说明宾语的状态,系表是解释主语是什么)
可以这么说,学好五大句型是学好英语的基础!学好五大句型,就可以自己分析英语中的复合句了。
那么想搞清楚句子结构,首先要对动词有所了解,动词在句子中是充当谓语的,也只有动词才能充当谓语。动词分为以下几类:
1.系动词:1)be动词:am, is, are, was, were 2)感官动词:look,hear, sound....(他们翻译为看起来,听起来,....)当然他们也可以作为实义动词。 3)表变化类的:become, turn, go
4) 表持续类的:stay, ramain,...
这时你要记住系表结构,系动词之后就是表语!
2.实义动词(或称为行为动词):他又分为及物动词(Vt)和不及物动词(Vi)
及物动词后可直接跟上宾语,不及物动词不可直接跟上宾语,要加上相应的介词
这时你要记住动宾结构和介宾结构,及物动词和介词后就是宾语!
3.情态动词:can, must, .... 后面这接接动词原形,这里就不详解了
4.助动词:do,did,... 不详解了
下面举例:
最简单的:I love you. 主谓宾结构。(我是动作的发出者或叫执行者,发出爱之个动作,你被我爱,是动作的承受着)
He is a student. 主系表结构。 (他是一个学生,解释说明主语的)
总而言之,分析英语的句子,首先要找动词,同时,你要记得几个结构:主谓结构,动宾结构,介宾结构,系表结构。
并列句:用并列连词(and, but, or. so. for)等连接而成的大句子,其中的前后分句之间存在并列、转折、递进、因果等意义关系。
复合句:就是用一个子句(即从句)来充当一个简单的某个成分而构成的大句子叫复合句,其中,从句都有连词(或关系词)引导,从句可能在复合句中充当主句的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语等。