Ⅰ 高一英语语法掌握难度很大吗
好的复习资料可以选《星火英语语法全解》,本人觉得非常细,很适合那些觉内得容英语语法无从下手复习的人。 高一嘛,基本上所有语法点要有所熟悉,主要从两大面下手,其一是词法,即名词,动词,冠词,代词,形容词和副词,介词,其二是句法,即五大从句(定从,主从,表从,宾从,状从),主谓一致,there be句型,it用法,直接与间接引语等
Ⅱ 我现在高一了,我初中的英语不好,我每天都是背初中时候的知识点和高中语法。
还在为初中英语学习感到烦躁吗?如何可以贯通老师上节课所说的知识?现在小编将分享三个秘诀,让您的英语学习更轻松!
单词非常重要.
单词在初中英语学习中有很大的作用,但是很多的人对于背单词很头疼,为此,小编为整理了几个步骤来帮助你.
在背单词之前,先需要了解它的发音,在初中英语学习的时候,可能不会意识到发音和单词之间的规则,当你在初中英语学习时,就会意识到发音标准的重要性,不要标记中国的音译,这将阻止熟悉音标,这是不利于背单词,并不利于未来的学习英语.
单词需要重复记忆,即使你完全背熟,可能还会忘记,这将使得许多学生认为背单词的含义不是太重要,一般来说需要三次以上的记忆才可以,所以学生必须学会定期背诵.
结合句子和文章背单词,不仅可以提高学生回忆单词的能力,但也明白句子中使用的话,对于初中英语学习是非常重要的.
语法
在有一定的词汇之后,需要掌握语法,它是使用英语的规则,必须满足以下两点:
1.勤奋和理解:学习语法自己理解是不够的,需要有一个老师指导,因此,在课堂上,必须了解语法的每个知识点并学会记笔记,课堂笔记可以记录每个单词或短语的使用,也可以巩固课堂老师教授的语法知识.
2.熟练和灵活使用:许多人认为只需要理解语法,这是错误的,还要求学生用心来背诵它,当你看到一个句子时,要对句子的结构进行排序,需要语法记忆,灵活运用语法是必须要做到的. 写作需要多多的练习
很多的同学在写作的时候都是很烦恼的,我们怎样才能改善这种状况呢?快来看看以下三点建议:
1.关键是练习,写作不应该害怕浪费时间,许多学生认为在大脑中列出一个模式是一个很大的错误,写作必须勤于写,更多的练习可以找到问题、来发现问题,最后,改善问题.
2.通用模板不能少;如果模板可以为您加分的,它是有选择性的,当你的通用模板和其他人有太多的重复率,可能会减少点你的写作分数,所以每个人都应该学会整理自己的独特的模板,然后通过编写每个主题进行灵活使用.
3.可以放弃过于复杂和长的句子,有些学生对写作要求较高,一般来说,他们会学会使用长而复杂的句子,并且需要使用正确的语句,但如果不是特别清楚的语法的使用,建议不要这样写.
以上就是初中英语学习的技巧,希望这些内容可以帮助到你.
Ⅲ 高一英语 重点语法和词汇 总结
argue about争论......
be fond of 喜欢......
all the time 一直,始终
make fire 生火
develop a friendship建立友谊
care about 关心,担心
in order to 为了......
hunt for 搜寻;追寻;寻找
such as 例如
make friends交朋友
be regard as被当作.......
click …away 点击......发送
make a difference有所不同
drop sb. a line给某人写信
keep in mind记住
at the end of 在......的末尾
wake up醒来
wander off 漫步
most of the time 大部分时间
either…or… 或......或......
each other 互相
spend…(in)doing sth 花费时间做某事
be determined to do 决定做......
think about 看法
for example 举例子
work out 得出;解决
argue for 为......辩护
argue with 与......争论/争辩
argue against 争辩......
set up (具体)设置;安装/(抽象)建立
do some research 做研究
choose to do sth. 宁愿、偏要、决定做某事
catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意
care for 照顾
be intended for/to do 为......而准备、预定
reach a doctor 找到医生
must have done 一定是;想必是
get a training 得到训练
as well as ……也
second to 次于
get sb. into使某人进入/陷入
story after story 一个故事接着一个
day after day 一天又一天
deliver a baby 给……接生
make sure 确保
by the time 这时候
carry on 继续
be concerned about 对......关心
put…to death 处死
devote…to…把......专注于......
rather than 不是......而是......
mean doing 意味着
mean to do 打算做......
settle down 安顿下来
apply to 应用到......
be prepared to 已经做好准备去做......
prepare to do 准备要做......
Unit2
for the first time 第一次;首次(作状语)
all the way 一路;全程;一直
at all (与否定词连用)根本,丝毫
make oneself at home 别客气
native language 本族语
all around the world 世界各地
the majority of 大多数的
in total 总额;总数
mother tongue 母语
except for 除了有......之外
develop into 长成;发展成
have a good knowledge of...通晓,熟知......
on (over) the phone 在电话里;在打(接)电话
communicate with sb.by sth.通过某物与(某人)联络
know about 了解;知道
come about 发生;产生
the answer to the question 问题的答案
borrow...from.... 从......借(入)......
stay up 不睡;熬夜
end up with... 以......告终
more or less 或多或少
have sorne difficulty in doing sth. 干某事有困难
bring in 引来;引起;吸收
make sure 深信;弄清楚;设法做到
a great many 许多;大量
if so 如果有......
if not 如果没有......
know about 了解
call him a farmer 称呼他为农民
in many ways 在许多方面
struggle for 为......斗争
the past five decades 过去的五十年
be born in poverty 出生贫困
graate from 毕业于......
since then 从那以后
thanks to 由于
rid…of…使......摆脱......
be satisfied with 对......满足
lead a … life 过着......生活
care about 在意......
used to 过去常常
be used to 被用来做;习惯于
get used to 习惯于
prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事
wish for 欲得到、愿得到
no matter 无论
in need of 需要
refer to 谈及;提到
be rich in 富含
insist on doing 坚持做......
ready to do sth 准备好要做没某事
be against 反对
pay attention to 注意;留心
that is to say 换句说
be certain/sure to do 确信会做某事
persuade sb to do sth 说服某人干某事-结果成功
advise sb to do sth 劝说某人干某事-结果失败
Unit3
instead of 而不是;代替
get close (to)... 接近......
get away from 逃离
go for a hike 去远足,郊游
watch out (for) 注意;当心
protect...from ...保护.......使不受.......
in a few days’ time 几天之后;离......还有好几天
as with 至于;就......方面来说
go off 走开;离去
see...off 为某人送行
on the other hand 另一方面
as well as 也;还;而且
used to do 过去常常做......
at least 最少;至少
find out 查明;弄清楚
arrive at/in...到达......
pick up 拿起;拾起;(偶然)得到;听到;(非正规地)学到(会);(开车)接人
think about 考虑
make notes 做笔记
in space 在宇宙中
have a picnic 野餐
bump into 撞上(=knock into);碰见
be content with 对......满足
worse off 境况差
astonish sb. with sth. 用某事物使某人震惊
be famous for 由于......而著名
in poverty 贫困
be well known 闻名
be set in 以......为背景
in search of 寻找
pick up 捡起
be caught in 被困在......
pick out (用个人喜好或希望进行)挑选
cut off切下
star in 表演
turn into 变为
ask for 要求......
no more than不超过
come across 走过来;偶然碰到
break down 把......分解/弄碎;损坏
fall over 摔翻
fall down 倒塌
do well in ……(方面)做得好
make a cup of tea 泡茶
bring out 取出;阐明
bring in 引入
a sense of ……观念
Unit4
take place 发生
look into 调查
be caught in 遇(雨);陷入(圈套)
be on hire 失火
work as从事
sweep away 扫除
hold onto紧紧抓住;保持住;不放弃
be upon 逼近;临近
pull...up 把......往上拽
get on one’feet 站立起来
fight for one’s life 为生存而斗争
move up 上涨
fall down 跌倒;失败
tree after tree 一棵树接一棵树
cut down 减少;减价
up and down 上上下下;来来回回
work out 计算;想出;制定
refer to 查阅;提出;指的是
hand in 上交
spend time (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事
go through 浏览;翻阅;通过
on holiday 在度假
take photos of 照相
be afraid of 害怕(担心会出现某种情况)
with a look of fright 面带恐惧的表情
be interested in 对......感兴趣
look around四周张望
send sb. to do 派遣某人......
even if 尽管
meet with(=come into)偶然碰到
may have done 某事可能已经做了(或发生)
reach out…for… 伸出.......去.......
not all 不是所有
spoken language 口语
close to 靠近
be likely to 有可能.......
introce sth. to sb. 向某人介绍.......
not…nor…既不......也不......
shake hands with(=shake one’s hand)与某人握手
all kinds of 多种多样的......
be similar to 与......相似
at ease 安逸
up and down 上下
protect sb from V-ing/sth 从......保护某人
with your hands a little open 手微微张开
be willing to愿意去做......
look sb. in the eye 正视/直视某人
take action 采取行动
watch out 小心
Unit5
silver screen 银幕
primary school 小学
make comments (on) 发表评论(意见)
give one’s opinion 发表意见,看法
play roles in......在......中扮演角色
in the beginning 起初
get married 结婚
make money 赚钱;发财致富
take off 脱掉(衣服);飞机(起飞):成功;
go wrong 走错路;不对头;出毛病
do research 研究
be bad for 对......有害
in all 总共;总之
stay away (for...) 不在家
lock sb.up 将某人锁于某处,将某人监禁起来
take one’s place 代替,就座
a 13-year-old girl 一个十三岁的女孩
run after 追赶;追捕
run away 不辞而别;失去控制
owe sth.to sb. 把......归功于某人
can't afford to do 没有能力做......
on the air 正在播出的
can't help doing 情不自禁做某事
get off... 下车(飞机,马)
call for (sb.) 提倡;号召;需要
think highly of 对......高度评价
provide sb. with…提供.......
a bit 一会儿;一点儿
such as如.......
a variety of 各种各样的......
charge…for…向......收费
be based on 以......为基础
not just 不仅仅
along with 连同......;伴随......
come to life 活跃起来
have sth done 使得......;让......被做
be named after 以.......命名
be different from 与......不同
get close to 靠近
learn about(=learn of)学习;得知;听到
take an active part in 积极参与
face to face 面对面
try out 试验
large amounts of/a large amount of 大量(不可数)
point out 指出
at least 至少
Unit6
make use of 利用
introce sb. To sb 把某人介绍给某人.
apologize to sb. For 因......向某人道歉
write down 写下,记下
pay a visit to some place 参观某地
keep silent 保持沉默
for a moment 一段特定的时间,片刻
leave out 省去,遗漏;不考虑
ask for sth. 要求得到某物
be busy with sth. 忙于某事
at table 在吃饭
drink to one’s health 为某人的健康干杯
do well in 在......方面干的不错
invite sb. To do sth. 邀请某人去干某事
a thank-you letter 一封感谢信
thank sb. For 因......而感谢某人
laugh at 嘲笑
stare at 盯着看
make jokes about sb. 开某人玩笑
keep sth. In mind 记住......
Ⅳ 高一英语语法总结包括重点句子!
英语时态有16种,但是常用的只有9种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。 1、一般现在时的用法 1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。 3)表示格言或警句中。 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 2 一般过去时的用法 表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。 3)句型: It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了" It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事' 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。 1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 2)情态动词 could, would. 3. 一般将来时 表示将来的动作或状态。 1)shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。 will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在争求意见时常用于第二人称。 2)be going to +不定式,表示将来。 a. 主语的意图,即将做某 b. 计划,安排要发生的事。 c. 有迹象要发生的事 3) be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 4) be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事。 注意:be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 4.现在完成时 现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状 态,其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或 状态。其构成: have (has) +过去分词。 5.过去完成时 概念:表示过去某一段时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态。 ----|-------|-----|---->其构成是had +过去分词构成。 那时以前 那时 现在 2)用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。 c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…" 3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 注意:had no … when 还没等……就…… had no sooner… than 刚……就…… 6.将来完成时 1) 构成will / be going to do sth. 2) 概念 a. 状态完成:表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。 b. 动作完成:表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前,已经完成的动作或获得的经验。 7.现在进行时 现在进行时的基本用法: a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 b. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。 c. 表示渐变的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 8. 过去进行时 1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。 3)常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 9. 将来进行时 1)概念:表示将来某时进行的状态或动作,或按预测将来会发生的事情。 2)常用的时间状语Soon, tomorrow, this evening,on Sunday, by this time,tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening
Ⅳ 英语高一语法和句子结构有哪些
先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语.结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句.1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句:从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,则句义显得不完整,从句与先行词紧密相连.非限定性定语从句:对先行词进行补充说明,解释,它与先行词之间有逗号隔开.1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词,这些关系词在介词后面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知识重点与难点(一)当先行词有最高级,序数词修饰,是不定代词,或是all, no, only等形式时,关系代词一般用that,而不能用which.1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)当先行词是表示时间,地点,原因的词时,关系词用when, where, why 还有which, that1. I’m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn’t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定语从句的简化表达:1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明:以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来:1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明:修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外,还可以用非谓语动词形式:doing短语,done短语,being done短语,to be done短语修饰.其结构和意思如下:1. 被修饰名词+doing短语: 正在做….的人/正在发生的事.2. 被修饰名词+ done短语: 被…..的人/事3. 被修饰名词+being done短语:正在被…..的人/事4. 被修饰名词+ to be done短语:将要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The “crazy” gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means “you have a phone call” in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be “the mother river” runs across China like a huge dragon.总结:以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词,不定式的各种形式作定语.1. 这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面.如果单独一个V-ing或V-ed形式作定语,则可以放在被修饰名词前面.2. 分词作定语时,其动作应与全句动作同时发生.V-ing表示主动意义和正在做,V-ed表示被动意义.being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定语表示将要发生的,to be done表示将要被做的【典型例题】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people’s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析:_____ plays an important role in people’s lives为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词Friendship用which连接定语从句.答案:A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析:_____ I worked three years ago作为定语从句修饰先行词Uncle Li,从句完整的表达是:I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以关系词前应加上介词with.答案:C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析:定语从句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修饰先行词the reason指“他在会上就他工作中的粗心解释的原因.先行词在从句中做宾语.答案:A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析:非限定性定语从句_____ work is rather hard修饰先行词teachers, 它与从句中的work是从属关系,关系词用whose答案:D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn’t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析:公元前776年被首次举行的奥运会,直到1912年才容纳女运动员._____in 776 BC做定语修饰The Olympic Games,指过去的内容,表示被动.用done做定语.答案:C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析:根据句意房子即将开工._____ for the teachers and the construction work修饰The houses应为The houses The houses将要为教师和施工修建的房子.答案:B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析:根据句意:比如说,我们当中参加一个对我们毫不重要的会议的人会有多少人对这个讨论感兴趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修饰How many of us做定语.与全句动作同步.答案:B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析:非限定性定语从句__ is working in Australia修饰先行词three children,根据从句中的is判断,是说:三个孩子中的一个在澳大利亚工作.答案:B【模拟试题】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don’t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【试题答案】1. C Susan 正是我认为作了好事的那位女孩.先行词the very girl在从句中做think的宾语,同时又是后面宾语从句did the good deed.的主语,所以关系词不能用whom2. C 定语从句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修饰先行词money:用这笔钱买火车票.关系词前面需要加介词:with3. C定语从句_____ he devoted much time意思是:他把大量的时间都投入在这本书上了.devote….to sth.关系词前加介词:to4. A 定语从句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修饰先行词the day :先行词the day在从句中做时间状语:在这一天我得到了扮演一个角色的机会.5. C 短语_____ tomorrow做定语修饰the question,根据表达的内容:明天即将被讨论的问题.应当用不定式的被动结构做定语.6. D 短语_____ at the moment做the food的定语,表示:正在做的食物.Being done 做定语表示:正在被……的…….7. C 现在分词短语reading under the big tree做定语修饰the teacher 表示:正在大树下看书的那位老师.情态动词1. 情态动词的推测表达2. 情态动词表达虚拟语气3. 某些情态动词的特殊用法知识重点与难点总结知识重点:情态动词在表达推测意义的句子中的运用:(一)用情态动词表达事实的推测.can,could,might,may,must可以用来表达对事实的推测.根据说话人对事实的把握性大小,must表示“肯定…”,may / might / can / could表示“可能……”, must只用于肯定句中,may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 “可能不……”, 而can / could可以用于疑问句,表示“可能,可能……吗?”,其否定式can’t / couldn’t 表示“不可能”.用情态动词可以对现在或过去的事实进行推测.对不同的时间内容推测有不同的结构.(二)对现在的事实进行推测:主要结构:…must / may / might +动词原形be+名词/形容词/介词短语be + doing例句:1. You must be Jeanne. I’m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn’t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn’t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can’t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)对过去的事实进行推测:结构:情态动词+have done / been+名词/形容词/介词短语例句:1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn’t have seen Anna yesterday. She’s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情态动词表达虚拟语气:表达“本来…”,“不然早就…”.这是情态动词的一种虚拟语气用法.表示说话人所讲的与所发生的事实相反.表达了说话人的埋怨,后悔的语气.其结构是在一些情态动词后面加 have done 结构.根据要表达的意思
Ⅵ 有什么学习高一英语的网站,主要讲语法,还有句型的
英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本回句式可以演变出多种复答杂的英语句子。换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下: S十V主谓结构S十V十F主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语
Ⅶ 高一英语语法总结
宾语从句分三种
①that引导宾语从句仅仅起引导作用,本身无具体意义,通常在非正式文体中可以省略,不引导介词的宾从(except that除外)
例子:She took it for granted that you knew the matter.
②whether获if 领导的宾从
这里的if从句不可以混淆于if引导的条件状语从句,不可以翻译成如果
Do you know whether/if any decision has been arrived at?
③连接代词和连接副词引导的宾从
连接代词有who whom whose what which;连接副词有when where how why等
I will tell you why I was late.
表语从句(标志单词:be动词)
①that引导表从不可以省略
The fact is that he didn't even take the exam.
②wh-疑问词引导的表语从句
That is why he was late for an hour.
③as if,as though,because,just as,引导的表从除because外后可以接虚拟语气
It looks as if we will be late.
主语从句
先行词通常是what
I don't know what he said.
Ⅷ 我是高一的学生,现在就觉得英语基础知识掌握的不好,尤其是语法部分,怎么办
一、要有正确的学习态度
1.要勤学苦练。学英语没有捷径可走,要真正掌握英语,达到运用自如的程度,非下苦功夫不可。下苦功夫就是要进行大量的听、说、读、写训练,使各项技能达到纯熟的地步。语言知识应该了解,但不下苦功在听、说、读、写上练习,仅靠死记硬背一些孤立的单词、一些语法条条,是很难掌握英语这一交际工具的。应该是Learning English而不是Learning about English。就像学游泳、跳芭蕾舞一样,对其理论掌握再好,不通过反复训练是永远也学不会的。
2.要持之以恒。学习英语既然是练功夫的过程,就并不是那么轻松。要不怕困难,坚持学习。学如逆水行舟,不进则退,最忌“三天打鱼,两天晒网”。要日积月累,付出长期的努力。人贵有志,学贵有恒。
二、要掌握正确的学习方法
1.要过语音关。语音是学习英语的第一关。不掌握正确的发音,就不敢大声朗读和对话,句子不能上口,后续的训练就难以进行。要仔细听老师的发音和录音带,大胆实践,反复模仿,对比纠正。不要怕出错。对中国学生来说要达到发音完全正确并非一日之功,要有信心,有耐心就一定能够成功。
2.注意英语和汉语的区别。英语和汉语是两种不同的语言系统。如英语语音中的短元音、辅音连缀,以摩擦音、破擦音收尾音节等在汉语中都没有。英语有形态变化,如名词复数变化、动词时态变化等,而汉语基本上没有。英语语法和句子结构同汉语也存在着一些差异。中学生的汉语习惯已相当牢固,对英语学习有一定的干扰作用。从一开始就要养成良好的习惯,不要用汉字注音,不要用汉语句子套用英语句型。一旦通过大量的阅读,养成用英语思维的习惯,并产生英语语感,就会逐步减少犯“中国式英语”的错误的机会。
3.掌握规律,事半功倍。虽然学习英语没有捷径可走,但掌握英语语言的规律,能起到事半功倍的作用。如记忆单词,要将单词的读音和拼写之间的关系联系起来,即掌握拼读规则,按前缀、后缀同词根或词干的复合关系,按反义、同义和同音关系,以及按单词在句子或语言环境中的关系来记单词就很容易记住,也有兴趣。学习语法也是一样,掌握词形的变化、句型的变化是学习语法的关键。规则很多,各种规则也有例外,要灵活记忆,不能死记规则,以偏概全。
下定决心,坚持不懈 英语学习作为一门语言技能,通过大量的训练和练习任何人是可以掌握的。一般地说,英语学习的原则是听、说领先,读、写跟上。李扬的疯狂英语提倡,首先建立起我能学好英语的信心,然后以句子为单位,大量地模仿,疯狂地操练,大声地朗读,最后达到自如地说英语,他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏效。钟道隆教授45岁开始学英语,一年后,学成出国当口语翻译,并创造了逆苦恼、逆急于求成、逆速成的逆向学习英语的方法。他还提出学习英语要遵循听、写、说、背、想的方法,他的方法强调以听为主,并且把所听到的内容全部写下来。尤其是他的学习精神最可佳,他学习英语用坏了十几台录音机,你可想象他听了多少英语;用完的圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉罐,你可想象他写了多少,在一年半内,累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小时,也就说每天抽出几个小时来学英语。如果我们做到他那样,一定也能学好英语。最重要的是坚持,只要能下定决心,坚持每天至少一个小时的学习英语,战胜自我最后肯定会有收获的。 注意方法,循序渐进 决心下定,还注意学习方法,有时根据自己的情况和不同的学习目的,选择不同的学习方法,但是学习英语一定要踏踏实实地、一步一个脚印地走。要把基础知识掌握好,也就是说,发音要正确、基本词汇要掌握牢、基本句式要熟练、基本语法要会用。(1)要过好语音关。把每一个音标发正确,注意改正有问题的音素,特别是那些容易混淆的音素,尽早地掌握国际音标,并尽量的掌握一些读音规则,尽快地能利用读音规则来拼单词,掌握读音规则对单词的记忆和拼写非常有用。(2)掌握一定数量的英语单词。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇是一难关,学习单词要从单词的形、音、义这三方面去掌握,要注意单词的一词多义,一词多类的用法,要学会一些构词法的知识,来扩展词汇量。学习单词要在语言材料中去学,要结合词组,通过句子,阅读文章来活记单词,死记的单词是记不牢的。坚持在读、说前,先反复听,听的时候反应单词、句子的意思和节奏,想一下单词的拼法、句子结构。并要同学习语法规则有机结合起来进行。(3)掌握好基本语法。语法在学习英语中也很重要,它能帮助我们把握住英语的基本规律,死的语法规则要记住,活的规则要通过做大量的练习掌握。总之学习英语要通过听、说、读、写、译来进行操练,不但要注意数量,更重要的是要注意质量,尤其是基本知识要掌握的准确,熟练。只有经过大量的实践,才能做到熟能生巧,运用自如。 提前预习,有的放矢 作为学生,在每次上课前,都要对要学的课文提前预习。首先在音标的帮助下试着拼读单词,也可以借助配套磁带反复听,对比一下,把握不准的要标出来,注意上课老师的发音,还要记一下单词的汉语意思和词性。借助课文的注释或辅导材料,预习一遍课文,找出不明白的地方,做到心中有数,在教师讲课时注意听这些地方。总之,预习的目的是熟悉要学的内容,找出不明白的地方,带着问题听课,做到有的放矢。 认真听课,积极配合 课堂是老师与学生一起学习、掌握、运用知识的主要场所。作为起主导作用的老师一方引导学生搞好课堂教学是很必要的,但也需要学习者的积极配合。上课要专心听讲、作好笔记、认真操练、积极思考。预习时出现的问题在课堂上教师没有讲到的,要向老师提出,把问题搞清楚,老师讲授的问题,先注意听,下课后整理一下笔记,反复思考一下这些问题,抓住老师所讲的重点,难点和考点。总之,上课时要做到耳听、眼观、嘴动、脑想,调动起多个感官来。 完成作业,找出问题 学完每一课,要认真完成课后作业。做作业时一定不要看参考书上题的答案,做完后再对答案,对于作业中所出现的不明白的问题,应该记下来,等下次上课时提出来。做作业是英语学习的很重要的环节,它是消化知识和巩固知识的过程,一定要认真完成规定的作业,笔头作业要动一动笔,口头作业要动一动嘴,提高听力要练一练耳,课文在听和读的基础上,最好背诵某些精彩段落。总之,要做大量的练习,英语是练出来的, 一定不要偷懒。 及时复习,巩固知识 学会了的东西随着时间的流逝会逐渐遗忘,但学语言有遗忘现象是正常的。更不必因为有遗忘现象而影响自己学好英语的信心与决心。问题在于怎样来减轻遗忘的程度。善于类比,总结知识,把新学的知识同过去学的有关的知识进行横向和纵向比较和联系。建立错误档案记录,加深印象,以避免再反同样错误。我们大部分知识和技能是靠重复获得的,及时复习对于记忆非常必要,学英语就是要坚持天天不断的练,不断地重复基本句型,常用词汇和基本语法等。学习英语的过程也是同遗忘做斗争的过程。 总而言之,只要你能做到下定决心学,注意学习方法,把课前预习,认真听课,完成作业,及时复习这些环节作好了,你一定能够学好英语
Ⅸ 高一英语 语法重点 (外研社版)
高一重点在非谓语还有就是
定语从句
,具体方法不是别人告诉你你就可以提高的,英语这门学科要多听多读多练,成绩自然会提高的。坚持也是很重要的。
Ⅹ 高一英语都涉及到什么时态有什么难点
高一英语时态不是重点了。语法重点较多。
上册语法点主要是定语从句和直接引语变间接引语。
关于“定语从句”:
*定语从句是修饰限定名词或代词的从句,做所限定名词或代词的定语,确实为形容词性从句,因为定语多是形容词。因此,定语从句往往出现在所修饰的名词或代词的后面。如:This is the book that I want.
定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句,结果状语从句,让步状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。
一、 限定性定语从句
1. that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置
2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢
3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括all, anything, much等,这时的that常被省略
4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
5. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句
6. when引导定语从句表示时间
〔注〕值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.
I still remember the first time I met her.
Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.
7. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格
8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用there is来引导
二、非限定性定语从句:非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常和主句间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
2. 在引导限定性定语从句时,that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which
Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变,这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐,而他恰恰与我相反。
We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了。
3. 有时as也可用作关系代词
4. 在非限定性定语从句中,不能用that,而用who, whom代表人,用which代表事物
二、直接引语变间接引语
一、如何变人称:
下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾,第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如:
She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如:
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如:
Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。
二、如何变时态:
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
现在时它需改为过去时态;过去时态改为完成时;过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如:
1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen
2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.
3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。
但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化。
①直接引语是客观真理。
"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。
②直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。如:
Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变。如:
Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变。如:
He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例:ought to, had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时,(例:could, should, would, might)不再变。如:
Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。
三、如何变状语:
直接引语变间接引语,状语变化有其内在规津,时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”(例:now变为then, yesterday。变为 the day before)地点状语,尤其表示方向性的,或用指示代词修饰的状语,由“此”改为“彼”(例:this 改为that),如:
He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.
四、如何变句型:
①直接引语如果是陈述句,间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如:She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如:He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.
"You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句,间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾语从句必须用陈述句语序)。
She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如:
"Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest +动句词(或从句)。”如:
He said, "Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
引述别人的话有两种方式:一是使用引号引出人家的原话,这叫做直接引语;一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来,这叫做间接引语。例如:
John said, "I’m going to London with my father."
约翰说:"我要和父亲到伦敦去。"(引号内是直接引语)
John said that he was going to London with his father.
约翰说,他要和他父亲去伦敦。(宾语从句是间接引语)
由直接引语变为间接引语,分以下情况:
1. 直接引语是陈述句时
间接引语为that引导的宾语从句(口语中that可以省略),主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。
He said , "You are younger than I."-’He said (that ) I was younger than him.
2.直接引语是疑问句时
间接引语为陈述语序:主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。
(1) 一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"
→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.
She asked me , "You have seen the film, haven’t you?"
→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.
(2) 选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。
I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
He asked , "Where do you live?"
→He asked me where I lived.
3.直接引语是祈使句时
间接引语为不定式,作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语(don’t 变为not ).
The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to open the window.
His father said to him , "Don’t leave the door open."→His father told him not to leave the door open.
[注意]
(1) 有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句,可以用suggest ,insist等动词 加以转述。例如:
He said, "Let’s go to the theatre."
→He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.
(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked.
→He asked me to open the window.
"Why don’t you take a walk after supper?" he asked .
→he advised me to take a walk after supper.
"Shall we listen to the music?" he asked.
→He suggested listening to the music.
4.直接引语是感叹句时
间接引语为what 或how 引导,也可以用that 引导。
She said, "What a lovely day it is !"
→She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.
5.如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时,则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时,间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化:
(1) 一般现在时变为一般过去时
(2) 现在进行时变为过去进行时
(3) 一般将来时变为过去将来时
(4) 现在完成时变为过去完成时
(5) 一般过去时变为过去完成时
(6) 过去完成时不变,仍为过去完成时
[注意]
(1) 如果直接引语是表示客观真理时,变为间接引语,一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如:
The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun."
→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
(2) 如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语,变为间接引语时,一般过去时不改为过去完成时。如:
He said to me, "I was born in 1973."
→He told me that he was born in 1973.
(3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效,变为间接宾语时,一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如:
He said, "I’m a boy, not a girl."
→He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.
(4)如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作,在变为间接引时,一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如:
The girl said, "I get up at six every morning."
→The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.
(5)如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句,在变为间接引语时,只改变主句中的谓语动词,从句的一般过去时则不变。如:
He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."
→He told me that he had taught English since he came here.
(6)如果直接引语中含有情态动词 must, need, had better以及情态动词的过去式could, might, should, would,在变为间接引语时,这些情态动词没有时态的改变。例如:
The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation."
→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.
He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."
→He said that he could swim when he was only six.
6.代词等一般地应作用相应的变化。
指示代词 this ---that
these--- those
表示时间的词 now --- then
today--- that day
this week(month ,etc) ----that week (month ,etc)
yesterday ----the day before
last week(month) --- the week(month) before
three days(a year)ago---three days(a year)before
tomorrow ----the next (following ) day
next week(month)--the next(following)week(month)
表地点的词 here --there
动词 bring -- take
come --go
下册重点是:情态动词用法、现在分词与过去分词用法、主谓一致原则、it的用法.内容很多,但并不难理解,只要平时注意总结归纳就可以学好.
比较详细了吧/可以得悬赏分了么?