㈠ 这几到初中英语代词语法练习题,我想知道这几道题的答案和语法总结和详细!解题过程。会的请讲,不会的就
27.C ( 后面是定语从句,the 特指,ones 指代前面的students )
32,A ( 互相问候)
33. A ( everyone 为不定代词,指单数版)
38. C ( the same 相同的权)
㈡ 初中英语知识点,语法总结
play+the+乐器 弹奏某种乐器,注意需要加不定冠词the; play+球类(棋牌类) 注意中间不加任何冠词
speak+语言 说某种语言,注意动词用的是speak
say+sth+in+语言 用某种语言说什么东西(事情),注意用某种语言用介词in,say后面加所说的内容
join+the+俱乐部种类+俱乐部 注意这里的俱乐部种类是名词单数,除“运动”用sports的形式外,讲故事俱乐部用story-telling club
对俱乐部的名字进行提问用what club 如I want to join the art club.对划线部分进行提问是:What club do you want to join?
join+sb+in+doing+sth 加入某人一起做某事
be(am,is,are)+good+with+sb 和某人相处得好
be(am,is,are)+good+for+sth(sb) 对......有益处
be(am,is,are)+good+at+(doing)sth 擅长(做)某事 同义短语:do+well+in+(doing)+sth
call+sb+at+电话号码 给某人打电话拨打......
What’s your address? 你的地址在哪里? 注意:问“你的地址在哪里?”疑问词是what而不是where.
play the guitar well 弹吉他弹得好 注意:well是副词,修饰动词play。即副词用来修饰动词。
show+sth+to+sb = show +sb +sth 把某物给某人看 如:Show your photo to me.= Show me your photo
Help+sb+ with+sth=help+sb+do+sth 帮助某人做某事 如:help kids with swimming=help kids swim帮助孩子们游泳
write+to+sb 给某人写信
a+little+不可数名词 a+few+可数名词复数 一点儿:如:a little water一点水 a few vegetables 一点蔬菜
much+不可数名词 many+可数名词复数 许多:如:much water许多水 many vegetables 许多蔬菜
too+much+不可数名词 too+many+可数名词复数 太多的:如:too much water许多水 too many vegetables 许多蔬菜
practice+(in)+doing+sth 练习做某事 注意:in可以省略
do+one’s+homework做作业 注意:one’s是表示物主代词或者名词所有格形式 如:my(物主代词)或WangFang’s(名词所有格)
by+交通工具 注意交通工具之前不加任何冠词 且交通工具用单数形式 如:by plane
乘机动车类交通工具可用take+冠词+交通工具 如:take a bus但要注意乘地铁冠词只能用the,不用a,写成take the subway
比较特殊的乘坐交通工具的写法1,ride a bike骑自行车2,on foot 步行=walk
leave+sw离开某地;leave+sw1+for+sw2离开某地1去某地2如:leave home for school从家离开去学校for后面表示要去的地方
sb+spend+时间+doing+sth=it+takes+sb+时间+to+do+sth某人花费时间做某事
sb+spend+金钱+on+sth=sth+cost+sb+金钱 某人花多少钱买......东西,如:I spend 5 yuan on the pen=The pen cost me 5 yuan
see+sb+do+sth 看见某人做某事;see+sb+doing+sth 看见某人正在做某事
remember+to+do+sth记得做某事(还没做);remember+doing+sth记得做过某事(已经做)
forget+to+do+sth忘记做某事(还没做);forget+doing+sth忘记做过某事(已经做)
I’m+形容词+to+do+sth我很...做某事:如I’m sorry to hear that(很遗憾听到这事)I’m happy to play with you(很开心和你一起玩)
Thanks+for+doing+sth感谢做某事 thanks也可写成thank you
like+to+do+sth喜欢做某事(强调这件事刚开始喜欢);like+doing+sth喜欢做某事(强调已经喜欢很久甚至已经变成一种习惯)
stop+to+do+sth停止做某事(强调停下来开始做另一件事);stop+doing+sth(强调停止做一直在做的事情)
tell+sb+(not)+to+do+sth告诉某人(不要)做某事
对路程、距离提问用how far,如:10 kilometres
对“for+一段时间” 或“一段时间”提问用how long,如:for 2 days
对频率提问用how often,如:twice a week. three times a day
对“in+时间段”提问用how soon,如:in two days
对可数名词多少提问用how many,如:5 apples
对不可数名词多少或价钱提问用how much,如:some water或5 yuan
It+is+形容词+(for+sb) +to+do+sth.(对某人来说)干某事…It is interesting for me to play computer games.对我来说玩电脑游戏很趣
42.between+sth+and+sth在...和...之间 如:There is a very big river between their school and the village.在他们学校和乡村之间有条大河
43.break the rules(违反规章制度);follow(keep)the rules(遵守规章制度);make the rules(制定规则)
44.on time(按时);in time(及时)
45.arrive+at+小地点;arrive+at+大地点;reach+地点;get+to+地点 注意如果后面地点是副词home要省略之前的一切介词46.be(am,is,are)+strict+with+sb 对某人要求严格
47.be(am,is,are)+strict+in+sth 对某事要求严格
48.be(am,is,are)+strict+in+doing+sth 对做某事要求严格
49.fight for(为...而战);fight against(与...单方斗);fight with(双方互斗)
50.bring+sth+to+sb=bring+sb+sth把某物给某人带来
51.take+sth+to+sb=take+sb+sth把某物给某人带去
52.have+to+do+sth不得不做某事 否定形式:don’t(doesn’t)+to+do+sth不用不得不做某事
一般现在时:主语是第三人称单数时用has to,其它时候用have to(过去时:无论人称和单复数都用had to.)
一般现在时否定形式:主语(单三)+doesn’t+have to+动词原形+其他;主语(非单三)+don’t+have to+动词原形+其他
疑问句:Do 、Does或Did+主语+have to +动词原形+其他
53.ask+sb+(not)+to+do+sth让某人(不要)做某事
54.make+sb+(not)+do+sth让某人(不要)做某事
55.want+(sb)+to+do+sth=would+like+(sb)+to+do+sth想要(让某人)做某事
56.let+sb+(not)+do+sth让某人(不要)做某事
57.be+made+of+sth能看得出制作材料The kite is made of paper;be+made+from+sth看不出制作材料The paper is made from wood
58.a kind of+名词,a kind of animal一种动物;kinds of+名词,kinds of animals多种动物;kind of+形容词,kind of hungry有点儿饿
59.形容词放在连系动词(be/look/feel/sound/smell等)之后做表语,构成系表结构。如:They’re cute.;He looks very happy
60.how is it going(最近怎么样)not bad(还不错)pretty good(非常好)
61.问天气怎么样的两种表达1,what’s the weather like2,how is the weather
62.one...the other...一个怎么样,另一个怎么样,谓语动词都是单数
63.some...others...一些怎么样,另一些怎么样,可数名词是谓语动词复数,不可数名词时谓语动词单数
64.have+a+good+time=enjoy+oneself注意前面的time是时光的意思,是可数名词,需要定冠词a。
65.in+this+heat在这种热度之下
66.hope+to+do+sth希望做某事,注意没有hope+sb+to+do+sth这个句型。还有一个句型是hope+句子。只有这两个句型
67.in front of在...前面,There is a car in front of the house;in the front of在...(内部)前面,There is a table in the front of the classroom.
68.next to挨着、邻近,与near可替换。从空间讲near只表示“在…附近”;而next to有“紧挨着”之意;next to比near靠的更近。
69. across from意为“在…对面”如The bank is across from our school; across作介词,意为“横过”。如Can you swim across the river?
70. there be (is,are) +名词+地点状语,否定There isn’t / aren’t,疑问句Is/ Are +主语,肯答Yes, there is/are.否答No, there isn’t/aren’t.
71.far from和far away from,当说离...有多远的时候,一定要加from;当前面有具体的数字距离时,一定要加away;far是虚指。
72.on+one’s+left(right)在某人的左边;在某人的右边。
73.turn+left(right)向左转;向右转
74.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
人称 意义 数量 人称代词 物主代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第一人称 我 单数 I me my mine
我们 复数 we us our ours
第二人称 你 单数 you you your yours
你们 复数 you you your yours
第三人称 他 单数 he him his his
她 she her her hers
它 It It its its
他/她/它们 复数 they them their theirs
look like表示“看起来像…”如What does he look like他看上去什么样;be like是指 “品德,相貌”等What is he like他是个怎样的人
wake+sb+up把某人叫醒,如He wakes me up at 6:00 every day
every day“每天”,作状语,如I go to school every day.我每天上学;everyday“每天的, 日常的”形容词,做定语使用。
shout+at+sb多指因为生气等而非善意地对某人吼叫;shout+to+sb多指因距离远而不得不大声叫喊(否则对方无法听见)
感叹句what:1.What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语 2.What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语
How:1.How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语
英语时间表达:(1)整点时间可表示为“钟点数+o’clock”或直接读钟点数省去o’clock如It’s ten o’clock a. m. 现在是上午十点整。
(2)非整点时间可直接采取读数法 如:It’s eight-thirty. 是八点三十分。
(3)非整点时间的分钟数不超过30分钟,也可用介词“past”。 如6:10→ten past six,注意past后说整点时间
(4)非整点时间的分钟数超过30分钟,用介词to,如11:50→ten to twelve,注意to后接“整点时间+1”
对时间提问用: 1.What is the time? 几点了?2.What time is it by your watch? 你的手表几点了?注意问你的手表几点了用介词by
what time“几点”问的是具体的时间,一般回答要具体到小时;用when提问,回答既可以是具体时间,也可以是不具体时间
一般现在时(1)肯定陈述句:当主语是第一、二和第三人称复数时,谓语动词用原形;
当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
(2)否定句:当主语是第一、二及第三人称复数时,否定句借助助动词do+not;
当主语是第三人称单数时,否定句借用does+not,并将动词第三人称单数还原。
(3)疑问句:当主语是第一、第二及第三人称复数时,疑问句在句首加Do;
当主语是第三人称单数时,疑问句在句首加Does,并把谓语第三人称单数还原。
(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+当主语是第一、第二及第三人称复数时,疑问句在句首加Do;
特殊疑问词+当主语是第三人称单数时,疑问句在句首加Does,并把谓语第三人称单数还原。
must=have to不得不、必须。以must开头的一般疑问句,它的否定回答用needn’t(不必要),不用mustn’t(不允许、禁止)
can=be(am,is,are)+able+to+do能够做某事
祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时,句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束。
(1)祈使句的肯定句:行为动词原形+其他
(2) 以Let开头的祈使句,Let后宾语是是第一人称时,否定形式是在宾语后加not,如Let’s not do that again.我们别再那样做了。
(3)如果Let 后面宾语是第三人称,否定形式是在Let前加助动词Don’t,如Don’t let them come in.别让他们进来。
(4)祈使句的否定通常使用“Don't …”,Don't+动词原形(行为动词/be动词)+其他
反义疑问句:(1)有系动词be 的把系动词be变成否定并提前+主语代词。
(2)there be句型把be变否定提前+there
(3)一般疑问句主语第三人称单数用doesn’t+单三代词;主语非单三用don’t+非单三代词
(4)let’s开头的祈使句反义疑问句是shall we;let us开头的反义疑问句是will you,其他祈使句均为will you
现在进行时,由 “be+动词ing形式” 构成
主语 I he she it 名(单) you we they 名(复)
be am is are
(1)现在进行时的否定形式直接在be后面加not即可。
(2)现在进行时的一般疑问形式将be提前,后面+主语+其他
(3)现在进行时的特殊疑问形式用特殊疑问词+be提前,后面+主语+其他
put on、wear与in。put on主要强调穿的动作,表示时间短;wear强调穿的状态,表示时间长;in通常加衣服的颜色,表状态
一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作或出现的状态,以动词的过去式表达。
be动词过去式的句式。
①否定句是在was/were后面加not, was not (wasn't)/were not (weren't)。 ②一般疑问句是把was / were提前并放到句首,要求首字母要大写。(2)实义动词过去式的句式。①肯定式:主语+动词过去式+其它。如:They had a good time yesterday. ②否定式:主语+did not(didn't)+动词原形+其它。如:They didn't watch TV last night. ③一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其它。肯定回答:Yes,主语+did.;否定回答:No,主语+didn't. ④特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句:即特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它
如:What time did you finish your homework?
at the beginning of在...的开始;at the end of在...的最后;in the end在最后。
sometimes有时;some time一段时间;some times一些次;sometime某个时刻
interesting,relaxing,interested,relaxed等形容词以ing结尾都是物做主语,以ed结尾都是人做主语。
come from=be from来自...,对于疑问句,前者提前助动词,之后用陈述语序;后者提前系动词be,之后用陈述语序。
the way to...去...的路;the answer to... ...的答案;the key to... ...的钥匙。注意这三个短语中表“的”词都用介词to
talk+to+sb和...谈话(单方面);talk+with+sb和...谈话(双方互相);talk+about+sb(sth)谈论某人(某物)
㈢ 初二英语语法归纳
1. look pretty 看上去漂亮的
1. taste salty 尝起来咸的
2. feel tight 感觉有些紧
3. smell sour 闻上去酸的
4. sound noisy 听上去吵闹的
5. so much food 这么多食物
6. get the food ready把食物准备好
7. can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事
8. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信
9. shake hands 握手
10. last message 上个信息
11. be proud of sb. 为某人自豪
12. have a party 开聚会
13. the first time 第一次
14. family member 家庭成员
15. say hello to sb.与某人问好
16. have a try 试一试
17. introce sb. to sb.把某人介绍给
18. get angry with sb. 对某人生气
19. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事.
20. be excited about doing sth.做某事感到兴奋
21. do something wrong 做错事
22. ride a bicycle 骑自行车
23. would like to do sth. 想要做某事
24. make cookies 做小甜饼
25. What’s the matter with you? 你怎么了?
26. What’ she like? 她为人怎样?
27. What does she look like? 她长的怎样?
feel (感觉,摸起来)
sound(听起来)
look(看上去)
28.主语+感官动词(连系动词) seem (好象) +adj.
smell(闻起来)
taste (吃起来)
keep (保持)
become / get/ turn (变得)
Mole 8
1. around town 环城之行
2. go along 沿着---走
3. turn left/ right into---向左/右转
4. on the corner of (在街道)拐角处
5. between---and---在----和----之间
6. on the left of---在---的左边
7. opposite the market 在市场的对面
8. by boat 乘船
9. take boat 乘船
10. on a clear day 在晴朗的日子里
11. the way to -------的路
12. the best way 最好的方法
13. get off 下(车, 船)
14. go past 走过
15. go for a walk 散步
16. buy things you need 买你需要的东西
17. go swimming 去游泳
18. get something to eat 买些吃的东西
19. be full of 装满了---
20. most of 大多数
21. at the ticket office 在售票处
22. follow it on the map
23. Where is the park?
How can I get to the park?
Can you tell me the way to the park?
Is there a park near here?
Do you know the way to the park?
Mole 9
1.濒危动物: animals in danger
2.需要做某事: need to do
3.没有喝水: without drinking
4.了解: learn about…
5.令人惊奇的事情:: the surprising thing
6.很吃惊地干某事: be surprised to do sth
7.干某事很悲伤: It’s sad to do sth
8.为了…而杀死: kill…for…
9.停止捕杀很难: It’s hard to stop killing
10.没有地方住: no places to live in
11.没有足够吃的食物no enough food to eat
12.这水不好喝: The water isn’t good to drink
13.带走它: take it away
14.住在森林里: live in the forests
15.决定不做某事: decide not to do
16:变得很严峻: become very serious
17.以…为生: live on…
18.照顾: look after (them, her…)
19.有足够住的地方:enough places to live in
20.越来越少的土地居住 less and less land to live on
21.制定计划: make a plan
22.生长得更好:grow better
23.最著名的科学家: the best-known scientist
24.以 而闻名: be famous for…
25.的标志(象征) the symbol of…
26.想起 think of…
27.考虑: think about (it)
28.例如: for example / such as…
29.几乎没有熊猫 very few pandas.
30.也,同样 as well as…
31.你真是太好了干某事 It’s really nice of you to do sth…
32.向某人展示某物show sb about sth..
33.干某事的一个计划: a plan to do sth…
34.设计海报 design a poster
35.保持…干净: keep sth clean
36.保持地球的干净: keep the Earth clean
37.砍伐森林: cut down the forests
38.污染河流: pollute the rivers
39.为某人而工作: work for sb
40.在野外: in the wild
41.究竟 : on earth
42.听到那个消息很难过:I’m sorry to hear that.
43.使得某人发狂: make sb mad
44: 把它变脏: make it dirty
45. 查找它: find it out
46.和平地生存:live in peace.
47.自然保护区: nature reserve
48.最后: at last
49.干某事是有趣的: It’s interesting to do
50.需要保护: need to protect…
51.变得稀少: become rare
52.最濒危的动物之一one of the animals most in danger
53.出生: be born
54.由于许多不同的原因:for many different reasons
Mole 10
1. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
2. watch a performance of 看----的演出
3. the center of the neighbourhood 居住地的中心
4. say goodbye to sb. 向某人说再见
5. the Qing Dynasty 清朝
6. the Anti-Japanese War 抗日战争
7. send sb. to some place 送/派某人去某地
8. the Teacher’s School 师范学校
9. from – to – 从----到----
10. be named 被命名为
11. people’s artist 人民的艺术家
12. great Master of Language 语言大师
13. folk music 民歌
14. magic shows 魔术表演
15. at the teahouse 在茶馆
16. enjoy sth. 从某事得到乐趣
17. the twentieth century 二十世纪
18. give a wonderful welcome 热烈欢迎
19. take place 发生
20. make them study hard 使他们努力学习
21. fall in love with sb. 与某人相爱
22. marry sb. 娶了/嫁给某人
23. the best part of the film 电影最好的部分
24. the name of ----的名字
25. more than one meaning 不止一个意思
26. the same dream 相同的梦想
27. Beijing Children’s Art Theatre 北京儿童艺术剧院
28. a gold medal 金牌
29. somebody else 别的人
30. a well-known poet 著名的诗人
31. a writer for TV, opera and drama 一位集电视剧,歌剧及戏剧创作于一身的作家
32. finish doing sth 结束做某事
33. be good for 对---有利
34. understand their children better 更好的了解孩子
35. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事
36. make a decision 做出决定
Mole 11
1. The Spring Festival 春节
2. at the moment 现在
3. depend on 根据---而定/ 依靠
4. find out 找出,查明
5. choose carefully 仔细挑选
6. the places to see 要看的地方
7. in winter 在冬天
8. change colour 改变颜色
9. in the northwest 在西北
10. remember to do sth 记得干某事
11. freezing cold 非常冷
12. from time to time 时常
13. take an umbrella 带把雨伞
14. for a long time 长时间
15. on holiday 度假
16. best of all 最好的是
17. start to do sth. 开始做某事
Unit 1: How often do you exercise?
【应掌握的词组】
1. go to the movies 去看电影
2. look after = take care of 照顾
3. surf the internet 上网
4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding 去划板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports锻炼
8. eating habits 饮食习惯
9. take more exercise 做更多的运动
10. the same as 与什么相同
11. be different from 不同
12. once a month一月一次
13. twice a week一周两次
14. make a difference to 对什么有影响
15. how often 多久一次
16. although = though虽然
17. most of the students=most students
18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物
19. as for至于
20. activity survey活动调查
21. do homework做家庭作业
22. do house work做家务事
23. eat less meat吃更少的肉
24. junk food垃圾食物
25. be good for 对什么有益
26. be bad for对什么有害
27. want to do sth 想做某事
28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事
29. try to do sth 尽量做某事
30. come home from school放学回家
31. of course = certainly = sure当然
32. get good grades取得好成绩
33. some advice
34. hardly=not nearly / almost not几乎不
35. keep/be in good health保持健康
36.be stressed紧张的,有压力的
37. take a vacation 去度假
48.get back 回来
Unit 2 What’s the matter?
【应掌握的词组】
1. Have a cold 感冒
2. sore back 背痛
3. neck and neck 并驾齐驱,齐头并进
4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛
= I have got a stomachache
= There is something wrong with my stomach
= My stomach hurts
= I have (got) a pain in my stomach
5. What’s the matter? 怎么了?
= What’s the trouble (with you)?
= What’s your trouble?
= What’s wrong (with you)?
= What’ the matter (with you)?
=What has happened to you?
= Is there anything wrong (with you)? = what’s up?
6. sore throat 咽喉痛
7. lie down and rest 躺下休息
8. see a dentist 看牙医
9. drink lots of water 多喝水
10. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶
11.That’s a good idea 好主意
12.That’s too bad 太糟糕了
13.I think so 我认为如此
14. I’m not feeling well. 我觉得不太舒服
= I’m not feeling fine/all right.
= I’m feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad.
= I don’t feel well.
15. get some rest 多休息
16. I have no idea = I don’t know 我不知道
17. stressed out 筋疲力尽
18. I am tired 我累了 He is tired. 他累了
19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
20. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医
21. a balance of yin and yang阴阳调和
22. you have too much yin.你阴气太盛
23. to eat a balance diet饮食平衡
24. healthy food 健康食品
25. stay healthy 保持健康
=keep healthy=keep in good health
= keep fit
26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself
反身代词) 玩得高兴,过得愉快
=have a good time = have a wonderful time
= have fun
27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth
practice doing sth.练习做某事,
mind doing sth. 介意做某事,
finish doing sth.完成某事,
give up doing sth.放弃做某事,
can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事,
keep ding sth. 坚持做某事. (keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth. )
be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事
be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
make a contribution to doing sth.为..做贡献
go on doing sth. 继续做某事
forget doing sth.忘记做某事
remember doing sth. 记得做某事
spend....(in) doing sth. 花(时间)来做某事
prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起(做...)来更愿意(做...)
28. at the moment = now 此刻
29. Host family 东道家庭
30. Conversation practice会话练习
31. I’m sorry to hear that.听到此事我很难过
初二语法复习
1. so+谓语+主语:…也一样. 谓语:be动词/助动词/情态动词
2. so+主语+谓语:的确如此,真的这样.
3. help yourself/yurselves to...请随便吃点...
4. 发现sb做sth : find sb doing sth
5. 不完全同意I don’t really agree.
完全不同意I really don’t agree.
6. 或者..或者...either…or…..就近原则
既不..也不..neither…nor….就近原则
既....又...both…and….谓语用复数
7. 看起来,似乎It seems/seemed that…..
8. 由于...而闻名be famous for….
更详细的语法可以看这里:)
http://www.52en.com/whbm/grammar/index.htm
㈣ 初中英语总结.和所有重点及短语 单词 语法
由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理:
一、动词+介词
1.look at…看…, look like … 看上去像……, look after …照料…
2.listen to…听……
3.welcome to…欢迎到……
4.say hello to …向……问好
5.speak to…对……说话
此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必须带宾语,但宾语无论是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后。
二、动词+副词
“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类:
A.动词(vt.)+副词
1.put on 穿上 2.take off脱下 3.write down记下
此类短语可以带宾语,宾语若是名词,放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词,只能放在副词的前面。
B.动词(vi)+副词。
1.come on赶快 2.get up起床 3.go home回家
4.come in进来 5.sit down坐下 6.stand up起立
此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。
三、其它类动词词组
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class
4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper
7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games
10. play games
[介词短语聚焦]
“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。
1.in+语言/颜色/衣帽等,表示使用某种语言或穿着……。
2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等,表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。
3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。
4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。
5.in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”;on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。
6.in the wall表示“在墙上(凹陷进去)”;on the wall表示“在墙上(指墙的表面)”。
7.at work(在工作)/at school(上学)/at home(在家)应注意此类短语中无the。
8.at + 时刻表示钟点。
9.like this/that表示方式,意为“像……这/那样”。
10.of短语表示所属关系。
11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等,表示方位、处所。
12.from与to多表示方向,前者意为“从……”,后者意为“到……”。
另外,以下这些短语也必须掌握。如:on ty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。
[重点句型大回放]
1.I think…意为“我认为……”,是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…,
2.give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”,动词give之后可接双宾语,可用这两种句型;若指物的宾语是人称代词时,则只能用give it/ them to sb.
3.take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”,后常接地点,也可接人。
4.One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……;另一个是……”,必须是两者中。
5.Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”,人后应用不带to的动词不定式,其否定式为Don’t let sb,do sth.,或Let sb. not do sth. 另外,Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同,前者包括听者在内,后者不包括听者在内,
6.help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,前者用不定式作宾补,后者用介词短语作宾补,二者可以互换.
7.What about…?/How about…?意为“……怎么样?”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词,其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。
8.It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”,其中to后须接原形动词,for后可接名词或V-ing形式。
9.like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”, 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作,
10.ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”,其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式,
11.show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”,该句型的用法同前面第2点。
12.introce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”;introce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。
[重点短语快速复习]
1.kinds of 各种各样的
2. either…or…或者……或者……,不是……就是……
3. neither…nor…既不……也不……
4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶
5. take a seat 就坐
6. home cooking 家常做法
7. be famous for 因……而著名
8. on ones'way to在……途中
9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院
10. at the end of在……的尽头,在……的末尾
11. wait for 等待
12. in time 及时
13. make one’s way to…往……(艰难地)走去
14. just then 正在那时
15. first of all 首先,第一
16. go wrong 走错路
17. be/get lost 迷路
18. make a noise 吵闹,喧哗
19. get on 上车
20. get off 下车
21. stand in line 站队
22. waiting room 候诊室,候车室
23. at the head of……在……的前头
24. laugh at 嘲笑
25. throw about 乱丢,抛散
26. in fact 实际上
27. at midnight 在半夜
28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快
29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架
30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温
31. have/get a pain in…某处疼痛
32. have a headache 头痛
33. as soon as… 一……就……
34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事
35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事
36. fall asleep 入睡
37. again and again再三地,反复地
38. wake up 醒来,叫醒
39. instead of 代替
40. look over 检查
41. take exercise运动
42. had better(not) do sth. 最好(不要)干某事
43. at the weekend 在周末
44. on time 按时
45. out of从……向外
46. all by oneself 独立,单独
47. lots of=a lot of 许多
48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再
49. get back 回来,取回
50. sooner or later迟早
51. run away 逃跑
52. eat up 吃光,吃完
53. run after 追赶
54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物
55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) (好好)照顾,照料
56. think of 考虑到,想起
57. keep a diary 坚持写日记
58. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下
59. harder and harder 越来越厉害
60. turn on打开(电灯、收音机、煤气等)
61. turn off 关
[重温重点句型]
1.So + be/助动词/情态动词+主语.
前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用到这种倒装结构,表示“另一人(物)也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用“Neither/ Nor + be/助动词/情态动词+主语.”这种倒装结构。
注意:“So+主语+be/助动词/情态动词.”这一句型常用于表示赞同,进一步肯定对方的看法,表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”
neither...nor... , both...and... , either...or... , not only...but also...等句型要遵循相邻原则。
2.Turn right/left at the first/second/…crossing.
这一指路的句型意为“在第一/二/……个十字路口向右/左拐。”相当于Take the first /second/…turning on theright/left.
3.It takes sb.some time to do sth.
此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的主语.
就等于spent time on sth / spent time in doing sth
4.…think/find + it + adj. + to do sth.
此句型中的it是形式宾语,不可用其它代词替代,形容词作宾语的补足语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的宾语。
5.What’s wrong with…?
此句型相当于What’s the matter/ trouble with…?后跟某物作宾语时,意为“某物出什么毛病了?”后跟某人作宾语时,意为“某人怎么了?”
6.too…to…
在so…that…复合句中,that后的句子是否定句时,常与简单句too…to…(太……而不能……)进行句型转换。
在so…that…复合句中,that后的句子是肯定句时,常与简单句…enough to…进行句型转换.
7.Sorry to hear that.
全句应为I’m sorry to hear that. 意为“听到此事我很难过(遗憾)。”常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。
[重点句型、词组大盘点]
1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。
[用法] used to + 动词原形,表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态,含有现在不再如此之意。
[搭配] used to do的否定式可以是usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do.
[比较] used to do sth. 过去常做某事;be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事;be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。
2.…return it sooner or later.
……迟早要将它归还。
[用法] l)sooner or later意为“迟早”、“早晚”。
2)return此处用作及物动词,意为“归还”,相当于give back.
[拓展]return还可用作不及物动词,意为“返回”,相当于go back或come back。
3.No matter what the weather is like…无论天气……
[用法]no matter what 相当于whatever,其意为“无论什么”,引导状语从句。
[拓展]类似no matter what的表达方式还有:
no matter when无论什么时候
nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;no matter where无论什么地方
no matter who无论谁
no matter how 无论怎么样
4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green.
一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。
[用法]practise doing sth. 表示“实践、练习(做)某事”。
[拓展]practice名词,“实践”、“实施”、“练习”;put a plan into practice实行某计划。
5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.
他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。
[用法]1)encourage用作动词,意思是“鼓励”、“支持”。
2)take part in“参加”,常表示参加活动。
3)protect 是动词,表示“防御”、“保护”。
[搭配]1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人
nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人干某事
2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害
6. …to warn people about sharks in the water. ……警告人们当心水里的鲨鱼。
[用法] warn用作动词,意思是“警告”、“警戒”。
[搭配]1)warn sb.+ that从句
2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
3)warn sb. to do sth.告诫某人做某事
4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事
常用动词短语
1.have: have a cold\cough\fever\headache\pain have a great effect on
have a good time have a match\meeting\discussion had better do sth
have no choice but to do sth have a rest have on
2.make: make a promise make a decision make room for make sense make use of make a face make an effort to do sth make a living make up one’s mind to do sth make a mistake make a noise make a speech make an apology make it a rule
make it make into make…out of… make up
make of make from make a call
3.take: take a seat take a message for take an interest in
take off take on (a new look) take over take steps to do
take some measures to do sth take care take charge take part in
take place take the place of take turns to do sth take medicine
take up
4. go: go cold go hungry be gone go dad want a go
go skating\fishing\shopping\swimming go on doing sth go on to do sth go on with sth go down go well go head go out
go over go against go without go on a picnic go through
5.get: get down to doing sth get hurt\married\dressed\caught
get over get off get ready for get up get in get through get on well with get together get in to the habit of doing
get used to doing sth get rid of get tired of
6.put: put on put forward put off put out
put up put on weight put away put down
7.play: play an important part in play an important role in
play football play the piano
8.keep: keep back keep in touch with keep off keep out
keep one’s promise keep up keep up with keep sb from doing
keep on doing keep order
9.give: give away give out give off give up
give in give some advice on… give a talk on sth give first aid
10.come: come about come across come on come out
come to oneself come true come up
11.bring: bring down bring in bring up bring along
12.break: break down break out break away from
break up break into break off break in
13.turn: turn down turn to sb turn into turn off turn in turn over turn against turn away turn on
turn up turn out to…
14.look: look out look up look down upon look after
look at look for look around look over look as if
look forward to doing sth look back upon look into look on
15.do: do sb a favour do up do one’s hair do a good deed do wrong
1.弄清词语自身结构用法学生做题时往往仅限于依据词语的中文含义,简单对照。这样就造成了许多中文正确,而英语结构上的错误。如“允许某人干某事”,allow sb to do sth,而不可用做agree sb to do sth.“同意干某事”说allow doing sth.而agree却应为agree to do sth.再如:“希望某人去干某事”expect sb to do sth.不可说为hopesbtodosth.“建议某人去干某事”,说advise sb to do.就不可说是suggest sb to do sth.这是根据动词自身的基本用法而决定的。这些更需要学习中不断积累。
下面是一些常用动词的不同结构用法:
A.以下动词与不定式连用即afford to do sth .afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,care,claim,dare,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,failhappen,
help,
hope,intend,learn,man-age,mean,need,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,used,want,wish
B.以下动词与动名词连用即admit doing sth admit,advise,allow,appreciate,avoid,can’t help,consider,delay,dreamof,enjoy,escape,excuse,feellike,finish,forbid,giveup,imagine,insiston,keep,mind,miss,
order,persistin,practice,putoff,request,require,risk,stand,stop,suggest
C.以下动词与不定式复合结构连用即advise sb to do sth.advise,allow,ask,beg,callon,cause,consider,dependon,encourage,expect,find,force,get,hate,instruct,invite,like,
long for,need,oblige,permit,persuade,prefer,remind,request,require,suppose,waitfor,warn,etc.let,have,make,(使役动词后的不定式去掉to)see,watch,observe,notice,look at,hear,listen to,feel(感官动词后的不定式去掉to)
常用动词短语
1.have: have a cold\cough\fever\headache\pain have a great effect on
have a good time have a match\meeting\discussion had better do sth
have no choice but to do sth have a rest have on
2.make: make a promise make a decision make room for make sense make use of make a face make an effort to do sth make a living make up one’s mind to do sth make a mistake make a noise make a speech make an apology make it a rule
make it make into make…out of… make up
make of make from make a call
3.take: take a seat take a message for take an interest in
take off take on (a new look) take over take steps to do
take some measures to do sth take care take charge take part in
take place take the place of take turns to do sth take medicine
take up
4. go: go cold go hungry be gone go dad want a go
go skating\fishing\shopping\swimming go on doing sth go on to do sth go on with sth go down go well go head go out
go over go against go without go on a picnic go through
5.get: get down to doing sth get hurt\married\dressed\caught
get over get off get ready for get up get in get through get on well with get together get in to the habit of doing
get used to doing sth get rid of get tired of
6.put: put on put forward put off put out
put up put on weight put away put down
7.play: play an important part in play an important role in
play football play the piano
8.keep: keep back keep in touch with keep off keep out
keep one’s promise keep up keep up with keep sb from doing
keep on doing keep order
9.give: give away give out give off give up
give in give some advice on… give a talk on sth give first aid
10.come: come about come across come on come out
come to oneself come true come up
11.bring: bring down bring in bring up bring along
12.break: break down break out break away from
break up break into break off break in
13.turn: turn down turn to sb turn into turn off turn in turn over turn against turn away turn on
turn up turn out to…
14.look: look out look up look down upon look after
look at look for look around look over look as if
look forward to doing sth look back upon look into look on
15.do: do sb a favour do up do one’s hair do a good deed do wrong
㈤ 初中英语语法总结
语法是靠英语书中的句子中自己发现的。
学习语法没有太多诀窍,就是要多专练习,多做题目,做属得多了就自然而然的会了,这个网站里可以查询到专门练习语法的资料
http://www.bangmang.cn/site/englishAll.html
㈥ 英语语法(初中英语代词方面问题)
反身代词释义
反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词。它的基本含义是:通过反身代词指代主语,使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己。因此,反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系,在人称、性、数上保持一致。
如:
(1)A marked bee fed itself from the dish and returned to the hive.
一只做了标记的蜜蜂从盘中喂饱自己以后就飞回蜂箱了(itself 与 bee 在人称、性质、数上保持一致)
(2)In 1955 Walt Disney himself opened the first Disney park.
1955年,沃尔特.迪斯尼亲自创办了第一个迪斯尼公园。(himself 与 Walt Disney 在人称、性质、数上保持一致)
反身代词和人称代词作宾语时具有不同的含义。
如:
(3)He saw himself in the mirror.
他在镜子里看见了他自己。(himself 和 he 为同一人)
(4)He saw him in the mirror.
他在镜子里看见了他。(him 显然指另外一人)
[编辑本段]常见的反身代词列表:
I--myself you-- yourself your-- yourselves she--herself he
himself
we they it one
ourselves themselves itself oneself
[编辑本段]用法
1)做宾语
a. 有些动词需有反身代词
absent, bath, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introce, behave
We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我们昨晚玩得很开心。
Please help yourself to some fish. 请你随便吃点鱼。
b. 用于及物动词+宾语+介词
take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth.
I could not dress (myself) up at that time. 那个时候我不能打扮我自己。
注:有些动词后不跟反身代词, get up, sit-down, stand up, wake up等。
Please sit down. 请坐。
2) 作表语; 同位语
be oneself: I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服。
The thing itself is not important. 事情本身并不重要。
3) 在不强调的情况下,but, except, for 等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可。如:
No one but myself (me) is hurt.
[编辑本段]注意:
a. 反身代词本身不能单独作主语。
(错) Myself drove the car.
(对) I myself drove the car. 我自己开车。
b. 但在and, or, nor连接的并列主语中,第二个主语可用反身代词,特别是myself 作主语。
Charles and myself saw it.
5)第二人称作宾语,要用反身代词。
You should be proud of yourself. 你应为自己感到骄傲。
myself-第一人称单数,我自己
ourselves-第一人称复数,我们自己
yourself-第二人称单数,你自己
yourselves-第二人称复数,你们自己
himself/herself/itself-第三人称单数,他/她/它自己
1) 列表
数 单数 复数
人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一 人称 第二人称 第三人称
人称代词 I you he/she/it we you they
反身代词 myself yourself yourself/herself/himself ourselves yourselves themselves
另外:one的反身代词为oneself
2)做宾语
a. 有些动词需有反身代词,如absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introce, behave等。例如:
We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我们昨晚玩得很开心。
Please help yourself to some fish. 请你随便吃点鱼。
b. 用于及物动词+宾语+介词,如take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth等。例如:
I could not dress(myself)up at that time. 那个时候我不能打扮我自己。
注:有些动词后不跟反身代词,如:get up, sit-down, stand up, wake up等。例如:
Please sit down. 请坐。
3) 用作表语,如结构be oneself.例如:
I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服。
4) 用作同位语
The thing itself is not important. 事情本身并不重要。
5) 在不强调的情况下,but, except, for 等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可。如:No one but myself(me)is hurt.
注意:
a. 反身代词本身不能单独作主语。
(错) Myself drove the car.
(对) I myself drove the car. 我自己开车。
b. 但在and, or, nor连接的并列主语中,第二个主语可用反身代词,特别是myself 作主语。例如:
Charles and myself saw it. 查尔斯和我看见了这件事。
D.反身代词
定义 人称代词的宾格或所有格词尾加“-self,-selves”的代词称为反身代词(Reflexive Pronoun),亦称复合人称代词(Compound Personal Pronoun)。
反身代词的用法
(1)反身用法:及物动词的宾语即为主语本身的用法叫作反身用法。
例A:The old man killed himself last night.
(那个老人昨夜自杀了。)
例B:We enjoyed ourselves very much at the party last night.
(昨夜我们在宴会中过得很愉快。)
例C:Help yourselves,please.
(请各位不要客气。)
解说 如各例句所示,各反身代词都是指其主语本身。这种用法有些已成为惯用表达法(例B),例如:
例:He absented himself from school this morning.
(他今天早晨缺席,没有到学校。)
例:She seated herself by the window.
(她拣了窗边的一个座位坐下来。)
例:I was late this morning because I overslept myself.
(今天早晨我迟到是因为我睡过头了。)
例:Don't overeat yourself,or you'll get sick.
(不要暴食,否则你会生病的)
例:They dressed themselves up quickly and left the house.
(他们匆匆地穿好衣服后就出去了。)
(2)作介词的宾语用:也是属于反身用法。
例A:The door opened of itself.
(门自动地开了。)
例B:I like to travel by myself.
(我喜欢独自旅行。)
例C:She was beside herself with grief.
(她悲伤过度,神经失常了。)
解说 例A的“of itself”是表示无外力干予,即“自动”的意思。例B的“by myself”是表示无外人参加,即“独自”的意思。例C的“beside herself”是表示脱离她本来的自我,即“失常,发疯”的意思。
(3)表达强调
例:I myself heard him say so yesterday.
(我昨天亲自听他这么说的。)
例:she did it herself.(=She herself did it.)
(她自己做的。)
例:The story itself is not interesting.
(故事本身并不令人感到有趣
疑问代词
1) 疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个:
指 人: who, whom, whose
指 物: what
既可指人又可指物: which
2) 疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前,没有性和数的变化,除who之外也没有格的变化。what, which, whose还可作限定词。试比较:
疑问代词:Whose are these books on the desk?
桌上的书是谁的?
What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion?
美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的?
限定词: Whose books are these on the desk?
桌上的书是谁的?
What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States? 哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国?
说明1:
无论是做疑问代词还是限定词,which 和 what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的,而which则指在一定的范围内,例如:
Which girls do you like best?
你喜欢哪几个姑娘?
What girls do you like best?
你喜欢什么样的姑娘?
说明2:
Whom是who的宾格,在书面语中,它作动词宾语或介词宾语,在口语中作宾语时,可用who代替,但在介词后只能用whom, 例如:
Who(m) did you meet on the street?
你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语)
Who(m) are you taking the book to?
你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语,置句首)
To whom did you speak on the campus?
你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语,置介词 后,不能用who取代。)
说明3:
疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时,过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首,现代英语中,疑问代词在句首,介词在句未,例如:
For what do most people live and work?
大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(旧文体)
What are you looking for?
你在找什么?(现代英语)
说明4:
疑问代词还可引导名词性从句,例如:
I can't make out what he is driving at.
我不知道他用意何在。
Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?
你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗?
Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.
你说的我大部分同意,但并不完全赞同。
㈦ 初中七年级英语语法总结归纳
七年级下册英语语法点总结(1)
七年级下册英语语法点总结(1)
分类:英语学习
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
一.短语:
1 .be from = come from 来自于----
2. live in 居住在---
3. on weekends 在周末
4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信;写信给某人
5 .in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国
6.pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目
7.the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约
8.speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎
9.go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动
二.重点句式:
1 Where’s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三.本单元的国家,人民、语言对应。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where’s the post office?
一. Asking ways: (问路)
1. Where is (the nearest) ……? (最近的)……在哪里?
2. Can you tell me the way to ……? 你能告诉我去……的路吗?
3. How can I get to ……? 我怎样到达……呢?
4. Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……吗?
5. Which is the way to ……? 哪条是去……的路?
二.Showing the ways: (指路)
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。
3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。
5. You’d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。(You’d better+动词原形)
三.词组
1. across from …… 在……的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面
2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之间
between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间
among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
课室前面有棵树。
in the front of…… 在……(内)的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
课室内的前部有张桌子。
5. behind…… 在……后面 behind my house 在我家后面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右边 on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边
on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边 on my left 在我左边
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿着……(街道) down/along Center Street 沿着中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的开始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端
in the beginning 起初,一开始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心,过得愉快
我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐出租车
16. 到达:get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17.go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street 横过马路
go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林
18.on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三.重难点解析
1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣,喜爱做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。
到目前为止,我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy,都是要带 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子。
2.hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。
hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。
(从句即是一个小句子,这个小句子又放在大句子中,从属于大句子,所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句,它又放在I hope 的后面,形成句中有句。)
3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱,我就会去月球。
If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你饿了的话,你可以在超市买一些食物。
四.本单元的反义词、近义词配对
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?
一.重点词组
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute
play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals
at night in the day every day ring the day
二. 交际用语
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they’re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they’re kind of interesting.
3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.
4. What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too.
Why?
Because they’re friendly and clever.
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
6. She’s very shy.
7. He is from Australia.
8.He sleeps ring the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.
9.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10.Let’s see the pandas first.
11.They’re kind of interesting.
12.What other animals do you like?
13.Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重点难点释义
1、kind of 有点,稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞。
kind 还有“种类”的意思
如:各种各样的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中国 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是专有名词,首字母都应该大写,而且和介词in连用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的,和蔼可亲的
它是名词friend的形容词形式,常常和be动词连用, be friendly。
The people in Cheng are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意区别与and的用法,and通常用于连接主语或宾语,连接主语时,
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之后,如:
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…”
I often play with my pet dog.
Don’t play with water!
5、day和night 是一对反义词,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚。
通常说in the day, ring the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 叶子
复数形式为:leaves, 类似的变化还有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小时;点钟
hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”, 即:an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 来自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. (食用的)肉,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修
饰,即:much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即:much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 语法知识
特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头,对某一具体问题进行提问。
特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况:
1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如:
What’s your grandfather’s telephone number? 你爷爷的电话号码是多少?
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁?
Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节?
When is he going to play the piano? 他什么时候弹钢琴?
Where does he live? 他住在哪儿?
How are you? 你好吗?
How old are you? 你多大了?
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有几个兄弟姐妹?
2. 疑问句+陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如:
Who is on ty today?
今天谁值日?
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老师?
我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他?也是特殊疑问句,它是一种省略结构。
例如:
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜欢英语。你呢?
What about playing basketball? 打篮球怎么样?
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一.短语:
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物 / 把某物给某人
3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话
8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在医院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚报
二.重点句式及注意事项:
1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what;有三种主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
三. 本单元中的名词复数。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----