❶ 高中英语必修4的语法有哪些还有有哪些必背的词组
高中英语必修知识点讲解
必修4 Unit1 Women of achievement知识点讲解
重点词汇
1. achieve
【课文原句】She has achieved everything she wanted to do… (P3)
【名师点拨】achieve v. 意为“完成；达到”，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。其名词形式为achievement，意为“成就；功绩”，a sense of achievement可指“成就感”。如：
He had finally achieved success.
Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.
2. condition
【课文原句】She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and ecation. (P1)
【名师点拨】condition 意为“环境；境况；条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions；意为“状态；状况”时，是不可数名词，be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态”，be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。如：
We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions.
The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.
My car is old but in good condition.
He is overweight and out of condition.
【知识拓展】condition意为“条件”时，常用短语on condition that，表示“如果；在……条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用under the condition that。如：
I will come on condition that Peter is invited.
They agreed under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.
3. devote
【课文原句】She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. (P1)
【名师点拨】devote vt. 意为“投入于；献身”，其宾语后常与介词to搭配，to后接名词、代词或动名词。devote … to … 意为“献身；致力于”，指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。如：
He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.
The girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance.
After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.
4. behave
【课文原句】Jane has studied these animals for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. (P2)
【名师点拨】behave vi & vt. 意为“举动；举止；行为表现”，如behave well / badly等。其名词形式为behaviour，指“行为；态度；举止”。如：
The parents encouraged the children to behave well in front of the guests.
My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired.
Everyone praises the children's good behaviour.
5. worthwhile
【课文原句】But the evening makes it all worthwhile. (P2)
【名师点拨】worthwhile adj.意为“值得做的；值得出力的”，可作表语或定语。be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示“值得做……”，在动词-ing形式的结构中，worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth，特别是在表示“值得花时间”这一概念时。如：
I think teaching school is always a worthwhile job.
The book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth reading.
6. observe
【课文原句】Jane spent many years observing and recording their daily activities. (P2)
【名师点拨】observe vt. 意为“观察；观测；遵守”，可用observe sb do sth，observe + that从句。其名词形式为observation。如：
I observed the man who murdered the boy enter the shop.
He observed that we should probably have rain.
Most information was collected by direct observation of the animals’ behaviour.
7. argue
【课文原句】She has argued for them to be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. (P2)
【名师点拨】argue作动词时，意为“争论；争吵；争辩”。argue for意为“为……辩护”；argue with sb about / over sth指“就某事和某人争论”；argue against意为“据理反对；争辩……”。如：
It is no use arguing for the plan because it has been rejected.
We are always arguing with each other about money.
Father argued fiercely against any increase in expenditure for the children’s annual party.
【知识拓展】argue的名词形式为argument，意为“争论；争端；论证”，常构成短语settle an argument指“解决争端”。
9. care for
【课文原句】It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies by following some rules for keeping babies clean and healthy. (P6)
【名师点拨】care for可以表示look after的意思，意为“照顾；照料”，且较正式；也可表示“喜欢”的意思。如：
His son cared for him when he was ill.
In fact, I don’t really care for basketball.
另外，在上面的句子中，explain意为“解释，说明”，后可接名词、代词、从句或wh + to do作宾语，可用explain sth to sb或explain to sb sth。如：
Will you explain to us how we can finish the work as soon as possible?
【知识拓展】care about意为“介意；在乎”，表示是否认为某事是重要的，某事是否引起了某人的兴趣或使其忧虑。最常用于疑问句或否定句中。about用在宾语前面，但是在连词前面一般省掉。
I don’t care about your opinion.
I don’t care whether it rains — I’m happy.
10. intend
【课文原句】I looked carefully at the text and realised that it was intended for women who lived in the countryside. (P6)
【名师点拨】intend v. 意为“打算；计划；想要”。intend to do sth意为“想干某事”；intend后也可以接动词-ing形式或that从句。intend for表示“原打算给某人；准备让……干……”。如：
I intended to come to your house last night but it rained.
I intend coming / to come back soon.
He hadn’t really intended that they should be there.
This gift is intended for you.
热点语法
主谓一致用法难点小结：
一、集合名词作主语时的主谓一致。
1. 集合名词有family, team, group, party, class, public, club, crew, crowd, enemy, audience, company, committee, government, population等，当被看作一个整体时，表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式；如果这些集合名词指其中的每个成员，表示复数意义，谓语动词则用复数形式。即谓语动词的单复数要与主语的含义相一致。如：
My class is a big one, including thirty boys and thirty girls.
My class are working hard for the coming exam.
2. 有些集合名词作主语时，谓语只能用复数形式，如：people, the police, the military, mankind, cattle等。如：
The police are searching for the lost child.
二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致。
不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, nothing, each, the other等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Everything goes well with me.
Each of the students in our class has an English-Chinese dictionary.
三、“名词＋名词”作主语时的主谓一致。
当表示同一人物或观点时，谓语动词用单数。如：A novelist and playwright is coming to our school. 这里表示“一位小说家兼剧作家”，是同一个人，所以谓语动词用单数。
如果是A novelist and a playwright作主语，这时表示“一位小说家和一位剧作家”，是两个人，所以谓语动词用复数，该句应改为：A novelist and a playwright are coming to our school.
四、The ＋ adj.作主语时的主谓一致。
当The ＋ adj.表示抽象的含义时，谓语动词用单数。如：The beautiful is the true.
当The ＋ adj.表示该类全体的含义时，谓语动词用复数。如：The rich should help the poor.
必修4 Unit 2 Working the land 知识点讲解
Unit2 Working the land
Phrases and Idioms
1. be satisfied (with): pleased because you have got what you want
1) Jane isn't quite satisfied with the way the barber cut her hair.
2) If you are not completely satisfied, you can get your money back.
3) I am not really satisfied with the job you did.
2. refer to : a) mention or speak about someone or something
b) to look at a hook map, piece of paper, etc, for information
1) We agreed never to refer to the matter again.
2) Although she didn't mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring to.
3) He gave the speech without referring to his notes even once.
3. would rather: used to say what someone prefers
1) It seems you would rather play than work.
2)She would rather die than lose the children.
3) I would rather starve than be dependent on anyone again.
4. thanks to sb/ sth : because of sb./ sth.
1) I was late thanks to the heavy traffic.
2) It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.
3) We've collected $50,000 for the poor, thanks to the generosity of the public.
5. rid of sb/sth: become free of
1) Will science- finally rid us of this disease?
2) Do you think it possible to rid the world of nuclear weapons?
3) By working hard day and night, she is trying to rid herself of loneliness and sadness.
6. lead a ...life: live in the way what you life is like
1) Before liberation, my grandpa led a dog's life.
2) If the operation succeeds, the patient will be able to lead a normal life.
3) Mrs. Black is retired and leads a quiet and peaceful life in a mountain village.
7. care about: love; be interested in; be concerned with
1) Just listening to somebody shows you care about them.
2) Your parents are only doing this because they care about you.
3) The only thing this rich- and greedy man seems to care about is money.
8. insist on sth/doing sth: to demand that something must be done or that you must have a particular thing
1) The school insists on good behaviour from its students.
2) John insisted on doing all the work himself, though he was in poor health.
3) The old man insisted on helping me find a taxi even though I told him I didn't need any help.
必修4 Unit3 A taste of humor 知识点讲解
Unit3重点汇集
1. content
【课文原句】Perhaps it makes us feel more content with our life because we feel there is someone else worse off than ourselves. (P17)
【名师点拨】content adj.意为“满足的；满意的”，be content to do意为“乐意去做某事”；be content with sb / sth意为“对某人或某事感到满意”，相当于be pleased with或be satisfied with。如：
I’m content to help you to set up a website on the Internet.
Those who are not content with the progress they have made will have greater success.
注：worse off是badly off的比较级，意思是“境况比……更差”；better off意为“境况比……好”。如：
To my surprise, I found his living conditions were much worse off than mine.
With the development of economy, more and more people are better off.
【知识拓展】content还可作动词，意为“使满足”；作名词时，表示“满足；心满意足”，也可表示“（书、报纸等的）内容；目录；含量”。如：
My explanation seemed to content him.
Now she began to live in peace and content.
We've discussed the unusual form of the book — now, what about the content?
❷ 高一必修四的英语知识点
高一英语必修4 各单元语言重点归纳
Unit1 Women of achievement
重要词汇拓展
1 achievement n.成就，功绩→achieve v.达到，完成，实现
2 welfare n 福利事业，福利
3. project n.方案, 计划,, 设计，工程, 企业, 事业，科研项目; 课外自修项目
vi. ①伸出, 突出 ②设想自已处身于(into)
4. specialist n.专家，专业工作者→special adj.特殊的，专门的→specialize vi.专攻，专门从事
5. connection n.连接，关系→connect v.连接
6 campaign n.运动，战役 v.作战，参加运动
7.organization-n 组织，机构，团体 organize—vt.组织;筹备, 成立; 使加入工会，使有条理
8.behave v.举止，表现→behavior n.行为，举止
9. shade n.阴凉处 v.遮住光线
10. worthwhile adj.值得的，值得做的→worth adj.值……，值得……→worthy adj.值得做的，可尊敬的
11. observe v.观察，观测，遵守→observation n.观察，观测
12. respect v./n.尊敬，尊重，敬意→respectable adj.值得尊敬的，正派的，体面地→respectful adj.有礼貌的，恭敬的
13. argue .v.争论，辩论→argument n.争论，辩论 argued-adj 引起争论的
14.entertainment-n 款待，娱乐 entertain-v 款待；招待，娱乐，抱有，怀着（想法、疑问）
15. crowd n.人群，观众 v.挤满，使拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的
16. inspire v.鼓舞，激发→inspired adj.受到鼓舞的，有灵感的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人的→inspiration n.鼓舞，灵感
17 support v.支持，拥护→supporter n.支持者，拥护者
18.refer-vi 谈到，查阅，参考
19.intend v.计划，打算→intention n.打算，目的，意图
20.considerate adj.考虑周到的→consider v.考虑，认为→consideration n考虑，体谅→considering prep考虑到
21.kind –adj 仁慈的，和善的，友爱的kindness –n 仁慈，好意，善良
22.deliver v.递送，生（小孩），接生，发表（演讲等）→delivery n.投递，交货，分娩
23.modest –adj 谦虚的，谦让的，适度的
重点短语梳理
1 devote…to 把……奉献给
2 human beings 人类
3 move off 离开，启程，出发
4 lead a…life 过着……的生活
5 crowd in 涌上心头，涌入脑海
6 look down on/ upon 蔑视，瞧不起
7 refer to 查阅，参考，谈到
8 by chance 碰巧，凑巧
9 come across 偶遇，碰见
10 carry on 继续，坚持
11．dress in 穿着… dress as 打扮成…
12.fight for 为….而战
13.put to death判死刑
14. concern oneself with…关注… 注意…
15.devote one’s life to 把生命献给…
16. in the shade of 在…的树荫下，在…的庇护下
17.gain doctor’s degree 获得博士学位
18. be considered as 被看做….
19.take turns to do sth 采取步骤做某事
20.do research on… 做…方面的研究
21．Be placed second to 位于次要位置，仅次于…
22. by now 直到现在
重点句型再现
1 She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.
她花去多年的时间观察和记录它们的日常活动。
2 Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.
她的母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙；这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
3 She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisement.
她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不能用于娱乐或广告。
4.It seem that she had been very busy in her chosen carrer travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles 看起来他忙于所选择的和写作一样的到国外研究。
5.Further reading made me realise that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.
进一步阅读使我了解到，时苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进医学院的大门。
Units 2 Working the land
重要词汇拓展
1 sunburn v.日晒，晒黑→sunburnt adj.晒黑的
2 struggle v./n.挣扎，奋斗，努力
3 decade n.十年，十年期
4 super n.冗员, 额外人员; [口]特级品, 特大号商品; 超级市场adj特级的, 极好的, 非凡的
5. hunger n.饥饿，渴望/v.使饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的；渴望的
6.output-n 产量，输出，input 输入，消费
7.disturbing –adj 引起烦恼的，令人不安的，disturb-v 打扰，麻烦
8.expand-vt.扩大, 扩展,张开, 使发, 详谈; 引伸
9-circulate v.循环，流通→circulation n.循环，流传
10. battle n.战役，战斗 v.搏斗，奋斗
11. therefore adv.因此，所以
12. rid vt 摆脱，除去
13.freedom –n 自由，自主 free –adj 自由的，免费的
14.equip v.配备，装备→equipment n.设备
15. export v.输出，出口 n.输出（品）→import v.输入，进口 n.进口（品）
16.nationality-n 国籍，national –adj 国家的，民族的 nation-n 国家
17.occupation-n 工作，职业，占领 occupy-v占用，使从事，把注意力集中于...占领, 占据
18.confuse v.使迷惑，使为难→confused adj.感到迷惑的 confusing adj.令人迷惑的
19 regret v./n.后悔，遗憾→regretful adj.后悔的，遗憾的
20.proction-n生产，制造，proctive 可生产的，可制造的，proce –v 生产，制造
21.discovery-n 发现，发觉，discover-v 发现，
22.focus –v 集中，聚焦，n 焦点，中心点
23. rece v.减少，缩减→rection n.减少，缩减
24 comment n./v.评论，议论
重点短语梳理
1 if not 如果不…. If so 如果这样，
2.consider oneself sth 自认为是… considered sb sth 认为某人是…
3.since then 从那时起
4.search for a way to do sth 寻找做某事的途径。
5.thanks to 幸亏，由于，因为
6.rid…of… 摆脱，除去 get rid of 除去…
7. be satisfied with 对……感到满意
8 would rather 宁愿，宁可
9with the hope of 满怀希望..
10.get r build up 逐渐增强，建立，开发
11.cause damage to 对… 造成危害。
12.build up 增强，强大
13. lead to 导致，造成
14. focus on 集中（注意力、精力等）于
15. keep…from/of 使……免受（影响、伤害等）；使……不含（有害物
重点句型再现
1 Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.
袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
2 The special strain of rice makes it possible to proce one-third more of the crop in the same field.
这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。
3 Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.
袁博士要在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求达到增收稻谷的途径。
4 Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life.袁博士对生活非常满足。
5. It’s a great pity that 很遗憾的是….
6.for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.在过去的5年里，他为他们而战。
7.Using his hybrid rice ，farmers are procing harvest twice as large as before由于使用了他的杂质水稻，农民的丰收是以前的两倍。
Unit 3 A taste of English humour
重要词汇拓展
1 humour n.幽默→humorous adj.幽默的
2 content adj.满足的，满意的 n.满足；内容 v.使满足→contented/satisfied（同义词）
3 performer n.表演者，演出者→perform v.表演；做，履行，执行→performance n.表演，履行，成绩
4 astonish v.使惊讶→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishment n.惊讶
5 fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune v.幸运，运气 unfortunate adj.不幸的→fortunately adv.幸运地unfortunately adv.不幸地
6 depressed adj.忧伤的,抑郁的,消沉的，萧条的depress-v使消沉, 使沮丧, 愁苦，使贬值,
7.ordinary adj.平常的，普通的
8.bored adj.厌烦的→bore v.使厌烦→boring adj.令人厌烦的
9.entertain v.使欢乐，款待→entertaining adj.愉快的，有趣的→entertainment n.款待；娱乐，消遣
10. throughout prep.遍及，贯穿adv.到处，始终，全部
11.homeless-adj 无家可归的，
12.worn-adj 用旧的，用坏的，破烂的 wear 穿戴
13. overcome v.战胜，克服
14. convince v.使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.相信的，信服的
15. direct v.导演，指示，指挥 adj.直的，直接的→director n.导演，指挥→directly adv.直地，直接地→direction n.指导，方向
16.enjoyment –n享乐，欢乐，乐趣
17.outstanding adj.突出的，杰出的，显著的
18.particular adj.特殊的，特别的→particularly adv.特殊地，特别地
19 occasion n.时刻，场合→occasional adj.偶尔的，临时的→occasionally adv.偶尔地，有时地
20. slide v./n.滑动，滑行
21.amuse v.使发笑，使愉快→amused adj.愉快的→amusing adj.逗人发笑的，令人愉快的→amusement n.愉快，快乐
22. whisper v./n.耳语，低声说
23、react v.做出反应，回应→reaction n.反应，回应
重点短语梳理
1．Break into 闯入，进入
2．up to now 直到现在
3．brighten the lives of 照亮某人的生活道路
4．feel/be content with 对……满足
5．badly off 穷的，缺少的
6．In search of 寻找….
7．pick out 挑选出，辨认出
8．on the edge of 在…边沿
9．cut off 切断，断绝
10．In silence沉默，不作声
11. make use of 使用
12.be angry about 对…很生气
13.star in 担任主角，主演
重点句型再现
1 He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives.
在人们感到沮丧的时候，卓别林使他们开怀大笑，于是人们对自己的生活感到比较满足。
2 No one was ever bored watching him—his subtle acting made everything entertaining.
看他的表演没有人会感到无聊——他巧妙的表演使得一切都那么滑稽可笑。
3 Instead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountian ring a snowstorm with nothing to eat.
相反，他们被暴风雪困在山边的一个小木屋中，没有任何东西可吃。
Unit4 Body language
重要词汇拓展
1. statement; n. 陈述；说明 state-vt. 陈述；叙述；声明
2.greet-v问候，迎接，打招呼greeting –n敬礼，致意 greetings 问候语，致词
3.represent-v.代表，象征representative -n. 代表
4.. association; n. 社团；联系；联想associate;vt. 使发生联系, 使联合adj. associated联合的, 关联的
5. curious adj. 好奇的curiously adv. 好奇地
6.dormitory –n 宿舍
7. approach; vi.&vt.接近；靠近 n.接近；方法；途径. approachable -adj. 可到达的；可亲近的
8. defend -vt. 保护；保卫 defense- n. 防卫；防卫设备；防御
9. major--adj. 主要的minor --adj. 较小的；次要的
10．dash-v 猛冲，突进.
11.misunderstand -vt. 误解；误会misunderstanding -n. 误解；误会
understanding --n. 谅解, 理解
12.alt-n成人，成年人 adj 成人的，成熟的
13. spoken- adj. 口语的 unspoken-adj. 非口语的；未说出口的
14. function-n 作用，动能，只能 v-起作用，运转
15.likely-- adj. 可能的
16.false—adj 错误的，假的 true 真的，正确的
17.ease--n. 安逸；舒适vt.减轻（痛苦；忧虑）easeful--adj.舒适的, 安逸的
18. truly-- adv. 真实地；真诚地；真正地true--adj. 真实的, 真正的
19. anger- n. 怒气；怒火 angry-- adj. 生气的重要词汇拓展答案
重点短语梳理
1. defend against保卫…以免受
2.intruce sb to sb 向某人介绍某人
3.kiss sb on some part亲吻某人的某个部位
4.in defence 防御，保障
5.together with 与某人一起
6.be likely to 很可能…；有希望…
7.reach one’s hand out to sth 把手伸出来取某物
8.on the contrary 相反
9.nod at sb 向某人点头
10.greet sb with/by 通过…向某人问候
11.express one’s feelings表达某人的感情
12. in general 总的来说；通常
13.at a job fair 在求职会上
14.be nervous about 对… 感到紧张
15. at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在
16. lose face丢脸
17.turn one’s back to 背对；背弃
18.turn one’s head away 把头转过去
19.be willing to 渴望…. , 愿意….
20. look upset about sth 对.. 感到沮丧
重点句型再现
1. I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.
我看见几个年轻人走进了等候区，好奇地向四周张望。
2. The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.
第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼•加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的茱莉亚•史密斯。
3. She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defense.
她后退了几步，看上去有些吃惊，并举起了手，好像是在自卫。
4. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, Nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.
各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距的程度也不尽相同。
5. We can often be wrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we understand each other as well as we do.
尽管我们常常会彼此误解，但我们仍能做到彼此理解，这真是件令人惊奇的事。
Unit 5 Theme parks
重要词汇拓展
1central- adj. 中心的；中央的 centre- n. 中心；中央
2. various- adj. 不同的；各种各样的 variety- n. 多样性；（植物）品种 vary-v使..多样化
3.whichever-pron 无论哪一个，任何一个
4.fantasy-- n. 幻想；怪念头fantastic adj. 奇异的；稀奇古怪的fantast n. 幻想家；
5.amusement-. n. 消遣；娱乐（活动）amuse-vt.使发笑；使愉快amused--adj. 愉快的,
6.swing-- n. 秋千；摇摆 vt.&vi.(swung, swung) 摇摆；摆动
7.attaction_ n. 有吸引力的事物；吸引attract-vt.吸引 attractive- adj. 吸引人的
8.tourism--n. 旅游业 tourist- n. 旅行者, 旅游者
9.whereever-pron 无论是什么地方，各处
10.unique-- adj. 独一无二的；仅有的uniquely--adv. 独特地；唯一地
11.engine—引擎，发动机
12.preserve-vt 保存，保留 n保护区 presevation-n保护，保留
13.length-n 长度，长，long-adj 长的
14. sword-n 剑
15.settle-v 定居，安顿下来 settler-n 移民者，殖民者
16.athletic--adj. 运动的athlete- n. 运动员；运动选手 –athletics- n.体育(运动);
17.translator-n. 译员；翻译translate; vt. 翻译; translation n. 翻译；译文
18. minority;-n. 少数；少数民族minor adj. 较小的；次要的majority n. 多数；
19. advance; vt.&vi. 前进；促进；提前advanced--adj. 高级的；年老的；先进的
20. admission -n. 允许进入；入场费admit vt.承认；容许；承认；接纳
21．Freeway 高速公路
22. souvenir纪念品
重点短语梳理
1. be famous for 以…而闻名
2. no wonder （that）难怪；不足为奇
3. be modeled after 根据…模仿；仿造
4. in advance 提前
5. get close to 接近
6. come to life 活跃起来
7.be familiar with 熟悉，熟知
8. make available for 使….可供…之用。
重点句型再现
1. Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you!
不论你喜欢哪个，喜欢什么，总会有适合你的主题公园。
2. With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland.
有这么多引人入胜的东西，难怪哪里有迪斯尼乐园，哪里的旅游业就会发展。
3. To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England, come to Camelot Park!
想进入古英格兰的梦幻世界吗？那就来卡默洛特公园吧！
4. Futuroscope is not onlyfor indivials, but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings.
“观测未来”不仅仅适合个人（旅游），也适合学生全班出游，因为它是娱乐和学习完美的结合。
5. If driving, Futuroscope is within easy reach of the freeway.如果开车，“观测未来”就在高速公路附近。
❸ 高中英语必修一到必修四有哪些语法知识点，详细归纳一下，谢谢
必修一到必修四的主要语法有：定语从句、时态语态、名词性从句、情态动词、非谓语和构词法。
每个单元具体语法如下：
必修一
Unit 1 Friendship 直接引语和间接引语（1）陈述句和疑问句
Unit2 English around the world 直接引语和间接引语（2）请求与命令
Unit 3 Travel Journal 现在进行时表将来
Unit 4 Earthquake 定语从句（1）（that，which，who，和whose）
Unit5 Nelson Mandela 定语从句（关系代词和关系副词）
必修二
Unit 1 Cultural relics 定语从句（限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句）
Unit 2 The Olympic Games 一般将来时的被动语态的结构与用法
Unit3 Computers 现在完成时的被动语态的结构与用法
Unit4 Wildlife Protection 现在进行时的被动语态的结构与用法
Unit5 Music 定语从句（介词+which）
必修三
Unit1 Festivals around the world 情态动词(1)
Unit2 Healthy Eating 情态动词（2）
Unit3 The million pound bank-note 宾语从句和表语从句
Unit4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 主语从句
Unit5 Canada-“The true North” 同位语从句
必修四
Unit1 Women of achievement 主谓一致
Unit2 Working the land 动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语
Unit3 A taste of English humour 动词的-ing形式作表语定语和宾语补足语
Unit4 Body language 动词的-ing形式作定语和状语
Unit5 Theme Parks 构词法
有帮助的话采纳下哈O(∩_∩)O~
❹ 高中英语必修4知识点
高中英语必修4知识点讲解
必修4 Unit1 Women of achievement知识点讲解
重点词汇
1. achieve
【课文原句】She has achieved everything she wanted to do… (P3)
【名师点拨】achieve v. 意为“完成；达到”，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。其名词形式为achievement，意为“成就；功绩”，a sense of achievement可指“成就感”。如：
He had finally achieved success.
Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.
2. condition
【课文原句】She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and ecation. (P1)
【名师点拨】condition 意为“环境；境况；条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions；意为“状态；状况”时，是不可数名词，be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态”，be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。如：
We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions.
The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.
My car is old but in good condition.
He is overweight and out of condition.
【知识拓展】condition意为“条件”时，常用短语on condition that，表示“如果；在……条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用under the condition that。如：
I will come on condition that Peter is invited.
They agreed under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.
3. devote
【课文原句】She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. (P1)
【名师点拨】devote vt. 意为“投入于；献身”，其宾语后常与介词to搭配，to后接名词、代词或动名词。devote … to … 意为“献身；致力于”，指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。如：
He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.
The girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance.
After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.
4. behave
【课文原句】Jane has studied these animals for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. (P2)
【名师点拨】behave vi & vt. 意为“举动；举止；行为表现”，如behave well / badly等。其名词形式为behaviour，指“行为；态度；举止”。如：
The parents encouraged the children to behave well in front of the guests.
My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired.
Everyone praises the children's good behaviour.
5. worthwhile
【课文原句】But the evening makes it all worthwhile. (P2)
【名师点拨】worthwhile adj.意为“值得做的；值得出力的”，可作表语或定语。be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示“值得做……”，在动词-ing形式的结构中，worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth，特别是在表示“值得花时间”这一概念时。如：
I think teaching school is always a worthwhile job.
The book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth reading.
6. observe
【课文原句】Jane spent many years observing and recording their daily activities. (P2)
【名师点拨】observe vt. 意为“观察；观测；遵守”，可用observe sb do sth，observe + that从句。其名词形式为observation。如：
I observed the man who murdered the boy enter the shop.
He observed that we should probably have rain.
Most information was collected by direct observation of the animals’ behaviour.
7. argue
【课文原句】She has argued for them to be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. (P2)
【名师点拨】argue作动词时，意为“争论；争吵；争辩”。argue for意为“为……辩护”；argue with sb about / over sth指“就某事和某人争论”；argue against意为“据理反对；争辩……”。如：
It is no use arguing for the plan because it has been rejected.
We are always arguing with each other about money.
Father argued fiercely against any increase in expenditure for the children’s annual party.
【知识拓展】argue的名词形式为argument，意为“争论；争端；论证”，常构成短语settle an argument指“解决争端”。
9. care for
【课文原句】It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies by following some rules for keeping babies clean and healthy. (P6)
【名师点拨】care for可以表示look after的意思，意为“照顾；照料”，且较正式；也可表示“喜欢”的意思。如：
His son cared for him when he was ill.
In fact, I don’t really care for basketball.
另外，在上面的句子中，explain意为“解释，说明”，后可接名词、代词、从句或wh + to do作宾语，可用explain sth to sb或explain to sb sth。如：
Will you explain to us how we can finish the work as soon as possible?
【知识拓展】care about意为“介意；在乎”，表示是否认为某事是重要的，某事是否引起了某人的兴趣或使其忧虑。最常用于疑问句或否定句中。about用在宾语前面，但是在连词前面一般省掉。
I don’t care about your opinion.
I don’t care whether it rains — I’m happy.
10. intend
【课文原句】I looked carefully at the text and realised that it was intended for women who lived in the countryside. (P6)
【名师点拨】intend v. 意为“打算；计划；想要”。intend to do sth意为“想干某事”；intend后也可以接动词-ing形式或that从句。intend for表示“原打算给某人；准备让……干……”。如：
I intended to come to your house last night but it rained.
I intend coming / to come back soon.
He hadn’t really intended that they should be there.
This gift is intended for you.
热点语法
主谓一致用法难点小结：
一、集合名词作主语时的主谓一致。
1. 集合名词有family, team, group, party, class, public, club, crew, crowd, enemy, audience, company, committee, government, population等，当被看作一个整体时，表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式；如果这些集合名词指其中的每个成员，表示复数意义，谓语动词则用复数形式。即谓语动词的单复数要与主语的含义相一致。如：
My class is a big one, including thirty boys and thirty girls.
My class are working hard for the coming exam.
2. 有些集合名词作主语时，谓语只能用复数形式，如：people, the police, the military, mankind, cattle等。如：
The police are searching for the lost child.
二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致。
不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, nothing, each, the other等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Everything goes well with me.
Each of the students in our class has an English-Chinese dictionary.
三、“名词＋名词”作主语时的主谓一致。
当表示同一人物或观点时，谓语动词用单数。如：A novelist and playwright is coming to our school. 这里表示“一位小说家兼剧作家”，是同一个人，所以谓语动词用单数。
如果是A novelist and a playwright作主语，这时表示“一位小说家和一位剧作家”，是两个人，所以谓语动词用复数，该句应改为：A novelist and a playwright are coming to our school.
四、The ＋ adj.作主语时的主谓一致。
当The ＋ adj.表示抽象的含义时，谓语动词用单数。如：The beautiful is the true.
当The ＋ adj.表示该类全体的含义时，谓语动词用复数。如：The rich should help the poor.
必修4 Unit 2 Working the land 知识点讲解
Unit2 Working the land
Phrases and Idioms
1. be satisfied (with): pleased because you have got what you want
1) Jane isn't quite satisfied with the way the barber cut her hair.
2) If you are not completely satisfied, you can get your money back.
3) I am not really satisfied with the job you did.
2. refer to : a) mention or speak about someone or something
b) to look at a hook map, piece of paper, etc, for information
1) We agreed never to refer to the matter again.
2) Although she didn't mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring to.
3) He gave the speech without referring to his notes even once.
3. would rather: used to say what someone prefers
1) It seems you would rather play than work.
2)She would rather die than lose the children.
3) I would rather starve than be dependent on anyone again.
4. thanks to sb/ sth : because of sb./ sth.
1) I was late thanks to the heavy traffic.
2) It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.
3) We've collected $50,000 for the poor, thanks to the generosity of the public.
5. rid of sb/sth: become free of
1) Will science- finally rid us of this disease?
2) Do you think it possible to rid the world of nuclear weapons?
3) By working hard day and night, she is trying to rid herself of loneliness and sadness.
6. lead a ...life: live in the way what you life is like
1) Before liberation, my grandpa led a dog's life.
2) If the operation succeeds, the patient will be able to lead a normal life.
3) Mrs. Black is retired and leads a quiet and peaceful life in a mountain village.
7. care about: love; be interested in; be concerned with
1) Just listening to somebody shows you care about them.
2) Your parents are only doing this because they care about you.
3) The only thing this rich- and greedy man seems to care about is money.
8. insist on sth/doing sth: to demand that something must be done or that you must have a particular thing
1) The school insists on good behaviour from its students.
2) John insisted on doing all the work himself, though he was in poor health.
3) The old man insisted on helping me find a taxi even though I told him I didn't need any help.
必修4 Unit3 A taste of humor 知识点讲解
Unit3重点汇集
1. content
【课文原句】Perhaps it makes us feel more content with our life because we feel there is someone else worse off than ourselves. (P17)
【名师点拨】content adj.意为“满足的；满意的”，be content to do意为“乐意去做某事”；be content with sb / sth意为“对某人或某事感到满意”，相当于be pleased with或be satisfied with。如：
I’m content to help you to set up a website on the Internet.
Those who are not content with the progress they have made will have greater success.
注：worse off是badly off的比较级，意思是“境况比……更差”；better off意为“境况比……好”。如：
To my surprise, I found his living conditions were much worse off than mine.
With the development of economy, more and more people are better off.
【知识拓展】content还可作动词，意为“使满足”；作名词时，表示“满足；心满意足”，也可表示“（书、报纸等的）内容；目录；含量”。如：
My explanation seemed to content him.
Now she began to live in peace and content.
We've discussed the unusual form of the book — now, what about the content?
❺ 高中英语必修4语法详解
非谓语动词
一、动词不定式 动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以担任主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式仍保留动词的一些特点。 （一）动词不定式的特征及用法 1.动词不定式的构成及特征 “to +动词原形”构成动词不定式，是一种非谓语形式，在句子中不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。 2.动词不定式的用法 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。 作主语 动词不定式作主语时，往往用it作形式主语，这种句型可归纳为下面的句型： It is + adj.+ 动词不定式 如果要说明不定式的动作执行者，可以用for It is + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 作表语 My wish is to become a teacher. 作宾语 Most of us like to watch football matches. 作宾语补足语 He told me to be here on time. 作定语 I have nothing to say about that thing. 作状语 He stopped to have a look. 3.动词不定式的否定形式 动词不定式的否定形式not + to + 动词原形 4.动词不定式与疑问词连用 疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等后面可以接动词不定式，构成动词不定式短语，可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。（二）动词不定式的时态和被动形式 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种： 一般式to do. 完成被动式to have been done 二、分词 分词是动词非谓语形式的一种，包括现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示：主动，动作正在进行。过去分词表示：被动，动作已经完成。 （一）分词的作用 分词在句中可以作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语。分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，否则分词前面必须有自己的主语。 （二）分词的时态 现在分词分一般式和完成式，而过去分词则没有时态形式的变化。 现在分词的一般式表示动作与谓语动词同时发生，或在谓语动词之前发生。现在分词的完成时，表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。常用作状语。（三）现在分词的被动式 被动一般式 being done 被动完成式 having been done This is one of the new supermarkets being built in our city. Having been told many times, he was able to operate the machine. （四）分词的否定形式 分词的否定式，由not+分词构成，（五）分词独立主格结构 当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，带逻辑主语的分词短语成为独立主格结构，在句法功能上起状语作用。三、动名词 动名词是动词非谓语形式的一种,由动词加ing构成。动名词既有动词特征，也有名词特征。 动名词在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语和定语. 动名词的否定形式由not +动名词构成。 动名词的复合结构由名词所有格或物主代词加上动名词构成。 动名词的一般式，表示的动作可以与谓语动词同时发生或在前，或在后。 动名词的完成式表示在谓语动词之前完成的动作。
❻ 高中英语人教版必修四重点短语及语法，急急急！！
短语在网址里有个文档，你可以下载下来：http://wenku..com/view/d5b4b3fcf705cc175527096d.html。
语法方面现在这个网页版可以帮助到你：http://..com/question/165222377.html。
不懂就多问权吧，祝你一切顺利！
❼ 高一英语必修四语法总结（外研社版）
您好, 高一英语必修四语法总结(外研社)
高一英语必修4
重要词汇拓展
1 achievement n.成就，功绩→ v.达到，完成，实现
2 welfare n 福利事业，福利
3. project n.方案, 计划,, 设计，工程, 企业, 事业，科研项目; 课外自修项目
vi. ①伸出, 突出 ②设想自已处身于(into)
4. specialist n.专家，专业工作者→special adj.特殊的，专门的→specialize vi.专攻，专门从事
5. connection n.连接，关系→connect v.连接
6. condition n. 状况（不可数），条件（可数），环境（复数）on no condition 决不
7.organization n.组织，机构，团体 organize—vt.组织;筹备, 成立; 使加入工会，使有条理
8.behave v.举止，表现→behavior n.行为，举止
9. shade n.阴凉处 v.遮住光线
10.▲ worthwhile adj.值得的，值得做的 It is worthwhile doing sth./ to do sth.
worth adj.值……，值得…… be worth doing
worthy adj.值得做的，可尊敬的 be worthy of sth/ being done be worthy to be done
11. observe v.观察，观测，遵守→observation n.观察，观测
12. respect v./n.尊敬，尊重，敬意→respectable adj.值得尊敬的，正派的，体面地→respectful adj.有礼貌的，恭敬的
13. argue .v.争论，辩论→argument n.争论，辩论 argued-adj 引起争论的
14.entertainment-n 款待，娱乐 entertain-v 款待；招待，娱乐，抱有，怀着（想法、疑问）
15. crowd n.人群，观众 v.挤满，使拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的
16. inspire v.鼓舞，激发→inspired adj.受到鼓舞的，有灵感的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人的→inspiration n.鼓舞，灵感
17 support v.支持，拥护→supporter n.支持者，拥护者
18.refer-vi 谈到，查阅，参考
19.intend v.计划，打算→intention n.打算，目的，意图
20.considerate adj.考虑周到的→consider v.考虑，认为
→consideration n考虑，体谅→considering prep考虑到
21.kind adj 仁慈的，和善的，友爱的kindness –n 仁慈，好意，善良
22.deliver v.递送，生（小孩），接生，发表（演讲等）→delivery n.投递，交货，分娩
23.modest adj 谦虚的，谦让的，适度的
重点短语梳理
1 devote…to (doing) sth.把…奉献给devote oneself to致力于，献身于 be devoted to专心致志于
2 human beings 人类
3 move off 离开，启程，出发
4 lead a…life 过着……的生活
5 crowd in 涌上心头，涌入脑海
6 look down on/ upon 蔑视，瞧不起
7 refer to 查阅，参考，谈到 (其中，to为介词)
8 by chance 碰巧，凑巧
9. come across 偶遇，碰见
10. carry on 继续，坚持 carry out 实行，执行，完成
11. be dressed in 穿着… dress as 打扮成…
12.fight for 为….而战 fight against 与…战斗
13.put to death判死刑
14. concern oneself with…关注… 注意…
15.intend to do sth./ doing sth. 打算做某事
16. in the shade of 在…的树荫下，在…的庇护下
17.gain doctor’s degree 获得博士学位
18. be considered as 被看做….
19.take turns to do sth 采取步骤做某事
20.do research on… 做…方面的研究
21.mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味着
22. by now 直到现在
重点句型再现
1 She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.
她花去多年的时间观察和记录它们的日常活动。
（spend+时间/金钱+doing sth 花时间或金钱去做某事）
2 Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 她的母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙；这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
（only位于句首并修饰状语，句子要发生部分倒装，将助动词或联系动词置于主语之前）
3 Following Jane’s way of studing chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.
我们一行人将按照Jane研究猩猩的方法去森林里拜访他们。
（-ing作方式状语。注意非谓语动词作状语时的区别：-ing主动/进行/延续，-ed被动/过去，to do主动/将来）
4.It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen carrer travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles 看起来她忙于所选择的和写作一样的到国外研究。
（It seemed that+从句：似乎是，看起来好像是。 as well as 还有）
5.What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients
后来使她成功的是她对所有病人献出的爱心和体贴。
（What made her succeed主语从句。了解what引导的名词性从句的译法，明白它们在句中的成分：作主语、宾语、表语、同位语）
语法剖析（主谓一致）
主谓一致，指人称和数方面的一致关系。分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致。
(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数。以下为注意事项:
1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数。如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质。No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。
2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数。如:
The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)
A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)
用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如:
Serving the people is my great happiness.
为人民服务是我最大的幸福.
When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.
我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.
Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.
No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.
Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。
5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:
Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。
6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如:
Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球.
More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到
More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们。
7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如:
None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人。
None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急。
8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如:
His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现 a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如:
A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。
9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词” 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:
Only one and a half apples is left on the table.
注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如:
One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点。
(二) 内容一致原则:
1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.如:
The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 剩下的自行车， 今天出售。
60%of the apple was eaten by little boy. 这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。
Most of the apples were rotten. 大部分的苹果都是烂的。
Most of the apple was eaten by a rat. 这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了。
2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of等作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如:
A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科书已运到。
A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig. 这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了。
3. 加减乘除用单数.如:
Fifteen minus five is ten . 15减去5等于10。
4. 表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数.如:
Ten miles is a good distance. 十英里是一个相当的距离。
5. (1) 通常作复数的集体名词. 包括police , people, cattle 等, 这些集体名词通常用作复数.如:
The British police have only very limited powers.
(2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词. 包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage 等.
(3) 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词. 包括 audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等.如:
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him. 委员会决定解雇他。
6. the +形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.如:
The injured were saved after the fire.
(三) 就近原则
1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:
Here comes the bus 公共汽车来了.
Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 给你一支钢笔和几张纸。
Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?
你不在这儿的时候, 你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢？
2. 用连词or, either.... or, neither….nor, not only….but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。 如：
Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 学生和老师都不知道这事.
He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的钢笔。
注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数。如：
Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。
The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中，定语从句的动词应为单数。
Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人。
重要词汇拓展
1 sunburn v.日晒，晒黑→sunburnt adj.晒黑的
2 struggle v./n.挣扎，奋斗，努力 struggle against struggle for struggle with
3 decade n.十年，十年期
4 super n.冗员, 额外人员; [口]特级品, 特大号商品; 超级市场adj特级的, 极好的, 非凡的
5. hunger n.饥饿，渴望/v.使饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的；渴望的
6.output n. 产量，输出，input 输入，消费
7.disturbing adj 引起烦恼的，令人不安的，disturb v. 打扰，麻烦
8.expand vt.扩大, 扩展,张开, 使发, 详谈; 引伸
9. circulate v.循环，流通→circulation n.循环，流传
10. battle n.战役，战斗 v.搏斗，奋斗
11. therefore adv.因此，所以
12. rid vt 摆脱，除去
13.freedom n 自由，自主→ free adj 自由的，免费的
14.equip v.配备，装备→equipment n.设备
15. export v.输出，出口 n.输出（品）→import v.输入，进口 n.进口（品）
16.nationality n 国籍，national adj 国家的，民族的 nation n. 国家
17.occupation n 工作，职业，占领 occupy v.占用，使从事，把注意力集中于...占领, 占据
18.confuse v.使迷惑，使为难→confused adj.感到迷惑的 confusing adj.令人迷惑的
19 regret v./n.后悔，遗憾→regretful adj.后悔的，遗憾的
20.proction n.生产，制造，proctive 可生产的，可制造的，proce –v 生产，制造
21.discovery n. 发现，发觉，discover-v 发现，
22.focus v. 集中，聚焦，n 焦点，中心点
23. rece v.减少，缩减→rection n.减少，缩减
24 comment n./v.评论，议论
重点短语梳理
1 if not 如果不…. If so 如果这样，
2.consider oneself sth 自认为是… consider sb sth 认为某人是…
3.since then 从那时起
4.search for a way to do sth 寻找做某事的途径。
5.thanks to 幸亏，由于，因为 （to为介词）
6.rid…of… 摆脱，除去 get rid of 除去…
7. be satisfied with 对……感到满意
8 would rather do than do宁愿，宁可…也不…=would do rather than do
9with the hope of 满怀希望..
10.in some way 在某种程度上
11.cause damage to 对… 造成危害。
12.build up 增强，强大
13. lead to 导致，造成(to为介词)
14. focus on 集中（注意力、精力等）于
15. keep…from/of 使……免受（影响、伤害等）
重点句型再现
1. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.
袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
（what引导的名词性从句在句中作宾语）
2. The special strain of rice makes it possible to proce one-third more of the crop in the same field. 这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。
（makes it possible 中it为形式宾语，to do不定式短语为真正宾语）
3. It’s a great pity that 很遗憾的是….
4.Using his hybrid rice，farmers are procing harvest twice as large as before.
由于使用了他的杂质水稻，农民的丰收是以前的两倍。
（-ing动词短语作原因状语）
语法剖析（非谓语动词---动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语）
一、动词-ing形式作主语
● 动词-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性和习惯性的动作。动词-ing形式作主语通常放在句首，谓语用单数形式。例如：Listening to music is my sister’s hobby.
● 动词-ing形式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，可以用it作形式主语。常用的结构：
1. It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ing
2. It is + nice / good / interesting / a waste of … etc. + v-ing 例如：
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
二、动词-ing形式作宾语
● 动词-ing形式既可作动词的宾语，又可作介词的宾语。
1. 以下动词或短语只接动词-ing形式作宾语：
admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, keep, mind, miss, suggest等动词; can’t stand, give up, feel like, keep on, think of, set about, dream of 等短语。
2. 在下列短语中，to是介词，后面应用动词-ing形式作宾语：
be / get used to, look forward to, devote…to, pay attention to, object to等。
3. 下列动词或短语既可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：
● like, love, prefer如表示经常性的行为后接动词-ing形式；如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式，但要注意：如果like, love, prefer前有would，后面则接动词不定式。如：Would you like to go shopping with me?
● 下列几组词接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同：
forget doing 忘记已做过某事； forget to do 忘记要做某事
remember doing 记得做过某事； remember to do 记住要做某事
mean doing 意思是，意味着； mean to do 打算做
regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do 遗憾要做某事
can’t help doing 禁不住做； can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做。
● 在allow, permit, advise等动词后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语，如果这些词后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：
We don’t allow smoking in the classroom.
We don’t allow students to smoke.
● 动词need, require, want作“需要”解时，其后用动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，这时动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义。如：
Your coat wants washing. = Your coat wants to be washed.
三、动词-ing的复合结构
动词-ing的复合结构即：物主代词或名词所有格(作宾语时也可以用代词宾格或名词普通格) + 动词-ing。如：
Lucy’s turning up surprised everyone present.
Would you mind my / me using your mobile phone?
四、动词-ing的时态、语态以及否定形式动词-ing有一般式(doing) 和完成式 (having done) 两种时态，一般式的被动语态是being done，完成式的被动语态是having been done。动词-ing的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
动词-ing的否定形式是在doing之前加not。例如：
I’m sorry for not having told you the news earlier.
英语翻译123团队帮您
学习快乐.
及时采纳. 要守信哦.
❽ 高中英语必修4语法
http://wenku..com/view/825b90d233d4b14e852468d6.html
在网络抄文库里找到好多那
❾ 高一英语必修四语法
主谓一致是指：
1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，
一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
There is much water in the thermos.
但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Ten thousand tons of coal were proced last year.
并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
Reading and writing are very important.
注意： 当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel instry is very important to our life.
典型例题
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C.。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别， monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
主谓一致中的靠近原则
1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.
2）当either… or… 与neither… nor， 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
Either you or she is to go.
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.
谓语需用单数
1） 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。
Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.
2） 当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
<<天方夜谭>>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。
3） 表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语 时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可，意思不变。)
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
Ten yuan is enough.
- ing分词 看 参考资料 很详
构词法看这里http://ke..com/view/74735.htm?fr=ala0_1_1
❿ 高一英语必修四知识点总结
Unit 1
wake up醒来
wander off 漫步
most of the time 大部分时间
either…… 或……或……
each other 互相
spend…(in)doing sth 花费时间做某事
be determined to do 决定做……
think about 看法
for example 举例子
work out 得出；解决
argue for 为……辩护
argue with 与……争论/争辩
argue against 争辩……
set up （具体）设置；安装/（抽象）建立
do some research 做研究
choose to do sth. 宁愿、偏要、决定做某事
catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意
care for 照顾
be intended for/to do 为……而准备、预定
reach a doctor 找到医生
must have done 一定是；想必是
get a training 得到训练
as well as ……也
second to 次于
get sb. into使某人进入/陷入
story after story 一个故事接着一个
day after day 一天又一天
deliver a baby 给……接生
make sure 确保
by the time 这时候
carry on 继续
be concerned about 对……关心
put…to death 处死
devote…to…把……专注于……
rather than 不是……而是……
mean doing 意味着
mean to do 打算做……
settle down 安顿下来
apply to 应用到……
be prepared to 已经做好准备去做……
prepare to do 准备要做……
Unit2
if so 如果有……
if not 如果没有……
know about 了解
call him a farmer 称呼他为农民
in many ways 在许多方面
struggle for 为……斗争
the past five decades 过去的五十年
be born in poverty 出生贫困
graate from 毕业于……
since then 从那以后
thanks to 由于
rid…of…使……摆脱……
be satisfied with 对……满足
lead a … life 过着……生活
care about 在意……
used to 过去常常
be used to 被用来做；习惯于
get used to 习惯于
prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事
wish for 欲得到、愿得到
no matter 无论
in need of 需要
refer to 谈及；提到
be rich in 富含
insist on doing 坚持做……
ready to do sth 准备好要做没某事
be against 反对
pay attention to 注意；留心
that is to say 换句说
be certain/sure to do 确信会做某事
persuade sb to do sth 说服某人干某事-结果成功
advise sb to do sth 劝说某人干某事-结果失败
Unit3
bump into 撞上(=knock into)；碰见
be content with 对……满足
worse off 境况差
astonish sb. with sth. 用某事物使某人震惊
be famous for 由于……而著名
in poverty 贫困
be well known 闻名
be set in 以……为背景
in search of 寻找
pick up 捡起
be caught in 被困在……
pick out （用个人喜好或希望进行）挑选
cut off切下
star in 表演
turn into 变为
ask for 要求……
no more than不超过
come across 走过来；偶然碰到
break down 把……分解/弄碎；损坏
fall over 摔翻
fall down 倒塌
do well in ……（方面）做得好
make a cup of tea 泡茶
bring out 取出；阐明
bring in 引入
a sense of ……观念
Unit4
be interested in 对……感兴趣
look around四周张望
send sb. to do 派遣某人……
even if 尽管
meet with(=come into)偶然碰到
may have done 某事可能已经做了（或发生）
reach out…for… 伸出……去……
not all 不是所有
spoken language 口语
close to 靠近
be likely to 有可能……
introce sth. to sb. 向某人介绍……
not…nor…既不……也不……
shake hands with(=shake one’s hand)与某人握手
all kinds of 多种多样的……
be similar to 与……相似
at ease 安逸
up and down 上下
protect sb from V-ing/sth 从……保护某人
with your hands a little open 手微微张开
be willing to愿意去做……
look sb. in the eye 正视/直视某人
take action 采取行动
watch out 小心
Unit5
provide sb. with…提供……
a bit 一会儿；一点儿
such as如……
a variety of 各种各样的……
charge…for…向……收费
be based on 以……为基础
not just 不仅仅
along with 连同……；伴随……
come to life 活跃起来
have sth done 使得……；让……被做
be named after 以……命名
be different from 与……不同
get close to 靠近
learn about（=learn of）学习；得知；听到
take an active part in 积极参与
face to face 面对面
try out 试验
large amounts of/a large amount of 大量（不可数）
point out 指出
at least 至少