❶ 初二英语上的所有语法点
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+ do
eg :I like watching monkeys jump
2 （比较级 and 比较级） 表示越来越怎么样
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）
4 agree with sb 赞成某人
5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样
6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界
7 along with 同……一道，伴随……
eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树
8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样
9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for ……求助 向…要…（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book
11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么
12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始
15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing
20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing
21 be afraid to do (of sth ) 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog
22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视
23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me
24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气
25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高
26 be ashamed to
27 be away from 远离
28 be away from 从……离开
29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好
30 be born 出生于
31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……
32 be careful 当心；小心
33 be different from…… 和什么不一样
34 be famous for 以……著名
35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好
36 be from = come from 来自
eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?
37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water
38 be glad+to+do/从句
39 be going to + v(原） 将来时
40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……
41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English
42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事
43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处
eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处
Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处
44 be in good health 身体健康
45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble
46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣
47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到
48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother
49 be mad at 生某人的气
50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)
51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)
52 be not sure 表不确定
53 be on a visit to 参观
54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎
55 be quiet 安静
56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰
57 be sick in bed 生病在床
58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you
59 be sorry to hear that
60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you
61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles
62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格
63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格
64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么
65 be sure 表确定
66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well
67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher ) 我相信我的大脑（老师）
68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试
69 be sure to do sth 一定会做某事
eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语
70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……
71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as … 和什么一样
73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早起 He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉
He is used to working hard He is used to hard work 他习惯努力工作
74 be worth doing 值得做什么
75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句
76 because+句子 because of +短语
eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache
77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么
eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home
78 between…and… 两者之间
79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西 )
eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen )
80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同
81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth
eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station
我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站
the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了
He's bothering me to lend him money
82 by the end of 到……为止
83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang
84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来
85 catch up with sb 赶上某人
86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地
87 come in 进来
88 come over to 过来
89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗？
90 communicate with sb 和某人交流
91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？
92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞
93 decide to do sth 决定做某事
94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查
95 do better in 在……方面做得更好
96 do wrong 做错
97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事
98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意……
99 each +名（单）每一个…… eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书
100 end up +doing
101 enjoy +doing 喜欢
102 escape from 从……逃跑
eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison 犯人从监狱里逃跑出来
Some gas is escaping from the pipe 有一些气体从管子里冒出
103 expect to do sth 期待做某事
104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来
105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么
106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home
107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样
108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样？ eg : I find the book interesting
109 finish 完成+doing（名词）
110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人
111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door
112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her
113 get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做……
eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了）
Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）
114 get a part-time job = find a part-time job
115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好
116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处
117 get ready for = be ready for 为什么而准备 eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math
118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻烦
119 get sb to do sth
120 get…from… 从某处得到某物
121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall
122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物
123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳
124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事
125 go out away from go out of
126 go to school 上学（用于专业的） go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）
127 good way to 好方法
128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事
129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会
130 have a talk 听报告 谈一谈
131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since
132 have been to …( 地方）……去过某过地方 have gone to …（地方） 去了某地还没回来
133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴
134 have sth to do 有什么事要做
eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做
I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做
135 have to do sth 必须做某事
136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦
137 have…time +doing
138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假
139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事
140 help a lot 很大用处
141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面） help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
142 hope to do sth 希望做某事
143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)
144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法
145 if : 是否＝wether
eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会
He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达
146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句
eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州
If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的
I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国
147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为
148 in some ways 在某些方面
149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后
150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方 （north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东 ）
由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：
一、动词+介词
1．look at…看…， look like … 看上去像……， look after …照料…
2．listen to…听……
3．welcome to…欢迎到……
4．say hello to …向……问好
5．speak to…对……说话
此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。
二、动词+副词
“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：
A．动词（vt.）+副词
1．put on 穿上 2．take off脱下 3．write down记下
此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。
B．动词（vi）+副词。
1．come on赶快 2．get up起床 3．go home回家
4．come in进来 5．sit down坐下 6．stand up起立
此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。
三、其它类动词词组
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class
4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper
7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games
10. play games
[介词短语聚焦]
“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。
1．in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。
2．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。
3．in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。
4．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。
5．in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。
6．in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。
7．at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。
8．at + 时刻表示钟点。
9．like this/that表示方式，意为“像……这/那样”。
10．of短语表示所属关系。
11．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。
12．from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从……”，后者意为“到……”。
另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on ty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。
[重点句型大回放]
1．I think…意为“我认为……”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…，
2．give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb.
3．take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”，后常接地点，也可接人。
4．One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……；另一个是……”，必须是两者中。
5．Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内，
6．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换.
7．What about…？/How about…？意为“……怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。
8．It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。
9．like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”，前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作，
10．ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式，
11．show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。
12．introce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”；introce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。
001. a bottle/glass/cup… of 一瓶/茶杯/玻璃杯
002. a few 一些
003. a kind of 一种；一类
004. a little 一点；少量
005. a lot of…(lots of…) 许多的
006. a moment later 片刻之后
007. a number of 若干的；许多的
008. a pair of 一双；一副
009. a piece of 一块（张；片；只）
010. all day(long) 整天；一天到晚
011. all kinds of 各种各样
012. all one’s life 一生；终生
013. all over 到处；结束
014. all over the world 全世界
015. all right 行了；好吧；（病）好了
016. all the same 仍然
017. all the time ①一直；始终②老是（美国英语）
018. arrive at/in 到达某地
019. as…as… 一样
020. as…as one can(=as…as possible) 尽量
021. as soon as 一就
022. at breakfast 早餐时
023. at first 起先；开始的时候
024. at home 在家
025. at last 最后；终于
026. at night 在夜里
027. at noon 在正午
028. at once 立刻；马上
029. at school 在学校上课
030. at the back of 在……的后面
031. at the head of 在……的前面
032. at the moment 此刻
033. at the same time 同时
034. at this time of (the) year 在（一年中）这个时节里
035. at times 时常；有时
036. at work 在工作
037. be able to do sth. (= can+V.) 能够
038. be angry with sb. 生某人的起 be angry at/about sth. 生某事的气
039. be born 出生
040. be different from… 和……不同
041. be full of 充满着……
042. be good at 善于 be bad at拙于
043. be good for 对……有益的 be bad for 对……有害的
044. be in hospital 生病；住院 be in the hospital 在医院
045. be late for 迟到
046. be like 像
047. be made of (be made from) ……制的；用…….制成的
048. be/get ready 准备好
049. be sure 肯定；确定
050. break down ①（机械）损坏②拆散（某物）
051. by+交通工具 搭乘某交通工具
052. by the way 顺便一提
053. by then 到那时
054. catch (a) cold; have a cold 感冒
055. change one’s mind 改变想法（注意）
056. come back 回来
057. come down 下来
058. come from ①出生于②来自于
059. come in 进入；进来come out 出来
060. come over 过来；顺便来访
061. come around （走）过来（绕行而来）
062. day after day 日复一日地；天天
063. do(es) +V.ing 做某事
064. do sport 运动；参加（体育）运动
065. does well ①做得很好②成功③成绩很好
066. each other 互相
067. eat up 吃完
068. either…or… 不是……就是
069. enjoy oneself 过得愉快
070. fall behind 落后；跟不上
071. fall off ①跌落；掉下②（质或量）下降
072. far away 遥远
073. feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
074. feel tired 感到疲劳
075. find out 查明；发现；了解
076. from now on 从今以后；今后
077. from … to … 从……到……
078. get back ①返回②取回
079. get down ①下来；落下②记下来
080. get dressed 穿衣服
081. get home 大家
082. get into ①进入②搭乘（出租车）③陷入（坏的情况）
083. get off ①下车②起飞
084. get on ①上车②生活
085. get on (with…)= get along (with…) ①生活②与（某人）相处③（活动）有进展
086. get out of ①从......出来②从出租车(轿车)下来
087. get ready to do sth. 准备做某事
088. get up ①起床②起立
089. get warm (long) 变暖和(长)
090. give a call 给……打电话
091. give back 归还;送回
092. go back 回去
093. go for a walk 散步
094. go home 回家
095. go on 继续
096. go shopping 去购物
097. go to bed 睡觉(并未入睡)
098. go to school 上学
099. go to sleep 入睡；睡着
100. go to the cinema 看电影
101. grow up 成年；长大成人
102. half an hour 半小时
103. have a drink of 喝一点……
104. have good time 玩得很高兴；过得愉快
105. have a look (at) 看一看
106. have a match 比赛have a test 测验
107. have a meeting 开会
108. have a rest 休息
109. have a swim 游泳
110. have a talk 谈话
111. have a walk 散步
112. have a wash 洗（手，脸等）
113. have breakfast 吃早饭
114. have lessons/classes 上课
115. have lunch 吃午饭
116. have sport 进行体育活动
117. have supper 吃晚饭
118. have to 不得不；必须
119. hear from+sb. 收到某人的来信
120. hear of 听说
121. help sb. with sth 在某事上帮某人help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
122. hold a meeting (= have a meeting) 举行会议
123. hold on ①等一等（别挂电话）②坚持；持续
124. hour after hour 一小时又一小时地；持续地
125. how long ①（时间）多长；多长②（长度）多长
126. how many/much 多少/多少（钱）
127. how often 多久；多常
128. how old 几岁；多大（年纪）
129. hundreds of 数百
130. hurry of 匆匆离去；赶快去
131. hurry up 赶快
❷ 新目标八年级上册英语每单元课文与语法
动词
一. 动词是表示动作或处于某种状态的词，它分为行为动词，系动词、助动词和情态动词，动词种类多，变化又复杂，是学习英语的难点之一，下面根据动词的特点进行归类，并提供一些辨别方法，以便于理解和掌握。
1. 行为动词在动词中数量最多，它含有实在的意义（又叫实义动词），表示动作或状态，在句中可以单独作谓语，行为动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词后面必须加宾语，意义才完整，不及物动词后面不能直接带宾语，常需要在宾语前加介词才能带宾语。
eg:
We study English very hard.
She has a book in her hand.
The sun rises in the east.
2. 连系动词本身有一定词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语，常见的连系动词有：be, look, sound, get, become等。
eg:
My parents are both farmers.
The milk tastes terrible.
The song sounds good.
3. 助动词本身无词义，不能独立作谓语，必须和主要动词构成谓语，表示疑问，否定，时态或其它语法形式。常见的助动词有：be, have, do, will, shall等。
eg:
Do you have a brother?
Have you got an English-Chinese dictionary?
I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday.
4. 情态动词本身有词义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话者的语气和情态，情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词本身可以构成疑问和否定，常见的情态动词有：can, may, must, will, shall, need等。
eg: Can you sing the English song?
Everyone must get to school on time.
二. 动词的时态：
（一）时态概述：作谓语的动词用来表示动作（情况）发生时间的各种形式称为时态，英语中的时态，就是通过特殊的动词词尾或加一些相关的助动词be, have（has）等，用来表示动作或事件发生的不同时间和方面。
eg: He reads newspapers every day.
He read the newspaper yesterday.
He is going to read the newspaper tomorrow.
（二）一般现在时：
1. 动词变化：一般现在时主要用动词原形表示，但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s，另外be和have有特殊的人称形式。
在加词尾-s时要注意：
情况 加法 例词
一般情况 加-s reads, writes, says
以ch, sh, s, x, 或o收尾的词 加-es teaches, washes, guesses, fixes, goes
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词 变y为i再加-es try－tries
carry－carries
读音：
情况 读法 例词
在[p][t][k][f]等清辅音后 〔s〕 helps, hates, asks, laughs
在[s][z][ ][t ][d3]等音后 〔iz〕 faces, rises, wishes, watches, urges
在其他情况下 〔z〕 plans, cries, shows
2. 一般现在时主要表示：
（1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与这样的时间状语连用：always, often, usually, sometimes等
eg: We always help each other.
It often snows in winter.
I get up early every morning.
（2）表示主语现在的特征、性格、能力等。
eg: He loves sports.
Jane is an outgoing girl.
Tom and Tim both have medium height.
（3）表示客观、普遍真理
eg:
Two and four makes six.
Water boils at 100℃
The moon moves round the earth.
3. 一般现在时的疑问句一般以在句首加助动词do，does的方式构成。第三人称单数加does，其他加do，这时动词一概用原形；动词be只需与主语位置对调就行了。
eg: Do you like English?
Do they have story books?
What does she do every evening?
Is she at home?
Are you good at English?
4. 一般现在时的否定式是do not（don’t）或does not （doesn’t）＋动词原形来构成的，be动词做谓语动词只需在be后加not构成否定。
eg:
I don’t like oranges at all.
She doesn’t work in the TV station.
They aren’t students.
I’m not busy every weekend.
三. 现在进行时：
1. 动词变化：现在进行时由“am /is /are＋动词现在分词”构成。加-ing的规则如下：
（1）一般在动词原形末尾加-ing。如：
stay－staying do－doing
listen－listening suffer－suffering
work－working spend－spending
look－looking
（2）以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing。如：
make－making take－taking
give－giving ride－riding
please－pleasing refuse－refusing
close－closing operate－operating
（3）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing。如：
put－putting sit－sitting
run－running win－winning
begin－beginning
2. 现在进行时的用法
（1）表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，这时可以不用时间状语，也可以和now, at present, at the moment等时间状语连用。有时用一个动词，如look（看），listen（听）。
eg: What are you reading now?
Listen! Someone is singing in the classroom.
（2）表示当前一段时期的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
eg: They are working in a factory these days.
More and more people are giving up smoking.
（3）表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。
现在进行时有时可表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，即可以用来代替将来时。
eg: When are you leaving?
Are you going to Tibet tomorrow?
3. 现在进行时的否定句和疑问句比较简单。否定句在be（am, is, are）后面加not；疑问句把be动词移到主语前。
eg:
I am not working.
What are you reading now?
How are you feeling today?
The train isn’t arriving soon.
四. 一般过去时：
1. 动词变化：一般过去时主要表示过去的动作或状态，在句中由主语＋动词的过去式来表达。
构成规则 原形 过去式
一般在动词末尾加-ed work
plant
play worked
planted
played
结尾是e的动词在末尾加-d like
live
change liked
lived
changed
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed plan（计划）
stop
drop planned
stopped
dropped
以辅音字母加y结尾的，先变y为i再加-ed carry
study
cry carried
studied
cried
否定式 疑问式 否定疑问式 简单回答
I did not work. Did I work? Did I not work? Yes, you did.
No, you didn’t.
You did not work. Did you work? Did you not work? Yes, I did.
No, I didn’t.
He / She / It did not work. Did he / she / it work? Did he / she / it not work? Yes, he / she / it /did.
No, he /she /it didn’t.
We did not work. Did we work? Did we not work? Yes, you did.
No, you didn’t.
You did not work. Did you work? Did you not work? Yes, we did.
No, we didn’t.
They did not work. Did they work? Did you they not work? Yes, they did.
No, they didn’t.
2. 一般过去时的基本用法：
（1）带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时。（eg: yesterday, last year, just now, two days ago, in the old days等）
eg: He left just now.
Lei Feng was a good soldier.
What did you have for breakfast this morning?
（2）表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作，这时常和表示频度的状语连用。
eg: Last term we often did experiments.
He always went to work by bus.
五. be going to 表示一般将来
1. 用法：表示现在打算在最近或将来要做的事，或表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为很有可能要发生的事情，be随着人称的变化变成（am, is, are）
eg: We are going to have a new subject this year.
It’s going to rain this afternoon.
I’m going to be a pilot when I grow up.
2. be going to 的否定句在be动词后加上not；be going to 的疑问句把be动词移到主语前。
eg:
He isn’t going to see his brother tomorrow.
I’m not going to tell you about it.
Who’s going to use it?
Is your sister going to bring your lunch?
What are you going to do next Sunday.
【模拟试题】（答题时间：70分钟）
一. 改错：
例1：The rose dark red. →The rose is dark red.
1. He very likes swimming.
2. He can helps you.
3. We haven’t a good time.
4. What are you do after school every day?
5. Sometimes I listen music. sometimes I play outside.
6. The fish smells not good.
7. We should buy some chicken. There are little left.
8. There have many birds in the sky.
9. My mother’s glasses is broken.
10. A pair of shoes are nearly one thousand.
11. What colour are her hair?
12. Does he his homework?
13. A: Do you like your class?
B: Yes. I like.
14. He always do his shopping on Friday evening.
15. I very sorry I forgot your birthday.
16. I have no brother and sister.
二. 连词组句：
1. listen, morning, the, to, I, radio, the, in, often
2. of, men, nurses, good, sick, hospital, care, in, take, the
3. weekdays, he, the, goes, cinema, never, ring, the, to
4. computer, got, new, you, a, have?
5. weekends, he, rest, does, a, got, have, on?
6. good, Li Ming, do, and, often, I deeds
7. museum, they, the, often, science, visit, how, do?
8. the, in, any, there, kitchen, food, is?
9. homework, does, day, when, Tom, his, every, where, and, do?
10. a, there, vegetables, many, but, apples, aren’t, lot, there, of, are, there
三. 用括号里的动词的适当形式填空：
1. There （be）______some glasses on it.
2. He （go）______to the park every day.
3. My uncle （live）______ in Nanjing now.
4. ______ Lucy and Lily （like）______China?
5. Li Lei（not like）______ to drink orange soda.
6. The girl （go）______ home at 4:30 in the afternoon.
7. ______ Kate （speak）______ French? Yes, she does.
8. Jim （not ride）______his bike often.
9. If he （be）______ free tomorrow, he （go）______ with us.
10. As soon as they （get）______ there next month, he （call）______me.
11. ______Li Ming’s father （have）______ his lunch at home?
12. Tom （not do）______the morning exercises often.
13. I （be）______ hungry and my sister （be）______ thirsty.
14. The baby （have）______ curly hair.
15. Everybody （have）______ a chance to win.
16. I （clean）______ my room once a week.
17. Nobody（tell）______ them anything.
18. There （be）______ a lot of chicken on the plate.
19. Mr. Li （teach）______ the second grade.
20. The boy （watch）______ TV every evening.
21. Mary （play）______the violin quite well.
22. David （study）______Chinese and I （study）______ English.
23. The game （be）______ interesting.
24. Many children （be）______ on the playground.
25. He （have）_______ a good time at your party.
26. I （have）______ a new bicycle.
四. 用所给词的适当形式填空：
1. Tom and his father ______（swim）now.
2. Look! They ______（run）along the street.
3. We ______（practice）hard these days because we will have a big match next month.
4. What ______he ______（do）at nine o’clock last night?
5. They ______（listen）to the music at that time.
6. When the headmaster came in, the students______（read）the text.
7. We ______（watch）TV when suddenly the telephone rang.
8. She ______（make）the paper flowers the whole night.
9. A: _______ you ______（studying）English?
B: Yes, I am.
10. Let’s go out. It ______（not rain）now.
11. Hurry up! Everybody ______（wait）for you.
12. A: ______（you / listen）to the radio?
B: No, You can turn it off.
13. I ______（watch）TV at seven o’clock yesterday evening.
14. A: What ______（you / look）for?
B: I ______（look）for my wallet. There is something important in it.
15. Look. It ______（rain）hard. We’ll get wet if we go out.
五. 选词填空：
（一）选词填空：
1. I ______（am, is, was, were）busy last week.
2. Tom and I ______（am, are, was, were）late for school yesterday.
3. I ______（walk, walks, walked, walking）to school the other day.
4. Rose ______（does not, didn’t, has been, has to）visit her uncle the month before last（month）
5. There ______（is, was, are, were）a lot of people in this village ten years ago.
6. Mother ______（am, is, was, were）ill in bed last night.
7. It ______（rain, rains, rained, raining）a lot last year.
（二）用括号中动词的适当形式填空：
1. My uncle in London ______（send）a birthday present to me yesterday.
2. When ______（be）you born?
3. As soon as he arrived in the country, he ______（phone）me.
4. When I ______（knock）at his door, he was cooking.
5. We were watching TV when the light ______（go）out.
6. He said he ______（not like）maths at all.
（三）用括当的词完成下列句子。
1. ______you make this cake last night? Yes. I did. I _______it for you.
2. Did Tom _______ home at five yesterday?
No, he _______. He came home at six.
3. What _______ you _______ at the store? I bought a camera.
4. Were you at home yesterday? Yes, I _______.
5. Where did you catch the fish? I _______ it in the river near my house.
六. 完成下列句子：
1. 你长大了想当什么？我打算当个电脑程序员。
What _____ you ______ ______ _______ when you ______ _______?
I’m ______ to _______ a _______ _______.
2. 你哥哥长大了打算当什么？他打算当个专业的篮球运动员。
What _____ your brother _____ _________ ______ when he ______ _______?
He’s _____ to ______ a _______ _________ player.
3. 你打算怎么做？我打算学计算机学。
_____ are you ______ ________ ________ that?
I’m _____ _______ _______ computer _______.
4. 你哥哥打算怎么做？他打算每天练篮球。
_____ is your brother _____ _____ _____?
He’s _____ ______ _________ basketball every day.
5. 她打算下学期上一些表演课吗？是的。
______ she ______ _______ _________ some ______ lessons?
Yes, she ________.
【试题答案】
1. He likes swimming.
2. He can help you.
3. We don’t have a good time.
4. What do you do after school every day?
5. Sometimes I listen to music, sometimes I play outside.
6. The fish doesn’t smell good.
7. We should buy some chicken. There is little left.
8. There are many birds in the sky.
9. My mother’s glasses are broken.
10. A pair of shoes is nearly one thousand.
11. If he doesn’t feel well he will go to visit the History Museum.
12. What colour is her hair?
13. Does he do his homework?
14. A: Do you like your class?
B: Yes. I do.
15. He always does his shopping on Friday evening.
16. I am sorry I forgot your birthday.
二.
1. I often listen to the radio in the morning.
2. Nurses take good care of sick men in the hospital.
3. He never goes to the cinema ring the weekdays.
4. Have you got a new computer?
5. Does he have a rest on weekends?
6. Li Ming and I often do good deeds.
7. How often do you visit the science museum?
8. Is there any food in the kitchen?
9. When and where does Tom do his homework every day?
10. There are a lot of vegetables but there aren’t many apples there.
Or: There are a lot of apples but there aren’t many vegetables there.
三. 1. are 2. goes 3. lives 4. Do, like 5. doesn’t like
6. goes 7. Does, speak 8. doesn’t ride
9. is, will go 10. get, will call 11. Does, have
12. doesn’t do 13. am, is 14. has
15. has 16. clean 17. tells 18. is
19. teaches 20. watches 21. plays 22. studies, study
23. is 24. are 25. has 26. have
四. 1. are swimming 2. are running 3. are practicing
4. was, doing 5. were listening 6. were reading
7. were watching 8. was making 9. Are, studying
10. isn’t raining 11. is waiting 12. Are you listening
13. was watching 14. are you looking, am looking
15. is raining
五.
（一）1. was 2. were 3. walked 4. did not
5. were 6. was 7. rained
（二）1. sent 2. were 3. phoned 4. knocked 5. went
6. didn’t like
（三）1. Did, made 2. come, didn’t 3. did, buy 4. was
5. caught
六.
1. are, going, to, be, grow, up, going, be, computer, programmer
2. is, going, to, be, grows, up, going, be, professional, basketball.
3. How, going, to, do, going, to, study, science
4. How, going, to, do, that, going, to, play
5. Is, going, to, take, acting, is
❸ 八年级上学期的英语语法总结（全部）！
一、只能修饰可数名词的词语有:
many, many a(n), a good / great many, a (great / large) number of, scores of, dozens of等。例如:
Scores of people went there in the first few days after its opening.
开张后的头几天,很多人去了那儿。
I have been there dozens of times.
我已去过那儿很多次了。
There’re a number of students reading English in the classroom.
教室里有许多学生在读英语。
Many a student has(=many students have)visited the Great Wall.(谓语动词用单数)
很多学生都游览过长城。
In winter, a good many animals sleep under the snow.
冬天很多动物在雪下冬眠。
注意: many所修饰的复数名词前若有限定词,many 后面要接of, 表示“……中的很多”。 例如:
A great many(of the) graates have found jobs.
毕业生中很多人已经找到了工作。
二、只能修饰不可数名词的词语有:
much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of等。例如:
Is there much water in the bucket?
桶里有很多水吗?
He always has a great amount of work to do.
他总是有很多工作要做。
三、既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词语有:
a lot of, lots of, plenty of (以上三个词语后谓语动词的数依of 后的名词的单复数而定),a great / large quantity of (其后谓语用单数),quantities of (其后谓语用复数)。例如:
There is still lots of snow in the garden.
花园里还有许多雪。
There is plenty of rain here.
这儿的雨水很多。
A great quantity of flowers was placed in the hall.
大厅里放了很多鲜花。
There are large quantities of food in the cupboard.
橱柜里有许多食物。
在所有这些表示“很多”的词语中many, much 是最常用的词,它们既可以用于肯定句,也可以用于疑问句和否定句。例如:
Are there many people in the street?
街上有很多人吗?
There isn’t much time left.
剩下的时间不多了。
其它的词语都用于肯定句,日常会话中常用lots of, a lot of 或plenty of; 正式文体中常用 a great many, a (large) number of, a great deal of, scores of 或 dozens of 等。但若肯定句中有too, so, as, very或how 等词修饰时,则必须使用 many, much。例如:
The number of the people who lost their homes reached as many as 250,000.
无家可归的人数多达250,000人。
There is too much work to do.
要做的工作太多了。
或者是这样的，你自己看下，哪Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
Grammar: 特殊疑问句：wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。
特殊疑问句的构成及用法：
结构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句， 即：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语（+其他）
疑问代词：
1) Who:谁。做主语，用来指人 Who is the boy under the tree?
2）Whom 谁，做宾语，用来指人 Whom are you writing to?
3) Whose 谁的，用来指所属关系，如果做定语，一般后接名词 Whose pen is this?
4) Which 哪个，哪些，用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择 Which grils will in the sports meeting? Which pen is Lily’s?
5)What什么，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下 What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now?
疑问副词：
When:何时，询问时间 When will she come back?
Where何地，询问地点， Where do you come from?
Why为什么，询问原因， Why are you late for school?
How 如何，询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等 How do you usually go to school?
How old多大，询问年龄，How old is Jim’s little brother?
How many/much多少，询问数量 How many birds are there in the tree?
How far多远，询问距离， How far is it form your home to school?
How long多长，多久，询问时间的长度或距离 How long will you stay in Beijing?
How often多长时间按一次，询问频率 How often do you go to see your grandparents?
How soon多久，询问时间 How soon will you come back?
频率副词：表示动作发生的频率，never, sometimes, often, usually, always.
Unit 2 What’s the matter with you?
Grammar:
1. 用have 来描述身体不适 have/have got a +疾病名字；得了……病
2.情态动词should,情态动词should,can, may, must没有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
Grammar:现在进行时表将来 一般将来时
表示将要做某事或计划打算做某事要用到句型“be+doing”其中be是助动词，它有人称和单复数的变化。Be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是现在进行时的形式，但用于表示将来。用进行时表将来，常用于表示即将来临的未来预定要做的事情，一般指个人计划要做的事。用于此情况的动词一般是表示位置转移的动词，如，go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。
一．肯定句中，结构为“be+doing.”
I am going shopping this afternoon.
二．否定句是在be之后加not. I’m not going to shopping this afternoon.
三．一般疑问句是将be置于句首 Are you going shopping this afternoon?—Yes, I am/ we are. No, I’m not./ We aren’t.
四．特殊疑问句“疑问词+一般疑问句语序。”
What are you doing for vacation? When is he going camping?
Who are you going there with? Where is she going?
Unit 4 How do you get to school?
Grammar: How引导的特殊疑问句：是指以How, how far, how long, how old,how many, how much等词开头的疑问句。
How does he get to shool?---- He takes the train to get to shool.
How long does it take to walk? ----It takes about 35 minutes to walk.
How far is it from your home to school? It’s four miles from my home to school.
How old is he now? She is twelve years old now.
How many storybooks do you have? I have five storybooks.
How much is this coat? This coat is 200 yuan.
特殊疑问句的简略结构：how about…?+ 名词或动词-ing形式，用于提出建议、请求或征求意见、询问消息等。如：How about playing tennis?
Unit 5 Can you come to my party?
Grammar:情态动词can及邀请句式及其问答
情态动词can的用法：
Can 是最长用的情态动词，其后跟动词原形，can的否定形式为cannot，can’t.
can表“能力”，意思是：能，会 I can paly basketball,but I can’t swim.
can表示能力时可和be able to 互换，be able to有更多的时态，常被用来表示can所 不能表示的将来或完成的概念。E.g. They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months.
表示“可能性”，意思是：可以，可能。That big cinema can seat 5,000 people.
表示允许，意思是可以能够 You can have the book when I have finished it.
表示“惊讶、不相信等（用于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中”。意思是“会、可能。”
This can’t be true. Can it be true?
如何发出、接受和谢绝别人的邀请
表达邀请的常用句型：
Can you come to…?
Could you come to…?
Would you like to come to…?
Do you want to come to…?
接受邀请的常用句型：
Sure. Certainly. OK. I’d love to.
谢绝邀请的常用句型：
I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to…
I’m afraid I can’t. I have to…
I don’t think I can. I have to…
Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
Grammar:形容词的比较级
规则变化、不规则变化（课本P93）
than 是比较级中最常见的标志词，意思是“比”。用于引出比较的对象。1.He draws better than me.2.You’re older than I am. You are older than me.
形容词比较级前，有时可以用much,far, a little,a bit, even, three times等词来修饰。Much 和far表示“……得多”,much better好得多，a little, a bit表示稍微，一些，一点。a little shorter, 稍微矮点；even表示“甚至，更加，还要……”even bigger还要大些，three times表示 “…三倍”，如three times bigger than 比……大三倍
Very绝不可以用来修饰比较级，very,so,too, quite 修饰原级
Unit 7 How do you make banana milk shake?
Grammar: 可数名词与不可数名词
一．可数名词
英语中的物质名词大体上可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词指物体的数量可数。其单数形式可在名词前加a或an,表示一个，如a pear. 其负数形式要在词尾加-s,或-es（特殊情况除外），如two bananas, three tomatoes. Many many apples a few students few bags
二．不可数名词
1.不可数名词指物体的数量不可数。不可数名词没有单复数之分，也不能在词前直接加冠词a 或an.表示不可数名词的数量时可在不可数名词前加相应的由量词构成的短语。如a bag of… 2.常见的量词短语有：
a piece of… a cup of… a teaspoon of… a bottle of…
3.不可数名词还可以用下面的词表示数量：much much rain a little little
4.既可以修饰不可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词的词有：
Lots of= a lot of许多，大量 some一些（用于肯定句）any一些（用于否定句和一般疑问句）
Unit 8 How was your school trip?
Grammar:
一般过去时：指在过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去意义的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last year(week,month…),two years ago, in2006等。有时也可用when,after,before, as soon as引导的时间状语从句。该时态在句中的体现是谓语动词用过去式。谓语be动词→was/were 否定：wasn’t /weren’t
Be动词句型
一般疑问句：was/were +主语…
特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语
陈述句：主语+was/were+…(肯定句) 否定句：主语+wasn’t/weren’t+…
行为动词句型（当句中的动词为行为动词时，要借助动词did构成一般疑问句和否定句）
肯定式：主语+动词过去式
否定式：主语+didn’t+动词原形
一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形
特殊疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形
Unit 9 When was he born?
Grammar: 一般过去时的特殊疑问句
一般过去时的特殊疑问句的变法同一般现在时一样，不同之处在于须将be动词或助动词改为过去时态，即“特殊疑问词+were或was(第三人称单数)+主语+（表语）+其他成分”或“特殊疑问词+助动词did+主语+实义动词+其他成分。”
以when引导的特殊疑问句，对某人的出生年月进行提问，句型是：
When was/were…born? … was/were born in +时间
When was David beckham born? 大卫.贝克汉姆是什么时候出生的？He was born in 1975.
二．以how long 引导的特殊疑问句，对表示某一短时间的状语进行提问。句型是：
How long did + 主语+动词？
How long did Charles Smith hiccup? He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.
三．When did he start hiccupping? 他什么时候开始打嗝？When +did+主语+动词？
Unit 10 I’m going to be a basketball player.
Grammar:一般将来时
表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。
1. be going to + 动词原形 What are you going to do next Sunday?
2. will/shall + 动词原形 I will go to my hometown next week.
3.be +v.ing The Greens are moving to another city the day after tomorrow.
4. be +动词不定式 You are to be back by 10 o’clock.
5. be + about + 动词不定式 The meeting is about to begin.
Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?
Grammar:情态动词
情态动词，表示说话者对某一动作的看法和态度，包括可能、怀疑、允许、愿望、必要、猜测等。Can(能、会),may( 可以),must( 必须、一定)等。
情态动词的特点：(1)情态动词有一定词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和另一个动词原形一起构成谓语，且没有人称和数的变化。1. I can speak English. 2. She must be a teacher. 3. We may go home now.
(2)变否定句时，直接在情态动词后面加not,无需加助动词。He can’t play the guitar well.
He can’t answer the question. You mustn’t be late.
(3)含有情态动词的句子变一般疑问句时，须将情态动词提前。Can you help me? Must I go there at once?
(4)can 可表示能力、允许、可能性、怀疑猜测，意为“能，会，可以。”can’t, 意为“不能，不会，不可以。”，还有“不可能”之意。
--Can you drive? – Sorry, I can’t. It can’t be true.
(5)can 也可表示请求与邀请
Can you please sweep the floor?
Unit12 What’s the best radio station?
Grammar:形容词/副词的最高级，用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示在一群人或事物中，其中一个 “最……”见课本p93语法
the +最高级 She is the tallest of all her classmates.
最高级可被序数词以及much, by far,nearly,almost, by no means, not quite,not really, nothing like等修饰。This hat is by far the biggest.
表示最高程度的形容词，excellent, extreme, prefect等没有最高级也不能用比较级。He is an excellent teacher.
形容词最高级间修饰做表语或介词并与的名词代词是，被修饰的词往往省略。
He is the youngest (boy) in his class.
Who/Which +be+最高级，A,B,or C? Who is the most useful, a bicycle, a motorcycle,or a car?
the +序数词+最高级 He is the second tallest student in our class.
One of the +最高级+复数名词 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.个完整你选择哪个吧！
❹ 初二上册英语第一课语法点翻译。
人教版的吗？希望还是 for it的！有什么不对，就提出来
Unit 1
1. in space 在太空
2. on a space station 在太空站
3. fall in love with 爱上……
4. go skating/swimming/surfing/fishing
/boating 去滑冰/游泳/冲浪/钓鱼/划船
5. be able to 能……
6. the next World Cup下届世界杯
7. come true 实现
8. in the future 在未来
9. hundreds of数以百计
10. in people’s homes在人们的家中
11. every home每一个家
12. in every home在每个家里
13. study at home on computers在家中电脑上学习
14. be quite different from与…相当不同
15. differences between A and B
A和B的区别
16. be free自由，有空
17. a piece of paper一张纸
18. two pieces of paper两张纸
19. on a piece of paper在纸上
20. live to be 200 years old活到200岁
21. in 100 years 100年后
22. use sth to do 用某东西做某事
23. be useful for sb对某人有用
24. more people 更多的人
25. fewer people更少的人
26. less free time较少的空余时间
27. less pollution较少的污染
28. use sth less较少的使用某物
29. be crowded with挤满……
30. in high school在高中
31. in college在大学
32. play the guitar弹吉他
33. be married to sb与某人结婚
34. a sports car一辆跑车
35. Beijing City=the city of Beijing北京市
36. the city of tomorrow未来的城市
37. describe sth to sb向某人描述某物
38. tall buildings高楼大厦
39. live in an apartment住在公寓
40. near here附近
41. take the train to sp坐火车去某地
42. take the train home坐火车回家
43. fly rockets to the moon
把火箭飞到月球上去
44. fly to sp飞去某地
45. the answer to ---……的答案
46. the key to sth某物的钥匙
47. on a visit to sp参观某地
48. really a beautiful city
真的很美的一座城市
49. as a reporter作为一个记者
50. find a job as a waiter找到一份作服务生的工作
51. live alone孤独的住
52. do sth alone孤独的做某事
53. feel lonely感到孤独
54. a lonely old man一个孤独的老人
55. hate to do=hate dong sth讨厌做某事
56. many different pets很多不同的宠物
57. keep a pet养宠物
58. keep sth closed/clean/safe保持某物关闭/干净/安全
59. keep doing一直做某事
60. keep sb doing 使某人一直做某事
61. keep on doing持续做某事
62. keep sth for two days借某物两天
63. ring the week在整个一周期间
64. look smart/worried/healthy看起来聪明/担忧/健康
65. wear a suit穿西装
66. on the weekend在这个周末
67. on weekends在周末
68. casual clothes随意的服装
69. dress casually穿的随意
70. one day一天
71. might even甚至可能
72. win the World Cup赢得世界杯胜利
73. next time下次
74. last time上次
75. the first time to do sth第一次做某事
76. for the first time第一次了
77. win awards=win prize获奖
78. next year明年
79. this year今年
80. do sth for fun做某事为了娱乐
81. work for oneself为自己工作
82. by oneself独自，独立
83. need to do 需要做某事
84. sth need doing某物需要做
85. one’s job interview某人工作面试
86. look smart for one’s job interview为了某人的工作面试而穿着时髦
87. wear a uniform穿制服
88. fly to the moon for vacations去月球度假
89. predict the future预测未来
90. no sound没声音
91. no sound in movies无声电影
92. the head of---……的头头，---的领导
93. one of ---一个……
94. movie companies电影公司
95. no one没人
96. see sb do sth看见某人做某事（全过程）
97. see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事（正在做）
98. be used by sb被某人使用
99. most people绝大部分人
100.a place to do sth一个做某事的地方
101.one’s dream to do 某人做某事的梦想
102.less work更少的工作
103.get ready to do 准备好做某事
104.get ready for sth为……作准备
105.to do sth为了做某事
106.one’s own thing某人自己的东西
107.science fiction科幻小说
108.be like 像---一样
109.help with sth帮助某事
110.help do sth帮助做某事
111.try to do sth设法做某事
112.make sb do sth使某人做某事
113.do the same things as sb与某人做相同的事情
114.this kind of robot这种机器人
115.be fun to do 做某事好玩
116.It’s difficult for sb to do 对于某人来说做某事是难的
117.wake up醒来
118.wake sb up 把某人叫醒
119.there is sb doing sth有某人正在做某事
120.look more like---看起来更像
121.huge arms巨手
122.do simple jobs做简单的工作
123.over and over again一次又一次
124.get bored变得无聊
125.have sth to do有事情要做
126.some ----others一些---另外---
127.after sth/work/school/an earthquake在某事后/下班后/放学后/地震后
128.after doing sth做某事后
129.seem possible好像有点可能
130.electric toothbrushes 电动牙刷
131.seem impossible 似乎不可能
132.happen to sb 某人发生事情……
133.happen to do sth碰巧做某事
134.go through穿过
135.discuss with sb与某人讨论
136.useful rating 有用的等级
❺ 求八年级上册英语书语法点（每个单元的）
你们的老师讲语法吗？如果有讲把语法理顺一下，再来就是去书店买本跟你们单元讲解的~~我就是这么学习英语的。。我也是八年级学生^^上课得认真听，语法每单元梳理。。就是这么简单~~
❻ 人教版八年级上英语全部知识点、语法
1.形容词和副词的比较级
(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er
older taller longer stronger, etc
(2) 多音节词前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er
bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把y变i，再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不规则变化：
well-better, much/many-more, etc.
2.祈使句：
Sit down please
Don’t sit down, please.
3. there be 结构
肯定句： There is a …
There are …
一般疑问句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.
Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.
否定句： There isn’t …. There aren’t….
4.一般现在时：通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。
形式：
肯定句：
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day.
5.现在进行时：形式： be + verb +ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
动词 —ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming
6.
重点的句型：
1.How many + 复数名词 + are there ...?
此句型是一个特殊疑问句，意思是\"在......有多少......？\"多用来对可数名词的数量提问。How many 后面要接可数名词的复数形式。如：
How many apples are there on the table? 桌子上有多少个苹果？
2.. What about ...?
此句型意思是\"......怎么样？\"、\"......呢？\"，通常用来询问情况或征求意见、看法等。其中的about是介词，后面可接名词、代词或动词等。如：
What about that computer? 那台电脑怎么样？
My gloves are red. What about theirs? 我的手套是红色的，他们的呢？
What about playing games after school? 放学后做游戏怎么样？
3. What time is it?/What\'s the time?
英语中，常用这两个句型来询问现在的时间，意思是\"什么时间了？\"或\"几点了？\"其答语一般用\"It\'s + 时间.\"其中的it指代时间，翻译时可不译，常在句尾加上please，以表示委婉的语气。如：
What time is it, please? 请问现在几点了？
-It's about a quarter past ten. 大约十点十五分。
4. What colour + be + 主语?
询问某物的颜色，一般用以What colour 开头的特殊疑问句，其答语通常用\"It\'s/They\'re + 表示颜色的形容词\"。如：
-What colour is her blouse? 她的衬衫是什么颜色的？
-It's light blue. 是浅蓝色的。
5.Whose + 名词 + be + 其它？/Whose + be + 名词？
英语中常用这两个句型来询问某事物属谁所有。如：
Whose cup is that? 那是谁的杯子？
Whose are these photos? 这些照片是谁的？
6. It's time for + sth. /It's time to do sth. / It's time for sb. to do sth.
这个结构意思都是\"该做某事了\"，\"到做某事的时候了\"。如：
It's time for school. 到上学的时候了。
It\'s time to have supper. 该吃晚饭了。
7. 选择疑问句：选择疑问句是用or连接询问的两部分，以供选择，答案必须是完整的句子或其省略形式，不能用Yes或No回答
一般提出两种或两种以上的可能,问对方选择哪一种.其结构可用一般疑问句,也可用特殊疑问句.供选择的两部分用or连接,前者读升调,后者读降调.
e.g. Will you go there by bus or by train?
What would you like, coffee or tea?
How many pens do you have, one or two?
选择疑问句的答语必须是完整的句子或其省略式,不能答yes或no.
e.g. Do you go to school by bus or by bike?
By bus.
Which would you like, tea or coffee? Coffee.
一般疑问句演化来的选择疑问句
e.g. Is it right or wrong?
Were you or he there?
Are they reading, chatting or watching TV?
特殊疑问句演化来的选择疑问句
e.g. Which do you like better, coffee or milk?
What color is it, red, blue or yellow?
Where are you going, to the classroom or to the library?
or not构成的选择疑问句
e.g. Do you want to buy it or not?
Are you ready or not
8.另外，“to be + going + 动词不定式”这个特殊的结构可表示在未来即将要进行的动作。
例：He is going to tell me tomorrow - 他将在明天告诉我。
练习题：
There are ____ water in the bottle.（B）瓶子里有一点水
There are ____ water in the bottle.（A）瓶子里没水了
There are ____ students in the classroom.（D）教室里有几个学生
There are ____ students in the classroom（C）教室里没有学生
There are ____ apples on the trees.（D）有几个苹果长在树上
选项统一为
A、little B、a little C、few D、a few
3. Of course,every one of us_1__to make friends like food---they are useful to us,and they can help us when we are _2__need._3__you can make as many friends of this kind as possible.
(1) A.want B.will want C.wants
(2) A.in B.on C.for D.of
(3) A.And B.But C.So D.Because
答案：CAC
4.Twenty minutes later,John_1__a tree.His leg was broken,and it hurt _2__.
Mr smith _3__to mend the chair.then he_4__himself with a hammer.
(1) A.fell over B.fell from C.fell down D.fell on
(2) A.all the day B.all day C.whole day D.all days
(3) A.starts B.started C.was starting
(4) A.damaged B.knocked C.hit D.cut
答案：BABC
❼ 八年级上学期英语所有的重要语法+语言点（整理）
1. be absent from…. 缺席，不在 2. absence of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉 3. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被动语态):be absorbed in 全神贯注于…近:be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on 4. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有 5. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解 6. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外.Without accident(=safely) 安全地, 7. of one’s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地 8. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one’s accord with 同….不一致 9. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 10. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据 11. on one’s own account 1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益 2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责 3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of …account 有…..重要性. 12. take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去 13. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释 (理由) 14. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明. 15. on account of (=because of) 由于,因为. 16. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装) 17. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告 18. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉 19. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理 20. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 21. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要) 22. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之 23. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外 24. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循 25. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的 26. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应; 27. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地. 28. in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先. 29. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地. 30. have an advantage over 胜过. have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事 31. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用. 32. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意 33. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致 34. ahead of 在…之前, 超过…;……………. ahead of time 提前. 35. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体. 2)在谣传中. 36. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的. 37. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计 38. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎. 39. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到. 40. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于. 41. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责. 42. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合. 43. be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for 44. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉 45. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力 46. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请 ; apply for申请; apply to 适用. 47. apply to 与…有关;适用 48. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成, approve vt. 批准 49. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起. 50. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排…做… 51. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方); 52. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以…为羞耻 53. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证, 使…确信. 54. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系 ,结 55. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做… 56. attend to (=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料 57. attitude to/ toward …对…的态度.看法 58. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..归因于.., 认为..是..的结果 59. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均 60. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道. 61. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面 62. in the back of 在…后部(里面); on the back of 在…后部(外面); be on one’s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起. 63. at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,维护; have sb. at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台 64. turn one’s back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃 65. behind one’s back 背着某人(说坏话) 66. be based on / upon 基于 67. on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上 68. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢 69. begin with 以…开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语) 70. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义 71. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰. 72. benefit (from) 受益,得到好处. 73. for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处) 74. for the better 好转 75. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败, 胜过. 76. by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统 at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生 77. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上 78. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作) 79. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机 80. boast of (or about) 吹嘘 81. out of breath 喘不过气来 82. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之 83. in bulk 成批地,不散装的 84. take the floor 起立发言 85. on business 出差办事. 86. be busy with sth.忙于某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 87. last but one 倒数第二. 88. last but not least最后一点但也是最重要的一点 89. but for (=without) 要不是. 表示假设 90. buy sth. for…money 用多少钱买 91. be capable of 能够, 有能力 be capable of being +过去分词:是能够被…的 92. in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何 93. in case (=for fear that) 万一; 94. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一 in the case of 至于…, 就…而言 95. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句) 96. be cautious of 谨防 97. center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上 98. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握, 一定. 99. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地,有把握地 100. by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然 101. for a change换换环境(花样等) 102. charge sb. with …控告某人犯有… 103. in charge of (=responsible for) 负责(某事) in the charge of …由…管 104. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾) 105. charge…for 因…索取(费用) , charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有… 106. round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping) 昼夜不停地 高考书面表达必背词组 (1) 首先，尤其重要的，最重要的 above all 偶然，无意中 by accident 对（于）…很积极 be active in 合计为 add up to 承让错误 admit one’s mistake 接受某人的建议 take / follow one’s advice 就…提出建议 give advice on 建议某人做某事 advice sb. to do sth. 后天 the day after tomorrow 毕竟；终究 after all 违心 against one’s will 在…岁时 at the age of 实现目标 achieve one’s aim 在空中；悬而未决 in the air 在户外，在露天里 in the open air 在机场 at the airport 火警 the fire alarm 满腔怒火 be filled with anger 因某人之言行而生气 be angry at sth. 生某人的气 be angry with sb. 通知 make an announcement 相继地，按顺序地 one after another 相互，彼此（三者或三者以上之间）one another 相互（指两者之间）each other 没有回答 give no answer 为…而担心 be anxious about 急于做某事 be anxious to do sth. 分开住 live apart 除了 apart from 因某事向某人认错或道歉 make/offer an apology to sb for sth. 与某人争论某事 argue with sb. about sth. 放在一边 lay sth. aside 请某人指点 / 帮助 ask sb. for advice / help 惊讶于… be astonished at sth. 以前，曾经 at one time 注意 pay attention to 对…抱正确的态度 take a correct attitude towards sth. 引起（注意，兴趣等）