转换生成语法英语怎么说

⑴ 转换生成语法在翻译中的应用

语法 SELECT [谓语] {* |表* |。 [。表]字段1 [AS alias1] [[表] FIELD2 [AS alias2] [，...]]}出租车从tableexpression [，...] [IN externaldatabase] [WHERE ...] [GROUP BY ...] [HAVING ...] [ORDER BY ...] [WITH OWNERACCESS OPTION] 中国 BR> SELECT语句包含以下几个部分：中国部分介绍专了这些谓词一个属谓词：ALL，DISTINCT，DISTINCTROW，或TOP。您可以使用谓词来限制返回的记录数。如果没有指定谓词，则默认为ALL。所有字段 *指定指定选择表。表表名，表包含选择哪些记录的字段。 字段1，字段2字段名，这些字段包含要检索的数据。如果包含多个字段，它们将被检索的顺序。 Alias1，alias2名作为列标题，在原列名不表。 Tableexpression包含要检索表的名称的数据。 Externaldatabase如果tableexpression表不在当前数据库中，使用此参数指定数据库名称。

⑵ 乔姆斯基大师的“转换生成语法”翻译成英文是怎么说的啊

Transformational-generative grammar

⑶ 转换生成语法树形图中cp、infl都指什么在胡壮麟的书中对树形图没有太多的解释，哪本书能比较详细的讲解

Inflp: inflective(inflectional?) phrase
CP: complementizer phrase
S: specifier
Inflt: inflectional tense
Pst:past tense
C: complement

⑷ 乔姆斯基的转换生成语法应该怎么理解

http://wenku..com/user/doc?st=1
我的文库有一些
你看看吧
希望能帮到你
想当年年我的毕业论版文就是转换生成语权法

⑸ 转换-生成语法的介绍

转换-生成语法（Transformational-generative grammar，简称TG）是美国语言学家乔姆斯基提出的一个描述语法的一个术语，内他在1957年所写的《容语法结构》的出版是转换-生成语法诞生的标志。简单的说，转换-生成语法理论研究的是人类为什么会说话以及如何了解新的句子。

⑹ 求一篇英语论文，关于转换生成语法的（Transformational-generative grammar）1500字左右

As we refer to the transformational-generative grammar, we must talk about A. N. Chomsky and his transformational-generative grammar. Because Chomsky, being a student, thought that the classification of structural elements of language according to distribution and arrangement had its limitations, he decided to open up a new route. In 1957, he published his book Syntactic Structures, and the publication marks the beginning of the Chomskyan Revolution. From its birth to the present day, TG Grammar has seen five stages of development. The classical theory aims to make linguistics a science.
There is a language acquisition device called by Chomsky. He believes that language is somewhat innate, and that children are born with it. The theory reflects that children are born with the knowledge of the basic grammatical relations and categories, and this knowledge is universal. Besides, this knowledge throws some light on the nature of the human kind. Chomsky’ innateness hypothesis is based on his observations that some important facts can never be otherwise explained adequately. And his theory suggested that although babies are not born knowing a language, they are born with a predisposition to develop a language in much the same way as they are born with a predisposition to learn to walk.
The next stage is that the development of the Generative Grammar. For it, Chomsky simply means a system of rules that in some explicit and well-defined way assigns structural descriptions to sentences. He believes that every speaker of a language has mastered and internalized a generative grammar that expresses his knowledge of his language. A generative grammar is not limited to particular languages, but to reveal the unity of particular grammars and universal grammars. It does not describe one language as an end, but as a means to explore the universal rules in the hope of revealing human cognitive systems and the essential nature of human beings.
The third is the classical theory. In the classical theory, Chomsky’s aim is to make linguistics a science. This theory is characterized by three features: (1) emphasis on generative ability of language; (2) introction of transformational rules; and (3) grammatical description regardless of meaning. The main idea can be found in Chomsky’s Syntactic Structures.
The fourth theory, the Standard Theory, is marked by Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. After the publication of his Syntactic Structures, Chomsky found serious problems that called for solution in order to reach his theoretical goals. The first problem is that the transformational rules are too powerful. An ordinary sentence can be transformed at will, negated, passivised, with certain elements added or deleted, without restrictions. The second problem is that his rules may generate ill-formed sentences as well as well-formed ones. In his Aspects of the Theory of Syntax, Chomsky made a remarkable change by including a semantic component in his grammatical model. He says that a generative grammar should consist of three components: syntactic, phonological and semantic.
The extended standard theory is the fifth theory. Chomsky revised his standard theory twice. In spite of the revisions of the classical theory made in the standard theory, there are still a lot of problems to be solved. Firstly, the transformational rules are still too powerful, tor they can move or delete linguistic segments, change the categories, keep the original meaning intact, and vary according to specific circumstances. Secondly, the standard theory holds that derived nouns such as criticism and explanation have the same semantic properties with their corresponding verbs.
In the 1980s, Chomsky’s TG Grammar entered the fourth period of development with the theory of government and binding. It consists of X-bar theory, Bounding theory, Government theory, Case theory, Control theory and Binding theory. Although all others had been mentioned in EST, the GB Theory further developed and complemented the discussions in EST.
Generally speaking, the development of TG grammar can be regarded as a process of constantly mineralizing theories and controlling the generative powers, and the Minimalist Program and the Minimalist Inquiries are just some logical steps in this process. Although TG Grammar has involved putting forward, revising, and cancelling of many specific rules, hypotheses, mechanisms, and theoretical models, its aims and purposes have been consistent.
Chomsky’s TG Grammar differs from the structural grammar in a number of ways: (1) rationalism; (2) innateness;(3) dective methodology;(4) emphasis on interpretation;(5) formalization;(6) emphasis on linguistic competence;(7) strong generative powers;(8) emphasis on linguistic universals.
First, Chomsky defines language as a set of rules or principles. Second, Chomsky believes that the aim of linguistics is to proce a generative grammar which captures the tacit knowledge of the native speaker of his language. This concerns the question of learning theory and the question of linguistic universals. Third, Chomsky and his followers are interested in any data that can reveal the native speaker’s tacit knowledge. They seldom use what native speakers actually say; they rely on their own intuition. Fourth, Chomsky’s methodology is hypothesis-dective, which operates at two levels: (a) the linguist formulates a hypothesis about language structure----a general linguistic theory; this is tested by grammars for particular languages, and (b) each such grammar is a hypothesis on the general linguistic theory. Finally, Chomsky follows rationalism in philosophy and mentalism in psychology.

⑺ 关于英语转换生成语法

1。转换生成语法:它产生于20世纪50年代，由形式语法学家乔姆斯基提出。他认为仅仅描写语法形式是不够的，而要探索隐藏在语法行为背后的人类普遍的“语法能力”，这种语言能力通过一套“深层结构”向“表层结构”的转换规则，从而把意义和形式结合起来，把静态描写提高到动态描写。

2。美国认知语言学家乔姆斯基（A·N·Chomsky）的转换生成语法认为，语言是受规则支配的体系，人具有天生的语言习得机制和语言能力。人类使用语言不是靠机械模仿和记忆，而是不断理解、掌握语言规则、举一反三地创造性地运用语言的过程。

找到一个图，发不上来，用流程画给你看下

语法→转换部分→表层结构→语音部分→句子的语音表现
|
基础部分→深层结构（指向转换部分）→语义部分→句子的语义表现

简单的说，转换-生成语法理论研究的是人类为什么会说话以及如何了解新的句子。上图是一个转换-生成语法的理论框图。乔姆斯基认为语言学家只需要制定上图中突出显示的四个部分的规则。上图也是转换-生成语法的理论内容的示意图：语法主要包括基础和转换两个部分，基础部分生成深层结构，深层结构通过转换得到表层结构，语义部分属于深层结构，它为深层结构作出语义解释。语音部分属于表层结构并为表层结构作出语音解释。

⑻ 互相转换 英语怎么说

互相转换
Mutual conversion
转换
[词典] conversion; convert; transform; change; switch;
[例句]转换生成语法局限专性更大属。
Transformational grammars are more restrictive.