① 人教版初二英语上册语法知识
初二英语上册语法知识主要有：1、形容词和副词的比较等级（原级，比较级和最高级）
比较级是用于两者间的比较，即比较级+than 结构。最高级表示三者或三者以上的人或事物的比较，形容词最高级前一定要加the ,后面可以带of 或in 短语来说明比较范围。如 He is the tallest in our class,
2. 要掌握as --as --和not as(so ) --as--句式。表示两者当中在某一方面相同时用as --as --,如I think science is as important as math.表示甲在某一方面不如乙时要用not as (so) --as--如He did not come as\so early as Wang Lin.
3动词的种类：分行为动词、连系动词、助动词、和情态动词四种。
4、动词的时态。
（1）现在进行时可以用来表示按计划或安排将要进行的动作，有意图或打算等含义。如
What are you doing for vacation? I'm visiting my friends in Hong Kong.
(2) "be going to +动词原形”表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。如
We are going to the Great Wall on Sunday morning.
5, 简单句的五种基本类型
S +V We often exercise.S + V +O He likes swimming.S +V+ P They are my friends.
S +V +INO+ DO .She gave me a gift. S+V+O+OC He made the boy laugh.等
6宾语从句：（1）由that 引导（that 在口语或非正式文体中常省略）如
I don't think (that ) she can speak French.
(2) 由连接代词或连接副词引导，如
I want to know where she lives.
(3) 由whether 或if 来引导（口语中常用if )
She asked me if she could borrow these books.
② 八年级英语上册语法大全人教版 所有语法 所有单元
leavesbbyoneself独自留下某人needn't=don'thaveto不需it's 形容词 todosthmakesbdosth让某人做某事letsbdosth让某人做某事enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime玩得开心tellsb(not)todosth告诉某人做某事asksb(not)todosth询问某人做某事be(not) 形容词 enouth todosthbe too 形容词 todosthtakecareof=lookafter照顾each of固定搭配assoonas一……就want,agree,ask,begin,decided,listen,hope,learn以上词语后跟todosthfinish,enjoy,keep,mind,miss,practise以上词语后跟doingsthstop,forget,remember以上词语后可跟todosth也可跟doingsth。比如“forgettodosth”意思是“忘记去做某事（表示事情还没做）”，“forgetdoingsth”则表示“忘了做过某事（表示事情已经做了）”，如此类推，其余两个用法相同。seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事seesbdosth看见过某人做某事makeit 形容词 todosthenjoy/help/teach oneself靠自己reach=getto=arrivein/at注：arrivein表示到达较大的地方，比如一个国家，一座城市等；arriveat表示到达较小的地方，如学校，电影院等。havebeento曾经去过某地（现在已经回来了）havebeenin一直在某地（现在仍在某地）havegoneto去了某地（现在正在去的途中，还没回来）现在完成时：have(has) 动词过去分词lookforwordto 动词ingdivededinto把……分成alittle=abitof一点点too……to 动词原形现在完成时的动词短语变化：began→beoncome/arrive→beherego/leave→beawaybuy→havedie→bedeadborrow→keepjoin→beamember(in)in 一段时间表示将来将来时表达形式：begoingtodosth=willdosth=bedoingsthdoone'sbest=tryone'sbest尽力去做某事afraidto 动词afraidof 名词usetodosth过去常做某事didn'tusetodo=usen'ttodo过去不做某事nolonger=notanylonger现在不做某事fillwith=befullof装满gotobed上床去睡觉gotosleep入睡fallasleep从上床到入睡的全过程（动态）beasleep睡着（静态）on 具体某天的早上/下午/晚上makeoutof用……做出abit 形容词abitof 名词afew（用于可数名词肯定句）few（用于可数名词否定句）alittle（用于不可数名词肯定句）little（用于不可数名词否定句）many（用于可数名词）much（用于不可数名词）bit（可数与不可数两者均可
③ 人教版八年级上册英语语法（新课标）
第一课是一般将来时：主语+will/shall(只用第一人称）+动词原形+其他 第二课主要掌握的是should和版could两个情态权动词的用法，情态动词后面直接加动词原形。 第三课过去进行时：主语+was（were）+v-ing+其他 第四课直接引语变间接引语 第五课if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时第六课，现在完成进行时：主语+have（has）been+v-ing+其他 第七课would you mind+v-ing could you please +动词原形 第八课，提建议的方法 第九课现在完成时：主语+have（has）+动词的过去分词 第十课反义疑问句，前肯后否，前否后肯。谢谢，希望对你有帮助~！
④ 求英语人教版八年级上册的语法
准时 on time 欢迎返校。 Welcome back to school.
去野外旅行 have/go on a field trip 去远足 go hiking
去野餐 have/go on a picnic 后天 the day after tomorrow
前天 the day before yesterday 山顶 the top of a mountain
被……绊倒 trip over 赶快 hurry up 我同意 I agree
系好我的鞋带 tie my shoes 走错路 go the wrong way
昨晚 last night 下星期 next week 相聚 get
Jim Allan Green 王 小明
(first name)(middle name)(family name)(family…)(given…)
( given names )( last name )
姓名的意义 the meaning of a name 南瓜饼 a pumpkin pie
你打算做什么(加未来的时间)？What are you going to do …?
他们在到达那里的途中遇到了一些麻烦。
They have some problems getting there.
我们一边远足一边吃时新水果会有许多乐趣。We are going to have lots of
沿着……走 go along/walk along/go down
问路句型:
Excuse me. Where is the (nearest) …,please?
Excuse me. Is there a …… near here?
Excuse me. How can I get to the ……?
在第……路口向左/向右转
take the 序数词turning on the left/right
离这里大约有……公里远It is about … kilometer(s) away.
沿着左/右走大约还有……米
It is about … meters along on the left/right.
喜欢做运动 like doing sports 做同一件事 do the same thing
喜欢做某事（含有享受欣赏的意思） enjoy doing sth
乘坐……路车去上班 catch/take the NO. … bus to work
找到；发现（需费时费力）find out
听到这个(消息)我很难过/遗憾 I am very sorry to hear that.
将……带到这儿来/带到那儿去 bring sth here/take sth there
照顾好你自己 look after yourself 保持健康 keep healthy
分秒必争 every minutes counts 打电话 make telephone calls
出门 go out/be out在早餐/午餐/晚餐时 at breakfast/lunch/supper(dinner)
我希望你现在好多了。I hope you are better now.
开始/着手干某事 start/begin to do/doing sth
结束/完成干某事 finish doing sth
早餐之前你做了什么？What did you do before breakfast?
忘记要去做某事/记着要去做某事
forget to do sth/remember to do sth
忘记已经做了某事/记得已经做了某事
forget doing sth/remember doing sth
他说的每句话/他做的每件事 everything he said/he did
听……/听到 listen to…/hear 看……/看到 look at…/see
找……/找到 look for…/find 起先/最后 at first/at last
询问某人有关……ask sb about 出生于 be born
关于……的每件事 everything about…
要求某人做某事 ask sb to do sth 向某人要某物 ask sb for sth
你出生在哪里/什么时候？Where/When were you born?
一直；始终 all the time 摇滚乐队 the rock band
开音乐会 give a concert 在音乐会上 in(at) the concert
中央电视台记者 a journalist from CCTV
被称为甲壳虫的著名乐队 a famous band called The Beatles
你出生时谁给你取的名字？Who named you when you were born?
五千多人 more than five thousand people
发生了一次事故 have an accident 跌倒 fall down
继续/继续做某事 go on/go on doing sth
非常粗心大意/小心仔细 be very careless/careful
一些他们最著名的歌曲 some of their most famous songs
忘记过去 forget the past 在某人的心里 in one’s heart
在……的结尾/开始 at the end of…/at the start of …
在……的中间 in the middle of… 在音乐会后after the concert
在中国的其他一些地方 in some parts of China
在中国的大部分 in much of China/in most parts of China
在中国的哪一地区 which part of China/which place in China
许多其他的游客 many other tourists 匆忙地 in a hurry
在……以前 before…… 在……以后 after……
(一段时间)以前/以后 ……ago/later 如果…… if……
在……的时候 when……在语言方面很擅长 be good at languages
科学家/自然科学 science/scientist 结婚 get married
足球世界杯 the Football World Cup 上演；放(唱片)等put on
你在学校里最喜爱的学科 your favourite subject at school
每个人 everyone/everybody 任何人 anyone/anybody
一些人；某个人 someone/somebody 没有人 no one/nobody
一切事(物) everything 任何事(物) anything
一些事(物)；某个事(物) something 没有事(物) nothing
从……持续到…… last from … to …
询问日期: What is the date today？(注意过去与现在的时态
询问星期: What day is it today? 变化 is --- was)
询问天气: What is the weather like today / in + 地点？
变得更暖/冷/长/短 get warmer/colder/longer/shorter
变绿/黄 turn green/yellow 开花;发芽 come out
在田野里 in the fields 打电话给…… ring up sb/ring sb (up)
在一年的(天气)坏时节里 at a bad time of year
你说话的口音/方式 the way you speak 三月下旬 late March
与……不同 be different from… 暖和的衣服 warm clothes
这是个容易/难以回答的问题。That is an easy/a hard question.
喜欢……更胜于…… like…better than… 以后 later on
其他任何一个…… any other +单数名词
需要去做某事 need to do sth 几乎相同 be nearly the same
完全相反 be the opposite 这是真的。That’s true.
访问中国最好的时间 the best time to visit China
今天天气好冷啊！ What a cold day (it is today)!
How cold it is today! 我恐怕(担心，害怕……) I’m afraid
这个问题的答案 the answer to this question
滑旱冰 go roller-skating 学校操场school playground
给某人一个电话 give…a ring/call 有时；偶尔 at times
淮河以北将有一场大风。There will be a strong wind to the
north of the Huai River. 在中国的西部in the west of China
北京在中国的北方。 Beijing is in the north of China.
日本在中国的东面。 Japan is to the east of China.
天气预报 a weather report 在东北/西北 in the Northeast/Northwest
在白天/黑夜 in the day(daytime)/in the night
保持在零度以上 stay above zero 降到零度以下fall below zero
高温/低温 the high/low temperature 爬山 climb the mountain
看书/洗衣服/搞卫生 do some reading/washing/cleaning
在下雨天 on rainy days 一次聚会 a get-together
在世界各地 across the world 感到快乐/悲伤 feel happy/sad
祝贺与应答: ---Happy New Year! ---The same to you.
---Happy birthday! ---Thank you very much.
邀请与应答: Would you like to …? I’d(would) love to.
Can you ……? Thank you for…….
I hope you can ……. I’m sorry, but I can’t …
请等一下。Hold on(打电话用)/One moment, please.
我恐怕我也许会晚一点。I’m afraid I may be a little late.
捎/留个口信 take/leave a message 翻过来 turn over
我可以为你捎个口信吗？Could/Can I take a message for you?
你可以为我留个口信吗Could/Can you leave a message for me?
我会将口信转告给…… I’ll(will) give… the message.
感谢你邀请我(们)。Thank you for inviting/asking me/us.
没有时间去做某事 there is no time to do sth
她其他的所有朋友 all her other friends 取出 take out
她的大部分/许多/一位朋友 most/many/one of her friends
生日礼物 birthday present 与……一样 be the same as…
什么也没有除了…… there is nothing but… 迟到be late for
缺课 be away from school 少于/多于/晚于less/more/laterthan
每隔多久(发生一次) how often 多久(指一段时间) how long
再多些/再来一块(个，张……) some more/one more
我可以吃一块蛋糕吗May/Could I have a piece of cake, please?
随便吃…… help yourself to… 只要一点点 just a little
你可以将……递给我吗? Could you pass me …, please?
一切都顺利吗?How’s everything going? 我们每个人each of us
在圣诞假期期间 ring the Christmas holiday
寒假/暑假 winter/summer holiday 春节 the Spring Festival
在1月19日下午 on the afternoon of January 19th
go to the movies 去看电影
look after=take care of 照顾
surf the internet 上网
healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
go skate boarding 去划板
keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
exercise=take (much) exercise=do sports锻炼
eating habits 饮食习惯
take more exercise 做更多的运动
the same as 与什么相同
once a month一月一次
be different from 与…不同
twice a week一周两次
make a difference to 对什么有影响
how often 多久一次
although=though虽然
as for至于
most of the students=most students大多数学生
shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物
activity survey活动调查
do homework做家庭作业
do house work做家务事
eat less meat吃更少的肉
junk food垃圾食物
be good for 对什么有益
be bad for对什么有害
want to do sth 想做某事
want sb to do sth想某人做某事
try to do sth 尽量做某事
come home from school放学回家
of course=certainly=sure当然
get good grades取得好成绩
help sb to do sth帮助某人做某事
=help sb with sth
a lot of vegetables=many vegetables许多蔬菜
hardly=not nearly / almost not几乎不
keep/be in good health保持健康
some advice 一些建议
eg: --he sometimes goes to work on foot
how often does he go to work on foot ?
---he sometimes goes to work on foot
how does he sometimes go to work
what’s the matter with you ? 你怎么啦？
=what’s wrong with you ?
=what’s the trouble ?
have a stomachache 胃疼=have a sore stomach
have a cold 感冒
have a fever 发烧
have a headache 疼痛=have a sorehead
have a cough 咳嗽
have a toothache 牙疼=have a sore tooth
have a sore throat 咽喉疼
have a sore back 背疼=have a backache
have sore eyes 眼疼
be sorry for sth 因某事抱歉
be sorry to do sth 做某事感道抱歉
lie down 躺下
have a rest 休息一会
hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶
see a dentist 看牙医
drink lots of water多喝水
traditional Chinese doctors传统中医
be stressed out 有压力的
a balance of yin and yang 阴阳平衡
for example 例如
be quiet=keep quiet保持安静
maybe=perhaps也许
too much yin太多的阴
be angry with sb对某人生气
eat herbs吃草药
eat a balanced diet饮食平衡
on the other hand 另一方面
get tired 疲倦的
healthy foods健康的食物
at the moment此刻 目前
have a lot of headaches经常疼痛
host family房东
need some conversation practice需要会话练习
1. I’m sorry to hear that.
2. It’s +adj +for (of) sb +to do sth
(1).It’s easy for you to carry the box .
(2).It’s very important to remember these words
(3).It’s very kind (nice) of you to help me
3. She should go to bed early
4. He shouldn’t eat anything = He should eat nothing
5. He may know = Maybe he knows
He may be at home.=Maybe he is at home.
6. I’m not feeling well = I don’t feel well=I feel ill.=I feel terrible.
7. I hope you feel better soon
8. Taking exercise is good for your health
9.I’m sorry for being late.=I’m sorry to be late.
babysit = look after照顾
go camping 去野因营
relax at home在家休息
go hiking 去远足
have a good time = have fun = enjoy oneself玩得很高兴
show sb sth = show sth to sb把什么给某人看
Please show me your photo.=Please show your photo to me.
get back to = return to回到 return=give back
go away for too long 离开很久
go to the mountains去爬山
next week下周
on Friday在星期五
go sightseeing去观光
go bike riding 去骑车
take walks散步
go fishing去钓鱼
rent videos租碟子
think about思考
decide to do sth决定做某事
He decides to go swimming.
decide on doing sth
He decides on going swimming.
some differences 一些区别
take a long vacation度长假
the beautiful countryside美丽的郊外
plan to do sth计划做某事书
I’m planning to finish Unite 5 this week.
forget all my problems 忘记所有的问题
can’t wait to do sth迫不及待做某事
at night在夜晚
spend on sth – spend in doing sth花费时间/金钱做某事
I spent five yuan on this book.=I spent five yuan buying this book.
=This book cost me five yuan=I paid five yuan for this book.
It took him three days to finish reading this novel.
sleep a lot睡足
in Europe在欧洲
speak French说法语
come from France来自法国
Canada’s Great Lakes加拿大的五大
Ask sb about sth 寻问某人某事
ask sb(not) to do sth叫某人做某事=tell sb (not) to do sth
The Great Wall长城
1. what are you doing for vacation ?
2. who are you going with ?
3. how long are they staying ?
I’m staying for three weeks.
4. he is going to Tibet
I’m going to see a film=go to the cinima
5. Sandy plans to have a party this weekend
take the subway乘地铁
take the bus
ride to
take a taxi
ride a bike
take the train
take the plane
take the boat
by bike = on the bike骑车
on foot 步行
walk to步行
get to = reach = arrive in (at)到达
by car = in a car乘小汽车
by bus = on the bus
by boat = in a boat乘船
leave for前往
have a quick breakfast匆忙地吃早饭
take a show 沐浴
the early bus早班车
the bus station车站
take … to 把什么带走
take with 携带
the bus ride乘车旅行
get to school到达学校
go to school去上学
depend on依靠 决定于
It depends on the weather.
must be一定 (表肯定的推测)
around the world全世界
=all over the world
in other parts of the world世界的其它部分
not all students并非所有的学生
the ways of getting to school到达学校的方法
means of transportation交通工具
have to = must不得不 必须
Does he have to stay at home?
Must I go now?
a number of = a lot of许多A number of students don’t like to stay at home on weekends.
the number of什么的总数量
The number of students in our class is 49.
ill in hospital生病住院
He is a sick boy=He is ill.
worry about sb担心某人
be worried about
thank you so much 多谢你
think of考虑
1. Now does Nina get to school
2. how far do you live from school ?
3. How far is it from your home to school ?
4. How long does it take ?
5. It takes sb some time to do sth
It takes us two hours to finish our homework every day
It took the workers two years to build the bridge
6. He walks to school every day = He goes to school on foot every day
7. My father takes his car to his office
8. =My father goes to his office in his car(by car)
= My father drives to work
9. We usually take the plane to Shanghai = We usually fly to Shanghai
= We usually go to Shanghai by plane /air
10. How can I get there ? =could you tell me how I can get there ?
11. Which is the way to (get to) the park ?
12. Could you tell me how to get to the park.
have a piano lesson上钢琴课
study for a test备考
go to my guitar lesson
have too much homework有太多的家庭作业
Thanks for doing sth
= Thank you very much for sth因某事感谢某人
Thank you for telling me the good news.
I’d love to 我非常愿意
play tennis打网球
the day after tomorrow后天
invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
I want to invite you to come to my home.
Thank you for your invitation.
the whole day整天= all day
the geography project地理课
discuss the science report讨论科学报告
practice the piano练钢琴
watch football match看足球赛
come over to过来
go to the mall = go shopping 去购物
eg: --can you come to my party on Wednesday?
--Yes. I’d love to Sorry .I can’t .
what’s today ?
It’s Monday the 14th .
Thanks a lot for your invitation to have dinner
Thanks a lot for inviting us to come to your party
I’m playing tennis with the school tear
= I’m going to play tennis with the school team.
I have a really busy week
= I’m really busy the week
Why not go with me ? = Why don’t you go with me ? = How about going with me ?
in common 共同点
in some ways 从某些方面
as you can see正如你看到的
both … and… 两者都
both of us我们两都
look different看起来不同
enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事=like doing sth
look the same = look alike看起来一样
as …… as 和什么一样
the same as
not as /so ……as不如
a little taller稍稍高一点
much bigger大得多
much more out going 外向得多
begin with = start with从什么开始
be interested in doing sth对什么感兴趣
This story is very interesting.
He is interested in playing computer games.
be excited to do sth做某事很兴奋
The movie is very exciting.
be good at doing sth
= do well in doing sth在某方面很好
make them laugh使他们笑
make sb do sth使某人做某事
be good at schoolwork功课好
opposite views相反的观点= idea opinion
be good with sb
= get on well with sb与某人相处融洽
tell jokes讲笑话
get the job 获得工作
do the same thing做同样的事
two years ago两年前
stay at home待在家里
1. Who is more athletic, Gao Yang or Li Zong ? 2. which is cheaper, the first one or the second ore ?
3. Holly’s best friend likes to do the same things as she does.
4. Sandy is quiet , sunny is quiet , too.= sandy is quiet ,so is Sanny
5. Both father and mother are doctors Both of my parents are doctors
6. I’m as tall as you He is not as funny as Jim = Jim is funnier than him
7. English is not difficult as science =Science is more difficult than English
= English is less difficult than Science 8. Tina is shorter than Tara.
Unit 2 what’s the matter?
一. 身体部位的表达
1. head 头
2. neck 脖子/颈
3. shoulder 肩膀
4. arm 胳膊
5. hand 手
6. finger 手指
7. stomach 胃
8. back 背
9. leg 腿
10. knee 膝盖
11. foot 脚
12. face 脸
13. eye 眼睛
14. ear 耳朵
15. nose 鼻子
16. mouth 嘴巴
17. tooth 牙齿
18. throat 喉咙
二. 病情的表达
1. have a cold 患感冒
2. have a fever 发烧
3. have a headache 头痛
4. have a stomachache 胃痛
5. have a toothache 牙痛
6. have a sore throat 喉咙痛
7. have a sore back 背酸痛
8. have a sore neck 脖子痛
三. 如何给建议
1. see a doctor 看医生
2. drink lots of hot water 多喝热水
3. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的热茶
4. see a dentist 看牙医
5. take some medicine 吃药
6. shouldn’t eat anything 不该吃任何东西
7. lie down and (have a ) rest 躺下休息
8. go to bed early 早点睡觉
9. listen to music 听音乐
10. shouldn’t’ eat any more … 不该再吃…
四. 看病的表达
1. What’s matter? 怎么了?
2. I’m not feeling well. I have a … 我感觉身体不适, 我得了…
3. When did it start? 什么时候开始的?
4. It started … ago. ….前开始的.
5. That’s too bad. You should / shouldn’t … 那太糟糕了. 你应该/不该…
6. Yes, I think so. / That’s a good idea. 是的, 我也这样认为. / 好主意.
7. I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你早点好起来.
五. 重点短语
1. lie down 躺下
2. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶
3. feel better 感觉好点
4. get tired / angry / stressed out 变得疲惫/生气/紧张,有压力
5. traditional Chinese doctors 传统中医
6. a balance of… ……的平衡
7. for example 例如
8. too much 太多
9. Chinese medicine 中药
10. western countries 西方国家
11. eat a balanced diet (吃)一个均衡的饮食
12. a few 一些 / 少许
13. stay / keep healthy 保持健康
14. need to do sth. 需要做某事
15. at the moment 现在 / 此刻
16. host family 寄宿家庭
由于字数限制已到，只弄了一半
⑤ 人教版八年级上册英语各单元语法
1--4单元
初二英语语法总结
1) leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如：
When did you leave Shanghai?
你什么时候离开上海的？
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如：
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.
下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?
你为什么要离开上海去北京？
2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：
How should I know? 我怎么知道？
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？
should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：
We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点：
1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如：
You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如：
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。
3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如：
We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
3) What...? 与 Which...?
1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如：
What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？
该句相当于：
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如：
---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特？
---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。
2. What...?是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制；而 Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。如：
What color do you like best? （所有颜色）
你最喜爱什么颜色？
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? （有特定的范围）
你最喜爱哪一种颜色？
3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如：
Which pictures are from China?
哪些图片来自中国？
4) 频度副词的位置
1.常见的频度副词有以下这些：
always（总是，一直） usually（通常） often（常常，经常） sometimes（有时候） never（从不）
2.频度副词的位置：
a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如：
David is often arrives late for school. 大卫上学经常迟到。
b.放在行为动词前。如：
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天经常在7：10去上学。
c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。如：
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike. 有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。
3.never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。如：
Never have I been there.
5) every day 与 everyday
1. every day 作状语，译为“每一天”。如：
We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7：10去上学。
I decide to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。
2. everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
What's your everyday activity? 你的日常活动是什么？
6) 什么是助动词
1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（Auxiliary Verb）。被协助的动词称作主要动词（Main Verb）。
助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用，例如：
He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。
（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义）
2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：
a. 表示时态，例如：
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已结婚。
b. 表示语态，例如：
He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句，例如：
Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗？
Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗？
d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如：
I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气，例如：
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
3.最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
1.forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
forget doing 忘记做过某事。 (已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
别忘了明天来。 (to come动作未做)
典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh，I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
2.remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做)
remember doing 记得做过某事 (已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2.of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
3.for 与of 的辨别方法：
用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：
You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。
He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)
9) 对两个句子的提问
新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势，现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如：
句子：The boy in blue has three pens.
提问：1.Who has three pens?
2.Which boy has three pens?
3.What does the boy in blue have?
4.How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很显然，学生多了更多的回答角度，也体现了考试的灵活性。再如：
句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提问：1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such与不定冠词的使用
1.so与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如：
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如：
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况
1.在进行时态中。如：
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be结构中。如：
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems结构中。如：
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介词后面。如：
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball.
Unit 5
come to 来到
have /take a piano lesson 上一节钢琴课
would love to…愿意…一
too much太多
play soccer踢足球
go to the doctor去看医生，去看病
study for a test 准备考试
have to不得不；必须
the day after tomorrow 后天
the science report科学报告
1．Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
你星期三能来参加我的晚会吗?
2．Sorry。I can't．I have a piano lesson.
对不起，我不能。我要上钢琴课。
3．Sure．I'd love to．当然，我愿意。
4．I'm playing soccer．我在踢足球。
5.I have too much homework(to do) this weekend ．这个周末我有太多家庭作业(要做)。
6．I have to go to the doctor．我得去看医生。
7．On Thursday，I'm studying for a test．周四，我要备考。
8．I can't join you because I have to help my mom? 我不能参加，因为我要帮我妈妈干活。
9．I'm having a piano lesson the day after tomorrow?后天我要上钢琴课。
10．Can you come over to my house to discuss the science report'：你能来我家讨论这份科学报告吗?
Unit 6
be outgoing爱抛头露面
short hair短发
more athletic更健美
as…as同……一样…
the same as 同……一样
lots of许多
look the same看起来一样
be good at /do well in 擅长 …
make sb．1augh使……发笑
3 centimeters taller高了三厘米
1．I'm more outgoing than my sister．我比我妹妹更爱出风头。
2．He has shorter hair than Sam．他的头发比山姆的短。
3．Tom is more athletic than Sam．汤姆比山姆更健美。
4．Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.刘莹不如她姐姐擅长体育。
5．Both girls go to lots of parties．两个女孩都参加了许多晚会。
6．In some ways we look the same，and in some ways we look different?在某些方面，我们看起来一样，在某些方面，我们看起来不同。
7．My good friend is good at schoolwork．我的好朋友爱好干学校事务。
8．I think a good friend makes me laugh．我认为好朋友会使我发笑。
9．I'm about 3 centimeters taller now．我现在(比以前)高了3厘米。
⑥ 人教版初二上册英语语法总结
初二来：
人称代词自：主格，宾格，形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词
形容词，副词的比较级
可数名词与不可数名词
冠词介词基数词序数词
句法：肯定，否定，一般疑问，祈使，直接引语改间接引语，让步状语，there be
ing,一般现在，过去进行
⑦ 人教版初二英语语法。
1. so+谓语+主语：…也一样. 谓语:be动词/助动词/情态动词
2. so+主语+谓语:的确如此,真的这样.
3. help yourself/yurselves to．．．请随便吃点．．．
4. 发现sb做sth : find sb doing sth
5. 不完全同意I don’t really agree.
完全不同意I really don’t agree.
6. 或者．．或者．．．either…or…..就近原则
既不．．也不．．neither…nor….就近原则
既．．．．又．．．both…and….谓语用复数
7. 看起来，似乎It seems/seemed that…..
8. 由于．．．而闻名be famous for….
9. 餐馆就餐用语：a table for two/sit at the table by the window/here’s the menu/May I take your order?/could we have the bill?/That’s all.
10. 问路Which is the way to…/where is…/How can I get to…/Is there a..near here/Can you tell me the way to…/Can you tell me how I can get to…?
11. turn right at the third crossing/traffic lights在第3个路口往右拐＝take the third crossing on your right
12. 过桥go across the bridge=cross the bridge
13. 走到路的尽头go up this road to the end=go on until you reach the end.
14. at the street corner在街角
15. on sb’s way to….在sb去…的途中/路上
16. what’s the matter?=what’s wrong?=what’s the trouble?怎么了?
17. be sick in hospital/in bed 生病住院/卧床
18. Maybe it is there=it may be there可能在那里.
19. It takes/took/will take sb+时间+to do sth. Sb做sth花费了…时间
20. 路途遥远It’s (5 kms)far(away) from…=That’s quite a long way.
21. wait for…等待
22. 五分钟的步行/驾驶路程：five minutes’ walk/drive
23. 迷路lose sb’s way/sb be lost/sb get lost
24. just then=just at that time/moment就在那时
25. 首先first of all=at first
26. a big city like Tokyo像东京这样的大城市
27. It’s easy/interesting/important/ (for sb) to do sth.（对sb来说）做sth是容易的/有趣的/重要的.
28. if 条件状语从句：从句一般现在时，主句一般将来时。如：If it rains tomorrow, I will not go to the zoo.
29. at the head /end of…在…的前/尾部
30. 我的背很疼. My back hurts badly.
31. 为…做准备get /be ready for…
32. stop sb (from) doing sth.阻止/不让sb做sth
33. have a good/wonderful time=enjoy oneself 玩得很高兴
34. answer in a tired voice/with a smile 用疲惫的声音/面带微笑回答。
35. quarrel with sb on sth 为了sth与sb 吵架
36. complain about sth 为…而抱怨,投诉
37. 生病用语：sb have a headache=sb have a pain in the head 头痛，have a cough 咳嗽，have/catch a cold 感冒，have cancer 得了癌症。
38. have /take the medicine three times a day 吃药，每天3次
39. take sb’s temperature 量体温，look over 医生检查病人
40. drink more water 多喝水，take more exercise 多锻炼
41. sb醒来: sb wake up, //sb 醒着的：sb be awake
42. sb 睡着了入睡 be/fall asleep
43. 忙着…bu busy doing/with sth
44. as soon as… 一… 就 ...
45. sleeping pills安眠药，light music 轻音乐
46. again and again 再三地，一次又一次
47. dream about…梦见…; dream of… 梦想成为…
48. 系动词+形容词: be/smell/taste/sound/look/feel/turn/get/become
49. make trouble制造麻烦，惹是生非，make a noise 制造噪音
50. every five minutes 每隔5分钟
51. instead/instead of…代替，取而代之，反而
52. write to sb. 写信给sb
53. get enough sleep 睡眠充足；stay happy 保持心情开朗
54. on time 准时；in time 按时
55. sb had better (not) do sth， sb 最好（别）做sth
56. land on …登陆
57. pull…out of..=pull…up from…拉上来
58. 不定代词：something/anyone/nobody/everywhere等
59. we’re all by ourselves=we’re alone.单独，独自
60. feel a little afraid/don’t be afraid. 有点害怕/别害怕
61. perhaps=maybe也许，可能
62. not …until… 直到…才…
63. sooner or later 迟早，早晚
64. ran after追//ran to …向..跑去// ran away 逃跑了
65. eat up 吃光// use up 用完
66. take (good) care of ..=look after…照顾，保管
67. 我自学英语learn English by myself= teach myself English
68. learn to do sth 学会…
69. 记日记 keep a diary，写日记 write a diary
70. leave sb by oneself 单独留下sb
71. join in the League/Party 入团/党
72. 越来越…:比较级+and+比较级; more and more +多音节词。如：bigger and bigger , more and more interesting
73. 越…, 就越…: the +比较级，the +比较级。 如：越大越好：the bigger, the better
74. turn on/off 开/关（电器），turn up/down音量开大/小
75. the whole story=all the story整个故事,整件事情
76. 过了一会儿after a while/moment
77. make faces 做鬼脸
78. 名胜，景点interesting places=places of interest
79. my hometown in Zhejiang 我浙江的老家
80. 暑假summer holidays; 五一假期 May 1st holiday
81. a strong wind大风；in the wind 在风里
82. make sb do sth. 使/逼迫sb做sth
83. 倒装句（为了强调）There he is./ Away he went.
84. with these words. 说完这些话，说着说着（伴随状语）。
85. I don’t know how to use it yet. 我不知道怎样使用它。
where to go. 我不知道该去哪里。
what to do. 我不知道该做什么。
86. wait for sb’s turn to do sth 等着轮到sb做sth
It’s sb’s turn to do sth. 轮到sb去做sth
被动：be+动词过去分词
eg：The trees are planted every year.
过去完成时:
过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经发生的动作或情况，一般用在描述过去的某个时点已经发生过的动作或情况的句子中,即：过去的过去。如:
When we got there, the football match had already started.
当我们赶到时，足球比赛已经开始了。
过去完成时由“主语+had+动词过去分词”构成。其肯定句，否定句和疑问句结构如下：
肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其他.
否定句：主语+had not+过去分词+其他.
疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其他?
He had worked for two years by then. 到那时他已经工作两年了。
He hadn't worked for two years by then. 到那时他已经两年不工作了。
Had he worked for two years by then? 到那时他已经工作两年了吗？
三、过去完成时的基本用法
1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间之前已完成的动作，表示对这一过去时间造成的结果或影响。常用以下几种方式：
(1) 用by，before等构成的介词短语。 eg:
Linda had learnt 10 English songs by the end of last month.
到上个月底，琳达已经学了10首英文歌曲。
John had repaired that machine before midnight.
在半夜之前约翰已经修好了那台机器。
(2) 用when, before, after等引导的时间状语从句。如:
The train had started before we got to the station.
在我们到达车站之前，火车已经开了。
The plane had taken off when I reached the airport.
我到达机场时，飞机已经起飞了。
2. 过去完成时还可以表示过去某一时间以前发生开始的动作持续到
这一过去的时间。常与for, since引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。如:
I had worked in a hospital for three years before I came here.
我来这之前，在一家医院已经工作三年了。
He told us that he had worked here since 10 years before.
他告诉我他自从十年前就一直在这儿工作了。
⑧ 人教版八年级上册英语语法知识梳理
1) leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如：
When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如：
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？
2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：
How should I know? 我怎么知道？
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？
should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：
We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点：
1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如：
You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2.用于提出意见劝导别人。例如：
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。
3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如：
We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
3) What...? 与 Which...?
1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如：
What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？
该句相当于：
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如：
---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特？
---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。
2.What...? 是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制；而 Which...? 是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。如：
What color do you like best?（所有颜色）你最喜爱什么颜色？
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow?
你最喜爱哪一种颜色？ （有特定的范围）
3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如：
Which pictures are from China?哪些图片来自中国？
4) 频度副词的位置
1.常见的频度副词有以下这些：
always（总是，一直）
usually（通常）
often（常常，经常）
sometimes（有时候）
never（从不）
2.频度副词的位置：
a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如：
David is often arrives late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。
b.放在行为动词前。如：
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天经常在7:10去上学。
c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。如：
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I ride a bike.
有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。
3.never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。如：
Never have I been there.我从没到过那儿。
5) every day 与 everyday
1. every day作状语，译为“每一天”。如：
We go to school at 7:10 every day.
我们每天7：10去上学。
I decide to read English every day.
我决定每天读英语。
2. everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
What's your everyday activity?你的日常活动是什么？
6) 什么是助动词
1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（Auxiliary Verb）。被协助的动词称作主要动词（Main Verb）。助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用。例如：
He doesn't like English.他不喜欢英语。
（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义）
2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：
a. 表示时态，例如：
He is singing.他在唱歌。
He has got married.他已结婚。
b. 表示语态，例如：
He was sent to England.他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句，例如：
Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗？
Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗？
d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如：
I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气，例如：
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
3.最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
1.forget to do忘记要去做某事(未做)；forget doing忘记做过某事(已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
别忘了明天来。(to come动作未做)
典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh，I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
2.remember to do记得去做某事(未做)；
remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如：
easy, hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等：
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2.of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词。如：
good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
3.for 与of 的辨别方法：
用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：
You are nice.(通顺，所以应用of)。
He is hard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)
9) 对两个句子的提问
新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势，现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如：
句子：The boy in blue has three pens.
提问：1. Who has three pens?
2. Which boy has three pens?
3. What does the boy in blue have?
4. How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很显然，学生多了更多的回答角度，也体现了考试的灵活性。再如：
句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提问：1. Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2. Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3. What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4. With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5. What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6. When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such与不定冠词的使用
1.so与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如：
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如：
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况
1.在进行时态中。如：
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be结构中。如：
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems结构中。如：
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介词后面。如：
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball？
5.在以下结构中：
enjoy doing sth乐于做某事
finish doing sth 完成做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
go on doing sth 继续做某事
remember doing sth 记得做过某事
like doing sth 喜欢做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
find sb doing sth 发现某人做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth
看到/听到/观看某人做某事
try doing sth 试图做某事
need doing sth 需要做某事
prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
miss doing sth 错过做某事
practice doing sth 练习做某事
be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事
12) 英语中的“单数”
1.主语的第三人称单数形式，即可用“he,she,it”代替的。如：
he,she, it，my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如：
man（单数）---men（复数） banana（单数）---bananas（复数）
3.动词有原形，第三人称单数形式，-ing分词，过去式，过去分词。如：
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
当主语为第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如：
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.