❶ 七年级上册英语的语法知识
初一上册英语语法
1.there be 句型 “有”指 “某地有某物”形式 ：there is, there are
例：There is some food in the fridge。冰箱里有一些食物。
There are many books on the desk. 桌上有许多书。
区分：there is 用于修饰单数名词和不可数名词 ，例如：a book , an egg, milk， ice-cream .......
there are 用来修饰可数名词复数
如果要表达某处没有某物 则要用there be 句型的否定形式，即在there be 后加not ,即 there be not
形式：there is not (there isn't) there are not (there aren't)
例： There isn't any milk in a glass。
There aren't any vegetables in the fridge.
若表示是否有，则要用 there be 句型的疑问句 即把be 提前 Be there 形式 Is there , Are there
例：Is there any milk in the glass?
Are there any vegetables in the fridge?
注意：这里涉及some any 的用法 some 用于肯定句中，any 用于否定句和疑问句中。但是在表示请求的
疑问句中，是想要得到肯定答复的，要用some。例：Would you like some milk?
对于there be 疑问句的回答：肯定：Yes,there is\are. No,there isn't\aren't.
2.have\has got 有 指某人有某物
例：I have a dog.我有一只狗。
He has a sister and a brother.他有一个姐姐和一个弟弟。
区分 ：have\ has: have用来修饰第一人称和第二人称和第三人称复数（I ，we ，they) has用来修饰第三
人称单数（she, he , it ）
若表示某人没有某物，则要用否定形式，即在have\has got 后加not 即have not (haven't)got ,has not
(hasn't)got.
例：I haven't got a sister but i have a brother.
She hasn't got bright eyes and long hairs.
某人是否有某物则要用have\has got的疑问形式，Have\Has +sb.\sth. + got
Have they got a picnic at weekends?
Has the dog got a host family?
回答：肯定：Yes, i \we \they have. Yes , she\ he \ it has.
否定：No , i \ we \ they haven't. No, she \he \it hasn't.
注意：there be 和 have got 的区别 两者虽都指"有"，但侧重点不同。
例：《1》There are some food in the fridge.
<2>The fridge has got some food.
虽然都是“冰箱里有食物”但（1）句侧重于食物，（2）句侧重于冰箱。
3.be(am is are)
用法：我用am 你用are is连着她他它，单数用is，复数用are
例：I am a stident. She is a beutiful girl. He is a child. It is a dog.
You are my teacher. They are my friends, The boys all are England.
be 的否定形式 直接加not 即 am not, are not , is not.
例：I am not an English. I am Chinese.
She isn't kind. They aren't my friends.
疑问形式把be提前 即 be+ 主语......？
例：Is he your father?
Are they going to have a party?
回答：肯定：Yes, I am. Yes,she \ he \it is. Yes , you \ we \ they are.
否定： No, I am not. No, she \ he \ it isn't. No , you \ we \ they aren't.
be的句式， 所用情况：
1》be + 形容词（adj.). 例：I am very happy.
2> be+ 名词（n.) 例：He is a boy.
3> be + 介词短语 例：She is in the school.
4> be＋形容词短语例： He is only 11 years old.
5> be+ 副词 例：Class is over.
4. 情态动词 can
can 可以 能够，表示某人能做某事 用法：can+v.原 不能做某事，则用can 的否定形式：
cannot (can't)+v.原
can没有人称和数的变化,因此谁能（不能）做某事都能用can
若表示某人是否能做某事 则要用can 的疑问形式，即can+sb.……？
例：I can speak Chinese. I can't speak English. Can you speak English?
He can swim but he can't play football.
Can she play the piano?
疑问句回答 ：肯定：Yes, I \she \ you \ he \it \they \ we can.
否定：No, I \ she \ he \it \ you \ we \ they can't.
注意：can 表示“能力”时，指现在的能力，并不指过去或将来的能力。
5 . 情态动词would 想 主要用于 would you like to ...句型中，表示邀请。
例：Would you like to go to school with me ?
回答一般有两种形式：1 表示愿意：I' like \ love to. 2 拒绝：Sorry, 原因。
注意：would like to 本身并不表示邀请， 而是想要。例：I would like to some books.
另外，表示邀请还能说：Let's...... Shall we...... What \ How about.......
还要注意邀请时询问信息的表达方式：1）询问时间：When is... 2) 询问地点： Where is....
6 行为动词的一般现在时
用法：
1.如果表示某人经常性或习惯性做某事，则要用行为动词的一般现在时
He goes to school every day.
They eat dinner in the evening.
2.若表示某人现在的动态，也可用一般现在时。
I know him very well. 我和他很熟。
He likes English very much. 他非常喜欢英语。
若表示否定意义，若主语是第一人称或第二人称或第三人称复数，只要在谓语动词后加not，即do not
(don't) ，若主语是第三人称单数，则要在谓语动词后加does not (doesn't)
例：I don't go to school every day.
She doesn't goes to the shop every day.
You don' t sing vell well.
若表示是否经常做某事 则要用疑问意义，将do \ does 提前即可
例：Do you write a composition every day? 你每天写一篇作文吗？
Does it smell good? 它闻起来很香吗？
注意：行为动词的一般现在时中涉及了频度副词，用法：用于行为动词之前，be动词之后
常见的频度副词有：often ，always ， usually ， never ,seldom ，sometimes等
7.变法总结
名词变复数（1）一般在词尾加-s 例词：bags, vegetables ， books
（2）以s , x , ch , sh 结尾的加-es 例词: watches , boxes , buses ， brushes
(3)以o 结尾的加-es 例词：两人两菜：heroes 英雄 negroes 黑人 tomatoes 西红柿
potatoes 土豆
（4）以o 结尾的加-s 例词：zoos , zeros
(5) 以 辅音字母+y 结把y 变 i 加-es 例词：baby——babies ，city——cities
(6)以 f 或 fe 结尾 ，把f 或 fe变成 -ves 例词：beaf——beaves ， life——lives
第三人称单数变化形式和名词变复数变化形式相同
❷ 七年级上册英语语法归纳
七年级下册英语语法点总结(1)
七年级下册英语语法点总结(1)
分类：英语学习
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
一．短语：
1 ．be from = come from 来自于----
2． live in 居住在---
3． on weekends 在周末
4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人
5 ．in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国
6．pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目
7．the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约
8．speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎
9．go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动
二．重点句式：
1 Where’s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三．本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where’s the post office?
一． Asking ways: (问路)
1． Where is (the nearest) ……？ （最近的）……在哪里？
2． Can you tell me the way to ……？ 你能告诉我去……的路吗？
3． How can I get to ……？ 我怎样到达……呢？
4． Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……吗？
5． Which is the way to ……？ 哪条是去……的路？
二．Showing the ways: （指路）
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。
3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。
5. You’d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。（You’d better+动词原形）
三．词组
1. across from …… 在……的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面
2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之间
between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间
among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
课室前面有棵树。
in the front of…… 在……（内）的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
课室内的前部有张桌子。
5. behind…… 在……后面 behind my house 在我家后面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右边 on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边
on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边 on my left 在我左边
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿着……（街道） down/along Center Street 沿着中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的开始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端
in the beginning 起初，一开始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快
我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐出租车
16. 到达：get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17．go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street 横过马路
go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林
18．on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三．重难点解析
1．enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣，喜爱做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。
到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy，都是要带 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子。
2．hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。
hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。
（从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子，所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句，它又放在I hope 的后面，形成句中有句。）
3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球。
If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你饿了的话，你可以在超市买一些食物。
四．本单元的反义词、近义词配对
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?
一．重点词组
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute
play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals
at night in the day every day ring the day
二. 交际用语
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they’re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they’re kind of interesting.
3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.
4. What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too.
Why?
Because they’re friendly and clever.
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
6. She’s very shy.
7. He is from Australia.
8．He sleeps ring the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.
9．He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10．Let’s see the pandas first.
11．They’re kind of interesting.
12．What other animals do you like?
13．Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重点难点释义
1、kind of 有点，稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞。
kind 还有“种类”的意思
如：各种各样的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中国 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是专有名词，首字母都应该大写，而且和介词in连用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的，和蔼可亲的
它是名词friend的形容词形式，常常和be动词连用, be friendly。
The people in Cheng are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟，同，和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意区别与and的用法，and通常用于连接主语或宾语，连接主语时，
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之后，如：
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…”
I often play with my pet dog.
Don’t play with water!
5、day和night 是一对反义词，day 表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。
通常说in the day, ring the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 叶子
复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小时；点钟
hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”， 即：an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 来自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. （食用的）肉，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修
饰，即：much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 语法知识
特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头，对某一具体问题进行提问。
特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况：
1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如：
What’s your grandfather’s telephone number? 你爷爷的电话号码是多少？
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁？
Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节？
When is he going to play the piano? 他什么时候弹钢琴？
Where does he live? 他住在哪儿？
How are you? 你好吗？
How old are you? 你多大了？
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有几个兄弟姐妹？
2. 疑问句+陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如：
Who is on ty today?
今天谁值日？
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老师？
我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他？也是特殊疑问句，它是一种省略结构。
例如：
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜欢英语。你呢？
What about playing basketball? 打篮球怎么样？
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一．短语：
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物 / 把某物给某人
3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话
8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在医院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚报
二．重点句式及注意事项：
1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
三． 本单元中的名词复数。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves agree with sb 同意某人的看法 agree on sth 同意某事
arrive at/in sp 到达某地 ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事
ask sb not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事 be interested in sth 对某事感兴趣 be busy doing/with sth 忙于做某事 be strict in sth 对某事要求严格 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 decide to do sth 决定做某事 dislike doing sth 不喜欢做某事 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 find sb do/doing sth 发现某人做某事 finish doing sth 完成某事 give sb sth 给某人某物 give sth to sb 给某人某物 have fun doing sth 做…很有趣 help sb with sth 帮助某人某事 help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb sth=help sth to sb it’s time for sth 该做某事了 it’s time for sb to do sth 该某人做某事了
it’s time to do sth 该做某事了 like doing/to do sth 喜欢做某事
make sb do sth 让某人做某事 mind (sb) doing sth 介意（某人）做某事
pass sb sth 把某物递给某人 pass sth to sb 把某物递给某人
practice doing sth 练习做某事 remember doing sth 记得做过某事
remember to do sth 记得要做某事 see sb do/doing sth 看见某人做某事
show sb sth 给某人看某物 show sth to sb 给某人看某物
spend…(in) doing sth 花费…做某事 spend…on sth 花费…在某物上
start doing sth 开始做某事 start to do sth 开始做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事 stop to do sth 停下来再做某事
talk about sth 谈论某事 talk to/with sb 与某人交谈
tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事 want sth 想要某物
want to do sth 想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
watch sb do/doing sth 看见某人做某事 wish to do sth 希望做某事
would like to do sth 想要做某事