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英语高中必修四第一单元语法

发布时间:2021-03-06 14:47:50

1. 高中英语必修四语法

what根本不抄能出现在定语从句里。How也是。that代替先行词可以是人也可以是物,在从句里作主语,宾语,表语。which只能代替先行词是物,在从句里作主语,宾语,when 代替先行词是一个时间名词,在从句里做时间状语。where代替先行词是一个地点名词,在从句里作地点状语why代替先行词是一个原因名词,在从句里作原因状语

2. 高一英语必修四语法总结(外研社版)

您好, 高一英语必修四语法总结(外研社)
高一英语必修4

重要词汇拓展
1 achievement n.成就,功绩→ v.达到,完成,实现
2 welfare n 福利事业,福利
3. project n.方案, 计划,, 设计,工程, 企业, 事业,科研项目; 课外自修项目
vi. ①伸出, 突出 ②设想自已处身于(into)
4. specialist n.专家,专业工作者→special adj.特殊的,专门的→specialize vi.专攻,专门从事
5. connection n.连接,关系→connect v.连接
6. condition n. 状况(不可数),条件(可数),环境(复数)on no condition 决不
7.organization n.组织,机构,团体 organize—vt.组织;筹备, 成立; 使加入工会,使有条理
8.behave v.举止,表现→behavior n.行为,举止
9. shade n.阴凉处 v.遮住光线
10.▲ worthwhile adj.值得的,值得做的 It is worthwhile doing sth./ to do sth.
worth adj.值……,值得…… be worth doing
worthy adj.值得做的,可尊敬的 be worthy of sth/ being done be worthy to be done
11. observe v.观察,观测,遵守→observation n.观察,观测
12. respect v./n.尊敬,尊重,敬意→respectable adj.值得尊敬的,正派的,体面地→respectful adj.有礼貌的,恭敬的
13. argue .v.争论,辩论→argument n.争论,辩论 argued-adj 引起争论的
14.entertainment-n 款待,娱乐 entertain-v 款待;招待,娱乐,抱有,怀着(想法、疑问)
15. crowd n.人群,观众 v.挤满,使拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的
16. inspire v.鼓舞,激发→inspired adj.受到鼓舞的,有灵感的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人的→inspiration n.鼓舞,灵感
17 support v.支持,拥护→supporter n.支持者,拥护者
18.refer-vi 谈到,查阅,参考
19.intend v.计划,打算→intention n.打算,目的,意图
20.considerate adj.考虑周到的→consider v.考虑,认为
→consideration n考虑,体谅→considering prep考虑到
21.kind adj 仁慈的,和善的,友爱的kindness –n 仁慈,好意,善良
22.deliver v.递送,生(小孩),接生,发表(演讲等)→delivery n.投递,交货,分娩
23.modest adj 谦虚的,谦让的,适度的

重点短语梳理
1 devote…to (doing) sth.把…奉献给devote oneself to致力于,献身于 be devoted to专心致志于
2 human beings 人类
3 move off 离开,启程,出发
4 lead a…life 过着……的生活
5 crowd in 涌上心头,涌入脑海
6 look down on/ upon 蔑视,瞧不起
7 refer to 查阅,参考,谈到 (其中,to为介词)
8 by chance 碰巧,凑巧
9. come across 偶遇,碰见
10. carry on 继续,坚持 carry out 实行,执行,完成
11. be dressed in 穿着… dress as 打扮成…
12.fight for 为….而战 fight against 与…战斗
13.put to death判死刑
14. concern oneself with…关注… 注意…
15.intend to do sth./ doing sth. 打算做某事
16. in the shade of 在…的树荫下,在…的庇护下
17.gain doctor’s degree 获得博士学位
18. be considered as 被看做….
19.take turns to do sth 采取步骤做某事
20.do research on… 做…方面的研究
21.mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味着
22. by now 直到现在

重点句型再现
1 She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.
她花去多年的时间观察和记录它们的日常活动。
(spend+时间/金钱+doing sth 花时间或金钱去做某事)
2 Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 她的母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙;这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
(only位于句首并修饰状语,句子要发生部分倒装,将助动词或联系动词置于主语之前)
3 Following Jane’s way of studing chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.
我们一行人将按照Jane研究猩猩的方法去森林里拜访他们。
(-ing作方式状语。注意非谓语动词作状语时的区别:-ing主动/进行/延续,-ed被动/过去,to do主动/将来)
4.It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen carrer travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles 看起来她忙于所选择的和写作一样的到国外研究。
(It seemed that+从句:似乎是,看起来好像是。 as well as 还有)
5.What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients
后来使她成功的是她对所有病人献出的爱心和体贴。
(What made her succeed主语从句。了解what引导的名词性从句的译法,明白它们在句中的成分:作主语、宾语、表语、同位语)

语法剖析(主谓一致)
主谓一致,指人称和数方面的一致关系。分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致。
(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数。以下为注意事项:
1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数。如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质。No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。
2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数。如:
The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)
A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)
用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如:
Serving the people is my great happiness.
为人民服务是我最大的幸福.
When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.
我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.
Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.
No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.
Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。
5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:
Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。
6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如:
Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球.
More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到
More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们。
7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如:
None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人。
None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急。
8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如:
His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现 a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如:
A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。
9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词” 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:
Only one and a half apples is left on the table.
注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如:
One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点。
(二) 内容一致原则:
1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.如:
The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 剩下的自行车, 今天出售。
60%of the apple was eaten by little boy. 这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。
Most of the apples were rotten. 大部分的苹果都是烂的。
Most of the apple was eaten by a rat. 这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了。
2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of等作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如:
A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科书已运到。
A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig. 这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了。
3. 加减乘除用单数.如:
Fifteen minus five is ten . 15减去5等于10。
4. 表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数.如:
Ten miles is a good distance. 十英里是一个相当的距离。
5. (1) 通常作复数的集体名词. 包括police , people, cattle 等, 这些集体名词通常用作复数.如:
The British police have only very limited powers.
(2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词. 包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage 等.
(3) 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词. 包括 audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等.如:
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him. 委员会决定解雇他。
6. the +形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.如:
The injured were saved after the fire.
(三) 就近原则
1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:
Here comes the bus 公共汽车来了.
Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 给你一支钢笔和几张纸。
Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?
你不在这儿的时候, 你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢?
2. 用连词or, either.... or, neither….nor, not only….but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。 如:
Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 学生和老师都不知道这事.
He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的钢笔。
注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数。如:
Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。
The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中,定语从句的动词应为单数。
Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人。

重要词汇拓展
1 sunburn v.日晒,晒黑→sunburnt adj.晒黑的
2 struggle v./n.挣扎,奋斗,努力 struggle against struggle for struggle with
3 decade n.十年,十年期
4 super n.冗员, 额外人员; [口]特级品, 特大号商品; 超级市场adj特级的, 极好的, 非凡的
5. hunger n.饥饿,渴望/v.使饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的;渴望的
6.output n. 产量,输出,input 输入,消费
7.disturbing adj 引起烦恼的,令人不安的,disturb v. 打扰,麻烦
8.expand vt.扩大, 扩展,张开, 使发, 详谈; 引伸
9. circulate v.循环,流通→circulation n.循环,流传
10. battle n.战役,战斗 v.搏斗,奋斗
11. therefore adv.因此,所以
12. rid vt 摆脱,除去
13.freedom n 自由,自主→ free adj 自由的,免费的
14.equip v.配备,装备→equipment n.设备
15. export v.输出,出口 n.输出(品)→import v.输入,进口 n.进口(品)
16.nationality n 国籍,national adj 国家的,民族的 nation n. 国家
17.occupation n 工作,职业,占领 occupy v.占用,使从事,把注意力集中于...占领, 占据
18.confuse v.使迷惑,使为难→confused adj.感到迷惑的 confusing adj.令人迷惑的
19 regret v./n.后悔,遗憾→regretful adj.后悔的,遗憾的
20.proction n.生产,制造,proctive 可生产的,可制造的,proce –v 生产,制造
21.discovery n. 发现,发觉,discover-v 发现,
22.focus v. 集中,聚焦,n 焦点,中心点
23. rece v.减少,缩减→rection n.减少,缩减
24 comment n./v.评论,议论

重点短语梳理
1 if not 如果不…. If so 如果这样,
2.consider oneself sth 自认为是… consider sb sth 认为某人是…
3.since then 从那时起
4.search for a way to do sth 寻找做某事的途径。
5.thanks to 幸亏,由于,因为 (to为介词)
6.rid…of… 摆脱,除去 get rid of 除去…
7. be satisfied with 对……感到满意
8 would rather do than do宁愿,宁可…也不…=would do rather than do
9with the hope of 满怀希望..
10.in some way 在某种程度上
11.cause damage to 对… 造成危害。
12.build up 增强,强大
13. lead to 导致,造成(to为介词)
14. focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于
15. keep…from/of 使……免受(影响、伤害等)

重点句型再现
1. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.
袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
(what引导的名词性从句在句中作宾语)
2. The special strain of rice makes it possible to proce one-third more of the crop in the same field. 这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。
(makes it possible 中it为形式宾语,to do不定式短语为真正宾语)
3. It’s a great pity that 很遗憾的是….
4.Using his hybrid rice,farmers are procing harvest twice as large as before.
由于使用了他的杂质水稻,农民的丰收是以前的两倍。
(-ing动词短语作原因状语)

语法剖析(非谓语动词---动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语)
一、动词-ing形式作主语
● 动词-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性和习惯性的动作。动词-ing形式作主语通常放在句首,谓语用单数形式。例如:Listening to music is my sister’s hobby.
● 动词-ing形式作主语时,为了保持句子平衡,可以用it作形式主语。常用的结构:
1. It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ing
2. It is + nice / good / interesting / a waste of … etc. + v-ing 例如:
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
二、动词-ing形式作宾语
● 动词-ing形式既可作动词的宾语,又可作介词的宾语。
1. 以下动词或短语只接动词-ing形式作宾语:
admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, keep, mind, miss, suggest等动词; can’t stand, give up, feel like, keep on, think of, set about, dream of 等短语。
2. 在下列短语中,to是介词,后面应用动词-ing形式作宾语:
be / get used to, look forward to, devote…to, pay attention to, object to等。
3. 下列动词或短语既可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语,也可以跟不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别:
● like, love, prefer如表示经常性的行为后接动词-ing形式;如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式,但要注意:如果like, love, prefer前有would,后面则接动词不定式。如:Would you like to go shopping with me?
● 下列几组词接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同:
forget doing 忘记已做过某事; forget to do 忘记要做某事
remember doing 记得做过某事; remember to do 记住要做某事
mean doing 意思是,意味着; mean to do 打算做
regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do 遗憾要做某事
can’t help doing 禁不住做; can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做。
● 在allow, permit, advise等动词后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语,如果这些词后面有名词或代词作宾语,其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如:
We don’t allow smoking in the classroom.
We don’t allow students to smoke.
● 动词need, require, want作“需要”解时,其后用动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语,这时动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义。如:
Your coat wants washing. = Your coat wants to be washed.
三、动词-ing的复合结构
动词-ing的复合结构即:物主代词或名词所有格(作宾语时也可以用代词宾格或名词普通格) + 动词-ing。如:
Lucy’s turning up surprised everyone present.
Would you mind my / me using your mobile phone?
四、动词-ing的时态、语态以及否定形式动词-ing有一般式(doing) 和完成式 (having done) 两种时态,一般式的被动语态是being done,完成式的被动语态是having been done。动词-ing的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
动词-ing的否定形式是在doing之前加not。例如:
I’m sorry for not having told you the news earlier.

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学习快乐.
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3. 高中英语必修4语法

http://wenku..com/view/825b90d233d4b14e852468d6.html
在网络抄文库里找到好多那

4. 高一英语必修四语法

主谓一致是指:
1) 语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2) 意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3) 就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,

一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。
There is much water in the thermos.
但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Ten thousand tons of coal were proced last year.

并列结构作主语时谓语用复数

Reading and writing are very important.

注意: 当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel instry is very important to our life.

典型例题
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注: 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C.。本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别, monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。

主谓一致中的靠近原则

1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.

2)当either… or… 与neither… nor, 连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
Either you or she is to go.
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.

谓语需用单数

1) 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。
Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.

2) 当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
<<天方夜谭>>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。

3) 表示金钱,时间,价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语 时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可,意思不变。)
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
Ten yuan is enough.

- ing分词 看 参考资料 很详

构词法看这里http://ke..com/view/74735.htm?fr=ala0_1_1

5. 高中英语必修一到必修四有哪些语法知识点,详细归纳一下,谢谢

必修一到必修四的主要语法有:定语从句、时态语态、名词性从句、情态动词、非谓语和构词法。
每个单元具体语法如下:
必修一
Unit 1 Friendship 直接引语和间接引语(1)陈述句和疑问句
Unit2 English around the world 直接引语和间接引语(2)请求与命令
Unit 3 Travel Journal 现在进行时表将来
Unit 4 Earthquake 定语从句(1)(that,which,who,和whose)
Unit5 Nelson Mandela 定语从句(关系代词和关系副词)
必修二
Unit 1 Cultural relics 定语从句(限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句)
Unit 2 The Olympic Games 一般将来时的被动语态的结构与用法
Unit3 Computers 现在完成时的被动语态的结构与用法
Unit4 Wildlife Protection 现在进行时的被动语态的结构与用法
Unit5 Music 定语从句(介词+which)
必修三
Unit1 Festivals around the world 情态动词(1)
Unit2 Healthy Eating 情态动词(2)
Unit3 The million pound bank-note 宾语从句和表语从句
Unit4 Astronomy:the science of the stars 主语从句
Unit5 Canada-“The true North” 同位语从句
必修四
Unit1 Women of achievement 主谓一致
Unit2 Working the land 动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语
Unit3 A taste of English humour 动词的-ing形式作表语定语和宾语补足语
Unit4 Body language 动词的-ing形式作定语和状语
Unit5 Theme Parks 构词法

有帮助的话采纳下哈O(∩_∩)O~

6. 英语必修四第一单元的从句有哪些

从句(Subordinate Clause)是复合句中不能独立成句,但具有主语部分和谓语部分,由that、who、whom,when,why,where。how,which等引导词(Connective)引导的非主句部分。

中文名:从句
外文名:Subordinate Clause
特点:从句是复合句中不能独立成句
功能:具有主语部分和谓语

7. 高一英语人教版必修一至必修四的语法

英语书94页左右

就是语法

总结得很细

比较好懂

去看看吧

8. 高一英语必修四第一单元reading的重点句子及语法

高中英语必修四第一单元重点、难点
Unit One Women of achievement
1、Then we follow as they wander into the forest. 然后当它们向森林走去时,我们就跟随着。
wander
(1) 游荡;漫游
They wandered in Europe for three months. 他们在欧洲漫游了三个月。
His eyes wandered round the full house. 他用眼睛把整个房子扫视了一遍。
(2) 迷路乱走
Don’t wander off the road into the forest. 别离开大路进入森林。
The dog wandered off and got lost. 狗迷路走失了。
(3) 蜿蜒曲折
The river wanders through some very beautiful country.
小河蜿蜒曲折穿越漂亮的乡村。
The little stream wanders through the woods. 小溪从林中穿过。
(4) 胡想;说胡话
Don’t let your thought wander in class. 上课时思想别跑毛。
His mind wandered back to his college days. 他的思想又回到了大学时代。
2、 In pairs discuss what they have in common and what makes them great.
同桌互相讨论他们有什么共同点,什么使得他们很伟大。
common adj. & n.
(1)共同的,常见的
You ’ve made a common mistake again. 你又犯了个常见错误。
(2)共同的;公用的
Parks are common property to the city’s people. 城市的公园是这个城市的人的公共财产。
联想扩展:
have… in common 有共同之处
My son has nothing in common with me. 我儿子和我没有一点共同之处。
common ground 共同利益 common knowledge 人所共知的事 common sense 常识
易混辨析:
common , usual , ordinary , general 普通,通常
common 所有人或事物所共有的,常见的,普通的。“习见习闻”。
usual 由过去的经验可判断为正常或通常,是按照预测发生的。
ordinary 与一般实物的标准、品德、习俗相同,平凡而不特殊,强调平淡无奇。
general 广泛的,关联到同类中之全部。
3、She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children.
她把一生都献给了中国妇女和儿童的医疗事业。
devote… to… 献身于…
The old man has devoted all his life to teaching. 那位老人把一生献给了教育事业。
She devotes all her spare time to looking after her sick mother.
她把所有的空余时间都花在照顾生病的母亲上。
特别提示:
devote… to…句型中的宾语多用 (all) one’s life; (all) one’s time; one’s effort / efforts。
即时活用:
1、Although the working mother is very busy, she still _____a lot of time to her children.
A. devotes B. spends C. offers D. provides
答案:A
2、_____ two years to ________after the sick woman, she badly needed a holiday.
A. Devoting herself; look B. Devoted; looking
C. Devoting; looking D. Devoted; looked
答案:B
3、We should devote ______ the people in the earthquake area.
A. us to help B. us to helping C. ourselves to helping D. ourselves to help
答案:C
4、She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.
她花了几年时间观察并且记录他们的日常活动。
observe vt. & vi. 注意到;看到;观察
用法归纳:
(1)跟名词或代词
Did you observe anything strange? 你发现有什么奇怪的地方吗?
We observed a curious phenomenon that day. 那天我们发现了一个奇怪的现象。
(2)跟复合结构
Did you observe a man enter the building? 你看到一个人进入这栋大楼吗?
The policeman observed a car running on the left of the road and stopped it.
警察注意到一辆车行驶在路的左边就把它挡住了。
特别提示:
observe后跟复合结构时,一般跟省略了to的不定式或现在分词。但需要特别注意,被动句中不定式的to不能省略,另外,如果作宾语补足语的不定式是to be结构,to不能省略。
即时活用:
1、I observed two men in raincoat ______ the hall.
A. enter B. entering C. entered D. to enter
答案:B
2、He ____ that it had turned cloudy.
A.observed B. watched C. felt D.notice
答案:A
5、She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.
她主张应该让野生动物在野外生活,而不能用于娱乐或广告。
argue vt. & vi. 争论;辩论
用法归纳:
(1)argue with sb. about / over sth. = argue about / over sth. with sb. 关于某事和某人争论
What are you arguing about? 你们在争论什么?
I will not argue over the matter with you any more. 我将不再和你争论这个问题。
(2)argue sb. to be…说明
The way he spends money argues him to be rich. /that he is rich.
他花钱的方式说明他很富有。
The smoke from the chimney argues that there is someone in the house.
烟囱冒烟说明房子里有人。
(3)argue for / against 提出理由支持/反对
He argues against the use of animals in the experiment.
他提出理由反对在试验中使用动物。
Some students argue for the use of mobile phones in school.
一些学生支持在学校使用手机。
(4)argue sb. into / out of doing sth. 通过争论使…(不)做某事
The teachers argue the students out of bring electric procts to school.
老师们要求学生们不把电子产品带到学校。
They tried to argue us into going with them. 他们想说服我们和他们一起去。
易混辨析:
debate, discuss, argue, quarrel 争论;辩论
debate 用于正式场合,指辩论双方对一个问题进行全面的、彻底的辩论,有时含有针锋相对的意思。另外,debate 还有在裁判的监督下或根据一套规则进行的正式讨论。
discuss指“讨论”、“商量”的意思,侧重交换意见,讨论参与者着重阐明问题,而不是肤浅的陈述个人意见,态度较为严肃。
argue 为普通用语,表示“争辩”,即反对他人的意见,坚持自己的主见,并以推理的方式陈述、论证,试图说服他人,含愤怒的语气。
quarrel 意为“吵架”。
即时活用:
1、Truth develops through ____ between different views.
A. discuss B. argue C. debate D. quarrel
答案:C
2、 Do what you are told and don’t _____ me.
A. argue with B. argue against C. argue about D. argue into
答案:A
6、She is leading a busy life. 她过着繁忙的生活。
live / lead/ have a…life 过… 生活
Though he is rich. he leads a simple life. 虽然他很有钱,但他生活简朴。
We are now living a happy life. 我们现在过着幸福的生活。
7、Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.
一旦我停下来,这些就涌入我的脑海,我就想起黑猩猩在实验室的情形。
crowd in涌向;涌进 /out 涌出
Memories crowded in upon me. 记忆涌入我的脑海。
They crowded out to see the pop star. 他们涌出去看那个明星。
8、Her mother came to support her. 她妈妈支持她。
support vt.
用法归纳:
(1)支持;赞成
No matter what he does, I will support him. 无论他做什么,我都支持他。
Do you support the idea that we will retire in 65. 你赞成我们65岁退休的观点吗?
(2)支撑;搀扶
Three poles support the house. 三根柱子支撑着房子。
The old man is walking slowly with a stick supporting him. 那个老人拄着拐棍慢慢走。
(3)养活;赡养
I have to support a family of four. 我要养活一个四口之家。
The young should support the old. 年轻人要赡养老人。
9、Many people look down upon poor people. 许多人瞧不起穷人。
look down on / upon 看不起;蔑视
Women were looked down upon in the old days. 旧社会妇女被人瞧不起。
You shouldn’t look down on this kind of work. 你不能看不起这样的工作。
联想扩展:
look about 考虑 look after照顾 look at看;考虑 look back 回顾;回想 look for 寻找 look forward to 期盼 look in on拜访 look into 调查 look on 旁观;看待 look out 当心 look out for 当心;提放 look over 审阅;查看;检查 look through 浏览;仔细查看 look to 注意 look up 查出;看望 look up and down 上下打量 look up to 尊敬
10、If the word group refers to different members, use a plural verb.
如果集合名词指不同的成员,动词用复数形式。
refer to
用法归纳:
(1)指的是
What does the underlined word refer to in the passage? 短文中下划线词指什么?
When I say someone is stupid, I don’t refer to you. 当我说有人很蠢时,我不是指你。
(2)适用于
This rule refers to all of you. 这个规定适用于你们所有人。
The new regulation doesn’t refer to people under 45. 新规定不适用45岁以下人群。
(3)提到;谈到
Did he refer to me in his letter? 他在信中提到我了吗?
The Japanese Prime minister refered to the war and apologized to the Chinese people.
日本首相谈到了那次战争并向中国人民道歉。
(4)查阅
If you don’t know the meaning of a word, you can refer to a dictionary.
如果你不知道一个单词的意思,可以查字典。
Please refer to the last page for the answer. 请在最后一页找答案。
(5)让…处理
Let’s refer this matter to the teacher. 咱们让老师来处理这件事。
If anyone wants more information, please refer him / her to me.
如果有人想了解详情,让他 /她来找我。
(6)refer to…as把…称作
We refer to our teacher as our friend. 我们把老师当朋友。
It’s not right to refer to students as silly cows. 叫学生蠢猪是不对的。
特别提示:
refer的现在分词和过去分词形式分别是:referring ; referred
即时活用:
1、The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ____ his notes.
A. bringing up B. referring to C. looking for D. trying on
答案:B
2、The professor _____ in the letter is from Shanghai.
A. referred B. referred to C. referring D. referring to
答案:B
11、By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiao, a specialist in women’s diseases.
一次偶然的机会,我看到一篇有关一个妇科病专家叫林巧稚医生的文章。
by chance碰巧
I met him in the street yesterday by chance. 昨天我在大街上偶然碰到他。
The accident happened by chance. 事故是偶然发生的。
come across(偶然)遇见;碰见;想到
I came across this book in an old bookstore. 我在一个旧书店偶然看到这本书的。
He suddenly came across a good idea. 他突然想到一个好主意。
联想扩展:
come true come up with come to an end come to a stop come about come along前进;进展 come to oneself come at朝…扑过去 come back come out 发表
12、I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.
我细细的看了这篇文章,了解到那是专为农村妇女写的。
intend vt. 打算;有…意图
用法归纳:
(1)intend to do sth.
What do you intend to do today? 今天你打算做什么?
I didn’t intend to be rude to you yesterday. 昨天我没想对你不礼貌。
(2)intend sb. to do sth.
Did he intend us to share the cost? 他想让我们一起分担费用吗?
I intend you to do it by yourself. 我想让你独自做那件事。
(3)intend doing sth.
I intend coming to help you. 我本想来帮你。
What do you intend doing next? 下来你想做什么?
(4)intend that…
I intend that we shall arrive tomorrow. 我打算我们明天到。
The old man intends that his son will take over the business. 老人打算让他儿子接管生意。
联想扩展:
be intented for 专为…;打算给…
The prize was intended for the old man. 这个奖是专为那个老人设立的。
This film is intended for children. 这部电影专为儿童拍摄。
即时活用:
Those lovely flowers were ____ for your mother for her seventieth birthday, but as she is
away, I would be glad if you accept them.
A. devoted B. intended C. supplied D. proced
答案:B
13、There was story after story of how Lin Qiao, tired after a day’s work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.
数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累了一天之后,又在深夜去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生,而这些家庭常常是不可能给他报酬的。
deliver vt. & vi.
用法归纳:
(1)送;投递
Milk is delivered every morning. 牛奶每天早上送到。
We deliver goods to your door. 我们送货上门。
(2)作演讲;提出
Obama delivered a very important speech in Shanghai Jiaotong University.
奥巴马在上海交通大学做了重要演讲。
He delivered a new suggestion at the meeting. 他在会上提出了新建议。
(3)接生;给…接生
Lin Qiao delivered countless babies. 林巧稚接生了数不清的婴儿。
The doctor delivered Mrs Jones. 大夫给琼斯夫人接生。
联想扩展:
(1)deliver from 从…解脱出来;使解脱
Teachers should try to deliver students from heavy study.
老师们应该尽力把学生们从繁重的学习中解脱出来。
(2)deliver over / up (to) 移交;交给
The dying father delivered his business to his son. 快要死的父亲把生意交给了儿子。
(3)delivery n.送货;投递

9. 跪求高中英语必修四第一单元单词

Unit 1

achievement n. 成就;功绩
△Joan of Arc 圣女贞德
(法国民族女英雄)
△Elizabeth Fry 伊丽莎白?弗赖伊
(英国慈善家)
△Quaker n. 教友派信徒;贵格会会员
welfare n. 福利;福利事业
project n. 项目;工程;规划
institute n. 学会;学院;协会
△China Welfare Institute 中国福利基金会
specialist n. 专家;专业工作者
△specialize vi. 专攻;专门从事;专注于
△Jane Goodall 简?古道尔
(英国动物学家)
△chimp n. (非洲)黑猩猩
connection n. 连接;关系
human being 人类
△Jody Williams 乔迪?威廉斯
(美国诺贝尔和平奖得者)
campaign n. 运动;战役
vi. 作战;参加运动
△landmine n. 地雷
organization n. 组织;机构;团体
△Gombe National Park 贡贝国家公园
(位于坦桑尼亚)
behave vt. & vi. 举动;(举止或行为)表现
behaviour (=behavior) 行为;举止;习性
shade n. 荫;阴凉处
vt. 遮住光线
move off 离开;起程;出发
worthwhile adj. 值得的;值得做的
nest n. 巢;窝
bond n. 联系;关系;结合;纽带
observe vt. 观察;观测;遵守
observation n. 观察;观测
childhood n. 童年;幼年时代
outspoken adj. 直言的;坦诚
respect vt. & n. 尊敬;尊重;敬意
argue vt. & vi. 讨论;辩论;争论
argument n. 争论;争辩;争吵
entertainment n. 款待;娱乐;娱乐表演
lead a … life 过着……的生活
crowd n. 人群;观众
vt. 挤满;使拥挤
crowd in (想法、问题等)涌上心头;涌入脑海
inspire vt. 鼓舞;激发;启示
△inspiration n. 灵感;鼓舞
support n. & vt. 支持;拥护
look down upon/on 蔑视;瞧不起
refer vi. 谈到;查阅;参考
refer to 查阅;参考;谈到
audience n. 观众;听众;读者
by chance 碰巧;凑巧
come across (偶然)遇见;碰见
△career n. 事业;生涯
rate n. 比率;速度
sickness n. 疾病;恶心
intend vt. 计划;打算
emergency n. 突发事件;紧急情况
generation n. 一代;一辈
△determination n. 决心;果断
kindness n. 仁慈;好意
considerate adj. 考虑周到的
consideration n. 考虑;体谅
deliver vt. 递送;生(小孩儿);接生;
发表(演说等)
carry on 继续;坚持
modest adj. 谦虚的;谦让的;适度的

10. 高中英语必修四第一单元

she also discovered how chimps communicate with each other因为有后面的“来and”所以自是一句完整的句子,即主谓宾齐全。
how chimps communicate with each other此句是宾语从句,how是引导词,表方式。
her study of their body lanuage是主语 helped 是谓语her work out their social system是宾语。
help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 communicate with和某人交谈 work out研究(出) social system社会体系 是重点词组
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