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英语高中必修一语法点

发布时间:2021-03-06 08:20:39

❶ 高中必修一英语语法有哪些

一般现在时的用法

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如:

I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。

2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。例如:

The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。

Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。

3) 表示格言或警句。例如:

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。

4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如:

I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错,讲的可不行。

比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。

I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。

第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。

返回动词的时态目录

11.2 一般过去时的用法

1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如:时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如:

Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了?

2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。例如:

When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球。

Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去,都受到热烈欢迎。

3)句型:It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。例如:It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。

It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" ,例如It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。

would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'。例如:I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。

4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等,而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。例如:I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。

比较:Christine was an invalid all her life.(含义:她已不在人间。)

Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含义:她现在还活着)

Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)

Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)

注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。

1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如:

Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗?

I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。

2)情态动词 could, would。例如:

Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车,能借用一些吗?

返回动词的时态目录

11.3 used to / be used to

used to + do:"过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在。例如:

Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。

Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步。

be used to + doing: 对……已感到习惯,或"习惯于",to是介词,后需加名词或动名词。例如:

He is used to a vegetarian diet.

Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫现在已习惯于散步了。

典型例题

---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.

---- It's 69568442.

A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't

答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语,但从语意上看出,在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去,因此应用过去时。

返回动词的时态目录

11.4 一般将来时

1) shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如:

Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢?

Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗?

2) be going to +不定式,表示将来。

a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。例如:What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢?

b. 计划,安排要发生的事。例如:The play is going to be proced next month。这出戏下月开播。

c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如:Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了。

3) be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如:

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。

4) be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事。例如:

He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。

注意:be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

返回动词的时态目录

11.5 be going to / will 用于条件句时,be going to表将来,will表意愿。例如:

If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.

Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.

返回动词的时态目录

11.6 be to和be going to

be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事,be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如:

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。(客观安排)

I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。(主观安排)

返回动词的时态目录

11.7 一般现在时表将来

1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如:

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。

2)以here, there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。例如:

Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。

There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。

3)在时间或条件句中。例如:

When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后,让他等我。

I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里,就写信给你。

4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如:

I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。

Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前,务必把窗户关了。

返回动词的时态目录

11.8 用现在进行时表示将来

下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如:

I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。

Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?

返回动词的时态目录

11.9 现在完成时

现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成:have (has) +过去分词。

返回动词的时态目录

11.10 比较一般过去时与现在完成时

1)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。

2)一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。

一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now等,皆为具体的时间状语。

现在完成时的时间状语:for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等,皆不确定的时间状语。

共同的时间状语:this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。

3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。

一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如:

I saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生过了)

I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了)

Why did you get up so early? (强调起床的动作已发生过了)

Who hasn't handed in his paper? (强调有卷子未交,疑为不公平竞争)

He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续)

He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续)

句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。

(错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.

(对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.

返回动词的时态目录

11.11 用于现在完成时的句型

1)It is the first / second time.... that…结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。例如:

It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。

This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。

注意:It was the third time that the boy had been late.

2)This is +形容词最高级+that…结构,that 从句要用现在完成时。例如:

This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。

典型例题

(1) ---Do you know our town at all?

---No, this is the first time I ___ here.

A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming

答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时,故选B。

(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?

---No, it's the first time I ___ here.

A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come

答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时,反意词为never,此两词常用于完成时。

注意:非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。

(错)I have received his letter for a month.

(对)I haven't received his letter for almost a month.

返回动词的时态目录

11.12 比较since和for

Since 用来说明动作起始时间,for用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如:
I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。
I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。
注意:并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。
I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。)
I have worked here for many years.(现在我仍在这里工作。)
注意:用句型转换的方法,很容易排除非延续动词在有for/since结构的完成时中的误用。
1)(对) Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2)(错) Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
显然,第二句不对,它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.

返回动词的时态目录

11.13 since的四种用法

1) since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。例如:

I have been here since 1989. 1989起,我一直在这儿。

2) since +一段时间+ ago。例如:

I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿,已经有五个月了。

3) since +从句。例如:

Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后,变化可大了。

Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后,变化可大了。

4) It is +一段时间+ since从句。例如:

It is two years since I became a postgraate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。

返回动词的时态目录

11.14 延续动词与瞬间动词

1) 用于完成时的区别

延续动词表示经验、经历; 瞬间动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示段的时间状语连用。例如:

He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)

I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)

2) 用于till / until从句的差异

延续动词用于肯定句,表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句,表示"到……,才……"。例如:

He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 点才回来。

He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10点。

典型例题

1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.

A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet

答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响,我知道她的模样,你不用描述。再次,several times告知为反复发生的动作,因此用现在完成时。

2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.

---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.

A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be

答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始,持续到现在,应用现在完成时。

返回动词的时态目录

11.15 过去完成时

1) 概念:表示过去的过去

----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成。

那时以前 那时 现在

2) 用法

a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。例如:

She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。

b. 状语从句

在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。例如:

When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了。

c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…"。例如:

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来。

3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如:

He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语。

By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年,爱迪生开始自己谋生。

Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.

汤姆失望了,因为他到达晚会时,大部分客人已经走了。

典型例题

The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.

A. had written, left B,were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left

答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前,因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去,用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点,表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下,when所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。

注意: had hardly… when 还没等…… 就……。例如:

I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我刚打开门,他就打了我。

had no sooner…than 刚…… 就……。例如:

He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了这辆车,转眼又卖了。

返回动词的时态目录

11.16 用一般过去时代替过去完成时

1) 两个动作如按顺序发生,又不强调先后,或用then,and,but 等连词时,多用一般过去时。例如:

When she saw the mouse,she screamed. 她看到老鼠,就叫了起来。

My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑妈给了我一顶帽子,我把它丢了。

2 ) 两个动作相继发生,可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成,用过去完成时。例如:

When I heard the news, I was very excited.

3) 叙述历史事实,可不用过去完成时,而只用一般过去时。例如:

Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.

返回动词的时态目录

11.17 将来完成时

1) 构成will have done

2) 概念

a. 状态完成:表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。例如:

They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。

b. 动作完成:表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前,已经完成的动作或获得的经验。例如:

You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此时,你已经到达上海了。

返回动词的时态目录

11.18 现在进行时

现在进行时的基本用法:

a. 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。例如:

We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。

b. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。例如:

Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)

c. 表示渐变,这样的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如:

The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。

It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。

d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如:

You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。

典型例题

My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.

A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.

答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态,应用进行时,由于没有找到,其影响仍然存在,应用完成时,瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。

返回动词的时态目录

11.19 不用进行时的动词

1)表示事实状态的动词,如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如:I have two brothers. 我有两兄弟。

This house belongs to my sister. 这房子是我姐的。

2)表示心理状态的动词,如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如:I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。

He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。

3)瞬间动词,如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如:

I accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告。

4)系动词,如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如:

You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。

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11.20 过去进行时

1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。

2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作延续的时候,另一个短动作发生。

3) 常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如:

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟骑车时摔了下来,受了伤。

It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时,正下着雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到达山顶时,阳光灿烂。

典型例题

1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.

A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes

答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同时,when表时间的同时性,"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。

2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.

A. read;was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell

答案B.句中的as = when, while,意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell(fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick。
参考资料:http://..com/question/13015035.html

❷ 高一英语必修一重点语法

英语语法,本质上不分什么小学语法,中学语法,大学语法,这样分都是瞎搞,误人回子弟。
我们讲中文会分小学答语法,中学语法,大学语法吗?现在有的小学生的语言能力都像大人一样。小学生一样看红楼梦,看水浒。那国外的小学生不是也同样如此吗?

传统的语法教学把语法教的及其混乱和繁琐,毫无章法和体系,且错误百出,整个初高中阶段语法数十节课就可以学透的却折磨了学生数十年。

推荐华东理工大学的《英语思维:解密英语语法的原理》,该书是国内第一本系统讲解英语语法原理和思维内涵的书,是第一本从语言原理层面完整系统的呈现英语语法全貌和完整框架体系的书。该书纠正了传统英语教育的诸多谬误,理清了英语学习的脉络,呈现给读者一个完整系统的英语语法框架体系。

也可以看同名视频课程,短平快,十节课真正理解英语语法,适合那些英语语法混乱毫无章法同学,也适合那些英语还不错,但是没学透无体系遭遇瓶颈无法突破的同学,看完后,对英语的理解有脱胎换骨之感。

学透语法之后的英语继续学习,就可以通过精看美剧进行词汇的学习,听、说、读、写的锻炼。

利用高效系统建立起来的语法知识体系后,可以欣赏美剧、阅读新闻,交友娱乐,快乐的享受英语给你带来的乐趣。

❸ 高一英语必修一知识点句型

高中英语重点知识点小结
1.able 用法:be able to do
Note: 反义词unable表示不能,而disabled表示残疾的。
be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能做到的事。
2.abroad 用法:表示到(在)国外,是一个副词,前面不加介词。
Note: 可以说from abroad, 表示从国外回来。
3.admit 用法:表示承认的时候后面要加上动名词形式。
Note: 表示允许进入的时候与介词to搭配。
4.advise 用法:advise sb. to do; advise doing
Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:advise that sb. (should) do的形式。
5.afford 用法:通常与动词不定式搭配使用。
Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等词。
6.after 用法:表示在时间、空间之后;be after表示追寻。
Note: 用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点,而in接一个时间段,如:after 3 o’clock; in 3 days.
7.agree 用法:与介词on, to, with及动词不定式搭配。
Note: agree on表示达成一致;agree to表示批准;agree with表示同意某人说的话。
8.alive 用法:表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。
Note: 可以作状语使用,表示活活地,如:bury sb. alive.
9.allow 用法:allow doing; allow sb. to do
Note: 可以表示允许进入,如:Please allow me in.
10.among 用法:用在三者或三者以上的群体中。
Note: 还可以表示其中之一,如:He is among the best.
11.and 用法:用于连接两个词、短语、句子或其他相同结构。
Note: 与祈使句搭配时往往可以表示条件。如:Work hard, and you’ll succeed sooner or later.
12.another 用法:表示又一个,泛指,相当于one more的含义。
Note: 不能直接加复数名词,需要与一个数词搭配,如:another 2 weeks.
13.answer 用法:及物动词,但在作名词时要与介词to搭配。
Note: 可以表示接电话、应门等。如:answer the phone/door.
14.anxious 用法:be anxious for/about/to do
Note: be anxious about表示担心;be anxious for表示盼望得到。
15.appear 用法:不及物动词,没有宾语,没有被动语态。
Note: 还可以作为系动词,与seem同义,表示看起来……。
16.arrive 用法:arrive at表示到一个小地方;arrive in表示到一个大地方。
Note: 引申含义表示得出,如:arrive at a decision/conclusion.
17.ask 用法:ask to do; ask sb. to do; ask for
Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:ask that sb. (should) do的形式。
18.asleep 用法:表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。
Note: 通常与动词be及fall搭配;sound asleep表示熟睡。
19.attend 用法:表示参加,后面经常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral等词;也可以表示照顾,照料。
Note: attend to可以表示处理、照料等。
20.attention 用法:pay attention to; draw/catch sb’s attention
Note: 写通知时的常用语:May I have your attention, please?
21.beat 用法:表示打败某人,或连续不断地击打某物。
Note: heartbeat表示心跳。
22.because 用法:后面接原因状语从句,because of后面接名词。
Note: because表示直接原因,因此只有用它才可以回答why的特殊疑问句及用在强调句中。
23.become 用法:系动词,表示变得……。可以由好变坏或由坏变好。
Note: become of sb.表示某人发生了什么事情。
24.before 用法:before long, long before, the day before yesterday, the week / year before last 上上周/前年
Note: It be + 段时间 before…在该句型中,主句时态只有将来时态和一般过去时态。
25.begin 用法:begin to do; begin doing
Note: 当begin本身是进行时的时候,只能用begin to do的形式。如:It was beginning to rain.
26.believe 用法:believe sb.表示相信某人说的话;believe in sb.表示信任;6123结构。
Note: 回答问句时通常用I believe so/not的形式。
27.besides 用法:表示除……之外还有,包含在一个整体之中。
Note: 还可以用作副词,表示此外,要用逗号隔开。
28.beyond 用法:表示越过、在另一边,如:beyond the wood/bridge.
Note: 可以用于引申含义,表示超出……,如:beyond control/power/description.
29.bit 用法:与a little一样可以修饰不可数名词,形容词或副词。
Note: 修饰名词时要用a bit of;not a bit表示一点也不。
30.blame 用法:take/bear the blame; blame sth. on. sb.
Note: 表示应受到责怪时不用被动语态,如:He is to blame.
31.blow 用法:blow down/away
Note: 表示风刮得很大时要用blow hard.
32.boil 用法:boiling表示沸腾的;boiled表示煮过的。
Note: boiling point可以表示沸点。
33.borrow 用法:borrow表示借入:lend表示借出。
Note: 点动词,不能表示借的时间长短。
34.breath 用法:hold one’s breath;out of breath; save one’s breath
Note: take a breath表示深吸一口气;take breath表示喘口气。
35.burn 用法:burn down/up/one’s hand
Note: burning表示点着的;burnt表示烧坏的。
36.business 用法:on business表示出差;in/out of business表示开/关张。
Note: 表示商业时不可数,表示具体的行业时可数。
37.busy 用法:be busy with/doing.
Note: 不能说My work is busy. 应说I am busy with my work.
38.buy 用法:buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb.
Note: 点动词,不能表示买的时间长短。
39.but 用法:not…but.. but for next but one , have no choice bu to do sth., all but 几乎,差一点
Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do,后面的to要省略。Not only… but also…引导的并列句,前倒后不倒。cannot help/ choose but do sth. 不能不,只能
40.by 用法:by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way
Note: by way of 取道,经由。by reason of 由于。by 引导的时间状语一般句子用完成时态。
41.care 用法:take care of; with care; care for/about
Note: care about表示在乎,常用于否定句;care for表示关心,喜爱,常用于肯定句。
42.carry 用法:carry表示搬运;carry on表示进行;坚持下去;carry out表示执行。
Note: carry没有方向性,可以表示随身携带。
43.case 用法:in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that case
Note: in case后面的状语从句可以用虚拟语气,即in case sb. should do的形式。
44.catch 用法:catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with
Note: be caught表示陷入困境,如:He was caught in the rain.
45.cattle 用法:集合名词,动词要用复数形式。如:Cattle are raised here.
Note: 一头牛可以用a head of cattle. 注意十头牛用ten head of cattle。
46.chance 用法:by chance; take a chance; there is a chance that…
Note: 在chance后面可以用动词不定式或者of的结构作定语。
47.change 用法:change A for B表示用A换成B;change A into B 表示把A变成B。
Note: 表示变化时是可数名词,表示零钱时不可数。
48.class 用法:集合名词,谓语动词单复数由其表示的意思决定。
Note: in class表示在上课,in the class表示在班上。
49.close 用法:动词表示关闭;形容词表示亲密的;副词表示靠近。
Note: close作副词时表示距离上的靠近,而另一个副词形式closely表示密切地。
50.clothes 用法:复数名词,谓语动词用复数,不能加不定冠词。
Note: 要用few或many来修饰。
51. buy 用法:buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb.
Note: 点动词,不能表示买的时间长短。
52. but 用法:not…but.. but for next but one , have no choice bu to do sth., all but 几乎,差一点
Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do,后面的to要省略。Not only… but also…引导的并列句,前倒后不倒。cannot help/ choose but do sth. 不能不,只能
53. by 用法:by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way
Note: by way of 取道,经由。by reason of 由于。by 引导的时间状语一般句子用完成时态。
54. call 用法: call for / up / back / in / , call on sb. to do sth., pay / make a call on sb. give sb. a call ,on call
Note: call at后面跟地点;call on 后面跟人。
55. care 用法:take care of; with care; care for/about
Note: care about表示在乎,常用于否定句;care for表示关心,喜爱,常用于肯定句。
56. carry 用法:carry表示搬运;carry on表示进行;坚持下去;carry out表示执行。
Note: carry没有方向性,可以表示随身携带。
57. case 用法:in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that case
Note: in case后面的状语从句可以用虚拟语气,即in case sb. should do的形式。
58. catch 用法:catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with, catch sb. doing sth.
Note: be caught表示陷入困境,如:He was caught in the rain.
59. cattle 用法:集合名词,动词要用复数形式。如:Cattle are raised here.
Note: 一头牛可以用a head of cattle. 注意十头牛用ten head of cattle。
60. chance 用法:by chance; take a chance; there is a chance that…
Note: 在chance后面可以用动词不定式或者of的结构作定语。
61. change 用法:change A for B表示用A换成B;change A into B 表示把A变成B。
Note: 表示变化时是可数名词,表示零钱时不可数。
62. charge用法:charge sb. with (doing) sth. that… , charge sb. to do sth. charge sb. for $
Note: in charge of 负责; in the charge of 由某人负责(表示的是被动的)。
63. class 用法:集合名词,谓语动词单复数由其表示的意思决定。
Note: in class表示在上课,in the class表示在班上。
64. clear用法:clear away, clear off, make clear, it is clear that…
Note: clear up 及物时表示“澄清,整理,收拾”;不及物表示“晴朗起来,开朗起来”。
65. close 用法:动词表示关闭;形容词表示亲密的;副词表示靠近。
Note: close作副词时表示距离上的靠近,而另一个副词形式closely表示密切地。
66. clothes 用法:复数名词,谓语动词用复数,不能加不定冠词。
Note: 要用few或many来修饰。
67. collect 用法:collect stamps; collect one’s child from school
Note: a collect phone表示对方付费的电话。
68. come 用法:表示到说话者所处的地方来。常见短语有:come to, come about, come across, come out,come to an end, come down, come up, come into being/ exist / force / effect等。
Note: 可用作系动词,表示变成,如:His dreams came true.
69. common 用法:表示普遍性,如:Smith is a common name.
Note: common sense表示常识;in common表示共同点。
70. compare 用法:compare…with…表示把……与……作比较;compare…to…表示把……比作……。
Note: 用作状语时,二者都可以表示比较,如:Compared with/to other women, she was very lucky.
71. consider用法:consider doing sth. / what to do / that...,consider sb. sth. 6123结构
Note: 该词直接跟宾语用动名词但可以用不定式作宾补;considering引导短语作状语,表示“考虑到”
72. condition 用法:表示生活、工作等的条件或状况。
Note: on condition that表示只要,条件状语从句。
73. content 用法:be content with/to do
Note: 表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。
74. cost 用法:sth. cost sb. some money,只能用物作主语。
Note: 修饰cost要用副词high或low.
75. cover 用法:be covered with表示状态;be covered by表示动作。
Note: 反义词uncover表示揭开盖子;discover表示发现。
76. cross用法:cross off 划掉,cross one’s mind, cross out, bear one’s cross 忍受痛苦
Note: 作形容词一般用于be cross with sb. = be angry with sb.
77. crowd 用法:be crowded with
Note: 集合名词,谓语动词单复数由其表示的意思决定。
78. cure 用法:cure sb. of …
Note: cure 强调治愈,表示结果;而treat知表示动作。
79. cut 用法:cut down/up/off
Note: 作名词时a short cut表示捷径。
80. damage 用法:do damage to sb. = do sb. harm
Note: 表示损害的时候不可数,复数形式可以表示赔偿费。
81. danger 用法:in danger表示处于危险的境地。
Note: 表示一般概念时不可数,表示具体危险时可数。
82. dare用法:作为情态动词一般用于否定句,疑问句或者条件状语从句;作为实意动词后跟不定式。
Note: I dare say that….意为:我猜测,可能,或许。
83. dark 用法:before/after dark; in the dark
Note: 可以表示深色的,如:dark blue.
84. deal 用法:a great/good deal of修饰不可数名词。
Note: 作动词时构成短语deal with, 常与副词how搭配。
85. defeat用法:及物动词,后面的宾语是国家,队,军队等名词。
Note: 不能用人作宾语。
86. demand 用法:demand to do; demand that…, demand of sb. to do sth.
Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:demand that sb. (should) do的形式。
87. depend用法:depend on sb./ sth. / one’s doing sth. / to do sth.
Note: depend 不及物动词,常和on连用。意为“依靠,信赖”
88. desert 用法:名词表示沙漠;动词表示抛弃。
Note: 可以用过去分词作表语或定语,表示废弃的,如:a deserted house.
89. determine 用法:determine to do; determine sb. to do
Note: 过去分词表示有决心的,可以说be determined to do sth. 决心做…(表示状态)
90. devote 用法:devote oneself to; be devoted to
Note: 与devote搭配的to是介词,后面接名词或动名词。如:His whole life was devoted to teaching.
91. die 用法:die of/from/for/out/ away
Note: 点动词,不与for引起的时间状语连用。
92. difficulty 用法:have difficulty with; have difficulties with sth. ; have difficulty in doing sth. ;
Note: 表示一般概念时不可数,表示具体困难时可数。
93. disagree 用法:disagree with sb.
Note: disagree虽然在形式上有否定前缀,但并不是个否定词。注意它的反义问句形式:He disagreed with you, didn’t he?
94. distance 用法:in the distance; at a distance
Note: 可用于引申含义,表示时间上或情感上的距离。
95. divide 用法:divide…into…表示把……分成几份。强调分成等份。
Note: 可以表示除法,如:Nine divided by three is three.
96. do 用法:do away with, do sb. a faour; do up; do with., do wonders, do sb. wrong = do wrong to sb.
Note: 主要用作及物动词;不及物时表示“行”:If you have no pen, pencil will do.
97. doubt用法:doubt sb. / sth. , beyond doubt, in doubt, no doubt, without a doubt
Note: 主句是否定句时宾语用that引导;主句是肯定句时宾语用whether / if引导。
98. downtown 用法:副词,前面不加介词,如:go downtown.
Note: 可用作定语,如:a downtown street.
99. draw 用法:draw a picture/the curtain
Note: 引申含义表示得出,如:draw a conclusion/lesson.
100. dream 用法:dream of/about/that…
Note: 可用同源词构成短语:dream a dream.

❹ 人教版高一英语必修一各个单元的语法知识点

一. 一般现在时
1. 表示主语现在所处的状态及其所具备的特征、性格、能力等
例如:I am a girl.
2. 表示习惯性、经常性的动作
例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 标志性的词语
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助于为第三人称单数(he she it)则动词要用单三现
二. 现在进行时
1. 说话时正在进行的动作
例如:I am reading.
2.表示即将发生的动作,多用于go come start leave return arrive stay fly等词语之中,句子中常常有时间状语
例如:The plane is going to Beijing.
3.当句子中出现了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如:I am always thinking of you.
三. 倍数比较
1.A+系动词+倍数词+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如:The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系动词+倍数词+adj\adv的比较级+than+B
例如:The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系动词+倍数词+the size\amount(数量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如:The class is twice the size of that class.
四. With的复合结构
1. With+宾语+宾语补足语
宾语补足语根据逻辑意义的不同可以是不同的词语,如形容词、现在分词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、不定式等,with在复合结构中常作状语
2.常用结构
○1with+宾语+doing
表主动与进行
例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+宾语+done
表被动与完成
例如:With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+宾语+to do
表将来
例如:With so many thing to deal with.
五. 现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时
1.基本表达式(I have been doing )
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中国有2000年的造纸历史。(动作还将继续下去)
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。(动作还将继续下去)
3.表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到,如同在电话里说的,还会继续等)
4.有些现在完成进行时的句子等同的句子。
例如:They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在这里已经工作五年了。
5.大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。
例如:I have been writing a book.(动作还将继续下去)
我一直在写一本书。
I have written a book.(动作已经完成)
我已经写了一本书。
They have been building a bridge.
他们一直在造一座桥。
They have built a bridge.
他们造了一座桥。
6.表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。
例如:I have known him for years.
我认识他已经好几年了。
I have been knowing...
这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有:love爱,like喜欢, hate讨厌,等。
注意:比较过去时与现在完成时
1.过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。
2.过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:
yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语
共同的时间状语:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately
现在完成时的时间状语
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不确定的时间状语
3.现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如: I saw this film yesterday.
(强调看的动作发生过了。)
I have seen this film.
(强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。)
Why did you get up so early?
(强调起床的动作已发生过了。)
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
(强调有卷子,可能为不公平竞争。)
She has returned from Paris.
她已从巴黎回来了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是团员的状态可持续)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入团,joined为短暂行为。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。
(错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六.过去完成时
1. 概念:表示过去的过去
其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2. 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3.过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如:He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七.现在完成进行时
1.其构成形式如下:
I / we / they have been + 动词的现在分词
He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词 功用如下:
2. 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动,如:
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3.表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动,如:
It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下)
Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently.
4. 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在,可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内,重复发生的行动,如:
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5. 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响,而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身,如:
Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意:
现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 现在完成进行时的否定结构 现在完成进行时有时也可用否定结构。
如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后,我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t has that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工作过,我和他没有过那许多接触。
6.否定句构成:
主语+has/have+not+been+现在分词
7.一般疑问句构成:
Have/has+主语+been+现在分词+其他

❺ 人教高一英语必修一语法点

Unit 1 Friendship
I. Words and Phrases
1. Are you good to your friends? 你对你的朋友好吗?
be good to=be kind to:对......友善 (opp.) be bad to
eg: Thought he looks cold, in fact, he is always good to others.
尽管他看起来冷淡,但实际上他一向对人友善。
拓展: ⑴.be good at sth./doing sth. 擅长于(做)......
⑵.be good for 对......有好处/有益 (opp.) be bad for
★ ⑶.do good(n.) to 给......带来好处或益处
eg: Eat more fruit, and it will do good to you.
多吃水果,那会使你受益。 (opp.) do harm to

2. Make the following survey.
`survey (n.) 调查,测验;民意调查,民意测验
eg: ①.The school carried out a survey to find who is the most popular among students.
学校进行了一次调查,看看谁在学生中最受欢迎。
②.In order to know what the people need most, the government has done many surveys.
为了弄清楚人们最迫切的需要,政府进行了多次民意测验。
sur`vey (v.) 调查,测验;进行民意调查,进行民意测验
eg: We surveyed 500 smokers and found over three quarters would like to give up.
我们对500个吸烟者进行了调查,发现四分之三的人想要戒烟。

语法专题训练:
一、用who, which, whose, that, when, where, why填空。
1. This was the best model of radio set ________ the factory made in 2001.
2. Do you know anyone ________ knows about the history of the pyramids?
3. We have visited the factory, ________ my grandfather once worked.
4. We'll never forget the day ________ we traveled abroad.

❻ 求 高中必修一英语语法总结

组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语句子成分有主语,谓语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语,状语等。

顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。

1、主语
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式等充当。
Helikeswatch'ingTV.他喜欢看电视。
2、谓语
谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
1),简单谓语
由动词(或短语动词)构成。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
Westud'yforthepeo'ple.我们为人民学习。
2),复合谓语:情态动词+不定式
Icanspeakalit'tleEng'lish.我可以说一点英语。
3、表语
表语是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词如be之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。一般由名词,代词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词短语等充当。
Mysis'terisanurse.我姐姐是护士。
4、宾语
宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等。
WelikeEng'lish.我们喜欢英语。
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
Hegavemesom'eink.他给了我一点墨水。
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如:
Wemakehimourmon'itor.我们选他当班长。
5、定语
在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,数词,名词,副词,动词不定式,介词短语等。形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面。
Heisanewstu'dent.他是个新生。
但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。
Thebikeintheroomismine.房间里的自行车是我的。
6、状语
修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词,介词短语,不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。
HelivesinLon'don.他住在伦敦。
7.补语用来说明宾语或主语所处的状态或正在进行的动作,因为英语中有些动词加宾语后意思仍然不完整,如:make(使...),ask(请)等等。如果我们说:我们使我们的祖国。这不是一句完整的话。应该说:我们使我们的祖国更美丽。这是的“美丽的(beautiful)”为形容词做补语,说明祖国的状态。英语句子为:We will make our country more beautiful.作补语的词或词组为:形容词,副词,名词,不定式,ing形式,数词等。
句子的类型:
1.主语+谓语
2.主语+谓语+状语
3.主语+谓语+宾语
4.主语+系动词+表语
5.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
6.主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语
7.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
A

a (large) number of 许多

a bit 一点儿

a block of 一块

a bottle of 一瓶

a few 许多

a good/great deal of 大量(的);非常多(的)

a great/good many 很多的, 非常多的

a group of 一群,一组

a little 许多

a lot of/lots of 许多

a pair of 一双,一对

a piece of 一片(张,块)

a pile of 一堆

a place of interest 名胜

a set of 一套

a sort of 一种

a type of 一种类型的

a waste of 白费; 浪费

above all 首先;首要

according to 根据...

act as 充当;作;起......的作用

add up to 加起来是

add... to 把.....加到......上

admit doing sth 承认做过某事

advise doing sth 建议做某事

advise sb. against doing sth 建议(劝)某人不要做某事

advise sb not to do sth 建议(劝)某人不要做某事

advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事

afford to do 有经济条件做某事

after a (short) while 不久以后

after all 毕竟;终究

after graation 毕业以后

again and again 反复地;再三地

agree on 商定;决定;达成共识

agree to do sth 同意做某事

agree to sth 同意(计划或建议)

agree with sb/what sb does 同意某人的意见

all along 一直,始终

all day and all night 整日整夜

all kinds of 各种各样的

all night 整夜

all of a sudden 突然,冷不防

all one's life 终生,一辈子

all over 到处,遍及…,浑身,结束

all over the country 遍及全国

all right 好吧,行吧,病好了

all round 周围,遍及四周

all sorts of 各种各样的

all the best 万事如意

all the same 一样,照样,完全一样

all the year round 一年到头

all through 自始至终

allow into 允许进入

allow doing 允许做某事

allow sb to do 允许某人做某事

and so on 等等

answer for 对......负责

apply for 申请...

arrive at /in 到达某地

as a matter of fact 事实上;其实

as a result(of) 结果

as if/though 好象;好似

as many/much as 多达......

as soon as 一……就……

as usual 象往常一样,照例

as well 也;有

as......as 像;如同

as/so far as 一直到… (程度)

ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事

ask…for 询问;向......要

at (the) most 至多

at (the)least 至少

at a high price 以高价......

at a time 每次;一次

at all 全然,究竟,到底

at breakfast 早餐时;正吃早饭

at first hand 第一手地,直接地

at first 起先;开端

at hand 在手边,在近处

at home and abroad 国内外

at home 在家里

at night 在夜晚,在夜里

at noon 在中午

at once 立刻,马上

at one time 以前;曾经

at present 现在;目前

at sea 在海上

at someone’s hands 出自某人之手,因为某人

at the age of 在......岁时

at the beginning of 在......的开始

at the end of 最后;尽头

at the foot of 在….的脚下

at the latest 最迟;至迟

at the mercy of 在......支配下

at the same time 同时

at the school gate / at the gate of the school 在学校门口

at the time of 在......的时候

at the top of one's voice 高声地喊叫

at work 再工作,在运转,在起作用

B

be able to do sth (有能力)做某事

be about to 即将

be afraid of 害怕

be against 反对

be angry at sth 对某事生气

be angry with sb 愤怒,生某人的

be anxious about /for 为......担心,焦急

be away from 远离......

be bad at 在......弱,差

be busy doing sth 忙于做……

be busy with sth 忙于......

be careful (of) 当心,小心

be covered with/by 为......所覆盖

be different from 与......不同

be famous as 作为......著名

be famous for 因......而著名

be far away from 远离…

be filled with 用......装满

be fit for 适合

be fond of 爱好;喜爱

be for 支持

be free to do sth 随意做某事

be friendly to sb 对…友好的

year by year 逐年的(表变化)

be good at 在......擅长,善于…

be in love with 与......相爱

be in the habit of doing 有做…的习惯

be late for 迟到

be made from /of 由...... 制成

be made in 由……(产地)制造

be made up of 由...构成;由...组成

be of great help 对…很有帮助

be on fire 在......着火

be on holiday 在假期中

be on show 展览

be poor in 在......差

be popular with sb 深受......欢迎

be prepared for 为……做好准备

be proud of 为......而自豪

be ready (for) 为……做好准备

be rich in 在......充足;富含.....

be satisfied/content with 对……感到满意

be seated 坐下;坐着

be strict with(in) 对某人(物)要求严格

be sure about/of 确信;有把握

be terrified at 被……吓一跳

be tired of sth/doing sth 厌倦做某事

be tired with/from 因......感到厌倦

be torn open 被撕开

be unfit for 不合适,不称职,不胜任

be used to do ...... 被用来作某事

be used to sth/doing sth 习惯做某事

be weak in/at在......弱

be worth doing 值得做......

be wrong with 出毛病,不对头

beat…to death 把.....打死

because of 因为;由于

before long 不久

beg one's pardon 企求

begin…with 从......开始

believe in 信任,信仰

belong to 属于

beyond help 不可挽救的

beyond hope 没有希望的

blow away 刮走;吹走

break away from 脱离......

break down 分解,机器等坏了;身体跨了

break in 插话;强行进入

break into 闯入

break off 打断;折段

break out 爆发,突然发生

break the law 违法,犯法

break the habit of doing 改掉…的习惯

break the rule 违反规定

break up 分解,腐蚀,驱散

break with 与......断绝关系

bring down 使到下;降低

bring in 引来,引进;吸收

bring on 使前进

bring out 说明,阐明

bring up 教育;培养;提出

burn down 把......烧成平地;烧光

burn...to the ground 把......烧成平地

by accident 偶然

by air 乘飞机

by and by 不久,不久以后

by day 日间;白天里

by far 很,极

by hand 手工地

by means of 通过这种方式

by mistake 由疏忽所致

by sea 乘船

by spaceship 乘宇宙飞船

by the end of 在结束之前

by the side of 在......附近

by the way 顺便说

by this means 通过这种方式

by turns 轮流,交替

C

call at some place 访问某地

call back 回电话

call for 去取(某物); 去接(某人);要求,需求

call in 召集

call on sb to do sth 号召某人做某事

call on(upon) sb 拜访某人

call out 着急,大声叫

call sb up 给某人打电话

can’t help doing 情不自禁的做…

care for 喜欢;想要

carry away 冲掉;冲走

carry off 夺走

carry on 进行

carry out 实行,执行,贯彻

carry through 进行到底,完成

catch/take a cold 着凉,感冒

catch fire 着火

catch hold of 抓住,抓牢

catch sight of 望见

catch up with sb 赶上(某人)

change for 换成

change one's mind 改变主意

change...into 把......变成

clear away 把......清除掉

clear up 整理;收拾

collect money for 为......募捐

come about 发生

come across 碰到

come along 快点,来吧

come back 回来

come back to life 苏醒,复活

come down 下来,下降

come from 来自

come in 进来

come into being 形成,产生

come off 从......离开;脱落

come on 快些,加油

come out 出版;开放

come to 共计;达到

come true 成为现实

come up 走进,上前来

compare with 把......和......进行比较

compare to 与......相比

connect to 把...... 接到......

connect with 与......相连

consider doing sth 考路做某事

consider sb as/to be 认为......;把某人看做…

cut off 切断

cut through 剪断

cut up 切碎

D

date back to 追溯到

date from 起始于;追溯到

day after day 日复一日地

day and night=night and day 日日夜夜

deal with 对付;处理

decide to do sth 决定做某事

depend on 依赖;靠 ......决定

devote to 把......献于;把......用于

die from 死于(外因).....

die of 死于(内因).....

die out 灭绝

divide into 分成

do a good deed 对某人做了一件好事

do fine 赶得好

do good 有好处

do harm 有害处

do one’s homework 做家庭作业

do one's best 尽力

do sb a favour / do a favour for sb 帮某人一个忙

do sb good / do good to sb 对某人有好处

do some cleaning/cooking/washing/shopping 打扫卫生/做饭/洗衣服/买东西

do up 收拾,打扮;包装

do well in 在......做的好

do with 处理

do wrong 做坏事;犯罪

dozens of 几十

dream of 向往;渴望;梦想

dress up 打扮

drive off 赶走

drive sb mad 使某人发疯

drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人

drop in at some place 顺便拜访某地

E

each other 彼此,互相

earn one's living 谋生

eat up 吃光

either...or… 或者…或者

end in 以......结束,最后

end up 告终

end with 以......结束

enjoy oneself 过得愉快

even though/if 尽管;即使

ever since 自那时起一直到现在

every few years 每隔几年

every other year 每隔一年

every two years 每两年

F

face to face 面对面

fail in doing sth 做某事失败

fail to do sth 没做成某事

fall asleep 入睡

fall behind 落后于

fall ill 生病

far away 遥远的

far from 远离…

feed on 以…为主食

feel free to do sth 觉得自己可以随意做某事

feel like doing sth 想要或喜欢做某事

feel one’s way 摸索着前进

fight about/over 因为…争吵

fight against … 与…作斗争

fight back 抵抗, 反击

fight for … 为… 而斗争

fight off 击退,竭力摆脱

fight on 继续战斗

fight out 通过争斗解决争论,平息不和

fill … with… 用…把…装满

fill in 填充;填写

find out 查明;发现;了解

fire at 朝… 开枪

first of all 首先

fix a date for 确定…的日期

fix one’s eyes upon sth/sb 盯着…看

fix up 安排,安顿

for ever 永远

for example 例如

for fear of/for 由于担心…,因为怕…

for free 免费

for fun 为了消遣

for joy 高兴地

for the first time 第一次

❼ 高一英语必修一语法

呵呵 希望对你有所帮助 祝楼主进步哈
一. 直接引语和间接引语

(一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。

1. 时态的变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时,等等。例如:
Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.

2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化: 根据意义进行相应的变化,例如:
She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”
→She asked Jack where he had been.

He said,“These books are mine.”
→He said that those books were his.

(二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。直接引语如果是一般疑问句,用连接词whether或if;如果是特殊疑问句,则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked,可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me, him, her, us等。如:
She said,“Is your father at home?”
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.

“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.

直接引语如果是祈使句,改为间接引语时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式,并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气(即请求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等动词,如果祈使句为否定式,则在不定式前加not。其句型为:ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如:
She said to us,“Please sit down.”
→She asked us to sit down.

He said to him,“Go away!”
→He ordered him to go away.

He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.

二. 各种时态的被动语态
被动语态概述
被动语态的概念:它是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,例如:They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者,例如:The little boy was seen crying by the river.

被动语态的构成
被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下:
1. 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词
例如:Rice is planted in the south of China.

2. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词
例如:These trees were planted the year before last.

3. 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词
例如:A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.

4. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词
例如:Your radio is being repaired now.

5. 过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.

6. 现在完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.

7. 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词
注意:
1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如:Their questions haven’t got answered.

2. 含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。例如:
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes.

3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等结构的谓语,其被动语态分别用“be going to + be + 过去分词”和“be to + be + 过去分词”。例如:
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.

4. 被动语态与系表结构的区别:“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构,与被动语态的形式完全一样,所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词,多强调动作;系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词,多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者,而后者则不可以。例如:
The map was changed by someone.(被动结构)
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表结构)
系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰,被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。
例如:
He was very excited.(系表结构)
He was much excited by her words.(被动结构)

5. 主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味,如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。例如:
These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。
The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。
The clothes wash well. 这些衣服很好洗。

❽ 高中必修一英语语法总结

求高中必修一英语语法的总结
总之,语法是从语言实践中总结出来的规则,总结是自己的事。别人的总结,给了你,也不能成为你的知识。语法书可以说

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