英语初中语法主谓一致

A. 初中英语需要掌握的主谓一致——语法主谓一致（写下需要注意的关联词等等）

主谓一致是指：
1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，
一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。2 主谓一致中的就近原则
1) 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.
2）当either… or… 与neither… nor， 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。 Either you or she is to go.
Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.
3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致
当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
He as well as I wants to go boating.
1） 用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时，动词通常与of后面的名词，代词保持一致。
Most of his money is spent on books.
Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.
2） 在一些短语，如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。
Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书。
More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市

B. 初中英语关于主谓一致

初中课本中最基本的要求
主谓一致的语法
一、最基本的"主谓一致"规则
初中课本中最基本的"主谓一致"规则是："单则单，复则复"，即主语为单数时，谓语动词也用相应的单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词也用相应的复数形式。例如：I am a teacher. We are teachers. 但要注意：当表示时间、长度、距离、金钱、度量等词组作主语时，常将其看作是一个整体，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：Two years is quite a long time. Ten dollars is enough.另外，加减乘除也常当作整体对待，谓语动词也用单数形式。例如：Forty-one plus fifty-nine is one hundred. How much isninety-nine minus sixty-two?
二、集体名词作主语时，谓语动词的使用
family, class, team等集体名词作主语时，若指一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；但若指其成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：The family is very big. Their family arewatching TV now.
三、neither... nor..., either...or..., not...but...，not only... but also...等连词连接两个名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语一致。例如：Neither he nor I know anything about it. Notonly the students but also the teacher has visited the museum. there be…结构也属于此类。例如：There is a teacher,a desk, a blackboard, some desks andsome chairs in the classroom.但要注意：both…and…表示"……和……都"，谓语动词一般用复数形式。例如：Both his father and mother are doctors.
四、两个主语用and连接时，谓语动词的使用
and连接两个名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。例如：Mary and Helen are good friends.但要注意：and连接的两个名词只表示一个概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：A singer and dancer is coming.一个歌手兼舞蹈家就要来了。
五、politics, physics, works, the United States,news, maths等词作主语时，谓语动词的使用
这类形式上为复数，意义上却是单数的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：The news is very exciting. Physics is a bitdifficult for me.但要注意有些名词，如：people(人；人们),police等则是形式为单数，意义是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式。例如：People there are very friendly
六、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词的使用
1.something, everything, anything, nothing,everybody, anybody, nobody, everyone, anyone等复合不定代词，以及either,neither(neither of), each (each of), each one, no one, another等代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Neither of the answers is right. Somethingis wrong with my computer.
2. both, few, a few, many, several, others作主语，或它们所修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。例如：A few people can live to 100, but few canlive to 150. Both of them are in my class.
七、with, as well as, like等修饰的单数名词作主语，谓语动词的使用
单数名词作主语，且后面有with, as well as, like等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：1.The teacher with his students has gone to the library. 2.Is the womanlike you your mother? 3.The instrument as well as other spare parts is going tobe airlifted soon. (该仪器以及其它一些备用件不久将空运。)
八、动词不定式(或动词不定式短语)，V-ing形式以及名词性从句作主语，谓语动词的使用
动词不定式(或动词不定式短语)，V-ing形式以及名词性从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：1.To eat in a fast food restaurant is cheapand saves time. 2.Climbing hills is good exercise. 3.What interests the workersmost is better wages and workingconditions. (工人们最关注的是好的工资待遇和工作条件。

C. 初中英语主谓一致

有一个可以训练主谓一致句子的应用，你可回以用来练习答
http://www..com/s?wd=%D6%F7%CE%BD%D2%BB%D6%C2&rsv_bp=0&ch=&tn=360se_dg&bar=&n=2&inputT=687

D. 初中英语主谓一致

用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致，就是语法一致。也就是说，如果名词中心词是单数，动词用单数形式；如果名词中心词是复数，动词用复数形式。例如：

This table is a genuine antique.

Both parties have their own advantages.

Her job has something to do with computers.

She wants to go home.

They are divorcing each other.

Mary was watching herself in the mirror.

The bird built a nest.

Susan comes home every week-end.

（二） 编辑本段 回目录 主谓一致 - 意义一致原则

有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。例如：

Democratic government graally take the place of an all-powerful monarchy.

A barracks was attacked by the guerilla.

Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.

The United States is a developed country.

It is the remains of a ruined palace.

The archives was lost.

This pair of trousers costs fifty dollars.

（三） 编辑本段 回目录 主谓一致 - 就近原则

有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。

例如：

Either my grandsons or their father is coming.

No one except his daughters agree with him.

Mary and her sisters are baking a cake.

Neither Richard nor I am going.

编辑本段 回目录 主谓一致 - 以集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题

有些集合名词，ommittee,council,crew,crowd,family,gang,government,group,mob,staff,team, union等，在意义上是复数，但在语法形式上是单数，这类名词作主语的主谓一致问题往往遵循“语法一致”或“意义一致”原则。例如：

The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.

A council of elders governs the tribe.

The present government is trying to control inflation.

The school staff are expected to supervise school meals.

（一）通常作复数的集体名词

包括police,people, cattle, militia, vermin等，这些集体名词通常用作复数。

例如：

The British police have only very limited powers.

The militia were called out to guard the borderland.

It seems the cattle on the sides of the dikes were the only living creatures in these desolate surroundings.

（二）通常作不可数名词的集体名词

通常作不可数名词的集体名词，包括poultry,foliage，machinery, equipment,furniture,

merchandise等,这类名词后的动词用单数形式。

例如：

Poultry is expensive at this time of year.

That green foliage was restful.

The merchandise has arrived undamaged.

All the machinery in the factory is made in China.

The suite of furniture he bought was of contemporary style.

The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.

（三）可作单数也可作复数的集体名词

可作单数也可作复数的集体名词,包括audience, committee, crew, family, government,jury等。

例如：

The audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.

The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.

The jury is/are about to announce the winners.

The government has/have discussed the matter for a long time.

三、a committee, etc of +复数名词的主谓一致问题

如果主语是由a committee of /a panel of /a (the) board of +复数名词构成，随后的动词通常用单数。

例如：

A committee of twelve men is to discuss the matter.

A panel of experts has considered the situation.

The board of managers is responsible for the firm.

四、以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题

英语可数名词的规则复数形式是在词尾加-s或-es，但是有一些以-s结尾的名词并不是可数名词。它们用法多样，造成了实际使用上的困难，以下详述了以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题。

（一）以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题

（二）以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题

（三）以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题

（四）以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题

（五）其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题

（一）以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题

以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题,如：arthritis,bronchitis,diabetes,mumps,phlebitis,rickets,这类以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语时，谓语动词通常用作单数。

例如：

Arthritis causes great pain in the joints of the patient.

The diabetes is a kind of chronic disease.

Measles usually occurs in children.

Phlebitis is a swollen condition of the blood vessels.

（二）以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题

以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语时，谓语动词通常用作单数。

例如：

Darts is basically a easy game.

Marbles is not confined to children.

Skittles is not fashionable nowadays.

Draughts is not very difficult to learn.

但当Darts，Marbles等的意义为游戏器具而非游戏名称时，谓语动词通常用作复数。

例如：

Three darts are thrown at each turn.

All nine skittles were brought down by the good throw.

（三）以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题

某些以-s结尾的地理名称，如果是国名，如the United States，the Netherlands等，因其是单一政治实体，所以谓语动词用作单数。

例如：

The United States was hit by the Great Depression in 1930s'.

In early January 1996 the Netherlands was hit by its worst storm since 1976.

但如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称作主语，谓语动词用作复数。

例如：

The West Indies are commonly divided into two parts.

The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant.

The Straits of Gibraltar have not lost their strategic importance.

The Niagara Falls are perhaps the most splendid waterfall in the world.

（四）以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题

某些以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时，如physics,mathematics,mechanics, optics, acoustics, politics statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics等, 谓语动词通常用作单数。

例如：

Physics is a fundamental subject in science.

The third world economics is promising.

Acoustics studies the science of sound.

Mathematics is an interesting subject.

Athletics is a required course for students of all grades.

但如果这类名词表示学科以外的其它含义，可作复数用。

例如：

Athletics have been greatly encouraged at this college.

The acoustics of the new concert hall are perfect.

The economics of the project are still at issue.

（五）其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题

A.以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名称作主语

英语中有一些通常以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词，如glasses, pincers,pliers,scissors, shorts,suspenders,trousers等，这类名词做主语，如果不带“一把”、“一副”等单位词，谓语动词通常用复数。

例如：

Mary's glasses are new.

John's trousers are black.

如果带有单位词， 则由单位词决定动词的单、复数形式。

例如：

One pair of pincers isn't enough.

Two pairs of scissors are missing from my tool box.

B.其他以-s结尾的名词

英语中还有一些以- s结尾的名词，如archives，arms,clothes, contents, eaves, fireworks, goods, minutes, morals, remains stairs, suburbs, thanks,wages这类名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。

例如：

The archives of the country are kept in the Department of Security.

The contents of the book are most amusing.

High wages often result in high prices.

My thanks are sincere.

五、如果句子的主语是并列结构，其主谓一致问题通常遵循以下原则：

（一）由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题

（二）由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题

（三）主语 + as much as,etc的主谓一致问题

（一）由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题

由and/both...and连接的并列结构作主语，可根据主语的意义决定谓语动词的单、复数形式。

例如：

Pancakes and syrup is a tasty breakfast.

The number and diversity of British newspaper is considerable.

Good and bad taste are inculcated by example.

Fish and chips are getting very expensive.

A truck and a car were in the ditch.

Both Cathy and her daughter Lida have gone fishing in Canada.

当and连接的并列名词词组带有each，every,或者many a 等限定词时，谓语动词通常用单数。

例如：

Each man and each woman there is asked to help.

Every flower and every bush is to be cut down.

Every change of season, every change of weather, indeed every hour of the day, proces some change in the magical hues and shapes of these mountains.

Many a boy was disappointed after seeing the film.

（二）由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题

由or,nor,either...or, neither...nor,not only...but also连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。

例如：

Neither Lucy nor Carol has any money left.

Neither sleet nor snow stops him from driving his new Mercedes-Benz.

Either Tina or Carol is sure to know the answer.

Neither my father nor my brothers are likely to be at theater.

Neither the Kansas coach nor the players were confident of victory.

Not only one, but all of us are hoping to be there.

Not only the switches but also the old wiring has been stolen.

（三）主语 + as much as,etc的主谓一致问题

当主语后面跟有由as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等引导的从属结构，或跟有由as well as, in addition to ,with, along with, together with, except等引导的词组时， 其后的动词形式取决主语的形式。

例如：

The vessel, with its entire crew and cargo was lost.

The ocean, as well as the gulf and the bay, provides good fishing.

John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.

Hugh,as well as his two sisters, is vacationing in Wyoming this summer.

Some of the employees as much as the manager were responsible for the failure.

My husband,more than anyone else in the family, is longing to go there again.

Billy, together with his sisters, was wounded in the accident.

No one except two girls was late for school.

六、以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题

数量概念分两类：一类是确定数量，如 two years, five seconds,three kilos,等，另一类是非确定数量，如all of..., some of..., none of...。如果用这类表示数量概念的名词词组作主语，会产生主谓一致问题。

（一）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题

（二）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题

（一）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语

当主语为表示确定数量的名词词组时，如果数量概念被看做一个整体，动词用单数，如果被看做组成该数量的个体，动词用复数。

例如：

The treasurer considered that twenty dollars was not too much to ask.

"Two months is too short a time," General manager warned, "we must hurry up."

Three weeks is needed to complete the task.

There were six silver dollars in each of the stockings.

Three pints is not enough to get him drunk.

A total of 50,000 new bicycles was registered in the year.

如果作主语的名词词组是由“分数/百分数+ of”词组构成，其动词形式 取决于of词组中名词的类别。

例如：

Two-thirds of the people present is against the plan.

Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.

Over twenty percent of the city was destroyed in the war.

Forty-five percent of the doctors were woman.

两数相减或相除，谓语动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。

例如：

Sixty minus seventeen leaves forty-three.

Forty-two divided by six is seven.

Six and eight makes/make fourteen.

Six times eight is/are forty-eight.

如果主语由"one in/one out of + 复数名词" 构成，在正式语体中，动词用单数。

例如：

One in ten students has passed the examination.

One out of twelve bottles was left intact.

（二）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题

如果主语由 "a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of +名词"或由“a kind/sort/type of, this kind/sort/type of+名词” 构成，谓语动词通常用单数。
例如：

A panel of us has decided to hire a boat and travel through Holland by canal.

A pile of apple logs was set beside the hearth.

A portion of reports is deceiving.

This kind of cars is rather expensive.

This type of women is dangerous.

That type of machines is up-to-date.

如果主语是由“many a +名词" 或“more than one +名词"构成，随后的动词遵循“语法一致”原则，用单数。

例如：

Many a person in these circumstances has hoped for a long break.

Many a man has his own responsibility.

More than one student has failed the exam.

More than one ship was lost this year.

如果主语是all of, some of,none of, half of, most of,lots of,loads of ,plenty of,等表示非确定数量的名词词组，谓语动词的单、复数形式根据 of词组中名词类别而定。

例如：

Most of the money was recovered by Deputy Player.

All of the cargo was lost.

Some of the books were badly torn.

None of my friends ever come to see me.

Half of the building was destroied ring the war.

Half of the students are eager to leave now.

Lots of people are waiting outside.

Loads of apples have been distributed among the children.

Plenty of water was prepared for irrigation.

E. 英语主谓一致的详细讲解。

主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致，语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致，意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致，就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。

主谓一致( Subject-Verb Concord )

就其在现代语法中的基本原则而言，通常有三个不同角度的着眼点：1,语法一致 2,意义一致 3,就近原则。

（1）语法一致

主谓一致的原则是指，主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致：

主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语必须采取复数形式。

例如：

A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language.语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。(主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式）

（2）不定式，动名词，以及从句作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。

例如：

Reading often means learning .读书常意味是学习。

（3）不定代词及each作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。

例如：

Neither of my sisters likes sports .我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动。

（4）表示国家，机构，事件，作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。

例如：

One Thousand And One Nights tells people lots of mysterious bits of folklore .《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。

（5）a series of,a kind of,the number of等与名词构成名词短语作主语时看作单数，谓语动词用单数。

例如:

A series of high technology procts has been laid out in the exhibition. 一系列高科技产品已在展览上展出。

（6）由some,several,both,few,many,a number of 等词修饰主语，或是由它们自身作主语时应看作复数，谓语动词用复数。

例如：

Both of us are fond of watching football games .我们俩都喜欢看足球赛.

（7）由and连接两个主语时，如指同一人或物，谓语用单数；指不同的人或物，谓语用复数.

On the seashore,some people are playing volleyball and some are lying in the sun. 海边，有些人在打排球，有些人躺着晒太阳.

（8）有些短语，如：a lot of,most of,any of,half of,three fifths of,eighty percent of,some of,none of,the rest of,all of等后接不可数名词，或是单数形式的名词作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数；但如果后接可数名词的复数形式作主语时应看作复数，谓语动词用复数。

例如：

A lot of money in the shop was stolen yesterday when the electricity was suddenly cut off. 昨天突然断电时，那家商店丢失了许多钱.

（9）主语为单数个不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句时，谓语动词一般用单数。

（10）主语为三单，或习惯用作单数名词或不可数名词的词，如：money，information，clothing等，谓语动词用单数。

意义一致（Notional Concord )

这一原则是指，从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题.有时主语形式上为单数，但意义上却是复数，那么谓语依意义也用复数形式；而有时主语形式上为复数，但意义上却是单数，那么谓语依意义亦用单数形式。

（1）当主语后面接由as well as,as much as,accompanied by,including,in addition to,more than,no less than,rather than,together with等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的形式要依主语的单复数而定。

在这样的句子里，这些词所引导的词组不影响主语自身的单，复数形式，它们在句子里其实是状语.也就是说，我们完全可以将这些词组搬到句首或是放到句末去.从表面上我们也可以看出，它们与主语之间有","隔开。

例如：

Petroleum,along with fuel gas,has recently risen in price.目前石油和燃料煤气的价格上涨了。

（2）表示时间，金钱，距离，体积，重量，面积，数字等词语作主语时，其意义若是指总量应看作单数，谓语动词用单数；但如果其意义是指"有多少数量"则应该看作是复数，那么谓语动词也应该用复数。

例如：

Four weeks are often approximately regarded as one month.人们常大约地将四个星期看成一个月。

（3）形容词前加定冠词即"the + 形容词"作主语时，其意义若是指个人或是抽象概念应看作单数，谓语动词用单数；但如果其意义是指一类人则应该看作是复数，那么谓语动词也应该用复数。

例如：

The young,on the one hand,often think of the old conservative. On the other hand,the old always consider the young inexperience.一方面，青年人常认为老年人保守；另一方面，老年人总是认为青年人没有经验。

（4）当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人，同一物，同一事或者同一概念时，应看作单数，谓语动词用单数.另外，当and 连接两个形容词去修饰一个单数形式的主语时，其实是指两种不同的事物，主语则应该看作是复数，那么谓语动词也应该用复数。

例如：

War and peace is a constant theme in history. 战争与和平是一个历史上的永恒的主题.

（5）集体名词作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于主语的意义：主语表示整体时视为单数，谓语动词用单数；主语表示集体中的个体成员时视为复数，谓语动词用复数.这类集体名词常见的有：

army,audience,cattle,class,club,committee,crowd,family,government,group,majority,minority,part,people,police,public,staff,team等等，其中cattle,people,police一般看成复数形式.

例如：

The family are all fond of football. 那一家人都喜欢足球.

就近原则（Principle of Proximity )

这一原则是指，谓语动词的人称和数常常与最近作主语的词语保持一致.常出现在这类句子中的连词有：or,either… or …，neither… nor …，not only… but also …等.例如：

Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.不是我，就是他们要对那件事的结局负责任。

Neither the unkind words nor the unfriendly attitude has caused me any distress.既不是那些不友好的话，也不是那不友好的态度让我沮丧。

(5)英语初中语法主谓一致扩展阅读

1、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致

由and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。

如：

A young man and a girl want to go there.一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里。

2、但如果在意义上指同一个人，同一件事或同一个概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式.如：

A needle and thread was found on the floor.在地板上找到了针线（穿了线的针）。

当each ...and each...,every...and every...,no...and no...,many a...and many a...结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式.

如：

No man and no animal is to be found on the moon.在月球上没发现人和动物。

3、一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰，表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词一

般用复数.

如：

Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程。

但如果表示的是同一概念时应用单数。

如：

The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14.14课是最后一课也是最难的一课。

4、由not only... but also ...,either...or ...,neither... nor...,... or...连接的并列主语，谓语动词通常依就近一致原则决定.

如：

Either the players or the coach is responsible for the defeat.不是运动员就是教练应该对这次比赛的失利负责。

5、当主语由as well as,along with,together with,ratherthan,no less than,but,except,besides,in additionto,like,including等词连接时，其谓语动词的单复数形式通常由前面的词来决定。

如：

An iron and steal works,with some satellite factories. is to be built here.在这里将建立一个钢铁厂和一些卫星厂。

F. 英语语法：主谓一致

你好，science
and
technology就是“科技”的意思，你可以把它理解为
抽象名词
，
谓语动词
就是单数。

G. 初中英语主谓一致 each of

第一句主语是Each，表示我们中的每一个，为单数；第二句主语是We，表示所有的人都，为复数。