『壹』 初二英语下册每单元语法讲解和语法练习
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『贰』 八年级下册英语练习册的答案
一．A)1.has 2.are watching 3.playing 4.did 5.bought (B) 6.fight 7.outside 8.classroom 9.else 10.hall 二． CBDCD 三．1Can eat 2.Come to 3.No don’t 4.Don’t listen 5.other things 四 1. thoes rules 2.sports shoes 3.arrive late for 4.in the dining hall 5.at classroom outside 五．CAFDE Section B 一．（A）1. on 2.to 3. from to 4.at on 5.in by at (B) 6.children 7.talking 8.any 9.her 10.speaking 二．1~5. DCABC 6~10. CDADD 三．1.Do have to 2.Don’t run 3.Can play 4.have fun 5. can’t have to 四．1.Do you usually help your mom make dinner? 2.Don’t talk loudly in the classrooms! 3.I have to go to bed by 10 o’clock. 4.Do have to go to the Children’s Palase to learn the paino? 5.Can you meet friends at night? 五．1~5.CABDA 6~10CBDCA 六．Welcome to School Library 2.Don’t take your food into the libray or eat in here . 3.它们会使书本潮湿。 4.Three weeks 5.If you lost them,you have to play for them-------either pay money for them or buy the some books. 期中综合练习 1. across 2.hospital 3.magazines 4.camera 5. snow
『叁』 八年级下册英语语法 急求........
英语18种特殊的反意疑问句
介绍
1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句，用will you 多表示“请求”，用won't you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如：
Look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板，好吗？
Let引导的祈使句有两种情况：
1)Let's...,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。例如：
Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧，好吗？
还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。
2)Let us/me...后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。例如：
Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 让我试一试，行吗？
2.感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如：
What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气啊，是吧？
3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to，且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。例如：
He needs help, doesn't he?他需要帮助，是吗？
4.陈述部分主、谓语是I am...时，反意疑问句用aren't I 或am't I ,而不是am not I (可用am I not)。例如：
I'm working now, am't I? 我在工作，是吗？
5.陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时，反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。例如：
Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it? 我的收音机出毛病了，是吧？
6.陈述部分的主语是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如：
Everyone is here, aren't they? 大家都到了，是吗？
No one knows about it, do they? 没有人知道这件事，对吗？
7.陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时，反意疑问句的主语用it，当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时，其反意疑问句的主语用they。例如：
This is a plane, isn't it? 这是一架飞机，是吗？
These are grapes，aren't they? 这些是葡萄，是吗？
8.陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时，反意疑问句的主语可以用one，也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如：
One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one? 每个人都应该乐于助人，是吧？
9.当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时：few, little, seldom，hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等，其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。例如：
He is never late for school, is he? 他上学从不迟到，是吗？
10.当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的，其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如：
It is unfair, isn't it? 这不公平，是吧？
11.含有否定含义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时，其反意疑问句用肯定结构，也可以用否定结构。例如：
You got nothing from him, did you? 你从他那儿什么也没得到，是吗？
12.当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时，反意疑问句的主语应该用it。例如：
What you need is more important, isn't it？你需要的东西更重要，是吧？
13.当陈述部分含I think (believe, suppose...)that... 结构时，其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致，注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如：
I don't think he will come, will he? 我认为他不会来，对吗？
14.have(has)不是表示“有”的意思，并在句中做谓语时，其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。例如：
They had a meeting just now，didn't they? 他们刚才开了个会，是吗？
15.陈述部分有have to 时，其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如：
You have to water the vegetables every day, don't you?你每天都要浇菜，对吧？
16.陈述部分是there be句型时，其反意疑问句中要用there。例如：
There was a hospital here, wasn't there? 过去这儿有家医院，是吗？
17.陈述部分有had better时，反意疑问句中要用hadn't。例如：
We had better go to school at once, hadn't we? 我们现在最好马上去上学，好吗？
18.当陈述部分含有情态动词must时，我们便要分析一下must的含义。如果must 作“一定；要；必须”讲，反意疑问句须用mustn't或needn't；而当must作推测意义“一定是；必定”讲时，反意疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选用相应的形式。例如：
He must work hard at physics, mustn't he? 他必须努力学物理，是吧？
Tom must be at home，isn't he? 汤姆一定在家，是吧？
反意疑问句的回答
在回答的时候， 如果是前肯后否的句子，思维和中国人相同；如果是前否后肯的句子，思维正好同中国人相反：
He is a student, isn't he? (他是个学生，不是吗？）
Yes, he is.(是的，他是学生）
No, he isn't.(不是，他不是学生）
He doesn't like playing football, does he?(他不喜欢踢球，是吗？）
Yes, he does.(不是，他喜欢踢球）
No, he doesn't.(是的，他不喜欢踢球）
I am not a teacher, am I? (我不是一名老师，是吗?)
Yes, I am.(不是， 我是一名老师。）
No, I am not.(是的，我不是一名老师。）
对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构，反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时，回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。
例 ---He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球，不是吗？
---Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. ，是 他喜欢。/ 不 他不喜欢。
---His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？
---Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 不，她参加了。/ 是的，她没参加
若be动词后是never//few//little,后面的动词仍用肯定形式
反意疑问句的几点特殊情况
反意疑问句的构成有以下几点特殊情况须注意：
1．当陈述句的主语是everyone, everybody, someone, somebody时，简短问句中的主语通常用they。如果陈述句的主语是非人称的复合词，如everything, something, anything, 则简短问句中相应的人称代词是单数的中性词it。例如:
Somebody borrowed my coat yesterday, didn’t they?
Nobody came, did they?
Everyone thinks they’re the center of the universe, don’t they?
Nothing can stop us now, can it?
2．当陈述句是表示存在的句子时，简短问句用there 作形式主语。例如:
There isn’t a book on the table, is there?
There’s something wrong, isn’t there?
There won’t be any trouble, will there?
3．如果陈述句中包含有如下的否定或半否定词, 如seldom, hardly, never, rarely,little, few, nowhere, nothing，则简短问句通常用肯定形式。但如果陈述句中仅包含有否定前缀，则简短问句中用否定形式。例如：
He was unsuccessful, wasn’t he?
The rules are invariable, aren’t they?
He seldom pays more attention to his pronunciation, does he?
He hardly knows anything about computer, does he?
Tom has little knowledge of how to spend money, does he?
4．陈述句中是I am时，简短问句则用aren’t I。例如:
I am an excellent English speaker, aren’t I?
I am late, aren’t I ?
5．陈述句中是非限定人称代词one时，正式文体中，简短问句的主语为one，而非正式文体中用you。例如:
One must be honest, mustn’t one?
6．含有宾语从句的主从复合句的反意疑问句中，简短问句一般反映主句中主、谓之间的关系。但如果主句是I think, I suppose, I believe, I suspect, I imagine 等时，则简短问句反映的是that从句中主语与谓语之间的关系。例如：
They agreed that the United States shouldn’t make a war on Iraq, didn’t they?
I suppose (that) he is serious, isn’t he?
注意：否定词移位的情况，如：
I don’t suppose (that) he is serious, is he?
7．如果陈述句的谓语动词是have (当 “拥有”讲时), 简短问句可用have形式或用do形式。例如：
You have a nice house, haven’t/don’t you?
但如果陈述句是否定形式时，简短问句中动词的选择则由陈述句中的动词形式而定。例如：
He hasn’t a house of his own, has he?
He doesn’t have a house of his own, does he?
如果陈述句中的动词 have 表示“经历，遭受，得到，吃”的意思时，则简短问句中的动词用 do的形式。例如：
You often have headaches, don’t you?
8．当陈述句的动词是ought to时，英国英语中简短问句用ought，而美国英语中则用should。
9．陈述句中的动词是used to时，简短问句可用used 的形式或did的形式。例如:
The Smiths used to live in the countryside, usedn’t / didn’t they?
He didn’t use/used to tell lies, did he?
10.陈述句中动词为needn’t时，简短问句通常用 need。例如:
You needn’t do it if you don’t want to, need you?
You needn’t have told him the news, need you?
11.陈述句中must后动词的类属和时态不同，反意疑问句也不同。例如:
The food must be good, isn’t it?
You must have read the book last month, didn't you?
You must see the doctor, needn’t you?（must表必要性，故用needn’t）
You mustn’t do that again, must you?(must表示“不可以”）
12.当陈述部分是一祈使句时，简短问句则通常为 won’t you, would you, can you, can’t you, could you等，使语气婉转、客气。如果陈述部分的祈使句中含有第
一人称时，如Let’s do something, 则简短问句为 shall we?例如:
Do sit down, won’t you?
Shut up, can you?
在否定的祈使句后， 只能用will you。例如:
Don’t forget, will you?
13.当遇到宾语从句时候.一般反主句.但是以 I think I believe. Isuppose ....开头的反从句
『肆』 八年级下册英语练习
1、【A】 你认为哪项兴趣爱好占用的时间最少？
taske up 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间,地方)
clear up 清理；放晴；整理；打扫
stand up 站起来；坚持；竖立；站得住脚；拥护
grow up 成长，逐渐形成
2、【B】 你有收集什么东西吗？ 在疑问句中什么东西用anything。
3、【A】 这个月末时将有一场运动会。
in the end of 在……结束的时候
by the end of 到……时为止
at the end of 在……结束时
to the end of 到～的尽头
4、【C】
take out 取出；去掉；出发；抵充
turn out 生产；结果是；关掉；出动；驱逐
come out 出现；出版；结果是
drop out 退出；退学；脱离
5、【D】 the best of 最好的
6、【C】 你多长时间与你的兄弟玩一次风筝？
how long 多长时间
how many 多少个
how often 多长时间一次（问频率）
how far 多远
7、【A】make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
你是怎样对种植花朵感兴趣的呢？
恩，这样的，我的妈妈首先让我认真思考这件事。
8、【B】enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事，喜欢做某事
9、【A】in the summer of 1990，固定搭配，在某年的夏天
10、【D】I think it is ... to do sth. 固定搭配，我认为做某事怎样
『伍』 八年级下册英语语法及试题
一、 按要求完成下列各题（10）
1. She is a lazy girl, every day she always_________（抄袭） homework.
2．Don’t be so (紧张的).you could do better.
3.The students in Class two will (组织) a class meeting on Sunday .
4.We believe his (决定) is the best one.
5.We live on the e . we must protect(保护) it well.
6.Do you like travelling by p or by train?
7.The f to New York will take off at 10:00.
8. When the car a happened, I was shopping.
9.The plane t off at nine o’clock and will reach Tokey in about half an
hour.
10. My dream is to become a l to help people to solve some arguments(纠纷).
二、选择题（15）
( )1. My math teacher said I was hard-working.（选与划线处的近义项）
A. hard worked B. worked hardly C. worked hard D. hardly work
( )2. If you bring snacks to the party, the teachers will _____________.
A.take it away B.take them away C.take away it D.take away them
( )3. She cared for her mother yesterday.
A. looked for B. took care of C. took care for D. looked over
( )4. I'm going to study harder this semester.
A. year B. month C. term D. team
( )5. Fortunately, he passed the end-of-year test..
A. Finally B. lucky C. badly D. Luckily
( )6. Could you please pass on the book ____me?
A. at B. on C. onto D. to
( )7. I think I am ____ at speaking than Lucy is.
A. good B. better C. well D. worst
( )8. My sister said she ___going to Dalian.
A. would B. was C. is D. will
( )9. He asked me whom I _____ for.
A. was waiting B. wait C. will wait D. am waiting
( )10. He told me ___ he was late.
A. why B. what C. which D. who
( )11．I hear she'll be back ________ a week.
A. after B. in C. from D. at
( )12．Did he give you anything else ________ the book?
A. but B. besides C. beside D. except
( )13．The teacher said light ________ much faster than sound.
A. traveled B. travels C. will travel D. had traveled
( )14．If it ________ , I'll go to the zoo.
A. won't rain B. don't rain C. doesn't rain D. rain
( )15. ( )24.If you are famous,people will follow you _____.
A.somewhere B.anywhere C.everywhere D.nowhere
三、 改错题，错误代码写在括号里，改正后的答案写在后面横线上。（5）
( )1.My mother went to bed until I came back.
A B C D
( )2. Many young people were interesting in the soap operas .
A B C D
( )3.My cousin said he will visit Shanghai the next day .
A B C D
( )4.You are not supposed shouting in the room .
A B C D
( )5. Last week Tina and her friend has a big fight.
A B C D
四、补全对话（15）
A．从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话（5）
A. You will have a good time.
B.And can you make some food for us.
C.Will you help me organize it?
D. There’s test tomorrow.
E. I’m going to take a bus to the party.
F. Let’s have it today after class.
G. I don’t think we should watch a video.
A:Hi,Mark. I want to have a class party. 1
M: Sure, Andrea. I can help you. So when shall we have the party?
A: 2
M: No, today is too early. If we have it today, half the class won’t come.
A: Okay,let’s have it tomorrow.
M:Hmm… 3 Students will leave early to study for the test. Let’s have it on the weekend.
A: Okay, let’s have it on Saturday afternoon. We can all meet and watch a video.
M:No, 4 some students will be bored . Let’s play party games.
A:Okay, good idea. Can you organize the party games?
M: Sure, I can do that. 5
A:Yes, that’s no problem.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
B. 填一个适当的词补全对话（10）
A:Did you get your report 1 today ,Scott?
B: Yes.
A:So,how did you do?
B:I did ok 2 some subjects.
A:What did your history teacher say?
B:He 3 I could do better.
A: That’s not good, how 4 English?
B:Oh,miss liu said I was good 5 speaking.
A: That’s good, how about 6 ?
B:Oh, science is hard.
A:Yes, then what did your teacher 7 ?
B:He said I 8 lazy.
A:You have to work 9 from now on.
B: I know. I 10 .
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
五完型填空(10)
I always believed in the UFO, but I didn’t see one. My husband didn’t believe
in the UFO before that 1 .
Last Friday night, he was driving home 2 work. He drove near a gas
station(加油站) and saw a bright light. It looked 3 a light. It was low, and it
wasn’t moving . So he didn’t 4 too much about it. He thought maybe it was a
street light. So he 5 up further(进一步) and then the light went off（消失）.
But a few minutes later it was on. He stopped the car. He 6 and looked
around but saw nothing.
After a short while the 7 was on again. He got in the car and drove
another 2 miles to our house. He sat in the 8 for a few minutes thinking of
what he saw. He got out of the car and the moving light went off. Then when he
looked back,he could 9 it in the sky, Then he was 10 it must be a
UFO. He went into our house, and told me about it.
( ) 1.A. morning B. afternoon C. night D. year
( ) 2. A.before B. then C. of D. after
( ) 3. A.like B. of C. out D. over
( ) 4. A.watch B.look C.think D.guess
( ) 5. A. drove B.ran C.walked D. jumped
( ) 6.A. got in B.got out C.got off D. got on
( ) 7.A noise B.train C. car D. light
( ) 8.A.gas station B. car C. dedroom D.office
( ) 9.A.watch B. hear C. see D.look at
( )10.A.bored B. sure C interested D. surprised
六、完成句子（10）
1. Lana说他再也不对Marcia感到生气了。
Lana said she _____ be ____ at Macia _____.
2. 这学期，我学物理很困难。
I have a really _____ physics this .
3. 他说他会克服学习方面的困难。
He said he would ____ ____ difficuties in study.
4. 旅行能开阔我学生的视野，了解外面的世界。
Travlling can______ my eyes to the outside world .
5. 志愿这们将关心濒临灭绝的野生动物。
Volunteers will _____ the wild animal _____.
七、句型转换。（10）
1. Sam said, “I am very busy.”(改为间接引语)
Sam said that_____ _____ very busy.
2. The teacher said to him, “Don’t sleep in class.”(改为间接引语)
The teacher told him____ _____ ____ in class.
3. The girl was shopping when the alien got out. （一般问句）
______ the girl _____when the alien got out?
4. I was cutting her hair when the accident happened.（ 提问）
_____ ______ you _____ when the accident happened.
5. The Greens were watching TV at 8:00 yesterday.（提问）
_____ ______ the Greens______ at 8:00 yesterday?
八、阅读理解（15 ）
A ：读后判断正误（5）
“Millions of young people will lose their hearing in five years if they listen to
MP3 players at a too high voice every day,”scientists say recently.What do you think after knowing the information?Do you often listen to MP3 players at a too high voice?Are you scared?
The sizes of MP3 players are very small, but small MP3 players make it easy to
take hundreds of songs with you. So many young people carry them and listen to
music every day . MP3 players players are very popular among students.
The scientists say teenagers should be far from high volume（音量）, including
mobile phones’ noise. A study says,“High volume and long listening time can
cause
（引起、造成）hearingproblems.”They think if young people listen at more than 89
decibels(分贝）every day, they will lose their hearing in five years. A scientist said
“So many young people often use personal music players and mobile phones at a
high voice.I am afraid that they may be un knowing losing their hearing.”
So let’s turn our MP3 players down!
( )1.A person will become deaf in 5 years if he or she listen to a MP3 player every day.
( ) 2.Many young people don’t carry MP3 and listen to music every day.
( )3.We can put hundreds of songs in MP3 players though they are very small.
( )4.The mobile phone can also cause hearing problems if we don’t use it correctly.
( )5.Scientists ad vise us to turn off our MP3 players.
B．阅读短文选择正确答案
Xiao ming bring his school report card home. He doesn’t want to show it to
parents.He puts it under his bed. Then he throws his schoolbag on the table and goes into the sitting room and turns on the TV. There is a football game on it and he begins to watch it .But after supper his dog Bobby goes under the bed and brings his report card out. His mother sees it and begins to read.
“Oh,dear!” the woman calls out. “You are no good at all !Look! You get a zero
in the English test,in the math test ,too. Oh! You get zeroes in all your lessons.You
pass only PE. Tell me how you study at school…”
“Don’t be angry, Mummy,” says Xiao Ming,”Nobody is perfect, you know!”
1. Xiao Ming comes home .
A. in the morning B. in the afternoon C. in the evening D.at night
2.Xiao Ming is good at .
A. English B. math C. all his lessons D. PE
3.Xiao Ming puts his school report card under the bed because .
A.he hopes to look after it B.he’s afraid his parents see it
C. it’s too big D.it’s no use
4.Who is Bobby?
A.Xiao Ming’ mother B.XiaoMing’ father C.Xiao Ming himself D.Xiao Ming’s dog
5.The woman is angry because
A.hes son puts his school report card under the bed
B. the dog finds the school report
C.her son is not good at his lessons
D her son likes football
C．阅读短文回答问题（5）
A man was killed at around 10 o’clock last night. Here are some people’s
statements(陈述) about what they were doing at that time.
Mr Green: I was watching TV with my wife and children at 10 o’clock . Then I went to bed.
Mrs Brown:I’m a nurse. I was taking care of a patient in the hospital at 10 o’clock last night. I got home at around 12 o’clock.
Mr Black: I was reading a newspaper at home yesterday evening, but I was too tired and fell asleep.
Mrs Green:My family were watching TV at 10 o’clock last night , and we went to bed at about 10:30.
Sally(Mrs Brown’s patient): Mrs Brown was so nice that she looked after me late into the night until 11:30
Mrs Black:My husband went out after supper. I went to bed at 9:50, but he didn’t come back at that time. I didn’t know when he got home.
Miss Black: I was watching TV last night .I went to bed at 10:05. My mother was sleeping alone in her bedroom. I didn’t see my father last night.
1. What were the Greens doing at 10 o’clock last night?
2. What happened to Sally at that time?
3. Was Mr Black reading a newspaper at home yesterday evening according to his
wife’s and daughter’s statements?
4. According to these statements, who do you think probably murdered the man?
5. What did Mrs Brown do at that time?
九 作文（10）
假如你是Alice,今天收到了年终考试成绩单。当看到英语考试成绩时你感到紧
成绩很令人失望，但是你想学好，可是不知怎么办？你现在的困惑是读写差，有时做作业抄袭别人的。为此请给你的英语老师Martin写一封60-80词左右的信。并想象一下老师给出的合理化建议。
Dear Martin:
This is Alice.Today I got my school report card
Yours
Alice
『陆』 八年级英语下册短文填空专练用所给词的适当形式
Where is it? 题在哪
『柒』 谁有初二下英语五种句型专项练习题答案
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
一： S V （主＋谓）
二： S V P （主＋系＋表）
三： S V O （主＋谓＋宾）
四： S V o O （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
五： S V O C （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
S │ V （不及物动词）
1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。
2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。
3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。
4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。
5. Who │cares? 管它呢？
6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。
7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。
8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。S │V（是系动词）│ P
1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。
2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。
3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。
4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。
5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮
6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。
7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们井干枯了。
8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了
S │V（及物动词）│ O
1. Who │knows │the answer? 谁知道答案？
2. She │smiled │her thanks. 她微笑表示感谢。
3. He │has refused │to help them. 他拒绝帮他们。
4. He │enjoys │reading. 他喜欢看书。
5. They │ate │what was left over. 他们吃了剩饭。
6. He │said │"Good morning." 他说："早上好！"
7. I │want │to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。
8. He │admits │that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误
S │V（及物）│ o（多指人） │ O（多指物）
1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。
2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。
3. He │brought │you │a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。
4. He │denies │her │nothing. 他对她什么都不拒绝。
5. I │showed │him │my pictures. 我给他看我的照片
6. I │gave │my car │a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。
7. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。
S V O C （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系，它们一起构成复合宾语。
名词/代词宾格 + 名词
The war made him a soldier./战争使他成为一名战士.
名词/代词宾格 + 形容词
New methods make the job easy./新方法使这项工作变得轻松.
名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语
I often find him at work./我经常发现他在工作.
名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式
The teacher ask the students to close the windows./老师让学生们关上窗户.
名词/代词宾格 + 分词
I saw a cat running across the road./我看见一只猫跑过了马路.
8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。