❶ 初中英语语法知识点分析与总结(详细)
这个量太大了,推荐参考奥风英语的语法三剑客, 中考版 三件一套,专 包括 中考语法完全突属破视频教程,记忆大纲和练习,视频供学习,大纲供背诵记忆,练习供巩固应用,学记练一体,配套完善,系统全面。直接针对中考,可以说是目前公认最好的语法资料了。网络 中考语法完全突破 或进入奥风英语网站即可找到视频,不妨搜来看看。毕竟别人的意见仅供参考,到底是否适合自己还是要亲自看一下。
❷ 初中英语语法系统复习题和解析
初中英语语法训练专题(一)名词
系列复习题(一)——名词
一、基本型
写出下列名词的复数形式:
1. pencil-box ___________ 2. wife _______ 3. Sunday________
4. city______ 5. dress _______6. Englishman ________
7. match _______ 8. Chinese ________9. zoo ________
10. exam________ 11. German __________
单词拼写:
12. I have a lot of ________(作业) to do every day.
13. His _______(裤子) are new, but mine are old.
14. It is the best one of the _________ (照片) in my family.
15. Are they building any _______ (图书馆) in the city?
16. Can you cut this big pear into two _______(半)?
17. At the end of _______(八月), you must get ready for the new school year.
18. Trees are planted in most of the mountain v________.
19. I like a_______. It‘s neither hot nor cold.
20. T_______ comes after Monday.
二、提高型来源:
21. June 1st is ____ Day all over the world.
A. Child‘s B. Childs’ C. Children‘sD. Childrens’
22. September 10th is ___ Day in China, isn‘t it?
A. Teacher‘sB. Teachers’C. TeacherD. Teacher of
23. _____ is made of _____.
A. Glass; glassB. A glass; glassC. Glasses; glasses D. A glass; glasses
24. This is _______ news.
A. such a good B. a very good C. so good a D. such good
25. What ______ it is! Let‘s go swimming.
A. a fine weatherB. fine dayC. a fine dayD. bad weather
26. They like Chinese _____.
A. food and peoples B. foods and people C. foods and people D. food and people
27. Lucy and I go to school _____ every day.
A. on feet B. on foot C. by foots D. by buses
28. –Are those _____? -No, they aren‘t. They’re _____.
A. sheep; cows B. sheep; cow C. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows
29. What are you listening to, Jane? ____ or ____?
A. a music; a news B. music; news C. music; news D. music; a news
30. How many ____ and ____ are there in your class?
A. boy student; girl ones B. girls students; boys ones
C. boys student; girl one D. girl students; boy ones
31. A group of ____ are talking with two ___ over there.
A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; Germen
C. German; Frenchmen D. Germans; Frenchmans
32. That bus driver drank two _____.
A. glass of water B. glasses of waters C. cups of tea D. cup of tea
33. Mrs. Smith is an old friend of _______.
A. Bob‘s mother B. Bob’s mother‘s C. mother of Bob D. Bob mother’s
34. The tall man with a big nose is _______ teacher.
A. Tom and Carl B. Tom‘s and Carl’s C. Tom and Carl‘s
35. There is ______ tree in our school.
A. a 8-metres-tall B. an-8-metre-tall C. an 8 metres tall
三、综合型
36. In ____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.
A.fewyear B. a few years\' C. few years D. a few year’s
37. Did you hear the ______ report?
A. police B. policemen‘s C. policemans’ D. policemens‘
38. We bought _____ for my mother‘s birthday.
A. some meats B. some pieces meat C. a piece of meat D. pieces of meats
39. –Whose is this new desk?-It‘s _____.
A. Sue and Jim‘s B. Sue and Jim C. Sue’s and Jim‘s
40. –Would you like _____ coffee?-No, thanks. I‘ve drunk two __.
A.any; bottles of orange B. little; bottle of oranges
C. some; bottles of orange D. a few; bottle of orange
41. –How many _____ do you want?-Two, please.
A. kilos of eggB. kilo of eggsC. kilos of eggsD. kilo of bread
42. The railway station is two _____ from our house.
A. hour‘s drive B. hours’ drive C. hour-drive D. hours drive
43. –Where are you going, Lucy?-_______.
A. To my uncle B. To my uncle‘s C. At my uncle D. At my uncle’s
44. Have you read _____?来源:www.examda.com
A. a newspaper of today‘s B. today newspaper
C. a piece of newspaper today D. today‘s newspaper
45. There‘re a lot of ___ down there, but hardly any ___.
A. horse; people B. horses; peoples C. cow; people D. sheep; people
46. Lucy put a lot of ____ in ____ of tea. (2000西安)
A. sugar; the two cup B. sugars; the two cups
C. sugar; the two cups D. sugars; two cups
47. Mr. Lin often gives us _______ by e-mail. (2000上海)
A. some good information B. some good informations
C. good informations D. a good information
48. –Is this your room?-No, it‘s _____ room.(2000广州)
A. box of apple B. boxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple
49. –Help yourself to some _________.
-Thank you. I really like them.(2001汕头)
A. fish B. orange C. bread D. cakes
50. This is an old photo of mine when I _______. (2001吉林)
A. have short hairs B. had short hairs
C. have short hair D. had short hair
51. Where is ________ sweater? I can‘t see it.(2001四川)
A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Lucy‘s
52. The little baby has two _______ already.(2001天津)
A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths
53. We all had ______ last month. Did you travel to anywhere?
A. seven days‘ holiday B. seven day’s holiday
C. seven-days holiday D. a seven-days holiday
54. Yesterday a few _____ came to visit some ______ in Shantou.
A. German; places of interest B. Germans; places of interests
C. Germans; places of interest D. Germen; places of interest
55. When autumn comes, ______ of most trees turn yellow and then fall down.
A. leaf B. leafs C. leave D. leaves
中学英语常用短语精解之一
(1)to get on (2)to get off (3)to put on (4)to take off (5)to call up
(6)to turn on (7)to turn off (8)right away (9)to pick up (10)at once
1. to get on : (to enter, board)
【说明:】to get on(搭乘,上车) 动词get的用法很多,常常在后面接用各种不同的介系词或副词而形成意义不同的习语。这里的on是介系词,后面的bus和subway用作它的受词。如果on作副词用,则有进步,相处甚好,与年事已长的意思。
【例:】(1) I always get on the bus at 34th Street.
我总是在34街搭乘公共汽车。
(2) William gets on the subway at the same station every morning.
威廉每天早晨在同一车站搭乘地下火车。
2.to get off : (to leave, descend from)
【说明:】to get off (下车)与上面的get on相反。Get off也有好些其它的意义,如寄出,离开等。下车也可以用alight from或get out of a carriage或motor car, 不过下电车或公共汽车多用get off .
【例:】(1) Helen got off the bus at 42nd Street.
海伦在42街下公共汽车。
(2) At what station do you usually get off the subway?
你通常在那一站下地下火车?
3.to put on: (to place on oneself-said particularly of clothes)
【说明:】 to put on (穿,戴)特别指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽、戴眼镜也用这个成语。英文中还有wear和dress二字也是穿的意思。可是wear是继续的动作,表示穿着的状态,而put on是一时的动作。下面两个句子都是错的:
I shall wear my overcoat before I go out (应用put on). In such cold weather I put on my overcoat all day (应用wear).dress后面的受词一定是人,如dress a child, dress oneself, be dressed in white, Get up and dress quickly. (快点起来穿好衣服。)
【例:】(1) Mary put on her hat and left the room.
玛丽戴上她的帽子就离开这屋子。
(2) Why is John putting on his hat and coat?
约翰为什么穿衣戴帽呢?
4.to take off : (to remove-said also of clothes)
中学英语 常用短语精解
【说明:】to take off (脱去)与put on 的意义相反,指脱去衣物鞋帽.民可以用put off, 但较不通用。
【例:】(1) John took off his hat as he entered the room.
约翰在这屋时脱下他的帽子。
(2) Is Helen taking off her coat because it is too warm in the room?
海伦是不是因为室内太暖和而脱去她的外衣呢?
5.to call up: (to telephone)
【说明:】to call up (打电话给……)后面一定要有受词,也就是接电话的人。如果受词是代名词的话,常插在call与up 之间。
【例:】 (1) I forgot to call up Mr. Jones yesterday although I promised to call him up exactly at three o’clock.
我昨天忘记打电话给钟斯先生,虽然我答应了在三点钟的时候打电话给他的。
(2) Did anyone call me up while I was out?
我出去的时候有人打电话来找我吗?
6.to turn on : (to start, begin)
【说明:】to turn on (扭开,打开)指扭开电灯,电炉,电扇,煤气等的按钮或开关,以及自来水的水龙头等而言。开电灯也可以用put on the light.
【例:】(1) Please turn on the light. This room is dark.
请你扭开电灯,这房间太黑暗了。
(2) Someone turned on the radiator in this room while we were out.
我们外出时,有人把房内的电炉扭开了。
7.to turn off : (to stop, terminate extinguish)
【说明:】to turn off (关闭,停止)指扭熄电灯,关闭无线电、自来水等。关灯也可以用put out the light.
【例:】(1) Please turn off the light. We do not need it now.
请把电灯关了,我们现在不需要它。
(2) Shall I turn off the radio or are you still listening to it?
我可以把收音机关掉吗,你是不是还要收听呢?
8.right away : (immediately, at once, very soon)
【说明:】right away (立刻,马上)为美国口头语,没有immediately与at once正式,系一副词片语,与right now (exactly now )的意思相仿。
【例:】(1) She says that dinner will be ready right away.
她说晚餐马上就准备好了。
(2) Can William come to my office right away?
威廉能够立刻就到我的办公室来吗?
9.to pick up : (to take-especially with fingers)
【说明:】to pick up (拾起,拣起)尤指用手指把东西拿起业而言。To pick up还有很多 其它的用法。如
①让人搭便车:
The motorist picked up a couple of servicemen along the highway .
(这个乘汽车的人在公路上让两个军人搭乘便车。)
②听会,自然学会,(言语,游戏等):
He never studied French; what he knows he picked up while living in France.
(他从来没有学过法文;他所知道的是他住在法国的时候听会的。)
③捉住,逮捕,萍水相逢便行订交,选出:
I picked up London last night.
(昨晚我在无线电听到了伦敦的播音。)
【例:】(1) John Picked up the newspaper which was on his desk.
约翰把书桌上的报纸拿了起来。
(2) Why didn’t you pick up that pencil which lay on the floor?
你为什么不把地板上的那枝铅笔拾起来呢?
10.at once: (immediately, very soon, right away)
【说明:】at once (立刻,马上)为一级通用的副词片语,也可以作为同时(simultaneously) 解,如:This book is at once interesting and instructive.(此书既有趣又有益。)
【例:】(1) He asked me to come to his office at once.
他请我立刻就到他的办公室去。
(2) I want you to send this telegram at once.
我希望你马上把这电报发出去。
❸ 初中英语语法总结
语法项目 构 成 用 法 象 征 词 规则变化 不规则变化 例 句
一般现在时 动词用原形
三人称单数-s / es 表示经常性的
动作或状态 Every often always on 天 in月、季、节、年。 一般-s –es 辅音+y---ies have----has
He goes to school every day.
I often have lunch at home.
一般过去时 动词用过去时
Be—was/ were 表过去某个、段时间内动作及状态 ago/just now /In1998 last/yesterday 等 一般/去e 双写/辅+y结尾-ied go-went come-came
do-did leave-left等 He wrote a letter yesterday.
I studied hard last year.
一般将来时 be going to+V原
will / shall + V原 在将来某个时间或
某段时要做的事 tomorrow / after
next / tonight in 2010
Go come leave stay
fly等用进行表将来 Are you going to read ?
He is coming tomorrow .
现在进行时 be+doing 表此时此刻正进行的动作或状态 listen look now
all the time Don’t… 一般去e 双写
+ing tie die lie –
变ie为y加ing Tom is writing now .
They are lying on the bed .
现在完成时
现在完成进行 have / has +PP
have/has been+doing 发生在过去影响在现在的动作或状态等 含糊的频率副词 already just never ever 分词规则的同过去式是一样的 不规则的动词的过去分词需逐个记忆 I have been teaching for 8 years.
He has slept for two days.
.过去进行时 was / were +doing
多用于复合句中 表在过去某时间正在进行的动作 at this time yesterday
last Sunday evening 一般去e 双写
+ing tie die lie –
变ie为y加ing He was reading at that time
last Friday
过去完成时 had+动过去分词
多用于复合句中 该动作发生在过去的过去 by the time+过去时
when after before 规则的分词构成与过去时一样的 需要逐个记忆
详见不规则动词表 We had learnt 2000 words
by the end of last year.
过去将来时 would + V 原形
多用宾语从句中 过去看来将要发生的动作或状态 He said that he… the next day . He said that he would come here the next day .
比较级形式
形容副词名词 后--er 前加more
名词比较用more 表示两个人、物
之间进行比较时 than /much/ a little
far / in the two 等 一般/去e 双写/辅+y结尾-ier good/well —better
much/many—more She is the tall in the two.
He runs faster than Tom .
最高级形式
形容副词名词 后-est 前加most
名词比较用most 大于等于三个人、物之间进行比较 in the +比较范围
of the 具体的数字 一般/去e 双写/辅+y结尾-iest bad/ill/badly-worst
far-farther-farthest She is the most beautiful
in her class.(最高级加the)
动词不定式
to do没有人称和数的变化 作主语
To read is helpful for anybody now . 作宾语
He wants to buy a dictionary. 作宾补
I hear him sing yesterday
Tom told me to open it. 作表语
His job is to take care of children . 作状语
He’ll go to see a doctor tomorrow . 作定语
He has much homework
to do every day .
主从复合句 状语从句
句子作状语 (时间地点原因条件让步比较)
He was writing a letter when I came in。 宾语从句
句子作宾语(语序、时态、引导词、客观事实)
He asked me if I had been to Beijing before. 定语从句
句子作定语(修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先行词)
I saw the man who was stealing my bike yesterday
主动结构
与
被动结构
主动语态:主语(人、物)+ 谓语 + 宾语
动作执行者 + 及物动词 + 动作承受者
被动语态:主语(人、物)+be PP + by宾语
动作承受者 + be PP + by动作执行者
在被动语态中没有可以省to 的不定式 We speak English .
主语 谓语 宾语
English is spoken by us
宾改主 谓语动词 be PP 主by 宾 主动变被动,先找主、谓、宾,宾改主、主by宾,代词变格要细心,谓语动词be pp,时态随主、数随被
PP 是及物动词的过去分词加ed 或不规则详见表
被动句的时态(be)随主动句的时态(do)人称和数应随被动句的主语(am、is、are、was、were等 )
❹ <<初中英语语法300题>>的所有题的解析 谢谢了
不知道是不是需要答案。先把答案发给你
1-10 B B B B D A B D C A
11-20 B C B C D B C B C B
21-30 D A C B A D A B C A
31-40 B A B B A B B C B B
41-50 B B D B D C A A B B
51-60 B C B A C B B B C C
61-70 D B C A C B C C B B
71-80 A D A C C D A A B B
81-90 D A B B B A C A B D
91-100 B A D C A C C B A
这是前100题的答回案,你把做错的题的题号告诉我答,我给你讲解。
回头我再给你发后面的答案
❺ 初中英语语法详细讲解
现在的语法书简直多数是拼凑的,枯燥难懂,估计多数学生看后都头疼,老师也不想多看只是没办法才抽取精华来讲解。作为教师和作者,限于出版社的要求自己也没办法改变这个模式,只有传统的模式来做。
自己也苦苦思考,到底我们老师应该给学生做些什么帮助他们呢?所以自己根据自己平时教学总结的经验和经常辅导基础差的学生之后总结了简单易懂的初中语法教程,形成了自己特色的语法书。但愿未来的出版能够给学生们做出自己的贡献。
一定要买些简单易懂的语法书,才是一种享受,否则只会看后头疼痛苦没有多大进步。或者参加培训班,那都是精华。有些书特别是词汇辨析的,看后简直是迷糊无所获,者都在于作者网上搜集看别人的修改成的,没有自己的思维特色和见解来做的书,因为出版社要求作者一定的时间作出稿件,根本时间不多,或者作者为了完成任务接着做下一个稿件挣更多的稿费。经济时代也许有很多的无奈,所以说垃圾书是普遍存在的。中国这么多人一个县卖一本也销售好多了啊。所以都讲究出版速度。况且很多出版商都是买的书号销售图书,根本不从精细处真正为读者考虑。我研究过数十本语法书,感觉印象深的还是《新编简明英语语法》和《中学英语语法讲座与测试》最好了,不过《新编简明英语语法》我从亲戚那里弄来一本有8年了,还是盗版的一直很好的保存借鉴着,这本语法书还是相对很不错的。 总之语法其实很简单,不要沉迷于语法书,那样太累并且看后会更加反感困惑,对英语迷糊。不过任何事情都是对人的。
❻ 初中英语语法大全
学英语一开始要学发音。英语是拼音文字,由字母组单字。英语字母共有二十六个,其中字母a、e、i、o、u是元音字母,其余二十一个是辅音字母,其中y字母有时当元音字母用。每个字母可以有一个或一个以上的读音,因此,英语语音共有五十个音位,音位的书写形式是音位字母,即音标符号,一个音位字母即音标,表示一个音位,所以,必须先学习五十个KK音标,然后根据发音规则拼读单字。下面是一些常用的发音规则。
一、辅音字母在单字中的发音一般是一对一的,如p-b、t-d、k(qu)、f-v、s-z、r、h、j、m、n、l、w就发它的本音,一般字母和音标写法一致,或者字母名称当中,包含了这个字母的音素。
二、有些辅音字母有多个发音。如:字母c后面接a,o,u的时候,c的发音与字母k发音相同,叫做“hard c sound”,当字母c后面接e,i,或y的时候,通常c的发音与字母s发音相同,叫做“soft c sound” 。有时在e或i前面,c会发/ʃ/音。字母g后面接a,o,u的时候,所发的音叫做“hard g sound” ,当字母g后面接e,i,或y的时候,有时g的发音与字母j的发音相同,叫做“软g音”。x在单词中间或结尾时发/ks/音,在单词中间时有时发/gz/音,在单词起始位置时发/z/音。y在单词起始位置时发音为辅音/j/,单词或音节中间或结尾时被当做元音,在重读开音节里发长元音/aɪ/,在重读闭音节里和词末发短元音/ɪ/。
三、辅音字母组合的发音也是有规律可循的。常见的辅音字母组合有:tr-dr,发音时舌身与r相似,舌尖贴上齿龈后部,气流冲破阻碍发出短促的t-d后立刻发r。ck只发一个k的音,ng的发音是舌头抵住上颚后方所发出的鼻音,n在k之前也这样发音。
四、复合字母构成的单音。digraph是两个(或三个)辅音字母在一起只发一个音,通常指以下四种组合:ch(tch),sh,wh和th。ch发/tʃ/音,sh发/ʃ/音,一般来说wh发/hw/音(清辅音),但在o前面发/h/音,th的发音则需要一些记忆力了,在虚词和一部分代词中发浊音(舌尖在上下牙齿中间,声带需要振动,声音从牙齿和舌头之间的缝隙里出来),其它以th开始的单词基本上都发清音(舌尖在上下牙齿中间,声音从牙齿和舌头之间的缝隙里出来,但是声带不振动)。
五、在有些辅音字母组合中,其中一个字母是不发音的,如kn中的k、ps中的p、mb和bt里的b、mn里的m、wr中的w。在罗曼语族词汇里,辅音字母h一般也不发音;而在法语词源的外来语里,辅音字母在词末也不发音,如depot、ballet、faux pas等。
六、英语里元音的发音比较复杂,每个元音都可以发多个音,掌握了元音的发音规律才能对整个单词的发音有比较准确的掌握。元音字母有五个:a,e,i,o,u,另外y在一个单词的中间或结尾时也被当做元音。每个单词里都包含有至少一个元音,元音是单词的“最强音”。元音所发的音取决于该元音在单词中的位置或它是如何与其它元音组合的。一般来说,如果五个元音字母中的任意一个后面紧接着一个或几个辅音字母,这个元音字母就处于重读闭音节中,发成短音:a发/æ/、e发/ɛ/、i和y都发/ɪ/音、o发/α/、u发/ʌ/音。
七、如果一个单词以字母e结尾,前面的元音发长音,叫做重读相对开音节(magic e)。如果一个元音是在一个单词或重读音节的结尾,该元音也发长音,叫做重读开音节,所谓长音就是元音字母的名字,如:a的长音为/e/,e的长音为/i/,i和y的长音都是/aɪ/,o的长音为/o/,u的长音为/ju/。重读相对开音节结尾的字母e只起到让前面的元音发长音的作用,自己是不发音的。
八、当一个单词或音节里有两个元音时,通常第一个元音发长音,第二个元音不发音,叫做vowel digraph。但是al、au、aw、ou、o有时发/ɔ/这个音,也是长元音。但是,在一些特殊情况下,元音后面紧接着辅音字母的时候,该元音是发长音的。如o在st、ld前,i在gh、gn、ld、nd前都要发长音,但元音字母o接st时有时也发成长元音/ɔ/,如cost,lost等。
九、双元音是两个元音音素组合在一起的,所以听上去有两个音,尽管这两个音并不是两个元音所单独发出的,如oi(oy)和ou(ow)分别发/ɔɪ/和/aʊ/音。
十、元音字母与r结合起来后,发卷舌音,如ar发/αr/、or发/ɔr/、er、ir、ur都发/ɝ/。
十一、五个元音字母在非重读音节中发弱元音/ə/。
学会了发音后,再开始学词汇和语法。英语属于印欧语系的日耳曼西部语支,英语的词汇有开放性,一部分是日耳曼语族词汇,一部分是罗曼语族词汇,还有一部分是从法语、德语、西班牙语、意大利语、拉丁语、希腊语、阿拉伯语以及其它语言引进的词汇。英语属于屈折语,但是它的屈折变化形式相对比较少,除了名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词有词形变化外,数词、冠词、介系词、连接词、感叹词都是不变的,只有简单句、并列句、复合句三种句子结构,词序比较固定。只要你用心学,一定能学好英语这门语言的,希望我能帮助到你。