❶ 初中英语动词、介词的用法及其固定搭配；初中英语的常用语法
初中英语动词的固定用法和搭配
1. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事
My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework.
2. asked sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)
My father asked me to study hard. He asked me not to swim alone. be asked to do sth. 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事
I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday.
3. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 She is afraid to ask me questions.
4. be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 I am afraid of going out at night.
5. be afraid of sth. 害怕某物 He is afraid of snakes.
6. be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 He was amazed to meet the girl there.
be amazed at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 they were amazed at the news
7. be busy doing/with sth. 忙于做某事 (常考) e.g: I was busy washing my car at that time. 那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。 I am busy with my work.
8. be coming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying(某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来) the bus is coming/the dog is dying.
9. be excited to do sth. 对做……感到兴奋 Jacky was excited to travel there by plane. be excited at sth. Lily was excited at his words. be excited about doing sth. he was excited about passing the exam without going overing books.
10. be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事 Sam is frightened to ride a horse.
11. be glad/happy to do sth. 高兴去做某事 she is happy to clean the
blackboard with me. be pleased to do sth. 高兴做某事 she was pleased to help the old man yesterday be pleased with sth. 对某事感到高兴/满意 the teacher was pleased with my answer.
12. be interested in sth./doing sth. 对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣 she is interested in swimming in the river. My brother is interested in Chinese.
13. be/get ready for/to do sth. Be ready for sth. 为某事做好了准备 We are ready for the exam. Be ready to do sth. 为做某事做好了准备We are ready to have a birthday party for her. get ready for sth.为某事在做准备 We are getting ready for the exam.
get ready for sth. 为做某事而做准备
13. be sorry to do sth. 对做某事感到抱歉
14. be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇 be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇
15. be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 (worth 后接动词-ing形式，常考)
16. begin to do sth. begin/start to do/doing sth.
17. can/be able to afford (to buy) sth. 有能力购买(供)……
18. can/may/must do sth. could/would/should/might do sth.
19. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事
20. decide to do sth. 决定去做某事 make up one’s mind to do sth. 下决心去做某事 (常考) make a decision to do sth. 对做某事作出决定
21. deserve to do sth. 值得/应该做……
22. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人去做某事
23. enjoy doing sth. 乐意去做某事
24. expect (sb.) to do sth. 期望去做某事
25. fail to do sth. 做某事失败 succeed doing sth. 成功做了某事
26. finish doing sth. 做完某事(后接动词-ing形式) (常考)
27. follow sb to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事
28. get sb. to do sth. make sb. do sth. let sb. do sth.
29. get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会
30. give/pass/show/lend/sell sb. sth./ sth. to sb. buy/get/bring sb. sth. / sth. for sb.
31. go on to do sth. 继续做事(常考) go on doing sth. 继续做事(常考)
32. hate to do/doing sth. 讨厌/不喜欢做某事
33. have fun doing sth.
34. have problems doing sth. 做某事遇到困难
35. have sb. do sth. have sth. done have sth. to do 有事要做
36. hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事(后接动词原形，常考) hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事(常见)
37. help to do sth. 帮忙做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
38. hope/wish to do sth. 希望做某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
39. I t seems that 这像是……（后接从句） seem to do sth. seem +adj.
40. It’s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.
It’s + adj. +(of sb.) to do sth e.g: It’s glad for him to hear the news.
41. It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)
42. pay …for… cost spend…on….. it take …to do sth.
43. It’s best for sb to do sth.. 对某人来说做某事是最好的
had better do sth. 最好做某事 (注意had没有时态和人称的变化，better后接动词原形)
44. It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了
45. keep (on)doing sth. 坚持做某事(常考) keep sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事(常考)
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考) keep sb./ sth. +adj. keep the book for 2 days 借这本书两天(不要用borrow或lend)
46. learn to do sth. 学做某事 learn sth. from sb. 向某人学习
47. like to do/doing sth. 喜欢做某事 like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事
48. need to do sth. need doing sth./to be done need sth . needn’t do sth.
49. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿……而不愿……(常考)
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做……胜过做……
e.g: I prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起购物来，我更爱读书。
50. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做……
51. remember/forget to do sth. 记得/忘记做某事 remember/forget doing sth. 记得/忘记做过某事
52. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 (结果)
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事(正在进行中)
be seen to do sth. 做某事被看见
53. something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西 (词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词)
e.g: I need something to eat. 我要一些吃的东西。
54. spend some time (in)doing sth. /on sth. 花费时间做某事(注意动词要用ing形式)(常考)
spend some money on sth./ doing sth. 买……花了多少钱
55. Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do. 做好某事很难/容易
56. stop to do sth. 停下来去某事(两件事) (常考)
stop doing sth. 停止做某事(一件事) (常考)
stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考)
57. take turns to do sth. 轮流做……
58. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人去(不要)做某事 be told to do sth. 被告知不要做某事
59. There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事
60. There is no time (for sb.) to do sth.
have no time to do sth. 没时间做某事
61. too…(for sb.) to …太……以致不能……
so… that… not… enough to do
e.g: The boy is too young to go to school. 那男孩太小了以致不能上学。
62. try/do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事 try to do sth. 试着(图)做某事
63. used to do sth. 过去常做某事( used to be + adj./ a +n)
e.g: Mr. wang used to be a teacher worker. 王先生过去是一位工人。 I used to live in the country. 过去我住在农村
64. want/would like to do sth. 想做…… want/would like sb. to do sth. 想某人做……
feel like doing sth. 喜爱做某事(注意like后接动词ing形式
65. warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事(或不要做某事
66. Why don’t you do sth.? Why not do sth ?
表示建议的句型还有：What How about……? (如果是动词，要用ing形式) Shall we……?
67. Would you like (sb.) to do sth.? Yes, I’d love to.
68. Would you mind doing sth.? 你介意做某事吗？
69. Would you please (not) do sth. 你可不可以不做……？
70. finish doing sth. enjoy doing sth. practise doing sth. be good at doing sth. be good at doing sth. thank you f
or doing sth. stop doing sth. be good at doing sth. give up doing sth mind doing sth stop sb from doing sth go on doing sth be busy doing sth see/hear/watch sb doing sth feel like doing sth hate
doing sth like doing sth do well in doing sth be afraid of doing sth be interested in doing sth make a contribution to sth/doing sth
71. 非延续性动词(终止性动词)
1) buy---have(has)had 2) borrow---have(has)kept 3)
leave---have(has)been away
4) go ---have(has)been away/in… 5) come ---have(has)here/in…
6) die ---have(has)been dead 7) join---have(has)been a member of/in…
8) begin---have(has)on 9) stop---have(has)been over
例如: 他的狗死了3天了.: His dog has been dead for three days. It is three days since his dog died. His dog died three days ago.
72. 感官动词:(主动语态不带to)1.hear/see/watch sb do sth 或 2.
hear/see/watch sb doing sth
1)We often hear him sing the song.
2)I saw him swimming in the river just now.
被动语态带to:
He is often heard to sing the song.
役使动词: (主动语态不带to) make/let sb do sth.
His father often makes him do this and that.
被动语态带to:
He is often made to do this and that by his father.
❷ 初中英语要掌握的 语法，动词固定搭配，介词固定搭配，句型，麻烦好心人帮下，我要整理·
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❸ 求初中英语所有动、名与介词的固定搭配，所有！
初中英语知识总结－－短语、词组和重点句型归纳短语、词组归纳
由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：
一、动词+介词
1．look at…看…，look like … 看上去像……，
look after …照料…
2．listen to…听……
3．welcome to…欢迎到……
4．say hello to …向……问好
5．speak to…对……说话
此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。如：
This is my new bike. Please look it after.(×)
This is my new bike. Please look after it.(√)
二、动词+副词
“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：
A．动词（vt.）+副词
1．put on 穿上 2．take off脱下 3．write down记下
此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。试比较：
First listen to the tape, then write down the answer/write the answer down. (√)
First listen to the answer, then write down it.(×)
First listen to the answer, then write it down.(√)
B．动词（vi）+副词。
1．come on赶快 2．get up起床 3．go home回家 4．come in进来 5．sit down坐下 6．stand up起立
此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。
三、其它类动词词组
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games 10. play games.
介词短语聚焦
“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。
1．in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。如：in English，in the hat
2．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。
3．in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。
4．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。
5．in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。如：There are some in the tree. There are many apples on the trees.
6．in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。如：There’re four windows in the wall, and there is a map on the back wall.
7．at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。
8．at + 时刻表示钟点。如：at six, at half , past ten.
9．like this/that表示方式，意为“像……这/那样”。
10．of短语表示所属关系。如：a picture of a classroom, a map of China.
11．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。如：beside/ near the door, under/ behind the tree.
12．from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从……”，后者意为“到……”。如：from one to ten, (go) to school/ bed/ work.
另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on ty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。
重点句型大回放
1．I think…意为“我认为……”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…，如：I think he’s Mr Zhinag. (L17)I don’t think you are right.
2．give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb. 如：
His parents give him a nice purse./His parents give a nice purse to him. Give it to Mr Hu.(L57)
3．take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”，后常接地点，也可接人。如：
Please take the new books to the classroom.
4．One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……；另一个是……”，必须是两者中。如：One is red and one is grey.(L50)或 One is red,, the other is grey.
5．Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内，如：Let’s go for a walk./Let us try once more, please.
6．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换。如：Let me help you find it.(L42)/Let me help you with it.
7．What about…？/How about…？意为“……怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。如：What/How playing chess?
8．It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。如：It’s time to have supper. =It’s time for supper.
9．like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”，如：Li Lei and his friends like to play in the tree house. (L 43)前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作，试比较：
Tom likes swimming, but doesn’t like to swim this afternoon.
10．ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式，如：
Ask your friends to guess what is in it. (L44)
11．show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。如：
Show your friend your family photo.（L36）/Show your family photo to your friend.
12．introce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”；introce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。如：Introce your family to her.
❹ 初中英语常见单词、固定搭配总结归纳！！
由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：
一、动词+介词
1．look at…看…， look like … 看上去像……， look after …照料…
2．listen to…听……
3．welcome to…欢迎到……
4．say hello to …向……问好
5．speak to…对……说话
此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。
二、动词+副词
“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：
A．动词（vt.）+副词
1．put on 穿上 2．take off脱下 3．write down记下
此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。
B．动词（vi）+副词。
1．come on赶快 2．get up起床 3．go home回家
4．come in进来 5．sit down坐下 6．stand up起立
此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。
三、其它类动词词组
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class
4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper
7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games
10. play games
[介词短语聚焦]
“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。
1．in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。
2．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。
3．in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。
4．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。
5．in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。
6．in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。
7．at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。
8．at + 时刻表示钟点。
9．like this/that表示方式，意为“像……这/那样”。
10．of短语表示所属关系。
11．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。
12．from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从……”，后者意为“到……”。
另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on ty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。
[重点句型大回放]
1．I think…意为“我认为……”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…，
2．give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb.
3．take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”，后常接地点，也可接人。
4．One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……；另一个是……”，必须是两者中。
5．Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内，
6．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换.
7．What about…？/How about…？意为“……怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。
8．It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。
9．like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”， 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作，
10．ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式，
11．show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。
12．introce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”；introce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。
[重点短语快速复习]
1.kinds of 各种各样的
2. either…or…或者……或者……，不是……就是……
3. neither…nor…既不……也不……
4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶
5. take a seat 就坐
6. home cooking 家常做法
7. be famous for 因……而著名
8. on ones'way to在……途中
9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院
10. at the end of在……的尽头，在……的末尾
11. wait for 等待
12. in time 及时
13. make one’s way to…往……（艰难地）走去
14. just then 正在那时
15. first of all 首先，第一
16. go wrong 走错路
17. be/get lost 迷路
18. make a noise 吵闹，喧哗
19. get on 上车
20. get off 下车
21. stand in line 站队
22. waiting room 候诊室，候车室
23. at the head of……在……的前头
24. laugh at 嘲笑
25. throw about 乱丢，抛散
26. in fact 实际上
27. at midnight 在半夜
28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快
29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架
30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温
31. have/get a pain in…某处疼痛
32. have a headache 头痛
33. as soon as… 一……就……
34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事
35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事
36. fall asleep 入睡
37. again and again再三地，反复地
38. wake up 醒来，叫醒
39. instead of 代替
40. look over 检查
41. take exercise运动
42. had better(not) do sth. 最好（不要）干某事
43. at the weekend 在周末
44. on time 按时
45. out of从……向外
46. all by oneself 独立，单独
47. lots of=a lot of 许多
48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再
49. get back 回来，取回
50. sooner or later迟早
51. run away 逃跑
52. eat up 吃光，吃完
53. run after 追赶
54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物
55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) （好好）照顾，照料
56. think of 考虑到，想起
57. keep a diary 坚持写日记
58. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下
59. harder and harder 越来越厉害
60. turn on打开（电灯、收音机、煤气等）
61. turn off 关
[重温重点句型]
1．So + be／助动词／情牵动词／主语．
前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用到这种倒装结构，表示“另一人（物）也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用“Neither/ Nor + be／助动词／情态动词+主语．”这种倒装结构。
注意：“So+主语+be／助动词／情态动词．”这一句型常用于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的看法，表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”
2．Turn right／left at the first／second／…crossing.
这一指路的句型意为“在第一／二／……个十字路口向右／左拐。”相当于Take the first ／second／…turning on theright／left.
3．It takes sb．some time to do sth．
此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的主语.
4．…think／find + it + adj. + to do sth.
此句型中的it是形式宾语，不可用其它代词替代，形容词作宾语的补足语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的宾语。
5．What’s wrong with…？
此句型相当于What’s the matter/ trouble with…？后跟某物作宾语时，意为“某物出什么毛病了？”后跟某人作宾语时，意为“某人怎么了？”
6．too…to…
在so…that…复合句中，that后的句子是否定句时，常与简单句too…to…（太……而不能……）进行句型转换。
在so…that…复合句中，that后的句子是肯定句时，常与简单句…enough to…进行句型转换.
7．Sorry to hear that.
全句应为I’m sorry to hear that. 意为“听到此事我很难过（遗憾）。”常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。
[重点句型、词组大盘点]
1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。
[用法] used to + 动词原形，表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态，含有现在不再如此之意。
[搭配] used to do的否定式可以是usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do.
[比较] used to do sth. 过去常做某事；be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事；be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。
2.…return it sooner or later.
……迟早要将它归还。
[用法] l)sooner or later意为“迟早”、“早晚”。
2)return此处用作及物动词，意为“归还”，相当于give back.
[拓展]return还可用作不及物动词，意为“返回”，相当于go back或come back。
3.No matter what the weather is like…无论天气……
[用法]no matter what 相当于whatever，其意为“无论什么”，引导状语从句。
[拓展]类似no matter what的表达方式还有：
no matter when无论什么时候
nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;no matter where无论什么地方
no matter who无论谁
no matter how 无论怎么样
4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green.
一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。
[用法]practise doing sth. 表示“实践、练习（做）某事”。
[拓展]practice名词，“实践”、“实施”、“练习”；put a plan into practice实行某计划。
5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.
他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。
[用法]1)encourage用作动词，意思是“鼓励”、“支持”。
2)take part in“参加”，常表示参加活动。
3)protect 是动词，表示“防御”、“保护”。
[搭配]1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人
nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人干某事
2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害
6. …to warn people about sharks in the water. ……警告人们当心水里的鲨鱼。
[用法] warn用作动词，意思是“警告”、“警戒”。
[搭配]1)warn sb.+ that从句
2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
3)warn sb. to do sth.告诫某人做某事
4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事
望采纳！
❺ 初中英语语法的固定搭配总结
一. 词汇
⑴ 单词
1. 介词：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of
1). in表示"在……中"， "在……内"。例如：
in our class 在我们班上
in my bag 在我的书包里
in the desk 在桌子里
in the classroom 在教室里
2). on 表示"在……上"。例如：
on the wall 在墙上
on the desk 在桌子上
on the blackboard 在黑板上
3). under表示"在……下"。例如：
under the tree 在树下
under the chair 在椅子下
under the bed 在床下
4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如：
behind the door 在门后
behind the tree 在树后
5). near表示"在……附近"。例如：
near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近
near the bed 在床附近
6). at表示"在……处"。例如：
at school 在学校
at home 在家
at the door 在门口
7). of 表示"……的"。例如：
a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画
a map of China 一张中国地图
2. 冠词 a / an / the:
冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple.
a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。
This is a cat.
这是一只猫。
It's an English book.
这是一本英语书。
His father is a worker.
他的爸爸是个工人。
the既可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。
Who's the boy in the hat?
戴帽子的男孩是谁呀？
------ What can you see in the classroom?
------ I can see a bag.
------ Where's the bag?
------ It's on the desk.
------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀？
------ 我能看见一个书包。
------ 书包在哪呀？
------ 在桌子上。
3.some和any
①在肯定句中用some.例如：
There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。
Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。
②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如：
Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗？
Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗？
There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。
⑵记住它们的特殊用法。
①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中，这一点我们不久就会学到。例如：
Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗？
②any也可用于肯定句中，表示"任何的"。例如：
Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。
some 和any的用法是经常出现的考点，希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。
4.family
family看作为一个整体时，意思是"家庭"，后面的谓语动词be用单数形式 is ；如把family看作为家庭成员时，应理解为复数，后面的谓语动词be应用are。
My family is a big family. 我的家庭是个大家庭。
My family are all at home now. 我的家人现在都在家。
Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。 house指"家"、"房屋"，侧重居住的建筑本身。
His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。
My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。
He isn't at home now. 他现在不在家。
It's a picture of my family. 这是一张我全家的照片。
5. little的用法
a little dog 一只小狗，a little boy 一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。
*但little还可表示否定意义，意为"少的"，加不可数名词。
There is little time. 几乎没时间了。
There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。
⑵ 词组
on the desk 在桌子上
behind the chair 在椅子后
under the chair 在椅子下面
in her pencil-box 在她的铅笔盒中
near the door 在门附近
a picture of a classroom 一个教室的图片
look at the picture 看这张图片
the teacher's desk 讲桌
a map of China 一张中国地图
family tree 家谱
have a seat 坐下，就坐
this way 这边走
二. 日常用语
1. Come and meet my family.
2. Go and see. I think it's Li Lei.
3. Glad to meet you.
4. What can you see in the picture?
I can see a clock / some books.
5. Can you see an orange?
Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
6. Where's Shenzhen?
It's near Hong Kong.
7. Let me see.（口语）让我想想看。
see 在这是"明白、懂了"，不可译作"看见"。例如：
8. Please have a seat.
seat表示"座位"，是个名词。have a seat表示"就坐"，也可以说take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。
三. 语法
1. 名词所有格
名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形式，意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式：
（1）. 一般情况下在词尾加"'s"。例如：
Kate's father Kate的爸爸
my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友
（2）. 如果复数名词以s结尾，只加"'"。例如：
Teachers' Day 教师节
The boys' game 男孩们的游戏
（3）. 如果复数名词不以s结尾，仍加"'s"。例如：
Children's Day 儿童节
Women's Day 妇女节
（4）. 表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如：
Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房间
Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸
动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"'s"，而常常用介词of的短语来表示。
a map of China 一幅中国地图
the name of her cat 她的猫的名字
a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片
the door of the bedroom 卧室的门
2. 祈使句
祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语，读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌，常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾时，please前多用逗号。
（1）. 祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。
Go and see. 去看看。
Come in, please. 请进。
（2）. 祈使句的否定形式常用don't于句首。
Don't look at your books. 不要看书。
Don't play on the road. 不要在马路上玩。
3. There be 的句子结构
There be是一个"存在"句型，表示"有"的意思，
肯定句的形式为：There be + 名词（单数或复数）+地点状语或时间状语。
be动词单复数的确定，看be后边第一个名词，当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时，be动词形式为is；当所接主语为复数名词时，be动词为are；当be动词后接两个以上主语时，be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为"某地有某人或某物"。如：
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。
（1）there be的否定句，即在be的后面加上not。
否定形式为：There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。
There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。
There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。
（2）there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首：Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语？肯定回答：Yes, there is / are. 否定回答：No, there isn't / aren't.
---Is there a dog in the picture? 画上有一只狗吗？
---Yes, there is. 有。
---Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船吗？
---No, there aren't. 没有。
（3）特殊疑问句：How many . . . are there (+地点状语)？"某地有多少人或物？"回答用There be . . .
There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .
有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . .
---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生？
---There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。
（4）如果名词是不可数名词，用：How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语？
How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水？
How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物？
我看了这个以后，英语考了96
❻ 高中阶段所有英语介词短语及动词固定搭配
高中英语介词短语/动词短语汇编
一．相近介词和介词短语
1. With the help of 在～～帮助下
under the leadership / care of 在～～领导／关心下
2. be strict with sb. 对～人要求严格
be strict in sth. 对～事要求严格
3. at present=at the present time 目前
for the present 暂时
4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下
under the sun 在世界上
5. lie in 位于～～之内
lie on 同～～接壤
lie to 位于～～之外
6. at least 至少
in the least 丝毫，一点
7. by name 名叫
in the name of 以～～名义
8. in the air 空中，在流传
on the air 播出
9. in the way 挡路，障碍，用～～方法
in a way 在某点上，在某种程度上
get one’s own way to do 随心所欲
give way 让步，屈服
lose one’s way 迷路
by the way 顺便说一下
on one’s way to 在去～～的路上
Come this way 这边走
10. at the corner 在拐角处（外角）
in the corner 在角落里（内角）
on the corner 在角落上（外角上）
11. judge by / from 根据～～来判断
judge for oneself 由某人自己来判断
12. at the end (of) 在～～结束时
at the beginning of 在～～开始时
at the back of 在～～背后，支持
at the age of ～～岁时
at the foot of 在～～脚下
at the bottom of 在～～底部
at the top of 在～～顶上
at/on the edge of 在～～边上
13. in the course of 在～～过程中
in the eyes of 从～～观点看来，在～～眼里
in the face of 面对～～，尽管，纵使
in the middle of 在～～中间
in the end =at last=finally 最后
14. on the eve of 在～～前夕
on the side of 在～～一边
15. after a time = after some time 过一段时间后
for a time = for some time 一时，有一段时间
16. behind time 迟到，过期
behind the times 落在时代后面
17. at no time 决不
in no time 立即，马上
18. at one time = once time 曾经
at a time = each time 每次
at times = sometimes 有时
at all times 经常，一直，始终
at the same time 同时
at the time 在～～的时候
by the time 到～～的时候
19. for a moment 一会儿
for the moment 暂时
at the moment 当时
the moment /minute /instance 正当～～一刹那
20. once or twice 一两次
more than once 不止一次
once more 重新，又
once upon a time 从前
once in a while 偶尔
二．归类记忆
1. be on show / display / play / sale / strike / ty / trial
2. be of value / importance / use / no use / color / age / size / height / weight / significance
3. to one’s joy / surprise / pleasure / astonishment / sorrow / delight
4. in surprise / wonder / alarm / terror / horror / delight
5. by air / bicycle / boat / bus / car / letter / post / plane / telephone / train / wire
6. at daybreak / sunrise / dawn / noon/ dark / night
7. out of breath / control / question / sight
8. in fact / reality / substance / nature / practice / theory / short / brief / a word / detail / all / average / full / time / fashion / existence / turn / vain / haste / appearance / common / sum/
general / particular / public / secret / order / part / power / stock / case / bed / future / name / addition / sight
9. on ty / shift / holiday / leave / business / purpose / time / sale / show / board / hand / record / request / root / earth / farm / principle
10. for example / instance / all / good / nothing / convenience / short / fear / sale
11. by weight ( volume size number~~ ) / profession / definition / rule / turn / chance/ accident/
mistake / hand / train ( bus ,taxi ,ship ,boat ~~) / air / land / force / day / nature / sight
12. at most / least / best / worst / once / first / last / home / school / will ( at will:任意) / work /
night / midnight / daybreak / dawn / present / length / large
13. as above / below / following / over / usual / before / a matter of fact
14. above all / measure / normal
15. before all / long / time / now / then
16. after all / class / school
17. out of action / order / condition / use / operation / step / joint / repair/ gear / balance / range/
doubt / date / danger / hand / shape / place / question / stock /
18. with caution / interest / difficulty / ease / advantage / effect / reason / vigor / reserve / success / confidence
19. beyond comprehension / conception / description / expression / doubt / control / reach / power / measure / grasp / compare / controversy / dispute / hope / example
20. under age / discussion / test / way / repair
三．组合记忆
（1）由两个词组成的复合介词．
1. 以of结尾
ahead of , aside of , because of , east of , west of , instead of , short of , lack of , regardless of
2. 以to结尾
according to , as to , counter to , e to , owing to , next to , previous to , prior to , apostle to ,
relative to , subject to , subsequent to , on to , thanks to
3. 以with结尾
along with , together with
4. 以for结尾
as for , but for , except for , save for
5. 以from结尾
from above , from below , from among , from between , from beneath , from behind ,
from over
（2）由三个词组成的复合介词．
1. 以in开头
in addition to , in advance of , in agreement with , in case of , in charge of , in comparison with
in consequence of , in consideration of , in (the) course of , in contrast with , in the face of ,
in favor of , in front of , in honor of , in (the) light of , in the middle of , in the name of ,
in need of , in obedience to , in opposition to , in place of , in preference to , in (the) process of
in regard to , in reply to , in respect of
2. 以by开头
by means of , by order of , by reason of , by virtue of , by way of
3. 以at开头
at the beginning of , at the cost of , at the end of , at the hands of , at mercy of , at the point of ,
at the risk of
4. 以with开头
with an eye to , with the exception of , with the purpose of , with reference to , with regard to,
with respect to , with a view to , with the view of
5. 以for开头
for the benefit of , for fear of , for lack of , for the good of , for the sake of
6. 以under开头
under cover of , under pain of , under the present of
7. 以on开头
on account of , on behalf of , on the occasion of , on the part of , on the point of , on top of
四．省略介词，意义不变
1. I will share (in) the pleasure with him.
2. I spent two hours (in) reading the article.
3. I’ll write (to) you a letter.
4. He plays (on) the piano every evening.
5. Smith has traveled (through) China.
6. They are fighting (against) their enemy.
7. Please fill (in) the blanks in the following.
8. The houses face (to/on) the south.
9. She scolded (at) her child yesterday.
10. It is (of) no use talking.
11. There is no use (in) talking.
12. We couldn’t prevent them (from) getting married.
13. He is busy (in) preparing for the exam.
14. I have studied English (for) ten years.
15. This shirt doesn’t fit (for) me.
16. I want a place to live (in) .
17. You ought to break (off) this habit.
18. She always share (in) my troubles as well as (in ) my jobs.
五．动词词组及短语
1. 以break为中心的词组
break away from 脱离，逃离
break down 破坏，粉碎；瓦解；出故障，抛锚
break in 闯进，打断；使顺服
break into 闯入；强行进入；突然开始
break out 爆发，发生；准备使用；起锚
break the law 违反法律
break the record 破记录
break one’s promise 失言
break up 开垦，破碎；解散，分开，分解
2. 以catch为中心的词组
be caught doing 被发现做某事
be caught in the rain 淋雨
catch a bus/train 赶汽车/火车
catch a cold 伤风，感冒
catch one’s word 听懂某人的话
catch sight of 发现，瞥见
catch up with 赶上，追及，追上
3. 以come为中心的词组
come across 偶尔发现，想起；越过；偿付
come along 一道来，陪伴；进步，进展；出现
come at 达到，求得，得到；扑向，袭击
come back 回来；恢复，复原
come down 倒下；降落；跌落；病倒
come from 来自，起源于，从~~产生，生于
come in 进来，进入；流行起来；获名次
come into being 发生，产生，出现，形成
come into power 开始执政，当权，当选
come into use 开始使用，获得应用
come on 上演；开始；赶快；发展；登台；（问题）被提出
come out 出来，传出；出版；结果是；褪色；（秘密）泄露
come to 苏醒，复原；共计；达到；归结于
come to an end 终止，结束
come to know 开始了解到
come true 实现，成为现实；证实
come up 走近；上楼；长出，发芽
4. 以do为中心的词组
be done in 精疲力竭
be done with 完全结束
do a good deed 做一件好事
do away with 去掉，废除；弄死；浪费
do good to (=do sb. good) 有益于
do harm to (=do sb. good) 有害于
do its work 有效，有作用
do much 极有用
do wrong to 做错
do one’s best 尽某人最大努力
do one’s homework 做作业
do one’s utmost 尽力而为
do proud 足以使~~骄傲
do sb. justice 公平对待某人
do some cleaning (V+ing,etc.) 搞卫生
do sb. a favor 帮助某人
do well in 学得不错，干得漂亮
do with 和~~相处，忍受，处理
do without 不需要，不用
do wonders 创造奇迹
have much to do with 和~~很有关系
have nothing to do with 与~~无关
have something to do with 和~~有关
in doing so=in so doing 这时，在这种情况下
That will do. 行了；够了
5. 以get为中心的词组
get about 徘徊，走动，旅行；流传
get above oneself 自视高傲
get accustomed to 习惯于，对~~习以为常
get across 度过，通过，横过；说服，使理解
get ahead of 胜过，超过
get along 前进，进步；同意；离去
get along with 与~~相处
get at 发现，了解；掌握；攻击
get away 离开，逃脱
get back 取回，回来；报复
get behind 落后；识破
get down 咽下；写下；使沮丧，使抑郁
get down to 认真对待，静下心来
get familiar with 熟悉
get hold of 获得，取得
get home 到家
get in 进入，陷入；牵涉
get off 送走；脱下（衣服）；下车；动身
get on 上车；穿上；进步，使前进；成功；相处
get upon with 进步；在~~方面获得成功
get one’s hand in 熟悉；习惯
get out of 由~~出来，从~~得出；避免；退休
get over 越过；恢复，痊愈；克服；完成
get ready for 为~~作准备
get rid of 除去，去掉；免除，摆脱
get through 到达，完成，通过；及格
get together 积聚，积累；商谈，取得一致意见
get up 起床，起立；研究，钻研；致力于；安排，组织
get used to 习惯于
have got to do 不得不，必须
6. 以give为中心的词组
be given to 沉溺于，癖好
give about 分配；传播
give and take 相互迁就
give away 赠送；牺牲；泄露；颁发
give back 归还
give cause 给予~~的理由
give ear to 侧耳倾听
give forth 发出，放出；发表
give in 屈服，让步，投降
give in to 同意，接受；向~~让步
give off 发出（烟，气味）
give oneself out to be/as 自称为
give oneself up to 专心于；向~~自首
give out 分发，公布
give place to 让位于，被~~所替代
give rise to 引起，导致；使~~发生
give sb. to understand 通知某人
give up 放弃；停止
give way to 让步，退却；屈服于
7. 以look为中心的词组
look about 四下环顾；查看
look after 照顾，看管
look around 东张西望
look at 注视，着眼于
look back 回顾
look for 寻找；期待，期望
look down on 俯视；轻视
look forward to 盼望，期待
look into 窥视；调查；浏览
look like 看起来象
look on 旁观；面向
look out 向外看；注意；当心，堤防
look over 从上面看过去；检查
look through 透过~~看去；看穿；浏览
look up to 仰望，尊敬
8. 以make为中心的词组
be made from 由~~原料制成
be made of 由~~材料制成
be made up of 由~~组成
make a fool of 愚弄，欺骗
make a mistake 弄错
make a point of doing 强调；认为~~重要；决心，坚持
make advantages/use of 使用，利用
make after 追求，追赶
make believe 假装
make certain 确信，把~~弄清楚
make contact with 接通，与~~接触，与~~联系
make for 去向，向~~前进；有利于
make friends with 和~~交友
make into 把~~制成，使~~转变为
make much of 重视；理解；赏识
make one’s mind on sth. 决定某事
make one’s own 当作自己的看待
make oneself at home 随便，别拘束
make out 填写；开支票；理解；辨认
make the best of 尽量利用；极为重视
make up 弥补，修理；赔偿，补偿；起草；编造；化装
make up to 接近，巴结；向~~求爱
make way for 为~~让路，让路于
on the make 急求成功；增加
9. 以put为中心的词组
put aside 把~~放在一边；搁置；排除
put away 把~~放好，把~~收拾；储藏；吃喝，吃掉
put back 把~~放回原处；驳回
put down 放下；镇压；制止；记下；削减；降落
put forward 提出；拨快；建议，推荐；提倡，倡议
put ~~ into 把~~放入；插入；翻译成
put off 推迟，延期；消除；推脱，推辞
put on 上演；穿上，带上
put one’s heart into 全神贯注，专心致志
put up 举起，挂起；提名，推荐；陈列
put up with 忍受，容忍
10. 以take为中心的词组
be taken aback 吃惊
take a seat 就坐
take a shower 淋浴，洗澡
take aim 瞄准，设立目标
take away 拿走，减去；夺去
take ~~ by surprise 出奇制胜
take care of 当心，注意；照顾；提防；谨慎；处理，对付；负责
take ~~ for 把~~当作
take off 脱去，除去；离开；起飞；模仿；起程；致死；复制，作副本；减弱
take office 就职，上任
take one’s place 就坐，入坐
take one’s temperature 量体温
take part in 参与，参加
take place = happen 发生，举行
take the place of 代替
take pride in 以~~为荣，对~~骄傲
take sb. by the arm 拉某人的胳膊
take it easy 别着急，慢慢来
11. 以turn为中心的词组
give a new turn to 对~~予以新的看法
in one’s turn 轮到某人做某事
out of turn 不按次序的，不合适宜的
take one’s turn to do 轮到做
turn a blind eye to 对~~视而不见
turn against 背叛，采取敌对态度
turn back 折回，往回走
turn down 折叠，翻下，驳回，拒绝考虑
turn into 走进；变成，变为
turn to ~~for help 求助于
turn off 关上（自来水，电器开关）；解雇，辞退；避开（问题）；制造；生产
turn on 打开（自来水，电器开关）；反对；依靠，依赖，取决于
turn one’s attention to 把注意力转向
turn out 培养；证明是；制成；实际情况是
turn out to be 原来是，证明是，结果是
turn over a new leaf 翻开新的一页，重新开始，改过自新
turn (a)round 旋转，转过身来；改变意见；采取新政策
turn to 变成；着手于
turn upside down 颠倒过来，翻过来；使陷入混乱
❼ 中考英语中常用的介词短语搭配大全
十组近五年中考英语常考介词短语
一、at 短语
be angry at sth. 对某事生气
arrive at 到达……(小地方)
knock at/on 敲……
at last 最后，终于
laugh at 嘲笑
look at 看，注视
at the moment 现在，此时
point at/to 指向
at times 不时
二、after 短语
look after 照看，照顾
name after 以……的名字命名
run after 追赶;追求
三、on 短语
agree>
call>
come>
on display 在展出
hang>
on holiday 度假，休假
play a joke>
keep>
live>
put>
turn>
work>
四、to 短语
agree to 同意，答应，接受（计划、建议、条件、安排等）
go to bed 上床睡觉
compare...to... 把……与……作比较
from...to... 从……到……
get to 到达
do harm to 对……有害处
lead to 通往；导致
pay attention to 注意
take...to... 把……带到/给……
write to... 写信给……
五、in 短语
arrive in 到达……（大地方）
in danger 在危险中
drop in 顺便拜访
hand in 交上，上交
join in 参加
in a moment 马上，立即
take part in 参加
take pride in 以……为荣
in surprise 吃惊地，惊讶地
六、of 短语
be afraid of 害怕
take care of 照顾；处理
make fun of 嘲笑……
instead of 代替；而不是
hear of 听说……
speak of 谈到，提起
think of考虑；想出；认为
七、about 短语
care about 担心；关心
be worried about 担心
think about 考虑
八、for 短语
call for 需要，要求；提倡，号召
care for 关怀，照顾
except for 除了……之外
fight for 为……而战
leave for... 前往……，去……
look for 寻找
for a moment 一会儿
pay for sth. 为……付款
send for 派人去请
九、away 短语
give away 分发；赠送
put away 收好，放好
take away 拿走，带走
throw away 扔掉?
十、out 短语
break out （火灾、战争等)突然发生，爆发
out of breath 上气不接下气
find out 发现
give out 分发
go out 出去
make out 理解，明白
point out 指出
run out 用完
sell out 卖完
send out 发出
set out 动身，出发；开始，着手
take out 取出，拿出
turn out 证明是，结果是
work out 算出；解决