⑴ 英语语法包含哪些
英语语法就是英语的会话时的说话表达方法，它主要包含了英语中语态，时态，语气，格式等多种句子成份，学好英语语法必须对英语语法的规则进行熟记，进而更好的加以运用，英语语法才会记得更牢否则，就会感到混淆的
⑵ 英语语法——动词
后接to do 和doing的动词归纳 A. 跟不定式（to do）作宾语的动词： want, wish, hope, manage, pretend, decide, learn, agree, expect, demand, long, ask, care, choose, dare, fail, offer, plan, prepare, promise, refuse, desire, happen, appear, intend, would like to, be said to, B. 跟动名词(doing)作宾语的动词： suggest, admit, finish, avoid, mind, enjoy, delay, practice, excuse sb. for, advice, consider, escape, miss, risk, dislike, imagine, permit, require(表被动), appreciate(感激)，understand, insist on, look forward to, get down to, devote oneself to, prefer…to… object to (反对), put off, apologize to sb. for, give up, forgive sb. for, be worth, be fond of, be good at, be slow in, be active in, be afraid of, be tired of, be busy, succeed in, prevent/stop/keep sb. from, spend time (in), have difficult/trouble in, It’s no use/good, be pround of, instead of. C. 跟动名词(doing)和动词不定式（to do）均可的词，含义无区别： start, begin, continue, prefer, like, love, hate, 后跟to do 表具体和特定的动作， 后跟 doing 表泛指的动作 D. 跟动名词(doing)动词不定式（to do）均可的词，含义区别较大： 1. stop to do 2. mean to do 3. try to do 4. agree to do stop doing mean doing try doing agree to sb doing 5. be afraid to do 6. remember to do 7. forget to do 8. allow/permit/advise sb. to do be afraid of doing remember doing forget doing allow/permit/advise doing 9. regret to do 10. want to do 11. need to do 12. go on to do regret doing want doing (表被动) need(表被动) go on doing 13. can’t help to do 14. forbid sb. to do=forbid sb’s doing can’t help doing forbid doing 5.感官动词 + doing/to do 感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作） 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。 典型例题 1）They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow 答案：A。因题意为，他们看着她长大，因此强调的是成长的过程，而非正在长的动作，因此用see sb do sth 的句型。 2）The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 答案A. 本题强调其动作，正在河边玩，应此用see sb. doing sth句型
⑶ 关于英语语法 verb+ing 和+ed。 作为形容词的时候这2个怎么用得更准确
这个问题是现在分词和过去分词区别的一部分。使-ing分词作定语时，表示事物的性质或专特征；使动词的过去分词作属定语时，表示人的心理状态。
并且V-ing表示主动关系或特性，v-ed 常表示被动关系或表示主语处于某种状态。通常情况下现在分词意为“令人……的”， 过去分词表示“感到……”.
⑷ 英语语法专用术语缩写一览表
语法 Grammar
结构 structure 句子 sentence 从句 clause 词组 phrase
词性 part of speech 单词 word
名词 Noun
专有名词 proper noun 普通名词 common noun 可数名词 countable noun
不可数名词 uncountable noun 抽象名词 abstract noun 具体名词 concrete noun 物质名词 material noun 集体名词 collective noun 个体名词indivial noun 介词 preposition 连词 conjunction
动词 Verb
及物动词 transitive verb 不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词 link verb
助动词 auxiliary verb 情态动词 modal verb 实义动词 notional verb
规则动词 regular verb
不规则动词 irregular verb 使役动词 causative verb 感官动词 verb of senses 动态动词 event verb 静态动词 state verb 感叹词 exclamation 形容词 adjective
副词 Adverb
疑问副词 interrogative adverb 关系副词 relative adverb
代词 Pronoun
人称代词 personal pronoun 物主代词 possessive pronoun 反身代词 reflexive pronoun 相互代词 reciprocal pronoun
指示代词 demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词 interrogative pronoun 关系代词 relative pronoun 不定代词 indefinite pronoun 物主代词 possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词
nominal possessive pronoun 形容词性物主代词
adjectival possessive pronoun
冠词 Article
定冠词 definite article 不定冠词 indefinite article
数词 Numeral
基数词 cardinal numeral 序数词 ordinal numeral 分数词 fractional numeral 形式 form
单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form 原形 base form
句子成分
Members of sentences
基本句型 basic sentence pattern 主语 subject 谓语 predicate
宾语 object
复合宾语 complex object 同源宾语 cognate object 补语 complement
宾补 object complement 表语 predicative 定语 attribute 同位语 appositive 状语 adverbial
句子 Sentence
简单句 simple sentence 并列句 compound sentence 复合句 complex sentence 并列复合句
compound complex sentence 陈述句 declarative sentence 疑问句 interrogative sentence 一般疑问句 general question 特殊疑问句 special question 选择疑问句 alternative question 反义疑问句 disjunctive question 存在句 existential sentence 肯定句 positive sentence 否定句 negative sentence 祈使句 imperative sentence 省略句 elliptical sentence
感叹句 exclamatory sentence
从句 Clause
从属句 subordinate clause 并列句 coordinate clause 名词从句 nominal clause 定语从句 attributive clause 状语从句 adverbial clause 宾语从句 object clause 主语从句 subject clause 同位语从句 appositive clause 真实条件状语从句
adverbial clause of real condition 非真实条件状语从句
adverbial clause of unreal condition
句法关系
句法Syntactic relationship
并列coordinate 从属 subordination
修饰 modification
前置修饰 pre-modification 后置修饰 post-modification 限制 restriction
双重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restriction
数 Number
单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form 规则形式 regular form 不规则形式 irregular form
格 case
所有格 possessive case 主格 nominative case 宾格 objective case
人称 person
第一人称 first person 第二人称 second person 第三人称 third person
时态 Tense
过去将来时 past future tense 一般现在时 present simple tense 一般过去时 past simple tense 一般将来时 future simple tense 现在完成时 past perfect tense 过去完成时 present perfect tense 现在进行时
present continuous tense
过去进行时 past continuous tense 将来进行时 future continuous tense
语态 Voice
主动语态 active voice 被动语态 passive voice
语气 Mood
陈述语气 indicative mood 祈使语气 imperative mood 虚拟语气 subjunctive mood
否定Negation
否定范围 scope of negation 全部否定 full negation 局部否 partial negation 转移否定 shift of negation
⑸ 英语语法动词
saying谓语动词是spit 现在分词作伴随状语表示主动.。
用过去分词表示被动