❶ 求大神解答英语语法倒装结构
你好,你的这两个句子都是可以的,只不过that引导的是同位语从句。
which引导内的是定于从句,用来修饰容drawing并在句中作介词in的宾语,当which和whom在定于从句中作介词的宾语可以将介词提到whom和which的前面,但是that不行。
❷ 英语语法倒装结构中的全倒装和半倒装有什么区别能举一个例子吗谢谢
有很大的区别,比如说,表否定含义的词位于句首,要半倒装,介词短语位于句首就要全部倒装。
❸ 英语语法的倒装句结构是怎样的
英语句子表达的基本语序是“主语+谓语”。但在实际应用中,因语法结构的需要,或是为了强调,常把谓语移到主语之前,称为倒装。
英语的倒装结构有两种,其中较为常见的是部分倒装,即谓语的一部分移到主语之前。
如:Only when the war was over could he begin to work again.
只有在战争结束后他才能够重新开始工作。
另一种倒装是完全倒装结构,即把谓语的全部都移到主语之前。如:
1.Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。
2.“But what the child said is true.” said the father.“可是孩子的话是对的。”父亲说。
下面详细归纳几种常用的倒装结构。
一、几种常见的部分倒装结构:
1.Only+状语或者状语从句放在句首。如:
Only in this way can we improve our English.只有这样,我们才能提高英语水平。
Only after you left did l find this bag.只是在你离开以后我才发现这只提包。
2.含否定意义并修饰全句的词放在句首。如:not,little, hardly, scarcely, no more, no longer, in no way, never, seldom, not only, no sooner等等。如:
1)Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班。
2)Never shall I forget it. 我永远不会忘记这件事。
3)No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我刚一到家,天就开始下雨。
3.So放在句首,跟在一个肯定句之后,表示前面所述内容也适用于另一人或物。如:
1)l like travelling.So does he.我喜欢旅行,他也喜欢。
2)Her father is a doctor.So is her mother.她父亲是位医生,她母亲也是。
3)He has been to Beijing twice.So have I.他去过北京两次,我也去过两次。
4.Neither,nor或no more放在句首,作“也不”讲,跟在一个否定句之后,表示前面所述内容也适用于另一人或物。例如:
1)My teacher didn't agree with him.Nor did I.老师不同意他的意见,我也不同意。
2)I'm not interested in maths.Neither is he.我对数学不感兴趣,他也同样。
注:当前面陈述句有两个以上不同类型的谓语动词时,如be,do或can等等,或者既有肯定式又有否定式时,如have和hasn't等等,不能单独使用so或者neither/nor,而应换用另外的句型结构:
A:So it is with…;
B:It is the same with…。请见例句:
1)—I like chicken, but I don't like fish. ——我喜欢吃鸡肉,但不喜欢吃鱼。
—So it is with me. ——我也如此。
2)Tom is an American,but lives in China,it is the same with Jack.
汤姆是美国人,但他住在中国。杰克也如此。
5.副词often,短语many a time,或者so修饰形容词或副词、位于句首时。例如:
1) So badly was he injured in the accident that he was sent to the hospital for treatment.
在这次事故中他伤得很重,被送进医院治疗。
2)So hard does he work that he has no time to spare for travelling.
他那么努力工作,抽不出时间去旅行。
6.虚拟条件句省略if时,将were,should或had移到主语之前。如:
1)Should it rain,all the crops would be saved.若是下雨的话,庄稼就都得救了。
2)Were my teacher here,he would give some good advice.
我的老师如果在这儿,他会提些好建议的。
3)Hadn't it been for his help,we wouldn't have finished the work in time.
若非有他帮忙,我们就不能及时完成工作。
7.以May…或Long live…开头的某些表示祝愿的用语。如:
1)May God bless you.愿上帝保佑你!
2)May you succeed!祝你成功!
3)Long live the people's Republic of China!
8.由as though引导的表示“虽然”,“尽管”的让步状语从句用倒装语序时,把从句的表语或状语等放在as/though的前面。例如:
1) Young as/though she was, she could work out that problem alone.
虽然她很小,但她却能独自解出那道难题。
2)Child as/though he is, he is very brave.尽管他是个孩子,但他却非常勇敢。
注意:如果从句中的表语是名词,其名词前不加任何冠词。
二、几种常见的完全倒装结构
1.there be句型:有时该句型中也可用其他表示存在意义的动词代替be。如:live,remain,come,stand,go,lie,exist等等。
1)There is a lamp and two cups on the table.桌上有一盏灯和两只杯子。
2)There used to be a shop around the corner.拐角处过去有一家商店。
3)Once upon a time there lived six blind men in a village in India.
从前在印度的一个村子里住着六位盲人。
2.主语必须是名词由here,there now, then等词开头的句子。如:
1)Here are some interesting stories for you to read这儿有些有趣的故事给你读。
2)There goes the bell.铃声响了。
3.表示方位的介词、副词放在句首。如:out,in,up,down,away等词。但应注意:句子的主语应是名词,若主语是代词,则不能倒装。如:
1)Out rushed the soldiers. 战士们冲了出去。
2)Away went the boy. 那男孩走开了。
请比较:
3)Away he went.他走开了。
4)Here he comes.他来了。
4.为了保持句子平衡,强调表语和状语,使句子上下紧密衔接。如:
1)At the entrance of the valley stood an old pine tree.
在峡谷的入口处耸立着一棵古老的松柏。
2)Round the corner came a motorcycle. 一辆摩托车从拐角处转了过来。
5.直接引语位于句首。如:
1)“I love you ,”whispered John. “我爱你。”约翰悄悄地说道。
2)“Help!Help!”cried the boy in the water. 水中的男孩大声呼喊着“救命啊!”
倒装结构是语言的一种表达形式,除了上述各种情况需要倒装以外,还有些被强调部分也常常可以提到句首,形成倒装。例如:
This they kept for themselves.这东西他们就据为己有了。
因此,如果正确使用倒装结构,可以使语言表达平地生辉。参考资料:http://www.ae.cn/AE_NewsPublish/Show.asp?id=19020 赞同53
❹ 英语的“全倒装”语法是怎样的结构形式
全倒装来:
状语+谓语+主语(这是强调自用的)
全倒装是不用助动词的。
全倒装条件:
1.
主语是名词;
2.谓语时态一般是一般现在时或一般过去时(现在也偶尔有现在进行时的)
3.
谓语是不及物动词
如:
In
came
a
new
teacher.
In
front
of
the
house
was
a
boy
who
was
reading.
East
of
the
city
lies
a
river.
❺ 英语语法 倒装句
only 加状语放句首,句子半倒装。例如 only in this way can you finish this work. only on the top of the hill did he see the village. only at night will you watch the stars with your eyes....
though 和as 引导倒装的方式一样。有表语内 表语提容前,没有表语状语提前,没有状语,谓语提前。例如
young as/though he is , the boy still can solve this problem
hard as /though he works, the boy ...
tried as /though he , the boy..
❻ 英语语法倒装讲解,要完整的
一般来说,倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装,有的倒装是因为语法需要而出现的,有的倒装则是因为结构平衡的需要而出现的。
一、完全倒装(主谓倒装)是指把谓语全部提到主语的前面。 例:In the harbor sits Denmark"s bestknown landmark,the Little Mermaid
1.以here, there,now, then引导的句子,要完全倒装。这种句子中的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。
如:Here comes the train! / There goes the bell!
注意:若代词作主语,只把该副词提前主谓语序不变。Here he comes . / Here it is .
2句首是拟声词或 out , in , up ,away , down 等副词,句子要完全倒装。(注意,这时句子的主语也必须是名词。如果是人称代词,也不能使用倒装结构。) 如:Up went the rocket. /Up it went.
3. 介词短语作状语在句首,句子要完全倒装。注意,这时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。
如:In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.
4.表语置于句首,且主语较长或结构较复杂的句子要用全部倒装。如:Gone are the days when we ha nothing to eat.
5.so/ neither/ nor 表前面所说的情况也适合于后者,其倒装结构为“so/ neither/ nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词”,这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如:She has finished her homework, so has her brother.
She hasn’t gone there, neither/ nor has he.
二、部分倒装(助动词倒装)是指把谓语的一部分(助动词)提到主语的前面。 例: Never in my life have I seen such a thing.
1.用于疑问句中。如:How did you do that? Did you see the film yesterday?
2. if 从句中如有 were ( had , should ) , if 省去后,要部分倒装,把were,had,should提到主语前面。如:
If you had come yesterday, you would have seen him.
---Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him.
3.as 引导的让步状语从句,要部分倒装(表语、状语倒装)。有以下几种形式:
1) 副词置于句首。如:Much as I like it (=Although I like it very much), I will not buy it.
2) 动词置于句首。如:Wait as you may (= Although you may wait), he will not see you.
3) 形容词或名词置于句首。如:Proud as the nobles are (=Although the nobles are proud), they are afraid to see me.
Child as he is (=Although he is a child), he can tell right from wrong.
注意:如果名词前有形容词修饰时,as引导的倒装句中要保留不定冠词。如:
A bad-tempered man as he is (=Although he is a bad-tempered man), he loves me deeply.
4.句首为否定词或否定意义的词语时,句子要部分倒装。( not , not only , never , little , seldom , not until, hardly ( scarcely ) , no sooner, not once, at no time,... )
Little do we know about him.
No sooner had he closed his eyes than he fell asleep.
Seldom does he come back on Sundays.
Not until he came back did I know about it.
5.only 在句首引导状语,或not until 引导的状语在句首,主句要部分倒装。如:
Only then did I realize the important of English. / Only when a child grows up does he understand his parents’ intentions.
但若only修饰的是句子的其它成分,则无需倒装。如:Only socialism can save China. (only修饰句子的主语,仍用正常语序)
6.not only ... but also ... 引导两个并列句,前倒后不倒。如:
Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lessons.
7.在以often, well, many a time, now and again等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构
Many a time has John given me good advice. / Often have we made that test.
8. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。May you succeed!
9. so或so引导的短语放在句首,要部分倒装。
So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
so…that结构中的倒装。有时要强调so 所修饰的形容词或副词,常将so连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提到句首。这时,主句要用倒装结构。如:
He runs so fast that he is far ahead of others.---So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.
He is so clever that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.
--So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.(全部倒装)
10.状语位于句首表示强调或使句子平衡,或使上下文紧密衔接,句子要部分倒装。
倒装句的用法
1 . 在以 here , there , in , out , up , down , away , back , now , then 等副词开头的句子里,如果主语是名词,常用全部倒装。
Out rushed the boys . /Then followed three days of heavy rain .
若代词作主语,只把该副词提前主谓语序不变。Here he comes . / Here it is .
2 . 当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常常引起全部倒装。 South of the city lies a big steel factory .
3 . 以带有否定意义而且修饰全句的词开头的句子,要用“部分倒装”语序 ( 倒装的方法跟变一般疑问句的方法相似 ) 。这类常见词有 never , hardly , seldom , not , not only , not until ( 引导从句时,主句“部分倒装” ) ,little , rarely , no sooner . . . than , hardly . . . when , scarcely . . . when。 例:Never shall I do this again .
其中 no sooner . . . than , hardly . . . when , scarcely . . . when 表示“一……就……”的意思。no sooner , hardly , scarcely 引出的主句要用“部分倒装”形式的过去完成时,than , when 引出的从句用过去时。
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain .
如果带有否定意义的词不是修饰全句,只是修饰主语,那么句子的主谓不必倒装。
Scarcely a sound came from among the crowd .
4 . so 修饰形容词或副词,only 修饰副词或状语放在句首时“部分倒装”。
So badly was he injured in the accident that he was sent to the hospital for treatment . /Only in this way can you master English .
如果 only 修饰主语,句子则不倒装。 例如:Only Wang Lin knows this .
5. neither , nor 或 no more 放在句首,作“也不”讲时,所引导的句子部分倒装。He can’ t answer the question . Neither can I .
6.为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语,或使上下文紧密衔接时,需倒装。
Gone are the days when we used foreign oil .
7.由 as , though ( although ) 引导的表示“虽然”,“尽管”的让步状语从句,用倒装语序,即把从句中的表语或状语等放在 as 的前面。
❼ 英语语法中倒装句的具体知识点。
倒装
英语句子的语序通常是主语在前,谓语在后,这种语序称作正常语序或自然语序。但有时出于语法或达到某种修辞目的(强调、承上启下、平衡等)的需要,要把谓语动词放在主语前面,这种语序称作倒装(Inversion)语序。将谓语动词完全移至主语之前,称完全倒装(Full Inversion);如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,称为部分倒装。
1. there be结构的倒装
在“there be”(或there + appear to be,come,exist, happen to be, lie, live, occur, remain, seem, seem to be, stand, used to be) 雪结构中,倒装形式为完全倒装。如:
There were many students in the reading room in this evening.
今晚阅览室里有许多学生。
2. here,there,now,then等引起的倒装
在以here,there,now,then等简短副词引起的句子中(前三个须用一般现在时),动词往往是be,come,go等时, 这类句子大多带有引起注意的含义。如:
Here comes the bus.
公共汽车来了。
但要注意:如果主语是人称代词,则不用倒装。如:
Here they are. 他们在这儿。
3. 省略if的非真实条件状语从句中的倒装
虚拟结构中的条件从句省去if时,were, had, should须移至主语之前。
如:
Had you worked harder at college, you would have got better job.
如果你在大学期间读书用功些,现在就会找到一份更好的工作。
4. 副词so, neither, nor等引起的倒装
在用so, nor, neither表示“也/不……”这一类结构里其公式是:
肯定: so+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语
否定: Neither(nor)+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语。如:
—He has been to Beijing.他去过北京。
—So have I.我也去过。
—They can’t answer the question.他们不会回答这个问题。
—Neither than I.我也不会。
5. what,how引起的倒装
以What, how开头的感叹句(表语或宾语提前)。如:
What beautiful weather (it is)!
多好的天气啊!(表语提前)
What a lovely picture he painted!
他画了一张多好的画啊!(宾语提前)
6. 疑问词或连接词引起的倒装
在疑问词或连接词whether等引起的从句中。如:
Whatever you may say, I won’t go there.
无论你怎样说,我都不会去那儿。(状语从句中宾语提前)
7. 否定词位于句首时引起的倒装
(1). never,seldom,hardly,little,few等引起的倒装
否定词never,seldom,rarely,hardly,barely,scarcely,little,few等位于句首时所引起的倒装句通常为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:
Never shall I forget the days when you were with us.
我很少有时间去看电影。
(2). nowhere,no longer,no more等引起的倒装
nowhere(无处),no longer(不再),no more(也不)等否定词位于句首时所引起的倒装句通常为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式:
No longer was he in charge of this work.
他不再负责这项工作了。
(3). not until,not a,not in the least等引起的倒装
not until(直到……才),not a(一个……也没有),not in the least(一点儿也不),not for a minute/moment(一点儿也不)等位于句首时,通常引起倒装(not a之后的名词作主语时除外),其形式通常为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:
Not until all the demands had been turned down did the workers decide to go on strike.
一直到所有的要求遭到拒绝之后,工人们才决定罢工。
(4). under no circumstances,by no means,in no way等引起的倒装
in/under no circumstances(无论如何不),by no means (决不),in no case (无论如何不),in no way (决不),on no account (决不可),on no condition(决不)等短语位于句首时所引起的倒装句通常为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:
In no case must force be resorted to.
决不准许诉诸武力。
8. 关联连词位于句首时引起的倒装
(1). not only...but also引起的倒装
not only...but also位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时形式或一般过去时形式,则为完全倒装形式。如: Not only should we not be afraid of difficulties, but also we should try our best to overcome them.
我们不仅应该不怕困难,而且应该尽最大努力去克服它们。
(2). neither...nor引起的倒装
neither...nor位于句首引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:
Neither Peter wanted the responsibility,nor did his wife.
彼得不想担此责任,他妻子也不想担此责任。
(3). hardly...when/no sooner...than引起的倒装
hardly/scarcely/barely...when或no
sooner...than位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:
Hardly had he arrived when/No sooner had he arrived than he was asked to leave again.
他刚到就又被请走了。
(4). so...that引起的倒装
so...that位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:
So angry was he (He so angry) that he couldn’t speak.
他如此愤怒,以致说不出话来。
(5). such...that引起的倒装
such...that位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:
Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.
爆炸的威力如此之大,以致所有的窗户都被震破了。
9. only引起的倒装
当副词only位于句首并修饰状语或宾语时,引起句子的倒装,其形式通常为部分倒装,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装。如:
Only in this way can you solve this problem.
只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。
10. 表语位于句首时所引起的倒装
当作表语的形容词、副词、介词短语等位于句首时,常常引起倒装,其形式为完全倒装:
Aristotle says,“Plato is dear to me,but dearer still is truth.”
亚里斯多德说,“吾爱柏拉图,但更爱真理。”
11. 状语位于句首时所引起的倒装
(1). 当位于句首的状语是一些表示地点的介词短语或表示运动方向的副词(如away,back,down,in,off,out,up)时,常常引起倒装,其形式为全部倒装。如:
Away went the runners.
赛跑手们刷地跑开了。
(2).介词短语作地点状语,放在句首,后面跟的是不及物动词be,come,sit live,stand,lie,exist等时常常引起倒装,其形式为全部倒装。如:
Next to the table is a chair.
桌旁有把椅子。
12. 状语从句中的倒装
(1).让步状语从句中的倒装
as引导的让步状语从句中的倒装:
在as引导的让步状语从句中,位于句首的可以是形容词、名词、副词,还可以是谓语动词的一部分,从而形成从句的部分倒装。如:
Tires as he was, he continued the work.
虽然他累了,但是仍然继续工作。
(2).方式状语从句中的倒装
as引导的方式状语从句一般为正常语序,但是,如果主语比谓语长,可将谓语动词置于主语之前,形成完全倒装。如:
He believed,as did all his family,that the king was the supreme lord.
他和他全家人一样,都认为国王是至高无上的君主。
(3).比较状语从句的倒装
than引导的比较状语从句中的倒装:
由than引导的比较状语从句一般为正常语序。但是,如果主语较长,可将谓语动词置于主语之前,形成完全倒装:
Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than does eastern Nebraska.
内布拉斯加西部地区的降雪通常比东部地区少。
13. the more...,the more...结构中的倒装
在以the more..., the more...引导的倒装结构中,采用部分倒装;如果主句的主语较长,可将谓语动词置于主语之前,形成完全倒装。如:
The more books you read(宾语提前),the wider your knowledge is(表语提前).
书读得越多,知识就越渊博。
❽ 谁能给解释一下英语语法中倒装
倒装句之全部倒装
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有:
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.
2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
Ahead sat an old woman.
注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here he comes. Away they went.
倒装句之部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。
1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。
Never have I seen such a performance.
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。
注意: 如否定词不在句首不倒装。
I have never seen such a performance.
The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
典型例题
1) Why can't I smoke here?
At no time___ in the meeting-room
A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit
答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时,其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.
2) Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案D. 看到Not until…的句型,我们知道为一倒装句,答案在C,D 中选一个。
改写为正常语序为,Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前,后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。
以否定词开头作部分倒装
如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
典型例题
No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began B. has the game begun
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun
答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时,一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when 等等。
注意:只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时,才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语,不可用倒装结构。
Not only you but also I am fond of music.
so, neither, nor作部分倒装
表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。
Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
If you won't go, neither will I.
典型例题
---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?
---I don't know, _____.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
答案:B. nor为增补意思"也不关心",因此句子应倒装。A错在用 don't 再次否定, C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。
注意: 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
---It's raining hard. ---So it is.
only在句首要倒装的情况
Only in this way, can you learn English well.
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装
Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.
as, though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 (形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前)。
注意:
1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。
2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
注意:
让步状语从句中,有though,although时,后面的主句不能有but,但是 though 和yet可连用。
其他部分倒装
1) so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时,需倒装。
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.
2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中:
May you all be happy.
3) 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词,可将if 省略,把 were, had, should 移到主语之前,采取部分倒装。
Were I you, I would try it again.
典型例题:
1) Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is
A. man did know B. man knew C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案为D. 否定词Not在句首,要求用部分倒装的句子结构。
2) Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn't I realize B. did I realize C. I didn't realize D. I realize
答案为B。
3) Do you know Tom bought a new car?
I don't know, ___.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care
C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
解析:答案为B. 句中的nor引出部分倒装结构,表示"也不"。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句,表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。
❾ 考研英语语法的倒装结构如何分析
2014考研英语:解读语法难点之倒装结构
在现实的语言实践中,由于语法结构的要求,或是由于修辞的需要,往往要改变句子的自然语序,把一些本应置于主语之后的句子成分提到主语之前。我们称这种语序的变化为“倒装语序”这样的倒装语序可能使句子的内在含义产生细微的、甚至明显的改变。只有注意观察引起倒装的原因,才能更准确地理解句子的含义。倒装语序分为完全倒装和部分倒装。完全倒装(Full Inversion):又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语医学考研论坛全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。部分倒装(Partial Inversion)(又称半倒装句):指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。
考研英语翻译中倒装结构的突破口在于:识别出倒装结构,并判断出主语和谓语,找到句子主干,理清句中各部分的关系。翻译时既可以按照主谓语的顺序翻译,也可以按照英语表达顺序翻译。
【真题例句1】
With economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two-generation households.
【解析】
第一个句子主语centralization后面紧跟着第二个句子介绍centralization的内容,为使其保持紧凑,所以将介词短语With economic growth置于句首,第一个句子采用完全倒装结构。正常语序应该是:Centralization has come with economic growth。全句共有3个谓语动词:has come,live和have been abandoned,分号连接了两个独立的句子,所以主句的谓语动词是:has come和live, where引导的定语从句修饰cities。
【参考译文】
随着经济的增长,集中现象到来了;日本1.19亿人口计算机考研中的76%都住在城市。在城市中,社区和大家庭遭人抛弃,取而代之的是分离的、两代人构成的家庭。
【真题例句2】
Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots.
【解析】
句子主语regions还带有一个介词短语of isolated volcanic activity和过去分词短语known to geologists as hot spots作后置定语,使得主语部分较长,为保持句子平衡,将分词短语scattered around the globe置于句首,引起倒装。按照正常语序句旅游管理考研子主干应该是:More than 100 small regions … are scattered around the globe。此句为简单句,所以只有1个谓语动词 are。
【参考译文】
100多个分离的火山活动的小型区域分布全球各地,地质学家称它们为热点。