高一英语语法之五大基本句型结构

『壹』 英语中，五种句型结构的用法

主语是动作的发出者，
谓语 可是行为动词， 助动词+动词， 情态动词+动词
直接宾语 是动作的内直接承受者，是名词，代词
间接宾语是容动作的间接承受者，是名词，代词
宾语补足语是补充说明宾语的，
联系动词有两类。 be动词 半系动词（look smell taste sound 等等）
五大句型
1，主谓结构。He runs fast
2,主谓宾。 I like the dog
3 主谓宾宾，I gave him (间接宾语）a book（直接宾语）
4，主谓宾补 He made me work 10 hours a day
5,主系表， He is a teacher/ He looks handsome/ It smells terrible

『贰』 高一英语基本句型

1.主语+谓语
2.主语+系动词+表语
3.主语+谓语+宾语

『叁』 英语高一语法和句子结构有哪些

先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语.结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句.1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,则句义显得不完整,从句与先行词紧密相连.非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明,解释,它与先行词之间有逗号隔开.1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词,这些关系词在介词后面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知识重点与难点(一)当先行词有最高级,序数词修饰,是不定代词,或是all, no, only等形式时,关系代词一般用that,而不能用which.1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)当先行词是表示时间,地点,原因的词时,关系词用when, where, why 还有which, that1. I’m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn’t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定语从句的简化表达：1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明：以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来：1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明：修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外,还可以用非谓语动词形式：doing短语,done短语,being done短语,to be done短语修饰.其结构和意思如下：1. 被修饰名词+doing短语： 正在做….的人/正在发生的事.2. 被修饰名词+ done短语： 被…..的人/事3. 被修饰名词+being done短语：正在被…..的人/事4. 被修饰名词+ to be done短语：将要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The “crazy” gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means “you have a phone call” in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be “the mother river” runs across China like a huge dragon.总结：以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词,不定式的各种形式作定语.1. 这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面.如果单独一个V-ing或V-ed形式作定语,则可以放在被修饰名词前面.2. 分词作定语时,其动作应与全句动作同时发生.V-ing表示主动意义和正在做,V-ed表示被动意义.being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定语表示将要发生的,to be done表示将要被做的【典型例题】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people’s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析：_____ plays an important role in people’s lives为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词Friendship用which连接定语从句.答案：A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析：_____ I worked three years ago作为定语从句修饰先行词Uncle Li,从句完整的表达是：I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以关系词前应加上介词with.答案：C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析：定语从句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修饰先行词the reason指“他在会上就他工作中的粗心解释的原因.先行词在从句中做宾语.答案：A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析：非限定性定语从句_____ work is rather hard修饰先行词teachers, 它与从句中的work是从属关系,关系词用whose答案：D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn’t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析：公元前776年被首次举行的奥运会,直到1912年才容纳女运动员._____in 776 BC做定语修饰The Olympic Games,指过去的内容,表示被动.用done做定语.答案：C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析：根据句意房子即将开工._____ for the teachers and the construction work修饰The houses应为The houses The houses将要为教师和施工修建的房子.答案：B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析：根据句意：比如说,我们当中参加一个对我们毫不重要的会议的人会有多少人对这个讨论感兴趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修饰How many of us做定语.与全句动作同步.答案：B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析：非限定性定语从句__ is working in Australia修饰先行词three children,根据从句中的is判断,是说：三个孩子中的一个在澳大利亚工作.答案：B【模拟试题】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don’t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【试题答案】1. C Susan 正是我认为作了好事的那位女孩.先行词the very girl在从句中做think的宾语,同时又是后面宾语从句did the good deed.的主语,所以关系词不能用whom2. C 定语从句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修饰先行词money：用这笔钱买火车票.关系词前面需要加介词：with3. C定语从句_____ he devoted much time意思是：他把大量的时间都投入在这本书上了.devote….to sth.关系词前加介词：to4. A 定语从句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修饰先行词the day ：先行词the day在从句中做时间状语：在这一天我得到了扮演一个角色的机会.5. C 短语_____ tomorrow做定语修饰the question,根据表达的内容：明天即将被讨论的问题.应当用不定式的被动结构做定语.6. D 短语_____ at the moment做the food的定语,表示：正在做的食物.Being done 做定语表示：正在被……的…….7. C 现在分词短语reading under the big tree做定语修饰the teacher 表示：正在大树下看书的那位老师.情态动词1. 情态动词的推测表达2. 情态动词表达虚拟语气3. 某些情态动词的特殊用法知识重点与难点总结知识重点：情态动词在表达推测意义的句子中的运用：(一)用情态动词表达事实的推测.can,could,might,may,must可以用来表达对事实的推测.根据说话人对事实的把握性大小,must表示“肯定…”,may / might / can / could表示“可能……”, must只用于肯定句中,may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 “可能不……”, 而can / could可以用于疑问句,表示“可能,可能……吗?”,其否定式can’t / couldn’t 表示“不可能”.用情态动词可以对现在或过去的事实进行推测.对不同的时间内容推测有不同的结构.(二)对现在的事实进行推测：主要结构：…must / may / might +动词原形be+名词/形容词/介词短语be + doing例句：1. You must be Jeanne. I’m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn’t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn’t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can’t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)对过去的事实进行推测：结构：情态动词+have done / been+名词/形容词/介词短语例句：1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn’t have seen Anna yesterday. She’s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情态动词表达虚拟语气：表达“本来…”,“不然早就…”.这是情态动词的一种虚拟语气用法.表示说话人所讲的与所发生的事实相反.表达了说话人的埋怨,后悔的语气.其结构是在一些情态动词后面加 have done 结构.根据要表达的意思

『肆』 英语中的五大基本句型。

英语简单句5种基本基来本句型：源
主 + 谓（不及物动词） S+V eg the birds are f lying
主 + 谓（及物动词）宾 S+V +O eg.dogs like bones
主 + 谓（及物动词）宾 + 宾补 S+V +O +OC he makes me laugh .
主 + 谓（及物动词）直接宾 + 间接 宾 S+V +DO +IO eg mum bought me a book
主 + 谓（联系动词） +表语 S+V +P
eg the flower looks beautiful

『伍』 英语五大基本句型是什么

英语五种基本句型列式如下：
基本句型一： S+V （主专＋谓）
基本句型二： S+V+P （主＋谓＋表）
基本句型三属： S+V+O （主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四： S+V+o+O （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五： S+V+O+C （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）

『陆』 五大基本句型 各20例句 ·

英语的五种基本句型有：

1. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) [S + V]

例句：（1）The children are playing happily. 孩子们正在高兴地玩。

（2）Everybody laughed. 大家都笑了。

（3）He stands. 他站着。

（4）He swims. 他游泳。

（5）She sings. 她唱歌。

（6）The student studies. 学生学习。

（7）We arrived. 我们到了。

（8）Time flies. 时光飞逝。

（9）The moon rose. 月亮升起。

（10）The man eat. 那个男人在吃饭。

（11）We all laughed. 我们都笑了。

（12）Everybody talked. 所有人都在讲话。

（13）I laughed. 我笑了。

（14）They cooked. 他们在做饭。

（15）She left.她离开了。

（16）He came.他来了。

（17）She cried.她哭了。

（18）The boy smiled.男孩笑了。

（19）The man died.那个人过世了。

（20）The sun rises.太阳升起来了。

2. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 [S+V+O]

例句：（1）The Greens enjoy living in China. 格林一家喜欢住在中国。

（2）I love apples.我喜欢苹果。

（3）I played the piano. 我弹钢琴。

（4）I like you.我喜欢你。

（5）I hate you. 我讨厌你。

（6）He need a piece of bread. 他需要一片面包。

（7）The monkey eats an banana. 那猴子吃了个香蕉。

（8）She opens the door. 她打开门。

（9）Lucy rides a blue bike. 露西骑一辆蓝色自行车。

（10）The man lands a job. 那男的找到一份工作。

（11）The teacher loses a chance. 这老师失去了一个机会。

（12）She moves that red box. 她移开那个红色箱子。

（13）I miss you. 我想你。

（14）He posted the latter.他把信寄出去了。

（15）Who knows the answer? 谁知道答案？

（16）She laughed at her. 她嘲笑他。

（17）He understands English. 他知道英语。

（18）He made cakes. 他做蛋糕。

（19）They ate apples. 他们吃苹果。

（20）He said "hi". 他说你好。

3. 主语+谓语+表语 [S+V+P]

该句型谓语动词为连系动词.常见的系动词有：be(是)； get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) 等。

例句：（1）He became a famous doctor. 他成为了一名著名的医生。

（2） The apple pie tastes really delicious. 苹果派吃起来真是好吃。

（3）His eyes are blue.他的眼睛是蓝色的。

（4）I am a student. 我是一个学生。

（5）He is a teather. 他是一个老师。

（6）Nothing is impossible. 没有什么是不可能的。

（7）You are beautiful. 你很漂亮。

（8）They are my friends. 他们是我的朋友。

（9）This is my family. 这是我家人。

（10）He is my father. 他是我爸。

（11）This is my favorite place. 这是我最喜欢的地方。

（12）That is my house. 那是我的房子。

（13）Mary is beautiful and smart. 玛丽很漂亮很聪明。

（14）This is a book. 这是一本书。

（15）The dinner smells good. 晚饭闻起来很好。

（16）He fell happy. 他觉得开心。

（17）Everything looks different. 所有事情都看起来不一样了。

（18）The book is interesting. 书很有趣。

（19）The weather became warmer. 天气转暖了。

（20）His face turned red. 他的脸变红了。

4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 [S+V+InO+DO]

这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语,既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语.也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后,但要加介词for或to。

例句：（1）My aunt bought me a computer. 我阿姨买给我一台电脑。

（2） I passed him the salt. 我把盐递给他。

（3）I gave him my address.我告诉他我的地址。

（4）He gave me an apple. 他给了我一个苹果。

（5）My mother bought me a new schoolbag yesterday. 妈妈昨天给我买了一个新书包。

（6）I sent her a letter last week. 上周我给她发了一封信。

（7）The sun gives us light and warmth. 太阳给我们光和热。

（8）We sent him a telegram. 我们给他发了个电报。

（9）Mum bought my sister a present. 妈妈给我妹妹买了一份礼物。

（10）I can buy you some flowers. 我可以给你买一些花。

（11）You must bring me something to eat. 你一定要给我带一些吃的东西来。

（12）He bought me a book. 他给我买了一本书。

（13）He sent me an E-mail. 他给我寄了一封电子邮件。

（14）I told her a story. 我给她讲了一个故事。

（15）She writes me a letter every day. 他每天都给我写一封信。

（16）Chatting online will bring you a lot of fun. 网上聊天会给你带来很多乐趣。

（17）He lent me ten yuan. 他借给我10块钱。

（18）I will buy you a meal. 我会请你吃顿饭。

（19）I gave him my book. 我把我的书给他了。

（20）He showed the guard his passport. 他把通行证给门卫看了。

5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 [S+V+O+OC]

例句：（1）We must keep our school clean. 我们必须保持我们的学校清洁。

（2）I found the box empty. 我发现盒子是空的。

（3）I find the clock broken. 我看到钟表坏了。

（4）I saw him playing football. 我看到他在踢足球。

（5）They made the boy work 16 hours a day. 他们让这个男孩每天工作16小时。

（6）They ask us to work hard. 他们让我们努力工作。

（7）We made him monitor. 我们让他做班长。

（8）He asked me to clean the classroom. 他让我打扫教室。

（9）Iaskedhimtohavedinner. 我让他吃晚饭。

（10）Hetoldmetocleantheroom. 他告诉我打扫房间。

（11） Tomwantedmetomeethim. 汤姆想让我见他。

（12）Iwatchtheboyplayingfootball. 我看到那个男孩在踢足球。

（13） Mygoodfriendtoldmeastory. 我的好朋友给我讲了一个故事。

（14） LiLinoticedtwodogsfight. 李利注意到两个狗在打架。

（15）Pleasehandmethepaper. 请递给我一张纸。

（16）. 那头狮子命令那只母鸡给他一些鸡蛋。

（17）Hewantedyoutogowithhim. 他要你一起跟他去。

（18）. 李扬叫那个小男孩回家。

（19）Sheasksmetohelpher. 她请我去帮助她。

（20）Momletmein. 妈妈让我进去。

『柒』 英语的五大基本句型是哪几种

1.“主----系-----表”(SLP)句型：
在这种句型中，谓语动词是以be为主的连系动词(Linking Verb)，后面跟主语补语(Subject Complement)，如：
These oranges have kept fresh. 这些桔子一直很新鲜。
Mary is a student / here /in the room. 玛丽是个学生/在这儿/在房间里。
有的语法家把be后面的副词(短语)或介词短语视为状语，从而形成了“主----动-----状”(SVA)这一在五种基本句型之外的句型(见上面最后一个例句)。

2.“主----动”(SV)句型：
在这种句型中，谓语动词为不及物动词(Intransitive Verb)，谓语部分通常只包括限定动词，即使有状语，也属任意性状语，即：去掉后并不影响句子结构和意义的完整，如：
This bread won’t keep (for a long time). 这种面包不好(长期)存放。
Tom has left.
前面说过,有些句子中的状语是不可缺少的，这种状语被称为必具性状语，从而构成“主----动----状”(SVA)句型，但这仅限于少数几个动词的某些用法，因而不是一种主要句型，如：
They are staying in a hotel. 他们暂住在一家旅馆里。

3.“主----动-----宾”(SVO)句型：
在这种句型中，谓语动词为只带一个宾语的及物动词，这种动词被称为单宾语及物动词(Monotransitive Verb)，如：
He kept the money. 他保存着这些钱。
They have left the hotel. 他们已经离开了那家旅馆。
在这种句型中，状语通常也不是必不可少的，但有少数几个及物动词的某些用法要求必具性状语，从而形成了“主----动-----宾-----状”(SVOA)这一在五种基本句型之外的另一种句型，如：
The train leaves London at nine. 这列火车九点钟驶离伦敦。

4.“主----动----间宾-----直宾”(SVOiId)句型：
在这一句型中，谓语动词为能带一个间接宾语和一个直接宾语的及物动词，这类动词被称为双宾语及物动词(Ditransitive Verb)，如：
He kept me a dictionary. 他为我保存了一本词典。
Shall I leave you the camera? 要我把照相机留给你吗?

5.“主----动----宾----补”(SVOC)句型：
在这种句型中，谓语动词为能带复合宾语(宾语+宾语补语)的及物动词，这类动词叫做复合宾语及物动词(Complex Transitive Verb)，如：
She kept a notebook handy. 她手头上随时有个笔记本。
His illness left him weak. 他的疾病使他身体虚弱。

『捌』 五大基本句型和英语语法

英语简单句自5种基本基本句型：
主
+
谓（不及物动词）
S+V
eg
the
birds
are
f
lying
主
+
谓（及物动词）宾
S+V
+O
eg.dogs
like
bones
主
+
谓（及物动词）宾
+
宾补
S+V
+O
+OC
he
makes
me
laugh
.
主
+
谓（及物动词）直接宾
+
间接
宾
S+V
+DO
+IO
eg
mum
bought
me
a
book
主
+
谓（联系动词）
+表语
S+V
+P
英语语法涉及的知识点太多，此处就不列出来了。