❶ 求英语语法时态公式，简单明了即可
这里的have
been
married是be
married的现在完成时形式，不是marry的现在完成时的被动语态。
在本句中不能用marry的被动语态形式来与for
20n
years连用。
❷ 英语语法里面的各种时态
时间
现在
过去来
将来自
过去将来
状态
一般
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
一般过去将来
进行
现在进行时
过去进行时
将来进行时
过去将来进行时
完成
现在完成时
过去完成时
将来完成时
过去将来完成时
完成进行
现在完成进行时
过去完成进行时
将来完成进行时
过去将来完成进行时
❸ 英语时态语法
一般将来时
1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。
will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。
Which paragraph shall I read first.
Will you be at home at seven this evening?
2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。
a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。
What are you going to do tomorrow?
b. 计划，安排要发生的事。
The play is going to be proced next month。
c. 有迹象要发生的事
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
一般现在时
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
现在完成时
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成： have (has) +过去分词。
用于现在完成时的句型
1）It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2）This is the… that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。
典型例题
(1) ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。
(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，从句要用完成时。
注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
（错）I have received his letter for a month.
（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
一般过去时
1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
3）句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了"
It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'
I'd rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。
I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较：
一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含义：她已不在人间。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
(含义：她现在还活着)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)
注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。
1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。
Did you want anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2）情态动词 could, would.
Could you lend me your bike?
比较过去时与现在完成时
1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语
共同的时间状语:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
现在完成时的时间状语
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不确定的时间状语
3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
举例：
I saw this film yesterday.
（强调看的动作发生过了。）
I have seen this film.
（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（强调起床的动作已发生过了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已从巴黎回来了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是团员的状态可持续)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。
（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
❹ 英语语法时态
时态详解：一般过去时
1. 一般过去时的定义
一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when – clause, in the past连用。如：
What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么？
I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我会到了林涛。
I was there a moment ago. 刚才我在那儿。
2. 一般过去时的应用
(1) 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态。如：
Liu Ying was in America last year. 刘英去年在美国。
Jim rang you just now. 吉姆刚才给你打了电话。
(2) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常接时间副词often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week, etc. 如：
We often went out for a walk after supper. 我们过去常在晚饭后散步。
We usually played together. 我们通常一起玩。
3. 一般过去时对谓语动词的要求
一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式，不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆，规则变化则遵循以下原则：
(1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如：play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.
(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。如：like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。
(3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加—ed。如：supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied.
(4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.
4. 特别说明
有些动词的过去时，如：expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般过去时，后接不定式的完成时；或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式，都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望。如：
I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party. —I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本希望他来邀请我参加他的婚礼。
I intended to have joined their games. —I had intended to join their games. 我本打算参加他们的比赛。
时态详解：过去将来时
1. 过去将来时的定义
过去将来时主要用于表示过去某个时候看来即将发生的动作或存在的状态。如：
He said he would come here next Friday. 他说他下周星期五来这儿。
I knew that he would help us when we were in trouble. 我知道当我们陷入困境时它会帮助我们。
2. 过去将来时的结构
(1) would + 动词原形。如：
She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates this term. 她告诉我们说她将一切努力在本期赶上其他同学们。
When you asked Li Lei for help, he would never refuse you. 过去当你请她帮忙时，他绝不会拒绝。
(2) was / were going to + 动词原形。如：
He told us that he was going to attend the meeting. 他告诉我说他要参加那次会议。
He said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station. 他说将要拍我去火车站接她
(3) was / were to + 动词原形。如：
The building was to be completed next month. 这座建筑改在下个月竣工。
Li Lei was to arrive soon. 李蕾很快就要到了。
(4) was / were about to + 动词原形。如：
We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly. 就在我们要离开时，天突然下起了大雨。
He was about to have lunch when the bell rang. 就在他要吃中饭的时候，门铃响起来了。
(5) was / were +现在分词。如：
He was leaving the next day. 他第二天要走了。
We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon. 我们接到通知说领导们很快要来我们学校。
3. 过去将来时的用法
(1) 过去将来时，一般用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。如：
He said he would stay with us. 他说他要与我们呆在一起。
He said he would never go there again. 他说他绝不会再去那儿。
(2) 过去将来时，用于虚拟语气中，如：
If I were you, I would not do that. 要是我是你的话，我就不会那样做。
If he were here, he would show us how to do it. 如果他在这儿，他就会向我们展示该如何做了。
4. 拓展
was / were going to + 动词原形；was / were to + 动词原形；was / were about to + 动词原形等结构都可表达当时一种未曾实现的意图或打算。如：
The conference was going to be held the next month. 会议下个月开。
We were to have our class at eight. 八点我们该上课了。
I was about to tell him about it when Wu Dong got in. 就在我要告诉他时，吴东进来了。
❺ 英语的时态语法（所有）+例句
1. 现在一般时与现在完成时
1) I come from Shanghai(上海人）
I have come from Shanghai（从上海来）
2) You read very well. (强调能力）
You've read very well. （强调一次刚完成的动作）
3) I forget.(一时想不起来了）
I have forgotten.（仍没想起来，可能已回忆起来了）
4) The book is written in simple English. (表状态）
The book has been written in simple English.（表动态，已用英语写成）
5) Every time I see him, he's been reading. （两个动作不可能同时进行）Every time I have seen him, he's been reading. (强调两个动作同时进行）
6) He is gone. (强调状态）He has gone （强调动作和时间）
7) He won't come till the play begins. (演出开始时）
He won't come till the play has begun.（戏已开始）
8) After I leave school, I'll go to college. （两个动作紧密相接）
After I have left school, I'll go to college.（强调毕业后，两个动作可能有间隔）
9) It is a long time since I saw you last. It's been a long time since I saw you last.(这两句话一样，后一句是美国英语）
10) Where are you? (在哪）Where have you been?(去了哪）
2. 现在一般时与现在进行时
1) He works hard.（强调始终如一）He is working hard.（强调现在）
2) What do you do? (干什么工作的）What are you doing?（在干什么）
3) Here comes the bus! (表高兴和欣慰）
The bus is coming.（汽车到来的情景）
4) I forget him name. I'm forgetting his name.(差点把他的名字忘了）
5) You don't eat much. (强调胃口不大）
You're not eating much.（你怎么不吃呀）
6) The match starts at 7 o'clock. (比较固定，不宜改变）
The match is starting at 7 o'clock.（可以改变）
7) Tom always comes late. Tom is always coming late.(表示不满，责备）
8)Tom goes to college now.
Tom is going to college now.(这两句区别不大，后者更生动）
9） I tell you.（我可以告诉你）
I'm telling you.(我告诉你吧，有感情色彩）
10) He always sleeps in the afternoon.
He is always sleeping in the afternoon.(后者意味着整个下午都睡掉了）
11) I expect you to phone me. ( 几乎等于命令）
I'm expecting you to phone me.（婉转）
12) What do you say? What are you saying?(你说些什么呀，表说话人惊讶，不满）
12) I find that the book is too difficult for me.(强调结果） I'm finding that the book is too difficult for me. (强调过程，逐渐感到）
13) Apples cost more these days.(强调事实)
Apples are costing more these days.(越来越贵)
14) He always thinks of others.
He's always thinking of others.(表示赞扬)
15) Whenever I see him, he argues with somebody.(强调两个动作有先后) Whenever I see him, he is arguing with somebody.(强调两个动作同时进行)
16) I hope you'll give us some advice.
I'm hoping you'll give us some advice.(表示语气婉转)
17) I must go. (我应该去)I must be going.(我该走了)
18) We can discuss this while we eat.(说话是没用餐)
We can discuss this while we are eating.(进餐已开始)
3. 现在完成时与过去一般时
1) I've seen him this morning.(还在上午的时间里)
I saw him this morning.(时间已不在上午了)
2) Who's opened the window? (窗户还在开着)
Who opened the window? (与现在无关,窗户可能已关上)
3) Have you ever heard him sing? (他可能不是爱唱歌)
Did you ever hear him sing?(你曾听过他唱歌吗,他可能是歌唱家)
4) Have you ever heard of such a thing? (你听过这种事吗)
Did you ever hear of such a thing?(这种事, 你听说过吗? 是一个修辞性问题，表示惊异。)
5) What have I done to make you so angry? (对方仍生气）
What did I do to make you so angry? （暗示某一过去的时间，可能对方已不生气了。）
6) How has he done it? (他这活干的怎么样？强调结果）
How did he do it?（他是怎么干这活的？强调干活的方式）
7) He has lived in New York for eight years. (他仍在纽约）
He lived in New York for eight years.（他可能不在人世了）
8) He has been called a thinker.
He was called a thinker.(他曾被誉为思想家）
9) You've heard what I said. (你听见我的话了）
You heard what I said.（你是听见我的话的，口气严厉，具有感情色彩。）
10) I've lost my pen. (笔还没找到）I lost my pen.（笔可能找到了）
11) He has already been there. (曾去过哪）
He was already there.（当时在哪）
12) Since I have been ill, my friend has visited me every day.（生病还在延续）Since I was ill, my friend has visited me every day. (病已好了）
13) Have you slept well? (暗示疲倦了，休息后是否好些了）
Did you sleep well?（暗示睡的是否舒服，满意）
4. 过去完成时与过去一般时
1) I came here after I finished middle school.(两个动作每间隔)
I came here after I had finished middle school.(两个动作有间隔,强调先后概念)
2) I waited till I saw him.
I waited till I had seen him. (这两个句子差不多,过去完成时更普遍)
3) We hoped he would come.(我们希望他来)
We had hoped he would come.(我们本希望他来的)
4) I don't think he sang as well as he once did.(指具体一次)
I don't think he sang as well as he had once done.(泛指以前,现在可能不唱了)
5) Before I came here, I was a soldier.(我来此以前在当兵)
Before I came here, I had been a soldier.(我来此以前,曾当过兵)
6) Jim said he didn't know he was so strong.(表示Jim在说话时仍很结实) Jim said he didn't know he had been so strong.(表示在Jim说话之前曾结实过)
7) They were friends from many years.(表示现在还是朋友)
They had been friends for many years.(意味这友谊结束了)
8) He did the work at 6.(强调时间)
He had done the work at 6. (6点工作已做完)
9) I learned French ring my holiday.(强调学了)
I had learned French ring my holiday. (强调学会了)
10) When she sang she sat down.(表示唱着坐下)
When she had sung she sat down.(表示唱完坐下)
11) I went to bed when I did my homework.(不明确)
I went to bed when I had done my homework.(作业做完)
12) I have lived here since I was a child.(从我长大成人)
I have lived here since I had a child.(从我孩提时)
5. 过去进行时与过去一般时
1) I read a book yesterday. (书已看完)
I was reading a book yesterday.(书尚未看完)
2) The guests arrived.(客人已到)
The guests were arriving.(客人陆续到达)
3) He woke from a dream. (表示全醒)
He was waking from a dream.(表示初醒)
4) The old man died.(已死) The old man was dying.(要死)
5) John told me about it.(告诉我了,我都知道了)
John was telling me about it.(跟我谈起过,我想了解更多的事情)
6) They persuaded me to go along with them.(已经说服)
They were persuading me to go along with them.(还在劝说)
7) The wind blew hard all night.(强调事实)
The wind was blowing hard all night.(强调风刮个不停)
8) I expected you. I was expecting you.(客气,表示可能等了很旧了)
9) He knocked at the door.(强调一次性)
He was knocking at the door.(强调多次性)
6. 将来一般时与现在进行时
1) Will he come? Is he coming?(时间发生的比较近)
2) How long will you stay hear? (表示意愿)
How long will you stay here?(表示打算)
3) She'll have a baby. (表示肯定)
She's going to have a baby.(表示推测,计划)
4) I'll see him this evening.(表示意愿)
I'm seeing him this evening.(表示打算,已有安排)
7. 现在一般时与过去一般式
1) Do you wish to see me?
Did you wish to see me?(表示婉转客气)
2) That's all I have to say.(我的话就这些)
That's all I had to say.(我要说的就这些)
3) How do you like the film? (看电影过程中)
How did you like the film?(看完电影后)
4) It is nice to see you.(见面时说)
It was so nice to see you.(离别时说)
5) I never like him. (没时间性)
I never liked him.(从来没喜欢过)
6) I think I know that voice.(没见客人时)
I thought I know that voice.(见到客人时,证明自己正确或错误)
7) Who is that? (哪人还在)
Who was that?(人已不在场了)
8) This cake is made at home. (家里常做这种蛋糕)
This cake was made at home.(这种蛋糕是自家做的)
8.现在完成时与现在完成进行时
1) Someone has phoned you.(打了电话)
Someone has been phoning you.(一直在打电话)
2) I've read the novel.(已读完)
I've been reading the novel.(还没读完)
3) He has lived here for six weeks.
e has been living here for six weeks. (区别不大,后者更口语化)
4) Have you met her lately?
Have you been meeting her lately?(强调动作的重复,经常见面)
5) Who's eaten my apples? ( 苹果没有了)
Who's been eating my apples?(有感情色彩,表示愤怒不满)
9.现在一般时与过去完成时
1) I hope that he'll come.
I had hoped he would come.(与事实相反)
(经常这样用的词有:expect, think, intend, mean, suppose)
❻ 英语语法.时态
时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。
英语时态分为16种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。在这里，我们重点讲解一下最常见的11种时态的用法和注意事项。
1. 一般现在时：小学就开始学这个，大家都会吧，有几点强调一下我们就走。
A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。If it is not too much trouble, I would like a cup of tea.
B) 习惯用语:这个要在平时自己积累，因为习语太多，我不做过多解释。
Ie: Believe it or not, his discovery had created a stir in scientific circles.
口语中常说believe it or not，意思是：“信不信由你”，“我说的是真的”。believe it or not是一个固定说法，相当一个插入语，短语中的believe没有词形变化。这点要注意，以后会教你们动名词的用法，到时候会牵涉到主语的问题。
C) 经常性、习惯性动作。
Ie：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。）
D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致.ex: He said that the sun rises in the east.这个句子要注意，到了以后的定语从句经常会有这样的问题，具体细节到时候在说，不过你们要先有这样的概念：客观事实无论谓语的时态是什么都用一般现在时。
E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词 ）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。
ex: When does the plan leave?这个句子注意一下，就是这么用的，有人会注意到这样的问题: The plane leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon.为什么不用将来时，对了，很奇怪，但就是这么用的。
F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情。
Ie: When you finish the report, I will have waited for 3 hours.（完成时，往下看会出现）
2. 现在进行时(be doing) 的用法：上了初一就教这个吧，比一般现在还简单。表示现在正在做的动作，但要注意有的动词不能用于进行时，这类词称为短暂性动词，如，open, borrow等等，在完成时态常常会碰到，平时要注意积累。
3. 现在完成时(have done)：重要考点，初二以后几乎都是完成时态。
A) 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。
ex: I have just finished my homework.
B) 表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间。这里联系进行时，他们都一样，不能用短暂性动词，★★★☆☆考点。
C) 表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。通常用点动词，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。
例：John has broken his left leg.（约翰摔断了左腿。）
注意：
A) 现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于：现在完成时强调动作的动态，或受动态的影响，是动态的结果，对现在有影响；过去时只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与现在没有联系。
例：He worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他曾经在那家医院工作了8年。这只是讲述一个过去的事实，他现在已经不在那家医院了。）
He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他已经在那家医院里工作了8年。表示他从过去开始工作，一直工作到现在，现在仍在那家医院工作。）
B) 因为含有for加一段时间或since加一个时间点这样的时间状语的完成时，有动态和延续性的特点，所以不能使用终端动词或瞬间动词。
例：My sister has been married for 5 years.（过去分词做表语表示状态，可以延续）
My sister has married. Don't disturb her.（终端动词）
C) 在"this is the first/ second/ third…… time that……"句型里要求用完成时。
例：This is the second time that the procts of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.（这是我公司产品第二次参加国际展览会。）
D) 句型"It is/ has been……since"所使用的两种时态都正确。
例：It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.（从我上次见到他以来已经10年了。）
E) 在"no sooner than"、"hardly/ scarcely ……when"、"before"、"prior to"等句型中，主句要求完成时。
例：I haven't met that professor prior to today.（以前我从未见过那位教授。）
4. 现在完成进行时(have been doing)：和现在进行时很像
1) 用法：表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来。
例：We have been working on this project for over a month now.（到目前为止，我们一直在处理那个项目，已经花了一个多月时间了。）
2) 注意事项：与现在完成时相比，现在完成进行时更强调：在从过去到现在的时间里，动作或状态一直持续或一直反复出现。
5. 一般过去时
A) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
ex:I went to Beijing last year.
B) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型，本身表示的就是过去时。
ex: I used to live here.（注意used to 和be used to 的区别，used to表过去常常，be used to 表示习惯于，前者to是不定式符号，后者则是介词，后接名词、动名词、代词）
C) 有时可代替一般现在时，表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。
ex: Would you mind my sitting here?（您介意我坐在这里吗？）
Could you pass me the pen?
注意：
A) 注意时间状语的搭配。一般过去时的时间状语应该是表示过去某个时间的词或词组，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，绝对不可与recently, in the past 10 years, this month等连用，因为这样的时间状语都与现在有关系，应该用现在完成时或一般现在时。注意，到了初二将会是★★★★☆考点，不会不行，逃不了的，几乎每次都考。
B) used to do的否定形式和疑问形式很特别：你怎么写都正确。以否定形式为例：used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都对。
6. 过去完成时(had done)
用法：表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。就是我们常说的：表示"过去的过去的动作或状态"。
画一条时间轴过去完成＿＿●＿一般过去＿◇＿一般现在＿＿＿○＿＿＿＿＿＿
2) 注意事项：“过去的过去”这种逻辑关系常通过上下文体现出来，而不一定受某个时间状语的限制。
ex: There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.
7. 过去将来时(would/ should do) 表示从过去的某个时间看将要发生的事。其实和将来时没什么区别啦。
ex: I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.宾从、直引经常碰到这样的例子，注意。
8. 过去进行时(was/ were doing)
A) 表示在过去一个比较具体的时间正在发生的动作。
ex: I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.
B) 如果when, while这样的时间状语引导词所引导的主从句之一是一般过去时，则另一个句子常用过去进行时。
ex: I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.
9. 一般将来时
A) 基本结构是will / shall do。古英语认为will用于第二、三人称，shall用于第一人称，但后来没做硬性规定，will比较常用。I will be home at 10.
B) 有些动词，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般进行时，并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用，可以表示将来时。初一接触比较多的是be going to，后面的包括will/shall到了后来才出现，其他如sleep很少见，初中阶段我几乎没见过sleep这么用的，leave, come, arrive也常见
ex: My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.
C) 表示“即将、正要”时，可用be about to do。强调近期内或马上要做的事，后常与when连用。ex: I was about to speak when you interrupted me.
D）"be to do"的5种用法：
a) 表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。
例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.（星期一你准会在实验室见到她。）
b) 该做或不该做的事情（语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to），表示一种命令、规劝性语气。
例：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.（孩子们，你们必须 上床睡觉，不准吵闹。我们的客人5分钟之内就要到了。）
c) 能或不能发生的事情（接近can, may）
例：How am I to pay such a debt?（我怎么可能还得起这么大的一笔债呢？）
d) 不可避免将要发生的事情，后来将要发生的事情。
例：I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible. Have a little patience.
A. will be attended B. will be attended to
C. is attended D. is attended to
will be attended to关键的一点是：attend表示“处理，解决”时是不及物动词，必须与to连用。另外，从上下文看，事情显然尚未解决，所以应该用将来时的被动语态。答案是B。
A) is to be B) can be C) will be D) has been
答案是A) is to be。全句的意思是：“如果要避免食品短缺，就必须作出更大努力来增加农业产量。”
E) 同样可以表示“正要、将要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.
注意：
在以if, when, as long as, as soon as, after, before, in case, until, unless等连词以及具有连词作用的副词（immediately, the moment, directly）等引导的状语从句，一般用现在时代替将来时。强调延续性或动态时，可用完成时。
例：I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.（我希望到明年你回来的时候，他的身体已经好多了。）
10. 将来进行时(will be doing) 调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。
ex: Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.
11. 将来完成时(will have done) 表示从将来的某一时间开始、延续到另一个将来时间的动作或状态，或是发生在某个将来时间，但对其后的另一个将来时间有影响的动作或状态。就好象把现在完成时平移到时间轴的将来时时段一样。其用法从和过去及现在有关，变成了和将来及将来的将来有关。
ex: It is reported that by the end of this century the people of Chinese will have increased by 2 billion.
参考资料：http://www.lesun.org/e/print.php?id=8870
❼ 英语时态语法
He kept the door closed 指的是说话以前他让门保持着关闭的状态，所以要用过去时态。
❽ 英语八大时态详细语法
http://..com/question/54291821.html
网络复早就制有人解答啦~
❾ 我需要一份完整英语时态语法资料
英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有8种，而且重点测试完成时态。 要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。
1、一般现在时
主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语； 表示客观规律和永恒真理等。
He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.
She has a brother who lives in New York.
The earth goes around the sun.
Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.
考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：
I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：
时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided.
If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.
考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句， 从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
只要他努力工作， 我不介意他什么时候做完试验。
考点四：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。
The harder you study, the better results you will get.
2、现在进行时
表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。
We are having English class.
The house is being built these days.
The little boy is always making trouble.
考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。
Look out when you are crossing the street.
Don\'t wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.
考点二： 表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。
Marry is leaving on Friday.
3、现在完成时
表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语：
考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点
They have lived in Beijing for five years.
They have lived in Beijing since 1995.
I have learned English for ten years.
考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days,
Has it stopped raining yet?
考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。
in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; ring the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等
考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词 ＋that” 后面跟现在完成时。
This is my first time that I have visited China.
This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.
That is the only book that he has written.
4．一般过去时
表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; ring the war; before; a few days ago; when, 注意：考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式，后接动词原形。
be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于
He used to smoke a lot.
He has got used to getting up early.
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。
He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise
5. 过去进行时
表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。
The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.
He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone shouted for help.
What were you doing at nine last night?
The radio was being repaired when you called me.
6. 过去完成时
表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用 ( before, after, by, up till )
There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.
By the end of last term we had finished the book.
They finished earlier than we had expected.
考点一：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.
I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.
No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. （注意主谓倒装）
考点二：表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。
That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.
It was 3 years since we had parted。
考点三：动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。
I had hoped that I could do the job.
I had intended to see you but I was too busy.
7. 一般将来时
表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5种。
Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.
考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中：
We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.
（主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。）
考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。
I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
考点三：“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。
Use your head and you will find a way.
考点四：“am (is, are) going to + 动词原形”，表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。
“am (is, are) about to + 动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。
“am (is, are) to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。
They are to be married in this May.
8、将来进行时
表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。
I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。
The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.
9、将来完成时
表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。
考点一：常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。
By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.
By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.
By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。
The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.
❿ 英语语法时态
经常有朋友问英语语法学习的书。建议根据自己的程度来选书。初中和高中的同学可以选择初/高中英语语法书；大学生或成年人可以选择《张道真实用英语语法》、《薄冰英语语法》。