① 人教版八年级下英语unit4重点
直接引语在转换成间接引语时，要注意人称的变化、句子结构的变化、主从句时态的一致、语序的变化、指示代词的变化、时间状语的变化、地点状语的变化以及部分动词的变化等事项。
1、人称的变化
直接引语在转换成间接引语时，人称的变化规则是：一随主，二随宾，三不变。
1) 一随主：即直接引语中的代词是第一人称时，在间接引语中必须和主句的主语相一致。例如：
Tom says, “I’m from America.” 汤姆说：“我来自美国。”
→Tom says (that) he is from America. 汤姆说他来自美国。（I变成了和主语Tom相一致的he）
2) 二随宾：即直接引语中的代词是第二人称时，在间接引语中必须和主句的宾语相一致。例如：
She asked me, “Where do you live?” 她问我：“你住在哪里？”
→She asked me where I live. 她问我我住在哪里。(you变成了和宾语me相一致的I)
3）三不变：即直接引语中的代词是第三人称时，在间接引语中保持不变。例如：
Kate said,” They like reading.” 凯特说：“他们喜欢阅读。”
→Kate said (that) they liked reading. 凯特说他们喜欢阅读。（they保持不变）
【注意】人称的变化包括人称代词、物主代词和反身代词等。
2、句子结构的变化
1）直接引语是陈述句时，用连词that引导，that通常可以省略，尤其是在口语中。例如：
He said, “I have been to Beijing.”
→He said (that) he had been to Beijing.
【注意】如果间接引语是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列宾语从句，第一个连词that可以省略，以后的连词that一般不省略，以免造成句子结构上的混乱。例如：
Doctor Li said, “You are nothing wrong. You’ll be better soon.”
→Doctor Li said（that）I was nothing wrong and that I would be better soon.
2）直接引语为疑问句时，要注意将注意原主句中的谓语动词say改为ask （sb.）、wonder或want to know等，且间接引语中必须使用陈述句的语序（即宾语从句中的主语之前不能任何动词）。至于说连词的确定，情况如下：
a) 直接引语为一般疑问句、反意疑问句或选择疑问句时，间接引语中用连词if或whether引导。例如：
He said, “Do you have any music CDs?”
→He asked（me）whether/if I had any music CDs.
→He wondered whether/if I had any music CDs.
→He wanted to know whether/if I had any music CDs.
I asked, “Will you take a bus or a train?”
→I asked him whether he would take a bus or a train.
→I wondered whether he would take a bus or a train.
→I wanted to know whether he would take a bus or a train.
b）直接引语为特殊疑问句时，就由原来的疑问词来充当间接引语的连词，注意原特殊疑问词的被修饰语必须紧随其后，不可分开。如：
He asked, “How many bowl of rice did you have, Lucy?”
→He asked Lucy how many bowl of rice she had had.
c) 直接引语形式上是疑问句，但表示请求，建议意义时，可ask sb. to do sth.，suggest doing，advise sb. to do sth. 等形式来转述。如：
“Could you open the door, please?” he asked.
→He asked me to open the door.
“Why not going out for a walk?” he asked us.
→He advised us to go out for a walk.
→He suggested going out for a walk.
3）直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语时，一般用带to的不定式表达，原主句中的谓语动词通常要改为ask, advise, beg, tell, order, offer, request, suggest, warn等。如ask sb. to do（由肯定祈使句变成），ask sb. not to do（由否定祈使句转变），并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。如：
He said，“Jane，be careful, please.”
→He asked Jane to be careful.
“Don’t be late for class again.” He said the boy.
→He told the boy not to be late for class again.
He said, “Let's have a walk.”
→He suggested our having a rest.
He said, “Let me help you.”
→He offered to help me.
4）直接引语是感叹句时，转间接引语可用what或how引导，也可用that引导，如：
The policeman said, “How clever you are!”
→The policeman said how clever I was.
→The policeman said I was very clever.
3、主从句时态的一致
1) 如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句的动词时态保持不变。例如：
He says, “China is very great.” →He says (that) China is very great.
Mum says, “I’ll be back in a minute.” →Mum says she’ll be back in a minute.
2) 如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句的谓语动词通常要改成相应的过去时态。具体情况见下表：
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
一般过去时 一般过去时/过去完成时
现在进行时 过去进行时
一般将来时 过去将来时
现在完成时 过去完成时
过去完成时 过去完成时
过去进行时 过去进行时
过去将来时 过去将来时
3）直接引语陈述的如果是客观事实、真理、名言、警句、谚语等，在变为间接引语时，时态保持不变。
Our teacher said, “The earth goes around the sun.”
→Our teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun.
4、指示代词，时间状语，地点状语和动词等的变化
直接引语中的一些指示代词，时间状语，地点状语和部分动词须作如下相应的变化：
直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 this这 that那
these这些 those那些
时
间
状
语 now现在 then那时
today 今天 that day 那天
tonight 今晚 that night那天晚上
this week 这星期 that week那个星期
yesterday 昨天 the day before前一天
last week 上星期 the week before前一个星期
ago以前 before 以前
tomorrow明天 the next/following day第二天
next week 下星期 the next week 第二个星期
地点状语 here 这里 there 那里
动 词
come来 go 去
Bring带走，拿走 take 带来，拿来
【注意】直接引语中的时间状语根据实际情况转述为间接引语时，有时不需要改变。
如tomorrow，转述的动作发生在说话的当天，就不用改变；但如果转述的动作不发生在说话的当天，则要将tomorrow变为the next day.
又如here，转述地点就是说话时的地点时，不须变化。
5、标点符号
整个复合句的标点符号必须与主句一致，即主句是陈述句时用句号，主句是问句时用问号。
② 八年级下册英语（人教版）语法
1 一般抄将来时态2 过去将来时袭态3过去进行时态 4宾语从句5if 引导的条件状语从句6现在完成进行时态7 介意（某人）做某事8 询问别人为什么要做或者不做某事9 现在完成时态10反意疑问句
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③ 人教版英语八年级下册第四单元
Last night on "Young Lives",it was an exciting night. There was a surprising party. Lana said she would bring some drinks and snacks to Marcia's house on Friday night. Marcia was still very glad. Then they went to the park outside Marcia's house. Marcia and Lana were surprised to see their classmates. They smiled. Then every student took out their gifts. They laughed,ate and drank.How happy they are！
Last night on"Young Lives",Marcia was mad at Lana.The next day, Ben told Lana that Marcia was mad at her.So,Lana went to Marcia's house and said sorry to her.Then,Marcia got over Lana.And she would have the party again on Friday.Ben called everyone again,and told them that Marcia got over Lana,Marcia would have a party again on Friday.
④ 人教版八年级下册的英语语法
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⑤ 人教版八年级下册英语第四单元的Grammar Focus翻译
直接引语自 间接引语
我对玛西亚生气 她说她对玛西亚生气
我将为拉娜举行一个宴会 她说她将为拉娜举行一个宴会
我每个星期六去沙滩 他说他每个星期六去沙滩
我明天将打电话给你 他告诉我他明天/（过去的）下一天将打电话给我
我能将三种语言 她说她能讲三种语言
⑥ 人教版八年级下册英语语法
a pair of一双，一对
ask for 请求
ask sb (not) to do sth叫某人干
agree with赞同
all year round一年到头，全年
all kinds of各种，各样
all the time一直
argue with与争吵
around the world在世界各地
arrive in/at到达
at least至少
at a meeting在开会
at first首先
as…as possible尽可能
as…as象一样
be able to能够
be angry with 生气
be mad at对感到气愤
be good at擅长于
be careful小心
be allowed被允许
be surprised惊讶
be supposed to被期望/被要求
be interested in对感兴趣
break the rule打破规则
by the way顺便
complain about抱怨
come along出现，发生
come true实现，达到
come in进来
cut in line插队
call sb. up打电话给
do/wash the dishes洗碗
drop litter乱扔垃圾
do well in在方面做得好
enjoy /finish doing sth喜欢/完成某事
end up结束
fall in love with爱上
fall asleep入睡
far from远离
first of all首先
fly to飞向
find out找到
…find it adj. to do sth
keep…down压低声音
keep out不让进入
look for寻找
look smart 看起来精干
look after照顾
look through浏览
let (sb) in让进
let sbget along相处
get over克服
get annoyed生气
get bored厌烦
get an ecation受教育
get on (well) with与相处（好）
get injured受伤
give sb sth/give sth to sb给某人某物
give away赠送
go skating去溜冰
go out of从出去/来
have a fight with与打架/争吵
have a surprise party举行惊讶聚会
have a great/good time玩得愉快
have been to曾到过
hear about/of听说
hundreds of好几百
had better (not) do sth最好做
in a minute一会儿
in 100 years100年后
in good health身体健康
in front of 在前面
in the future 未来，将来
in the front of在前面
in the playground在操场
in/out of style时髦/过时
in silence默默地
in order to目的
in (Russian) style具有俄国风格
in public places在公共场合
It take sb some time to do sth.花费某人时间干某事
the same as与相同
try (not) to do sth尽力（不）干
three quarters四分之三
turn on/off打开/关掉
turn up/down开大/关小
talk to/with与谈话
take care of照顾
take part in参加
take off起飞take away拿走
take place发生
take an interest in对感兴趣
take care (not) to do小心（不）做
thanks for (doing)谢谢（做）
wait in line排队等候
want to do sth/would like to do sth 想干
make sb do sth使某人干
make a living (doing sth)谋生
make money赚钱
make friends with与交友
more than多于
need to do sth 需要干
not…anymore不再
not…until直到为止
not at all一点也不
on (my tenth) birthday在（我十岁）生日
on the phone在通话
on the one/other hand在一（另）方面
open up打开
put out熄灭
pick…up捡起
pass (sth) on (to sb)传递
pay for 付款
part-time job兼职工作
run out of用尽
run away逃跑
rather than胜于
right away立刻，马上
spend…on/(in) doing sth花费
seem to do sth好象干
sleep late睡懒觉
see sb do/doing sth看某人做/在做
start/begin to do/doing sth 开始干某事
adj.(special) enough够（特别
There will be fewer/less…
--What should I do?
--You should do…
--what were you doing when…?
--I was (doing)…when…
While he was (doing)…,a girl called the police.
If you wear jeans to the party, the teachers won’t let you in.
--How long have you been skating?
--I’ve been skating since nine o’clock/for five hours.
Would you mind (not) doing sth?
Could you please (not) do sth?
Why don’t you /not (do sth)?
How/What about sth/doingsth?
do sth 让某人干
⑦ 八年级人教版下册英语的语法
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