1. 初中英语句型整理
初中英语重要句型总结
2006年3月1日
初中英语重要句型
as soon as
as…as…
as…as possible
ask sb. for sth.
ask/tell sb. (how) to do sth.
ask/tell sb. not to do sth.
be afraid of doing sth./ that…
初中英语重要句型
8. be busy doing sth.
9. be famous/ late/ ready/ sorry for…
10. be glad that…
11. buy/ give/ show/ bring/ lend/ send/ pass/
tell…sth to sb.
12.buy/ give/ show/ send/ pass/ bring/ lend/
tell sb. sth.
初中英语重要句型
13. either …or…
14.enjoy/ hate/ like/ finish/ stop/ mind/ keep/
go on doing sth.
15. find it+adj.to do sth.
16.get +比较级
17. get ready for/ get sth. ready
18. had better (not) do sth.
初中英语重要句型
19. help sb. (to) do / help sb. with…
20. I don't think that…
21. I would like to/ Would you like to..
22. is one of the +最高级+名词复数
23. It is +adj. for sb. to do sth.
24. It is a good idea to do sth.
25. It is the second +最高级+名词
初中英语重要句型
26. It looks like…/ It sounds like…
27. It seems to sb. that…
28. It sounds +adj./ It looks+adj.
29. It takes sb. some time to do sth.
30. It's bad/ good for …
31. It's time for…/ to do sth.
32. It's two meters(years)long (high, old)
初中英语重要句型
33. keep sb. doing sth.
34. like to do / like doing sth
35. keep/ make sth. +adj.
36. make / let sb. (not) do sth.
37. neither…nor…
38. not…at all
39. not…until…
初中英语重要句型
40. One…the other…/ Some ….others…
41. prefer …to…
42. see/hear sb. do(doing) sth.
43. so …that…
44. spend… on/ (in) doing sth.
45. stop to do/ stop doing sth.
46. such a (an)+adj. +n. that…
初中英语重要句型
47. take/bring sth. with sb.
48. thank sb. for sth.
49. The more…the more…
50. There is something wrong with…
51. too…to…
52. used to…
53. What about/ How about…
初中英语重要句型
54. What's the matter with…
55. What's wrong with…
56. Why not…
57. Will( Would, Could) you please…
2. 求初中英语所有语法，句型，等等。 越详细越好，好的再追100分。
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3. 初中英语所有句型
as soon as
as…as…
as…as possible
ask sb. for sth.
ask/tell sb. (how) to do sth.
ask/tell sb. not to do sth.
be afraid of doing sth./ that…
8. be busy doing sth.
9. be famous/ late/ ready/ sorry for…
10. be glad that…
11. buy/ give/ show/ bring/ lend/ send/ pass/
tell…sth to sb.
12.buy/ give/ show/ send/ pass/ bring/ lend/
tell sb. sth.
13. either …or…
14.enjoy/ hate/ like/ finish/ stop/ mind/ keep/
go on doing sth.
15. find it+adj.to do sth.
16.get +比较级
17. get ready for/ get sth. ready
18. had better (not) do sth.
19. help sb. (to) do / help sb. with…
20. I don't think that…
21. I would like to/ Would you like to..
22. is one of the +最高级+名词复数
23. It is +adj. for sb. to do sth.
24. It is a good idea to do sth.
25. It is the second +最高级+名词
26. It looks like…/ It sounds like…
27. It seems to sb. that…
28. It sounds +adj./ It looks+adj.
29. It takes sb. some time to do sth.
30. It's bad/ good for …
31. It's time for…/ to do sth.
32. It's two meters(years)long (high, old)
33. keep sb. doing sth.
34. like to do / like doing sth
35. keep/ make sth. +adj.
36. make / let sb. (not) do sth.
37. neither…nor…
38. not…at all
39. not…until…
40. One…the other…/ Some ….others…
41. prefer …to…
42. see/hear sb. do(doing) sth.
43. so …that…
44. spend… on/ (in) doing sth.
45. stop to do/ stop doing sth.
46. such a (an)+adj. +n. that…
47. take/bring sth. with sb.
48. thank sb. for sth.
49. The more…the more…
50. There is something wrong with…
51. too…to…
52. used to…
53. What about/ How about…
54. What's the matter with…
55. What's wrong with…
56. Why not…
57. Will( Would, Could) you please…
一、以形式主语it引导的句型。
句型1. It happened（chanced） that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced sth. = sb. did sth. by chance. 如：
It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在。＝He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there.
句型2、It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/ had done 如：（还有动词appear可这样使用）
It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.好象你以去过北京。＝He seemed to have been Beijing before.
句型3. It is / was＋被强调的部分＋that(who)+剩余的部分.如：
It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.直到他回来我才睡觉。(一定要注意被强调句型谓语动词否定的转移，及形式)。
It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。（只能用because而不能用for, as 或since）
It is I who am a student. 我确实是个学生。（句中am不能用are来代替。）
句型4、It is high time (time/ about time) (that) 主语＋should do / did+其它。（注意从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气）
It is high time that we should go / went home.我们该回家了。
句型5、It is / was said ( reported…)＋that+从句. 如：
It was said that he had read this novel.据说他读过这篇小说。＝He was said to have read this novel.
句型6、It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.(从句中的谓语用should＋do / should have done，其形式是虚拟语气。)如：
It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪，他这次考试没有及格。
句型7、It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.(注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have
done的形式，但should可以省略。)如：
He didn’t come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。
句型8、It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.(从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略。)如：
It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议推迟会议。
句型9、It is/was＋表示地点的名词＋where+从句。（注意本句不是强调句型，而是以where引导的定语从句。）如：
It was this house where I was born.请比较：It was in this house that I was born. (后一句是强调句型。)
句型10、It is / was +表示时间的名词＋when+从句。（注意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句。）如：
It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较：It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States.
句型11、It is well-known that＋从句。如：
It is well-known that she is a learned woman. 众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女。
句型12、It is +段时间＋since+主语＋did. 请比较：
It was +段时间＋since+主语＋had done. 如：
It is five years since he left here.他已经离开这儿五年了。
It was five years since he left here.（同上）
句型13、It +谓语＋段时间＋before+主语＋谓语.（ before引导的是时间状语从句。） 如：
It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。
It will be three hours before he comes back.三个小时之后他才能回来。
句型14、It is +形容词＋for+ sb.+ to do. 如：
It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。
句型15、It is +（心理品质方面的）形容词＋of + sb. + to do. = 主语+ be +形容词＋to do.(常用的形容词有：kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。)如：
It is kind of you to help me.＝You are kind to help me.你真好给我提供了帮助。
二、定语从句：
句型16、由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。如：
As we have known, he is a most good student.众所周知，他是个很好的学生。请比较：It is well-known that he is a most good student.（前一个是定语从句，而后者是个主语从句。）
句型17、由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如：
He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming.
他是个教授，那是我一直盼望的职业。（因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词，因此引导词用which，而不用who。（注意：关于which和as之间的比较请看语法的定语从句部分。）
句型18、由where, when引导的定语从句（其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。）如：
This is the house where I used to come.请比较：This is the house which / that I used to come to.
This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较：This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.
说明：关于that与which之间的区别，请看语法中的定语从句。
三、让步状语从句
句型19、No matter what / which / who / where / when /
whose＋从句，＋主句。注意从句中的时态一般情况用一般现在时态。如：
No matter what you do, you must do it well.请比较：Whatever you do, you must do it well. 无论你做什么，一定要做好。
No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较：Wherever you go, please let me know.你无论去哪儿，请通知我。
说明：这两种句型形式不同，而意义完全相同。
注意：I will tell whoever would like to read it.
句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它即作动词tell的宾语，又作后面从句的主语。
四、条件状语从句
句型20、When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句，＋主句。（从句也可以放在主句之后。）如：
As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.只要你给我一些钱，我就让你走。
Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well.
一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好。
句型21、主句＋on condition that+从句。如：
I will go with you on condition that you give me some money.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。
句型22、主句＋unless+从句.(注意：由于unless本身是否定词，所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定。)如：
I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。
句型23、祈使句，＋and/ and then+主句。（注意：祈使句也可用一个名词短语。）如：
Use your head, and you will find a good idea.动脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意。
Another word, and I will beat you.你再说一句，我就揍你。
句型24、If +necessary / impossible/ important等，＋主句。如：
If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话，我来做此事。
五、原因状语从句
句型25、主句＋in case+从句。（in case表示以免）如：
I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。
句型26、主句＋e to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句。如：
He did not come to school because of the fact that he was
ill.由于他有病了，所以没有来上学。
六、时间状语从句
句型27、When / While / As +从句，＋主句。（关于它们之间的区别请看语法。）如：
When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.当我在农村时，我常常给你打水。
句型28、主句＋after / before +从句. 如：
They hadn’t been married four months before they were
devoiced.他们绘结婚不到四个月就离婚了。
We went home after we had finished the work.我们做完此工作就回家了。
句型29、主语＋肯定谓语＋until＋从句（或时间）.请比较：
主语＋否定谓语＋until+从句。如：
I worked until he came back.我一直工作到他回来。
I didn’t worked until he came back.他回来我才开始工作。
句型30、As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句，＋主句. 如：
My father went out immediately I got home.我一到家，我父亲就出去了。
句型31、No sooner +had + 主语＋done…than +主语＋did. 请比较：
主语＋had + no sooner +done…than +主语＋did. 如：
No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.我一到北京就给你打电话了。
I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you.
句型32、Hardly +had +主语＋done…when / before + 主语＋did.请比较：主语＋had +hardly +
done…when / before +主语＋did.
Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚饭就出去了。
She had hardly had supper when she went out.
句型33、By the time+从句，＋主句.（注意时态的变化。）如：
By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时，我已经写完了这本书。
By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.到你回来时，我将写完这本书。
句型34、each / every time +从句，＋主句. (这时相当于whenever 或no matter
when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后。)如：
Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.每当他来哈尔滨，总是随便来看看我。
七、地点状语从句
句型35、Where +从句，＋主句. 如：
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.哪里没有雨水，种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的。
句型36、Anywhere / wherever+从句，＋主句. 如：
Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.无论我去哪儿，我的妻子也去哪儿。
I will go wherever you suggest.你建议我去哪儿，我就去哪儿。
八、目的状语从句
句型37、主句＋in order that / so that +从句.如：
I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.我起得很早，以便能赶上早班车。
句型38、主句＋for + sb. +to do.（注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语。）如：
He came here for me to work out this problem.他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。
九、结果状语从句
句型39、主句＋so that+从句. 如：
It was very cold, so that the river froze.天气很冷，因此河水结冰了。
句型40、So+形容词/ 副词＋特定动词＋主语＋…＋that+从句.
So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.这本书那么有趣，我想再读一遍。
句型41、主语＋谓语＋such+名词＋that+从句.如：
He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.他进步很快，老师表扬了他。
句型42、Such was + 主语＋that +从句.(这是个完全倒装句。)如：
Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸力这么大，所有的窗户都被震碎了。
十、比较状语从句
句型43、The +形容词比较级……，（主句）the +形容词比较级＋……如：
The sooner you do it, the better it will be.越早越好。
句型44、主语＋谓语＋as +形容词原级＋as +被比较的对象. 如：
He is as busy as a bee.他非常忙。
句型45、主语＋谓语＋the＋形容词比较级＋of / between …
He is the taller of the two.他们俩人中他高。
句型46、主语＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋被比较的对象.如：
This room is three times as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。（这个房间比那个房间大两倍。）
句型47、主语＋谓语＋百分数/倍数＋形容词比较级＋than＋被比较的对象.如：
This city is twice larger than ours.这个城市比我们城市大两倍。
The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2000.那个公社的早稻产量是2000年的两倍。
句型48、主语＋谓语＋the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象.如：
Our building is twice the height of yours.我们的大楼比你们的高两倍。
4. 初中英语（语法单词句型）
an
就放在元音开头的
其余的用a
至于元音嘛就是汉语拼音里的a
o
e
i
u
一般以这个几个字母中的一专个开属头的单词都用an
当然这么说是不全面的
但是你不懂音标的话就这样用也可以
错的几率比较小
http://..com/question/24699916.html?si=6
是语法句型
5. 初中英语语法 词组 句型 越多越好
一般现在时：be done（be随人称变化）
一般过去时：was/were done
一般将来时：will be done
现在进行时：be being done（前面的be随人称变化，后面的being固定）
过去进行时：was/were being done（being固定）
将来进行时：will be being done（being固定）
现在完成时：have/has been done
过去完成时：had been done
将来完成时：will have been done
将来完成进行时：will have been done
现在完成进行时：have been being done
过去将来时：would be done
过去将来完成时：would have been done
过去完成进行时：had been being done
过去将来进行时：would be being done
过去将来完成进行时：would have been being done
被动语态的口决
一般现、过用be done，be有人称、时、数变。
完成时态have done，被动将been加中间。
一般将来shall (will) do，被动变do为be done。
将来进行无被动，shall (will) be doing,
现在完成进行同，have (has) been doing。
现、过进行be doing, 被动be加being done。
情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。
否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。
主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。
一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。
复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。
6. 初中英语基本语句句型和语法都有哪些
1. “主语 + 谓语”（即“主谓”句型） 这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同，说明“某人或某物如何动作”，或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。 例：They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning. 分析：“他们”（主语）“到了”（谓语动作）。 The earth turns around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。 The sun rises in the east， and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。 2. “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”（即“主谓宾”句型） 这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同，用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”，或者说“某人或某物发出了动作，并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。 例：I study English. 分析：“我”（主语）“学习”（谓语动作）“英语”（宾语即动作涉及的对象）。 I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。 3. “主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”（即“主谓双宾”句型） 这一句型英汉语序结构相同，说明“某人为谁（间接宾语为人）做某事”，或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象，其中一个间接对象为人，另一个为物”。 例：Our teacher taught us English. 分析：“我们的老师”（主语）“教”（谓语动作）“我们”（间接宾语）“英语”（直接宾语）。 4. “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”（即“主谓宾补”句型） 这一句型说明“某人或某物要求（使、让）某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。 例： He asked her to go there. 分析：“他”（主语）“要求”（谓语动作）“她”（宾语即动作涉及的对象）“去那里”（补语—补充说明宾语应做什么）。 5. “主语 + have + 宾语”（即“拥有”句型） 这一句型主要用于说明“某人或某物拥有什么（宾语，即有形或无形的资源）”。 例： You have a nice watch. 你有一块漂亮的手表 分析：“你”拥有一块漂亮的手表，即你拥有一个可以及时且漂亮的器具。 6. “There + be + 主语+ …”（即“存在”句型） 这一句型用以说明“在某地或某时存在某人或物”。 例：There is a bird in the tree. 在树上有一只鸟。 分析：“在树上”（地点）“有一只鸟”（存在物）。 7. “主语 + 系动词+ 表语”（即“主系表”句型） 这一句型用以说明“某人（某物、某事、某种概念）具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。常用的联系动词有be， keep，lie， remain， stand， become， fall， get， go， grow， turn， look， feel， seem， smell， sound， taste， 等。 例： I am a teacher. 我是一名老师 分析：“我”（主语）“是”（系动词）“一名老师”（表语—即表明主语的身份）。 She felt very tired. 她感觉到很累。 He became an engineer.他成为了一名工程师。 You look pale today， are you ill？ 你今天脸色看起来苍白，病了吗？ 8. 比较句型 这一句型用以比较物质甲与乙之间的异同。 1） 相等比较： …as + 形容词/副词原级 + as…； …as + 形容词+名词 + as… 例：He is as rich as John.他和约翰一样富有。 例：He has as much money as she does.他和她的钱一样多 2） 劣等比较： …less + 形容词/副词原级 + than … 例：He is less careful than she. 他没她细心。 3） 优等比较：…+ 形容词/副词比较级 + than… ； …the + 形容词/副词比较级 + of the two… 例：She is more careful than he.她比他细心多了。 例： He is the cleverer of the two boys.两个男孩中他更聪明些。 4）最高级：the + 形容词/副词最高级（单数名词或one）+ ｛of（among） + 人或物｝ ｛in + 场所｝ 例： He is the tallest in the class.他是班上最高的。 9. “it + is/was + 形容词 + to do/从句”（即评价句型） 这一句型用于说明“某一动作或事情属于什么性质或具有什么特征”。即对某一动作或事情进行评价。（这里it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to do 结构或 that 从句） 例：It is important to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语很重要。
7. 初中英语的语法与句型详细点，介绍点例子！！！
一般现在时：1.概念：表示经常发生的情况；有规律出现的情况；总是发生的；和事实真理。
2.时间状语：Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…），once a week(day, year, month…），on Sundays（on Mondays …），
3.基本结构：动词 原形 （如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）
4.否定形式：主语 + am/is/are + no t + 其他； 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
6.例句：It seldom snows here.这里很少下雪。
He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助别人。
Action speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
二、 一般过去时
1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…），in 1989,just now, at the age of 5,one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本结构：主语 + 动词的过去式或be的过去式+名词
4.否定形式：主语 + was/were + not + 其他；在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.那些天她经常来帮助我们。
I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是这么忙。
三、 一般将来时
1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…），soon, in a few minutes, by…，the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.基本结构：主语 + am/is/are + going to + do + 其它；主语 + will/shall + do + 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + am/is/are not going to do ；主语 + will/shall not do + 其它
5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。{首字母大写}
6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他们将有一场比赛和我们一起研究。
It is going to rain.天要下雨了。
四、 一般过去将来时
1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语：The next day (morning \, year…），the following month(week…），etc.
3.基本结构：主语 + was/were + going to + do + 其它；主语 + would/should + do +其它
4.否定形式：主语 + was/were + not + going to + do; 主语 + would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。
6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京。
I asked who was going there.我问，谁要去那里。
五、 现在进行时
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, etc. look, listen
3.基本结构：主语 + be + doing + 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + be + not +doing + 其它
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
6.例句：How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉如何？
He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。
六、 过去进行时
1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其它
4.否定形式：主语+was/were + not +doing+其它
5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。（第一个字母大写）
6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.那段时间她在人民解放军部队工作。
When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.他进来时，我正在读报纸。
七、 将来进行时
1.概念：表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。常用来表示询问、请求等。
2.时间状语：Soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，in two days, tomorrow evening
3.基本结构：主语 + shall/will + be + 现在分词 + 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + shall/will + not + be + 现在分词 + 其它
5.例句：This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.下一天的这个时间，他们正坐在电影院。
He won’t be coming to the party.他不去参加聚会了。
八、 过去将来进行时
1.概念：表示就过去某一时间而言，将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，主要用于宾语从句中，尤其多用于间接引语中。
2.基本结构：should/would + be + 现在分词
3.例句：They said they would be coming.他们说了他们将要来。
He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting.他说他不能来因为要开会。
九、 现在完成时
1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语：yet, already ,just, never, ever, so far, by now, since + 时间点，for + 时间段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.
3.基本结构：主语 + have/has + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + have/has + not + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
5.一般疑问句：have或has放句首。
6.例句：I've written an article.我已经写了一篇论文。
The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.在过去的几年，农村发生了巨大的变化。
十、 过去完成时
1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语：Before, by the end of last year (term, month…），etc.
3.基本结构：主语 + had + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + had + not +p.p（过去分词） + 其它
5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。
6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.当我们到车站的时候，火车已经开走了。
By the end of last month, we had reviewed four books.到上个月底，我们已经复习了四本书。
基本结构：主语 + had + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
①肯定句：主语 + had + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
②否定句：主语 + had + not + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
③一般疑问句：Had +主语 + p.p（过去分词）+其它
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句
十一、 将来完成时
1.概念：在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态
2.时间状语：by the time of; by the end of + 时间短语（将来）；by the time + 从句（将来）
3.基本结构：主语 + be going to/will/shall + have + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
4例句：By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.到你回来的时候，就将发生巨大的变化。
十二、 过去将来完成时
1.概念：表示在过去某一时间对将来某一时刻以前所会发生的动作，常用在虚拟语气中，表示与过去的事实相反。
2.基本结构：should/would have done sth.
3.例句：I thought you'd have left by this time.我想这会儿你已经走了。
He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock.他告诉他们他会在8点以前干完。
十三、 现在完成进行时
1.概念：表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始，也可能仍在继续，并可能延续到将来。
2.基本结构：主语 + have/has + been + doing + 其它
3.时间状语：since + 时间点，for + 时间段等。
4.例子：I have been sitting here for an hour.我已经在这里坐了一个小时。
The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.从6点起，孩子们一直看电视。
十四、 过去完成进行时
1.概念：表示某个正在进行的动作或状态，持续到过去某个时刻，还未完成，一直持续到之后的当前才结束。
2.基本结构：主语 + had + been + doing + 其它
3.例子：She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考试之前一直患重感冒。
Had they been expecting the news for some time? 他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧？
4.特殊含义：①尚未完成：He had been writing the novel.他已经在写小说了。（他没写完）
②企图：He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾经学习过这个谚语。（他曾努力学习过它）
③未得结果：We had been studying what our enemy had said.我们一直致力于敌人所说的。（但是我们没有理解）
④最近情况：He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一场架。（最近）
⑤反复动作：He had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题。（屡次）
⑥情绪：What had he been doing？他做了什么？（不耐烦）
十五、 将来完成进行时
1.概念：表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去，要视上下文而定。
2.基本结构：shall/will have been doing
3.例子：I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底，我将在这个工厂工作20年了。
If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there. 咱们如不快一点儿，等我们到了那儿，店门就会关了。
十六、 过去将来完成进行时
1.概念：表示从过去某时看至未来某时以前会一直在进行的动作。
2.基本结构：should/would + have + been +现在分词
3.例子：He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.他告诉我，到年底时，他就在那住了30年了。
一、 被动语态的用法：
1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词
Our classroom is cleaned every day. 我们教室每天都被打扫。
I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。
Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。
2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词
A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。
3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。
Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。
4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词
Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→
My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。
They are planting trees over there. →
Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。
5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词
This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在许多国家有许多人造卫星被送上了太空。
6.过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词
The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.当他的父母赶到医院的时候这个男孩正在做手术。
The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。
7.过去完成时的被动语态构成：had + been + 及物动词的过去分词
The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. 在老师来之前，教室尚未打扫。
The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema.在门票被销售一空前我赶到了电影院。
8.将来完成时的被动语态构成：shall/will + have done
They will have been married for 20 years by then. 届时，他们结婚将满20周年。
The project will have been completed before May.该项目将在五月前完成。
9.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词
Young trees must be watered often. 小树需要经常浇水。
Your mistakes should be corrected right now. 你应该现在就改正你的错误。
The door may be locked inside. 这扇门可以反锁。
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 你的家庭作业可以明天交。
二、 怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?
把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：
1. 先找出谓语动词；
2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；
3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；
4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。
例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 布鲁斯每星期写一封信。
2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning. →The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 李雷今天上午在修理坏的自行车。
3. He has written two novels so far. →Two novels have been written by him so far. 至今他已写了两部小说。
4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow. →Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 他们明天将要种植十棵树。
5. Lucy is writing a letter now. →A letter is being written by Lucy now. 露西正在写信。
6. You must lock the door when you leave. →the door must be locked when you leave. 当你离开的时候你必须把门锁上。
三、 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：
1. 不及物动词无被动语态。
What will happen in 100 years？一百年里会发生什么事？
The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 约65万年前恐龙灭绝。
2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
This pen writes well. 这支钢笔很好写。
This new book sells well. 这本新书卖的很好。
3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to。
例：Make somebody do something →somebody+ be +made to do something
See somebody do something →somebody +be +seen to do something
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. →My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. 一个女孩看到我的钱夹掉了，当她经过的时候。
The boss made the little boy do heavy work. →The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 这个老板让这小男孩干重活。
4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语（物）做主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
He gave me a book. →A book was given to me by him. 他给了我一本书。
He showed me a ticket. →A ticket was shown to me by him. 他给我展示了一张票。
My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father. 我父亲给我买了一辆新自行车。
5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh at by us. 我们不能嘲笑他。
He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. 他每天都收听广播。
The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.这护士在照顾这个虚弱的男人。
8. 初中英语句型，具体内容
初中英语重要句型
as soon as
as…as…
as…as possible
ask sb. for sth.
ask/tell sb. (how) to do sth.
ask/tell sb. not to do sth.
be afraid of doing sth./ that…
初中英语重要句型
8. be busy doing sth.
9. be famous/ late/ ready/ sorry for…
10. be glad that…
11. buy/ give/ show/ bring/ lend/ send/ pass/
tell…sth to sb.
12.buy/ give/ show/ send/ pass/ bring/ lend/
tell sb. sth.
初中英语重要句型
13. either …or…
14.enjoy/ hate/ like/ finish/ stop/ mind/ keep/
go on doing sth.
15. find it+adj.to do sth.
16.get +比较级
17. get ready for/ get sth. ready
18. had better (not) do sth.
初中英语重要句型
19. help sb. (to) do / help sb. with…
20. I don't think that…
21. I would like to/ Would you like to..
22. is one of the +最高级+名词复数
23. It is +adj. for sb. to do sth.
24. It is a good idea to do sth.
25. It is the second +最高级+名词
初中英语重要句型
26. It looks like…/ It sounds like…
27. It seems to sb. that…
28. It sounds +adj./ It looks+adj.
29. It takes sb. some time to do sth.
30. It's bad/ good for …
31. It's time for…/ to do sth.
32. It's two meters(years)long (high, old)
初中英语重要句型
33. keep sb. doing sth.
34. like to do / like doing sth
35. keep/ make sth. +adj.
36. make / let sb. (not) do sth.
37. neither…nor…
38. not…at all
39. not…until…
初中英语重要句型
40. One…the other…/ Some ….others…
41. prefer …to…
42. see/hear sb. do(doing) sth.
43. so …that…
44. spend… on/ (in) doing sth.
45. stop to do/ stop doing sth.
46. such a (an)+adj. +n. that…
初中英语重要句型
47. take/bring sth. with sb.
48. thank sb. for sth.
49. The more…the more…
50. There is something wrong with…
51. too…to…
52. used to…
53. What about/ How about…
初中英语重要句型
54. What's the matter with…
55. What's wrong with…
56. Why not…
57. Will( Would, Could) you please…
一、以形式主语it引导的句型。
句型1. It happened（chanced） that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced sth. = sb. did sth. by chance. 如：
It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在。＝He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there.
句型2、It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/ had done 如：（还有动词appear可这样使用）
It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.好象你以去过北京。＝He seemed to have been Beijing before.
句型3. It is / was＋被强调的部分＋that(who)+剩余的部分.如：
It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.直到他回来我才睡觉。(一定要注意被强调句型谓语动词否定的转移，及形式)。
It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。（只能用because而不能用for, as 或since）
It is I who am a student. 我确实是个学生。（句中am不能用are来代替。）
句型4、It is high time (time/ about time) (that) 主语＋should do / did+其它。（注意从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气）
It is high time that we should go / went home.我们该回家了。
句型5、It is / was said ( reported…)＋that+从句. 如：
It was said that he had read this novel.据说他读过这篇小说。＝He was said to have read this novel.
句型6、It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.(从句中的谓语用should＋do / should have done，其形式是虚拟语气。)如：
It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪，他这次考试没有及格。
句型7、It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.(注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have
done的形式，但should可以省略。)如：
He didn’t come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。
句型8、It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.(从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略。)如：
It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议推迟会议。
句型9、It is/was＋表示地点的名词＋where+从句。（注意本句不是强调句型，而是以where引导的定语从句。）如：
It was this house where I was born.请比较：It was in this house that I was born. (后一句是强调句型。)
句型10、It is / was +表示时间的名词＋when+从句。（注意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句。）如：
It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较：It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States.
句型11、It is well-known that＋从句。如：
It is well-known that she is a learned woman. 众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女。
句型12、It is +段时间＋since+主语＋did. 请比较：
It was +段时间＋since+主语＋had done. 如：
It is five years since he left here.他已经离开这儿五年了。
It was five years since he left here.（同上）
句型13、It +谓语＋段时间＋before+主语＋谓语.（ before引导的是时间状语从句。） 如：
It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。
It will be three hours before he comes back.三个小时之后他才能回来。
句型14、It is +形容词＋for+ sb.+ to do. 如：
It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。
句型15、It is +（心理品质方面的）形容词＋of + sb. + to do. = 主语+ be +形容词＋to do.(常用的形容词有：kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。)如：
It is kind of you to help me.＝You are kind to help me.你真好给我提供了帮助。
二、定语从句：
句型16、由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。如：
As we have known, he is a most good student.众所周知，他是个很好的学生。请比较：It is well-known that he is a most good student.（前一个是定语从句，而后者是个主语从句。）
句型17、由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如：
He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming.
他是个教授，那是我一直盼望的职业。（因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词，因此引导词用which，而不用who。（注意：关于which和as之间的比较请看语法的定语从句部分。）
句型18、由where, when引导的定语从句（其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。）如：
This is the house where I used to come.请比较：This is the house which / that I used to come to.
This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较：This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.
说明：关于that与which之间的区别，请看语法中的定语从句。
三、让步状语从句
句型19、No matter what / which / who / where / when /
whose＋从句，＋主句。注意从句中的时态一般情况用一般现在时态。如：
No matter what you do, you must do it well.请比较：Whatever you do, you must do it well. 无论你做什么，一定要做好。
No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较：Wherever you go, please let me know.你无论去哪儿，请通知我。
说明：这两种句型形式不同，而意义完全相同。
注意：I will tell whoever would like to read it.
句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它即作动词tell的宾语，又作后面从句的主语。
四、条件状语从句
句型20、When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句，＋主句。（从句也可以放在主句之后。）如：
As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.只要你给我一些钱，我就让你走。
Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well.
一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好。
句型21、主句＋on condition that+从句。如：
I will go with you on condition that you give me some money.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。
句型22、主句＋unless+从句.(注意：由于unless本身是否定词，所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定。)如：
I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。
句型23、祈使句，＋and/ and then+主句。（注意：祈使句也可用一个名词短语。）如：
Use your head, and you will find a good idea.动脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意。
Another word, and I will beat you.你再说一句，我就揍你。
句型24、If +necessary / impossible/ important等，＋主句。如：
If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话，我来做此事。
五、原因状语从句
句型25、主句＋in case+从句。（in case表示以免）如：
I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。
句型26、主句＋e to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句。如：
He did not come to school because of the fact that he was
ill.由于他有病了，所以没有来上学。
六、时间状语从句
句型27、When / While / As +从句，＋主句。（关于它们之间的区别请看语法。）如：
When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.当我在农村时，我常常给你打水。
句型28、主句＋after / before +从句. 如：
They hadn’t been married four months before they were
devoiced.他们绘结婚不到四个月就离婚了。
We went home after we had finished the work.我们做完此工作就回家了。
句型29、主语＋肯定谓语＋until＋从句（或时间）.请比较：
主语＋否定谓语＋until+从句。如：
I worked until he came back.我一直工作到他回来。
I didn’t worked until he came back.他回来我才开始工作。
句型30、As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句，＋主句. 如：
My father went out immediately I got home.我一到家，我父亲就出去了。
句型31、No sooner +had + 主语＋done…than +主语＋did. 请比较：
主语＋had + no sooner +done…than +主语＋did. 如：
No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.我一到北京就给你打电话了。
I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you.
句型32、Hardly +had +主语＋done…when / before + 主语＋did.请比较：主语＋had +hardly +
done…when / before +主语＋did.
Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚饭就出去了。