A. 高二英语必修二的重点语法及题目
一．The Present Perfect Passive Voice(现在完成时的被动语态)
例子：主动：I have finished my homework. 被动：My homework has been finished.
1. Mary has locked the door. ___________________________________________________
2. She has told me about the story.__________ _________________________________
3. I have read this book many times.________________________________________________
4. We have completed all the preparations for the task, and we’re ready to start.
___________________________________________________
5. This company has proced new types of computers.
___________________________________________________
6. They have interviewed several teachers for the job.
________________________________________________ ___
7. George has sent some texts and pictures to his friend’s cell phone.
___________________________________________________
8. They have developed some programs for the human resource department of their company
___________________________________________________
9. Someone has put the book under the bench for more than two days.
___________________________________________________
10. The typhoon has damaged the bridges because of its strong wind.
___________________________________________________
二．单选
1. Do you know the thief ______ by the police?
A. has caught B. has been catching C. wi ll catch D. has been caught
2.－How many times______ not to play with fire?
－I’m sorry. I’ll never do that agai n.
A. do you tell B. had you told C. are you told D. have you been told
3. --What’s happening in the new area?
--New houses_______ recently over there.
A. are built B. built C. have built D. have been built
4. There is a police car in front of our neighbor’s house. What do you suppose _______?
A. did happen B. has happened C. is happen D. has been happened
5. All the preparations for the project _______, and we’re ready to start.
A. completed B. had been completed C. complete D. have been completed
6. Great changes ________ in the city , and a lot of factories ________.
A. have been taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set up
C. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up
7. --How long _____ at this job? -- Since 1990.
A. were you employed B. have you been employed
C. had you been employed D. will you be employed
8. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ___________yet.
A. are not decided B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided D. has not been decided
9. This is a photo of the power stat ion that __________ in my hometown .
A. has set up B. has been set up C. will set up D. is set up
10. --Did you move into the new house?
-- No. The rooms ___________ yet.
A. were being painted B. are painting C. have not painted D. have not been painted
三．句子翻译(用被动语态)
1. 我们已经被告知运动将会被推迟。______________________________________________
2. 问题还没有被解决。__________________________________________________________
3. 我朋友刚刚买了一台新个人电脑。______________________________________________
4. 商店很快就修好了我的电脑___________________________________________________
5. 一种不知名的病毒袭击了我的电脑。____________________________________________
四．改错
1. A personal computer has bought by us.
_________________________________________________ ___________
2. Many p roblems has been found wi th o ur new computer.
____________________________________________________________
5. The computer was used every day since we bought it.
____________________________________________________________
4. It’s said that this book has translated into Chinese.
____________________________________________________________
5. The new theater has been designing recently.
_________________ ___________________________________________
答案
一.将以下句子的主动形式改为被动形式
1. The door has been locked.
2. I have been told about the story.
3. This book has been read many times .
4. All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we’re ready to start.
5. New types of computers has been proced.
6. Several teachers have been interviewed for the job.
7. Some texts and pictures have been sent to George’s friend’s cell phone.
8. Some programs for the human resource department of their company have been developed.
9. The book has been put under the bench for more than two days.
10. The bridges have been damaged by the typhoon because of its strong wind.
二．单选
1-5 DDDBD 6-10. BBDBD
三．句子翻译(用被动语态)
1. We have been told that the sports meet will be put off.
2. The problem has not been solved yet.
3. A new personal computer has been bought by my friend.
4. My computer has been repaired very quickly
5. My computer has just been attacked by an unknown virus.
四．改错
1. A personal computer has been bought by us.
2. Many problems have been found with our new computer.
5. The computer has been used every day since we bought it.
4. It’s said that this book has been translated into Chinese.
5. The new theater has been designed recently.
B. 人教版必修二英语语法知识点
高一英语必修一语法要点
一． 一般现在时
1. 表示主语现在所处的状态及其所具备的特征、性格、能力等
例如：I am a girl.
2. 表示习惯性、经常性的动作
例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 标志性的词语
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助于为第三人称单数（he she it）则动词要用单三现
二． 现在进行时
1． 说话时正在进行的动作
例如：I am reading.
2.表示即将发生的动作，多用于go come start leave return arrive stay fly等词语之中，句子中常常有时间状语
例如：The plane is going to Beijing.
3.当句子中出现了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如：I am always thinking of you.
三． 倍数比较
1.A+系动词+倍数词+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如：The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系动词+倍数词+adj\adv的比较级+than+B
例如：The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系动词+倍数词+the size\amount(数量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如：The class is twice the size of that class.
四． With的复合结构
1． With+宾语+宾语补足语
宾语补足语根据逻辑意义的不同可以是不同的词语，如形容词、现在分词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、不定式等，with在复合结构中常作状语
2.常用结构
○1with+宾语+doing
表主动与进行
例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+宾语+done
表被动与完成
例如：With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+宾语+to do
表将来
例如：With so many thing to deal with.
五． 现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时
1．基本表达式（I have been doing ）
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2．表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中国有2000年的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去）
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续下去）
3．表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到，如同在电话里说的，还会继续等)
4．有些现在完成进行时的句子等同的句子。
例如：They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在这里已经工作五年了。
5．大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。
例如：I have been writing a book.（动作还将继续下去）
我一直在写一本书。
I have written a book.（动作已经完成）
我已经写了一本书。
They have been building a bridge.
他们一直在造一座桥。
They have built a bridge.
他们造了一座桥。
6．表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。
例如：I have known him for years.
我认识他已经好几年了。
I have been knowing...
这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：love爱，like喜欢， hate讨厌，等。
注意：比较过去时与现在完成时
1．过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
2．过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语
共同的时间状语:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
现在完成时的时间状语
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不确定的时间状语
3．现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如： I saw this film yesterday.
（强调看的动作发生过了。）
I have seen this film.
（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（强调起床的动作已发生过了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已从巴黎回来了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是团员的状态可持续)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。
（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六．过去完成时
1． 概念：表示过去的过去
其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2． 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3．过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如：He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七．现在完成进行时
1．其构成形式如下：
I / we / they have been + 动词的现在分词
He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词 功用如下：
2． 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动，如：
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3．表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动，如：
It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下)
Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently.
4． 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的行动，如：
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5． 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身，如：
Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意：
现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 现在完成进行时的否定结构 现在完成进行时有时也可用否定结构。
如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后，我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t has that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工作过，我和他没有过那许多接触。
6．否定句构成：
主语+has/have+not+been+现在分词
7．一般疑问句构成:
Have/has+主语+been+现在分词+其他好好努力吧！
C. 英语必修一、必修二语法总结
1. be concerned about
2. share sth. with sb.
3. feelings and thoughts
4. calm down
6. get along with
8. upset
9. suffer from
11. get tired of
12. be crazy about
13. join in
14. outdoor activities
15. on purpose
16. in addition
17. as far as I am concerned
1. settle down
2. based on
6. at present
7. play an important role in
8. native English speakers
9. make use of
11. be recognized as
12. have a good command of
13. have difficulty in doing
1. dream about / of sth. / doing …
3. have a chance to do …
4. be fond of
6. change one’s mind
7. make up one’s mind
8. give in to
11. persuade sb. to do ….
12. insist on doing …
4. lie in ruins
6. break out 无被动
7. think little of
8. at an end
9. a great number of
13. be injured
16. be trapped
18. be shocked
19. be frightened
20. damage
22. natural disaster
24. economic loss
25. be gone
1. quality
2. generous and selfless
3. be willing to do …
4. ask for no reward
5. turn to sb. for help
6. in trouble
7. take an active part in
8. be active in …
9. devote oneself to sth . / doing …
10. be devoted to sth. / doing …
12. fight against / for …
13. equality and fairness
14. equal rights
15. be put in prison
16. lose heart
17. peaceful
18. be hopeful about
19. answer violence with violence
20. out of work
21. be grateful to sb. for sth.
22. (a country) be founded
23. offer guidance to sb. on sth.
25. attack
27. escape from
29. reward sb. with sth. for sth.
1. cultural relics
2. go / be in search of
3. rare and valuable
4. serve as (无被动)
6. belong to (无被动，无进行时)
7. ask for nothing in return
8. be well worth doing
9. It is worthwhile to do …
11. local
13. think highly of
16. have a history of XX years
19. former – latter
20. formal – informal
21. survive vt.
23. be completed
1. the Olympics / the Olympic Games (复数)
2. compete in … with/against … for …
5. take part in
7. stand for
8. a sports event / sports events
9. host – hosted – hosted
10. hold – held – held
11. be admitted as
12. be admitted into
13. admit (to) doing …
14. every 4 years
15. take responsibility for
16. be responsible for
17. be in charge of
18. replace A with B
19. promise to do
20. deserve to do
21. one after another
22. charge sb. money for sth.
25. volunteer
26. on a regular basis
27. be fined
28. foolish
29. hopeless
32. be allowed to do
34. problems arise
35. changes take place
37. live a life of high quality
38. in a way
39. simplify
40. deal with
41. human race
42. think logically
43. watch over
44. personal
46. have … in common
47. explore the Internet
48. download
1. wildlife reserves
2. be at a loss
3. long to do
4. endangered species
5. in danger of dying out
6. succeed in
7. be successful in
8. distant adj. = faraway
9. according to
10. decrease to (by)
11. protect sth. / sb. from …
12. hunt
13. hunt for
14. affect = have an effect on
15. do harm to
16. pay (close / more / no) attention to
17. live in peace with
18. respond to
19. come into being (无被动)
20. fierce
21. be extinct
22. raise our awareness of wildlife protection
23. powerful
2. to be honest = honestly speaking
3. humorous
4. a sense of humor
5. attractive adj.
6. attract vt.
7. have confidence in = be confident in
8. painful
9. be sensitive to
10. afterwards
11. or so
12. as well as
13. attach great importance to
14. dream of / about
15. sort out
16. in addition
17. sth. be familiar to sb.
18. sb. be familiar with sth.
19. break up
20. pretend to do …
21. pretend that
22. play jokes on
23. earn extra money
24. rely on sb. for sth.
25. afterwards
26. be devoted to
27. painful
序号有点乱 因为有删除 看看咯
D. 英语 必修二 语法
Mole 1 Grammar
I. be going to 的用法
be going to结构表示按计划、打算去做某事，表示人的主管意图，有时还可表示预测有迹象要发生某事。如：
. How long is your aunt going to stay in China for a visit?
(计划、打算)
. Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain.
(有迹象要发生)
. George is putting on weight. He is going to be quite fat.
(预测)
II. be going to与will的区别
. will表示说话人认为、相信要发生的事, 不含具体时间, 可以指遥远的将来; be going to 表示按计划、打算即将发生的事。
. 二者都可以表示“意图” 。但是表示事先考虑的事情用be going to, 否则用will。如:
I am not going to / won’t tell him about it.
--This is a very heavy box.
--I’ll help you to carry it.
. be going to 可以用在条件句中表示 将来, will则不行。 如:
If you are going to attend the party, you’d better leave now.
Mole 2 Grammar
不定式作状语
不定式作目的状语
He broke into the house to steal something.
Many drug addicts are now in treatment centers to stop taking drugs.
He’s saving up to buy a new car.
He uses a computer to send emails.
2)有时候在不定式前面加上in order to或 so as to, 否定式为 in order not to 和so as not to:
Let’s hurry so as to go to school in time.
Let’s hurry so as not to be late for school.
She studied very hard in order to catch up with others.
She studied very hard in order not to lag behind.
3) 不定式表示目的时,通常它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语,但如果不是的话,就要用for… 结构表示逻辑主语,如：
Mom opened the door for Jane and Betty to come in.
Mole 3 Grammar
I. 时间状语从句
II. 过去完成时
时间状语从句
. 常见的连接时间状语从句的连接词有:
when, while, as, before, after, until/till, since, ever since, whenever, as soon as, no sooner… than,
hardly / scarcely… when 等
When
When 还有意义为‘这时’，(at this time)‘那时’(at that time) 常用于下列句型：
Somebody was doing something when……某人正在做 ……突然 ……
Somebody was about to do something when…….某人正要做 ……突然 ……
Somebody had just done something when……某人刚刚干了……这时……
1, I was reading English when my teacher came in.
2, I was about to talk in the classroom when the teacher came in.
3, I had just made the mistake when the teacher came in .
While
观察：
While they were doing homework, someone broke into the house.
While he was still a teenager, he was a big star.
分析：while引导的从句表示“在……过程中”，强调某一段时间内主句和从句的动作在同一时期发生。从句的动作表示较长时间，因此常用延续性动词。
While 表示强烈的对比关系，可译成“然而”
She is tall while I am short.
While I was studying English, he was playing football.
As
试观察：
1) As they were picking tea, the girls were singing happily.
强调两个动作同时进行
2) As he grew older, he found it difficult to compose good music.
两种情况一起发展变化
分析：as引导的从句表示“当……时；一边……一边……”，主句和从句的动作同时发生，强调伴随。有时可译为“随着”。
过去完成时
1过去完成时的构成:
“助动词had+过去分词”
The public wondered why the president hadn’t attended the top conference.
2. 过去完成时的用法:
1). 过去完成时主要用来表明在某个时间或动作之前已经发生的动作, 它表示时间是“过去的过去”。如:
The patient had died when the doctor arrived.
Up until then they had just finished half the work.
He had pressed the button before we could stop him.
When I had finished my everyday work, I did some gardening.
2). 如果发生的动作很短暂, 或两个动作紧接着发生, 则常用一般过去时代替过去完成时。尤其是在含有before, after, as soon as的复合句中, 因为它们本身的词义就可以表示出先后顺序。如:
Just before I left New York, I sent an e-mail to Mr White, my teacher in the university.
3). 过去完成时还可以表示未能实现的希望、愿望等, 常用的动词有except, hope, mean, suppose, think 等。如:
I had hoped to send him a telegram to congratulate him on his marriage, but didn’t manage it.
Mother had expected me to come to her birthday party, but I really had a lot of important work to do.
Note:
当动作紧接着发生, 次序明显时, 只需用一般过去时。
When he got home from work, he was very tired. He opened the door, turned on the light, washed his face and went to bed without taking off his clothes.
2.与某个时间段或时间点连用时, 一般过去时表示动作在这个时间发生, 而过去完成时表示动作在这个时间之前就已经完成。如:
He learned Russian ring his stay in Russia.
He had already learned Russian ring his stay in Russia.
3. 在间接引语中，与过去完成时连用的时间状语从句常用一般过去时代替过去完成时。如：
He told me somebody had phoned when I was out.
John said the film had been on five minutes when he got to the cinema.
Mole 4 Grammar
–ing form and the infinitive
作主语
(1) -ing形式和不定式都可在句中用作主语。一般情况下可以互换。
To learn a foreign language is not easy.
=Learning a foreign language is not easy. 学习外语是不容易的。
(2) 表示具体的, 特定情况下的或有待于完成的动作时, 常用不定式。
① To finish such a novel will take me several days.
读完这本小说需要花去我几天的时间。
② It’s impossible to get to Beijing in three hours this time, because there is something wrong with our car. 看来这次三个小时是到不了北京了, 因为我们的车出问题了。
在 “It is + 形容词(如necessary) + for/ of sb. ”的结构后, 通常用不定式作真正的主语。而 “It is no use/no good/a waste of time”后通常接ing形式。
It’s quite impossible to finish the work with so little money.
用这么少的钱想完成这项工作是不可能的。
② It’s no use asking him for help.
向他求助是没有用的。
There is no 结构后只能接ing形式。There is no knowing whether he is dead or alive. 无从得知他是死是活。
作表语
(1) 两者都可用作表语, 而且一般情况下可以互换。
His work is to paint houses. = His work is painting houses.
他的工作就是粉刷房屋。
表示具体的, 特定情况下的, 将来的动作, 通常用动词不定式。
Our homework today is to finish the exercises 2 and 3 on page 10.
我们今天的作业就是完成第10页的练习2和3。
(3) 主语与表语通常要保持形式一致。
To see is to believe. =Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
作宾语
(1) 有些动词后面只能用不定式作宾语，常见此类动词有：
ask, agree, beg, decide, determine, fail, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, set out, want, wish, expect, demand
① She decided to help him.
她决定帮他。
admit, advise, appreciate, avoid, can’t help, consider(考虑), delay, deny, enre, enjoy, excuse, escape, face, fancy, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, keep, keep on, mind, miss, mention, pardon, permit, practise, put off, risk, resist, suggest, understand等。
① The doctor advised taking more exercise. 医生建议多做运动。
② I suggest doing it in this way. 我建议这样做。
注意: 一些动词短语中含有介词to, 不要和不定式中的to混淆。常见此类短语:
be used to, come to, devote to, get down to, lead to, look forward to, pay attention to, refer to, stick to等。
①I really must get down to considering it seriously. 我真的必须认真考虑一下这事了。
② We are looking forward to seeing you again. 我们盼望着再次见到你。
有些动词后既可接ing形式, 也可接不定式, 而且意义上没有差别。常见此类动词: can’t stand, prefer, learn, continue等。
① I can’t stand seeing/to see good food going to waste. 我无法忍受看到好好的粮食被浪费掉。
② She continue to work/working after having a baby. 有了孩子后她仍然继续工作。
(4) begin, start后跟不定式或动名词皆可, 通常可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 只用不定式。
1) start, begin本身为时行时时。
The boy noticed his father was beginning to get angry, so he ran away. 那个小男孩注意到他的父亲开始生气了, 所以就跑开了。
2) 当主语为非生物名词或it时。
A strong wind started to blow.
一阵强风开始刮起来。
3) 当其后接表示心理活动的词时, 如understand, realize, know, see等。
He began to realize the importance of foreign languages.
他开始意识到外语的重要性。
4) 在hate, like, love后, 表示经常性, 习惯性的动词时, 通常用动名词; 表示特定的、具体的某次行为则用不定式。
I don’t like bothering him when he is busy. 我不喜欢在他忙得时候打扰他。
② I usually like staying with him, but I even hate to see him that night. 我通常喜欢和他在一起，但是那天晚上我甚至不想见到他。
(5) 在remember, forget, try, go on, regret, mean, stop, want, need, require等动词后既可接ing, 也可接不定式, 但含义不同。
1) remember to do记着去做(还没有做的事)
remember doing记得做过某事
2) forget to do 忘记要去做某事
forget doing 忘记了做的事
3) go on to do 继续做另一件事
go on doing 继续做(原来做的)同一件事
4) regret to do 遗憾将要做某事
regret doing 后悔做过某事
5) mean to do 打算做某事
mean doing 意味着做某事
6) stop to do 停止(正在做的事)去做另一件
stop doing 停止正在做的事
7) try to do 努力做某事
try doing 偿试着做某事
8) want to do 想要做某事
want doing 需要被
9) need/require to do 需要做某事
need/require doing 需要被
① Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.
离开时请记着关灯。
② Certainly I posted your letter—I remember posting it.
我当然给你寄信了, 我记得寄过它。
③ The machine needs cleaning.( needs to be cleaned).
这台机器需要清洁了。
作宾补
(1) 常见用不定式作宾补的动词。
allow, help, warn, ask, force, tell, expect, promise, wish, want
① We expected him to win an Olympic gold medal. 我们期盼他赢一枚奥运金牌。
② Tell him to come early.
告诉他早点来。
(2) 不定式(不带to)和动词ing形式都可在感官动词和使役动词(feel, make, let, see, hear, watch, listen to, look at, notice, observe)后作宾补。不定式强调动作发生了, 完成了; ing形式则强调动作正在进行。
① I saw a man walk into the garden and pick some flowers. 我看到一个男的进入花园, 摘了一些花。(进园摘花的动作已完成)
② I saw a man walking into the garden. 我看到一个男的正在进入花园。(walk这个动作在“我看的时候”正在进行)
③ We heard him sing a song at the party.我们在晚会上听他唱了一首歌。(他唱了一首, 我们完整的听了一首。)
④ I heard him singing a song when passing his window.
经过他的窗户时，我听到他正在唱歌。(我只听了一部分, 没有听完, 我过去后他可能还在唱）
(3) 不定式在感官动词和使役动词后作宾补时，在主动语态时，不能带to, 而变为被动语态时，要加上to。
① They saw him steal Tom’s money. 他们看到他偷了汤姆的钱。
② He was seen to steal Tom’s money. 他被看到偷了汤姆的钱。
作状语
不定式作状语, 通常表示目的, 结果, 有时也放在形容词、过去分词后表示原因; ing形式作状语时通常表示时间、原因、条件或伴随等。
① I’ve taken some money out of the bank to buy a laptop. (目的)
为了买手提电脑, 我从银行了取了钱。
② He hurried to the school (only) to find nobody there.(结果) 他匆忙赶到学校, 却发现那儿没人。
③ I’m glad to hear that.(原因) 听到那件事我很高兴。
④ Seeing the picture, he couldn’t help
thinking of those memorable days.(时间) 看到这张照片(的时候), 他情不自禁地想起了那些难忘的日了。
⑤ Not knowing his address, we couldn’t get in touch with him. (原因) 不知道他的地址, 我们无法和他取得 联系。
⑥ Working hard, you will get what you want. (条件) 努力工作, 你会得到你想要的东西的。
⑦ The baby was lying in bed crying. (伴随) 婴儿在床上哭泣。
Mole 5 Grammmar
状语从句
原因状语从句
结果状语从句
时间状语从句
地点状语从句
条件状语从句
让步状语从句
时间状语从句
1. 由when, whenever, as , while, after, before, until, till, since, once, as soon as, 等引导的时间状语从句。
1> When the bell rang, the guard was waiting in his seat.
2> While ants grow they change their forms three times.
3> Three months went by before Aqiao knew it.
2. 由the minute, the moment, the instant, the day, the week, the year, the first time, any time, every time, each time, the last time, all the time, from the time, by the time, immediately, instantly, directly 等引导的时间状语从句。
1> 我一见到你就认出了你。
I recognized you the minute I saw you.
3. 其中the minute, the moment, the instant, the second, 以及immediately, instantly, directly 表达的意思一样, 都是 “一…就…” 可以相互替换。
Eg: You must show the gentleman in immediately he comes.
You must show the gentleman in the minute /the moment/instantly he comes.
另外还要注意 hardly …when… ,scarcely…when…, no sooner…than…的意义和用法。
这三者的意思都是 “一…就…”. 通常都是hardly, scarcely, no sooner 位于句首,他们后面的主句用had done,且倒装.而when, than 后面的从句用一般过去时。
Eg: Hardly/scarcely had I got home when it started to rain.
when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句的区别。
1> 作为 “当…时”讲,when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用,而while 和as 只能和延续性动词连用。
2> when 从句的谓语动词可以在主句动词之前或之后发生或同时发生.而while 和as 从句的动词必须是和主句的动词同时发生。
When he had finished his homework, he took a rest.
When I got to the airport, the guests had left.
也就是说当主从句动作同时发生,切从句动作为延续性动词时, 三者可互换。
When/While/As she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter.
3> when 还有 “在那时” 通常用在以下句型中。
be about to do …when…
had done…when…
be doing…when…
be on the point of doing…when…
4> as 还有 “因为” “作为” “随着” “一边….一边”
As the time went on, the weather got worse.
The little girl sang as she went.
5> 在将来时的从句中常用when, 且从句必须用一般现在时。
You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.
6> when还用在表示 “一…就…”的句型中。
Hardly/Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang.
7> while 还做并列连词 “然而” 表对比。和从属连词 “尽管” 的意思, 相当与though/although。
While he is a little boy, he knows a lot.
I’m working while my wife is watching TV.
E. 新标准英语高中必修一必修二中的语法有哪些
有直接引语变间接引语，定语从句（限制性定语从句与非限制定语从句）——必修一，被动语态（将来时，现在完成时，现在进行时的被动——必修二
F. 高中英语必修二语法填空
1-protection
2-destroying
3-to
4-应该是一个含有 捕杀 的意思的单词
5-powerful
6-extinct/die out
7-resist
8-in harmony
G. 英语必修二的语法 需简练的。正确的。谢谢。
Unit1和unit5。非限制定语从句和定语从句。在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。定版语从句的作用权相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句，所以，也称作形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
Unit 2.~4被动语态。主要要看好动词和逻辑主语之间的关系。
H. 英语必修二语法主要有啥
形式主语、It+be+adj/n+(for sb.)+to do
形式宾语、主+胃+It+adj/n+(for sb.)+to do
强调句、It +be+被强调部分+that+句子剩余部分
还有就是每个单词的应回用答到的句型、、、
I. 高一英语必修二、三语法总结
一． 一般现在时
1. 表示主语现在所处的状态及其所具备的特征、性格、能力等
例如： am a girl.
2. 表示习惯性、经常性的动作
例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 标志性的词语
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助于为第三人称单数（he she it）则动词要用单三现
二． 现在进行时
1． 说话时正在进行的动作
例如：I am reading.
2.表示即将发生的动作，多用于go come start leave return arrive stay fly等词语之中，句子中常常有时间状语
例如：The plane is going to Beijing.
3.当句子中出现了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如：I am always thinking of you.
三． 倍数比较
1.A+系动词+倍数词+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如：The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系动词+倍数词+adj\adv的比较级+than+B
例如：The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系动词+倍数词+the size\amount(数量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如：The class is twice the size of that class.
四． With的复合结构
1． With+宾语+宾语补足语
宾语补足语根据逻辑意义的不同可以是不同的词语，如形容词、现在分词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、不定式等，with在复合结构中常作状语
2.常用结构
○1with+宾语+doing
表主动与进行
例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+宾语+done
表被动与完成
例如：With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+宾语+to do
表将来
例如：With so many thing to deal with.
五． 现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时
1．基本表达式（I have been doing ）
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2．表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中国有2000年的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去）
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续下去）
3．表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到，如同在电话里说的，还会继续等)
4．有些现在完成进行时的句子等同的句子。
例如：They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在这里已经工作五年了。
5．大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。
例如：I have been writing a book.（动作还将继续下去）
我一直在写一本书。
I have written a book.（动作已经完成）
我已经写了一本书。
They have been building a bridge.
他们一直在造一座桥。
They have built a bridge.
他们造了一座桥。
6．表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。
例如：I have known him for years.
我认识他已经好几年了。
I have been knowing...
这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：love爱，like喜欢， hate讨厌，等。
注意：比较过去时与现在完成时
1．过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
2．过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语
共同的时间状语:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
现在完成时的时间状语
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不确定的时间状语
3．现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如： I saw this film yesterday.
（强调看的动作发生过了。）
I have seen this film.
（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（强调起床的动作已发生过了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已从巴黎回来了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是团员的状态可持续)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。
（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六．过去完成时
1． 概念：表示过去的过去
其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2． 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3．过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如：He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七．现在完成进行时
1．其构成形式如下：
I / we / they have been + 动词的现在分词
He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词 功用如下：
2． 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动，如：
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3．表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动，如：
It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下)
Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently.
4． 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的行动，如：
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5． 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身，如：
Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意：
现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 现在完成进行时的否定结构 现在完成进行时有时也可用否定结构。
如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后，我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t has that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工作过，我和他没有过那许多接触。
6．否定句构成：
主语+has/have+not+been+现在分词
7．一般疑问句构成:
Have/has+主语+been+现在分词+其他
J. 请帮忙归纳一下人教版高中英语必修一必修二语法
定语从句
一、考点聚焦
1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语
2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后
Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.
3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词
（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：
①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.
②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit（them）in China.
4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词
关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。
关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。
5、确定关系词的步骤
（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。
（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
6、在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which
（1）先行词被①形容词最高级 ②序数词 ③数词几种词修饰或被 ④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。
（2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。
（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。
He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.
（4）先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。
The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.
（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时。
Which are the books that you bought for me ?
7、宜用which而不用that的情况
（1）在非限制性定语从句中
（2）在关系词前有介词时
（3）当先行词本身是that时
（4）当关系词离先行词较远时
8、关系词who与that指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词
（1）当主句是there be句型时，关系词用who。
（2）先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词用who。
（3）当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用that。
Who is that girl that is standing by the window?
（4）whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。
9、whose作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。如：
Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving ?
There is a room, whose window faces the river.
There is a room, the window of which faces the river.
10、关系代词as,在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。
（1）先行词被such和the same修饰，或句型as many（much）中，从句都用as 引导。
Such books as you bought are useful.
The school is just the same as it was 10 years age.
注意：区别①such … that … 引导的结果状语从句。They are such
lovely children that we love them much.②the same … that … 引导定语从句。I want to use the same tool that you used just now.
（2）无先行词的定语从句用as和which引导。
区别：①意义上：as 含有“这点正如……一样”。②位置上：as 从句可置句首，也可在另处。
He didn’t pass the exam, as we had expected.
There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.
As is known, the earth is round, not flat.
11、关系副词when与where、why、that
when 指时间 = in / at / on / ring which
where指地点 = in / at / from / which
why指原因 = for which
当先行词为way、day、reason、time时，可用that作关系副词。（非正式场合）
I don’t like the way that / in which / he talks.
当time作先行词时，关系词可以省掉。
This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.
12、必须注意的问题
（1）关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。
（2）注意区别定语从句与强调句。
①定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。
②强调it无意义，that / who不是引导词。
③强调it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。
It is the museum that / which we visited last year.(定语从句)
It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句）
（3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
①定语从句引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语。有时可省略。
②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分，不可省。
Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语)
We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定语)
（4）关系词在从句中省略的情况。
①关系词作宾语，前无介词时。
②关系词作表语。
（5）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。
（6）关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是which和whom。
（7）几个特殊的定语从句句型：
①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks
in the match.（句中one为先行词）
He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students为先行词）
②Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?
Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?
③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.
④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.