A. 高中英语倒装句的语法知识，具体例子，倒装句的几种类型……
描述:
主语和谓语是句子的核心，它们之间有两种语序：一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序（Natural Order）；二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序（Inverted Order）。而倒装语序中又有全部倒装（Full Inversion）和部分倒装（Partial Inversion）两种情况。
首先，在全部倒装的句子中，要把整个谓语放在主语的前面去而构成倒装语序。
例如：
There are large numbers of students in the lecture hall.
（在There be…的句式中，There只是个引导词而不是主语，真正的主语是后面作表语的名词或者名词短语。因此，There be…的句式都是全部倒装的句子。）演讲厅里有大量的学生。
When he ran to the door, there stood a mid-aged man with a lantern in his hand .
（此句是为了"描述情节的需要"，把倒装当着修辞的手段而写成了全部倒装句。句子的主语是a mid-aged man，谓语是stood 。）当他向房门跑去时，那儿正立着一位手里拿着一盏灯笼的中年男人。
另外，在部分倒装的句子中，只把谓语的一部分（如情态动词、助动词、或是系动词be）放到主语的前面去，构成倒装语序。例如：
Are you going to take part in the football match against Accounting Department on Friday afternoon? （句子的谓语是are going to take part，are是句子的谓语的一部分；句子的主语是you 。所以，此句是部分倒装的句子。疑问句都是部分倒装句。）你打算去参加星期五与会计系进行的足球赛吗？
Hardly could he finish his test paper when the school bell rang .（由于语法要求的原因，本句写成了部分倒装的句子。它的自然语序应该是：When the bell rang, he could hardly finish his test paper.）他还未做完试卷，下课铃就响了。
了解了倒装语序的构成情况后，我们再来看看倒装语序在各种不同类句子中的使用情况：
A. 在疑问句中
各种疑问句一般地说都是倒装语序。例如：
Will they come to see us this weekend ? 这个周末他们将来看我们吗？
Are you talking about the film you saw last Monday ?
你们是在谈论你们上周一看的那部电影吗？
Can you speak another foreign language except English?
除开英语，你还能说另一种外语吗？
Where did you buy the dictionary, in the book store nearby or in Xinhua bookstore?
你在哪儿买的这本词典，是在附近的书店还是在新华书店？
She is not a student, isn't she ? 她不是个学生，对吗？
B. 在感叹句中
某些感叹句也用倒装语序。例如：
Isn't it a beautiful garden ! 多么美丽的花园啊！
What a beautiful garden it is ! 多么美丽的花园啊！（在这种句式中，主语在谓语之前，属于自然语序。对于主语和谓语而言，语序没有倒装。）
Have you ever seen such a naughty kid like him !
你见过那个孩子像他这么调皮！
C. 在陈述句中
陈述句在一般情况下用自然语序；但由于英语语法的某些原因，陈述句也要使用倒装语序。这些原因大致可以归纳如下：
1) 为了避免句子部分内容不必要的重复，常用"so + be动词（助动词、情态动词）+主语"或"neither / nor + be动词（助动词、情态动词）+主语"的倒装句式。其中第一个句式表示"与前面所述的肯定情况相同"， 第二个句式表示"与前面所述的否定情况相同"。例如：
His brother is a college student; so is mine.
他弟弟是大学生，我弟弟也是。
His brother is not a college student; nor is mine .
他弟弟不是大学生，我弟弟也不是。
He used to have his further study abroad; so did I.
他曾去国外深造过，我也去过。
He didn't use to have his further study abroad; neither did I.
他没去国外深造过，我也没有。
One of my friends can speak three foreign languages; so can his wife.
我的一个朋友会说三门外国语，他的妻子也会。
One of my friends cannot speak three foreign languages; neither can his wife .我的一个朋友不会说三门外国语，他的妻子也不会。
They are now preparing for their final examinations; so are we .
他们正在为期末考试作准备，我们也一样。
They are not now preparing for their final examinations; nor are we .
他们没在为期末考试作准备，我们也没有。
2）具有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时（除否定词修饰主语外），句子一般要写成部分倒装句。这类词或短语常见的有：not, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, by no means, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time, no sooner … (than), hardly … (when), not only … (but also), not until… ,等。例如：
Hardly had she sat down when she heard someone knocking at the door .
她还没来得及坐下来，就听见有人敲门。
Not until twelve o'clock did he go to bed last night .
他昨晚直到十二点钟才睡觉。
Never have my sisters been to Hong Kong before .
我的妹妹们以前从未去过香港。
No sooner had I returned home from New Zealand than I bought a house and went to live there.我从新西兰一回国，就买了一栋房子并在那儿住下了。
So far as I know, seldom does Mary come back to see her mother.
就我所知，玛利几乎很难回来看她妈妈。
Scarcely a drop of rain fell here last fall . （否定词修饰主语时，句子不用倒装。） 去年秋天，这儿几乎没下一滴雨。
3）当so, often, only等表示程度、频率的副词放在句首时，句子一般要倒装。例如：
Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.
只有这样，你才有可能想出解决这个问题的办法。
So serious was the situation that everybody faced a test.
形势如此地严峻，每个人都面临着一场考验。
So hard did he overwork that he fell ill at last. 他太操劳过度以致最后病倒了。
4）当there, here, then, now等副词在句首，且谓语是come, go, be等动词时，句子一般要全部倒装。其意义在于引起他人的注意。如果这类句子的主语是代词，则不用写成倒装句。例如：
Now, here goes the story.这个故事是这样的。
Look, there comes the taxi.瞧，出租车过来了。
Then came another question.然后又一个问题提出来了。
Then followed the four-year War of Liberation.接下来是四年的解放战争。
5) 当out, in, away, up, bang等表示方位或拟声词放在句首时，句子一般要全部倒装。这类子比自然语序的句子更为生动、形象。但如果这类句子的主语是代词，则不用写成倒装句。例如：
Bang goes my ace.我砰地一下打出了"A"。(扑克牌中的点数)
Away flew the bird.那鸟飞走了。
Suddenly, in came a man with a mask on his face.
突然进来一个蒙着面具的人。
6) 其他情况还有：省略了if的虚拟条件句、某些表示祝愿的句子、以及某些让步状语从句，等等也要用倒装句式。例如：（省略了if的虚拟条件句）
Had they not helped us, we could not have done it so successfully.
如果没有他们的帮助，我们不可能把那件事办的如此成功。
Should he come, say "Nobody in" to him.
万一他来了,对他说："公司没人。"（某些表示祝愿的句子）
May our friendship last forever.愿我们的友谊常存！
May your company become prosperous.祝贵公司生意兴隆！（某些让步状语从句）
Try as I might, I couldn't lift the stone.无论我使多大的劲，我也无法搬起那块石头。
They said they would follow the Party's lead come what might.
他们说无论发生什么情况，他们都会跟党走的。
7) 由于修辞或是平衡句子的原因也可以用倒装句；也可以不用。这不是一条必须的规定。
Next to this one is another grand hotel which is beautifully decorated .
这家饭店隔壁还有一家装修华丽的大饭店。
On either side of the great avenue stood many block buildings.
这条大街的两侧都耸立着许多综合楼。（这类句子也可以不用倒装句。）
"I'm leaving for Beijing tomorrow," said Tom to his mother (OR: Tom said to his mother) .汤姆对他妈妈说："我明天动身去北京。"
Many block buildings stood on either side of the great avenue.
许多综合楼耸立在这条大街的两侧。
Another grand hotel, which is beautifully decorated, is next to this one .
这家饭店隔壁还有一家大饭店，那家饭店装修十分华丽。
“倒装句”在汉英词典中的解释(来源:网络词典)：
1.[Grammar] an inverted sentence; a sentence in inverted order
倒装句之全部倒装
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有：
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.
2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
Ahead sat an old woman.
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here he comes. Away they went.
倒装句
一.概念:
英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓误在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序
二.相关知识点精讲
按“主语+ 谓语” 这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（ 或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。倒装句分为：
完全倒装： 整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装 。
部分倒装： 只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装 。
三、作用
通常是希望强调句中的某一部分
1. 当以there, here, out , in , up , down, away 等副词开头的句子，为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。
Our teacher came in.
In came our teacher.
这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。
Here it is.
Away he went.
这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。
Here comes the bus.
Out rushed the boys.
2. how, then, just, often 表示时间的副词放在句首，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。
Then came 8 years of the Anti Japanese War.
3. 表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用倒装句式，以示强调。
这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置，不加助动词did, does或do.
Under a big tree ________, half asleep.
A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man sat
C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man
4. there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。
在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等。
There came shouts for help from the river.
There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.
Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.
In front of the tower flews a stream.
5. so + 动词+主语
neither/ nor + 动词+主语
表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。
否则要用so it is with…
You can ride a bike. So can I .
He has been to Beijing. So have I .
The first one isn’t good, neither is the second.
His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. So it is with his aunt.
6. so+ 形容词/副词that 的结构状语从句可以用正常语序表示，也可以把so+形容词/副词放于句首构成倒装。句型如下： so +形容词/副词+be/助动词/情态动词that +从句。
Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
= So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
So easy was the work that they finished it in a few days.
7. done做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。
Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.
8. 否定副词not , never, seldom, nowhere, little , rarely 放于句首时要用倒装句式。
We seldom get up at four in the morning.
= Seldom do we get up at four in the morning.
Not a single word from him could the enemy drag.
Rarely have I heard of such a silly thing.
9. hardly…when; scarcely…when…; no sooner…than… 可以用正常语序 had hardly done when… did 或用倒装句式Hardly had + 主语+ done when… did 句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。
The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.
No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work.
10. not only… but also 如连接两个成分时，不用倒装；连接句子时， 前面的句子要用倒装。
Not only was everything that he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship.
Not only is he busy, but also I have a lot of work to do.
Not only does he speak English very well, but also he speaks French well.
11. only 及所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，要用：
only+ 状语+ be /助动词/情态动词+主语及其他
Only when he told me the news did I know what had happened.
Only in this way can you make progress in your English.
12. 虚拟语气中的倒装句
If I were you, I would take the job. = Were I you, I would take the job.
B. 初中英语倒装句语法
初中英语语法
-
倒装句
英语句子的自然
语序
是
主语
在前
,
谓语
在后。把谓语放在主语之前,就叫做倒装。全部谓语放在主语之前,叫做全部倒装;只把部分谓语即
be动词
、
助动词
或
情态动词
放在主语之前,叫做部分倒装。
1.
存在句(there
be/
live/
stand/
lie/
seem等)需要全部倒装。如:
There
once
lived
an
old
hunter
in
the
house.
这所房子
里曾住过一位老猎人。
There
seems
to
be
many
listeners.
似乎有很多听众。
2.
副词here,
there,
now,
then等置于句首(经常与go,
come等
动词
连用),全句需要全部倒装。如:
Here
comes
the
bus.
公共汽车来了。
Now
comes
your
turn.
现在轮到你了。
注意:如果主语是
人称代词
则不用倒装。如:
Here
they
are.
他们在这儿。
3.
介词短语作为
地点状语
置于句首,
后面
如果有lie,
live,
sit,
stand,
come,
go等动词,全句需要全部倒装。如:
Into
the
hall
came
three
women.
大厅里走进来三位妇女。
In
the
east
of
the
school
lies
a
big
bookshop.
学校的东边有一个大的书店。
4.
当上文所表达的
含义
也适用于
另一个人
或物时,要用so/
neither/
nor+be/
助词/
情态动词+主语;此时谓语的
时态
、
语态
应与前句谓语的时态、语态相一致。如:
-I
have
finished
my
homework.
我已经做完作业了。
-So
has
he.
他也做完了。
-I
haven’t
seen
that
film.
我没看过那部电影。
-Neither
(Nor)
have
I.
我也没有。
5.
not
only...
but
also...连接两个并列句,且not
only置于句
首时
,前句需要部分倒装。如:
Not
only
did
he
dislike
the
way
we
spoke,
but
he
disliked
the
way
we
dressed.
他不但不喜欢我们说话的方式,而且也不喜欢我们着装的方式。
C. 英语中的倒装句用法
大体可把倒装句分为以下几种情况：
一． 全倒装
1． here,there,up,down,in ,out,away,off,now,then等表方向，时间的副词位于句首是，句子常用全倒装。这些句子的谓语动词常是come,go ,lie,live,stand,sit ,seem,remain 等不及物动词。这个结构不用进行时。There stand a tower by the lake.
Now comes your turn.
In he came and the lesson began.
2.当表示方位的介词短语放句首时，句子需全倒装。Under the table lies a wounded young man .
3.表语提到句首需用全倒装，这样往往是因为主语有较长修饰语。
Gone are the days when we used oil lamps.
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.
4．直接引语位于句首时，句子需用全倒装 ，结构如：asked Mary,answered John,said the old lady等。但当主语是人称代词，需用正常语序。”What do you mean?”he asked.
二． 半倒装：
1． 否定意义副词nor,neither ,rarely,never,scarcely,little,hardly,seldom,at no time,by no means,in no way,on no accoune,nowhere,not until,no sooner …thanhardly…when,not only…but also,neither…nor及表示频度的副词：often ,once,many a time,now and then 放句首时，用半倒装。
Seldom does he go to the cinema.
Hardly had he finished his work when he went ot watch the match.
2.only+状语放句首时，句子需半倒装。
Only in this way can you improve your English.
Only because there was some leftover bread did he get some food in the end.
3.so/as 表示“也“时，或so/such…that…的句子中，so 修饰形容词、副词或such修饰名词放句首时，句子需半倒装。
I enjoy swimming ,and so does my brother.
So fast did they run that I couldn’t catch up with them.
4.用于省略了if的非真实条件句。这类句子中有were,had,should等词时，把were,had ,should置于句首 。如：Were I you ,I would refuse to do it.
5.特殊形式的倒装。在as引导的让步状语从句中，要用倒装：
Child as she is ,she knows a lot.(Child 前无冠词a)
Cold as it was,we still went out.
D. 英语语法 倒装句
only 加状语放句首，句子半倒装。例如 only in this way can you finish this work. only on the top of the hill did he see the village. only at night will you watch the stars with your eyes....
though 和as 引导倒装的方式一样。有表语内 表语提容前，没有表语状语提前，没有状语，谓语提前。例如
young as/though he is , the boy still can solve this problem
hard as /though he works, the boy ...
tried as /though he , the boy..
E. 英语中倒装句的语法问题
6:全部倒装句1Here,
there,
out,
in,
up,
down,
now,
then等副词放于句首,句子全部倒装.There
goes
the
bell!
=
the
bell
is
ringing!Here
comes
the
bus
=
the
bus
is
comingOut
rushed
the
students
on
hearing
the
cry
for
help
in
the
darkness.Now
comes
your
turn
to
make
a
few
remarks
here.Away
ran
the
thief
the
moment
he
saw
the
policemen.Then
came
the
hour
we
had
been
looking
forward
to.注意:(1)在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词,象go,
come,
rush等(2)主语如是代词不倒装Away
he
went全部倒装句2方位状语在句首,句子全倒装:In
front
of
the
house
stopped
a
police
car.Nearby
were
two
canoes
in
which
they
had
come
to
the
island.全部倒装句3;
adj
/
V-ing
/
V-ed
(+地点状语)
+
be….Present
at
the
meeting
were
the
manager,
all
the
designers
and
the
writer.Sitting
at
the
back
of
the
classroom
were
several
old
teachers,
listening
attentively
to
the
new
teacher.Gone
are
the
days
when
farmers
live
at
the
mercy
of
nature.半倒装句1否定副词或否定短语在句首,句子半倒装,如:little,
never,
hardly,
rarely,
seldom不常,很少;难得
形容词,
not
at
all,
by
no
means等.Never
did
China
have
a
power
shortage
that
affected
so
many
areas
and
caused
so
much
loss.At
no
time
was
the
man
aware
of
what
was
happening.Little
did
I
understand
what
he
said
to
me
at
that
time.It’s
beyond
description.
Nowhere
else
in
the
world
can
there
be
such
a
quiet,
beautiful
place.Not
a
single
mistake
did
he
make
in
the
exam.By
no
means
(=
Not
at
all
)
are
these
works
of
art
satisfactory.半倒装句型:2
not
only……
but
also……Not
only
is
better
ecation
important
for
improving
ourselves
but
also
for
developing
our
society.They
suggested
not
only
should
we
attend
the
party
but
also
give
a
performance.If
we
continue
using
too
much
underground
water,
not
only
will
the
land
sink,
but
also
sea
water
will
come
in.半倒装句型3:
neither,
nor
放在句首“If
you
don’t
attend
to
your
sick
mother,
neither
will
I
,”
said
his
wife
in
red-hot
anger.------why
didn’t
you
buy
it?------Neither
was
the
price
satisfactory,
nor
did
the
color
agree
with
me.Without
international
cooperation,
developing
countries
cannot
prosper,
nor
will
sustainable
development
be
possible.半倒装句型4
:
only
+
状语放在句首,主句半倒装Only
by
changing
the
way
we
live
can
we
save
the
earth.Only
by
learning
to
live
in
harmony
with
nature
can
we
save
the
earth.半倒装句型5
:
many
a
time,
often,
once
in
a
while
等频度副词放在句首Many
a
time
has
he
given
me
a
hand
when
I
was
in
trouble.Now
and
then
will
he
be
late
for
school
and
be
scolded
by
the
teacher.Often
have
we
seen
these
boys
do
good
things.半倒装句型6
:
so/as
+
助动词+主语
……也……A
better
understanding
of
the
environment
is
necessary,
so/as
is
the
willingness
to
act.He
believed,
as
did
his
family,
that
you
were
telling
the
truth.In
the
past
20
years,
our
society
has
changed
a
lot,
so/as
have
our
eating
habits.So
+
主语
+
助动词.
表肯定已有的观点或事实-----we
have
all
worked
hard
these
days.-----so
we
have.
F. 英语中的倒装句的用法有哪些啊
在英语中，我们把主语在前谓语动词在后的句子叫陈述句，把谓语动词放在主语前面的句子叫倒装句。如果全部谓语放在主语之前，叫完全倒装；如果只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。
I. 完全倒装
1. 用于 there be 句型。
例如： There are some students in the classroom.
教室里有几位学生。
There is a tall tree in front of the classroom.
教室的前面有一棵大树。
2. 用于“ here （ there， now， then ）＋不及物动词＋主语”的句型中，或以 in， out， up， down， away 等副词开头的句子里，以表示强调。
例如： Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。
Out went the children. 孩子们出去了。
注意：
（ 1 ）主语是代词时，主语和谓语不倒装。
（ 2 ） here ， there 放在句首通常用一般现在时。
Here it is. 给你。（你要的东西在这儿。）
Here he comes. 他来了。
3. 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时，也常将其全部倒装。
例如： South of the city lies a big steel factory.
城市南边有一家大型钢厂。
From the valley came a frightening sound.
从山谷里传来了可怕的声音。
4. 表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”：
（ 1 ）形容词＋连系动词＋主语
Present at the meeting were Mr Li， Mr Wang and many other teachers.
出席会议的有李老师、王老师和其他很多老师。
（ 2 ）过去分词＋连系动词＋主语
Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.
我们使用洋油的日子一去不复返了。
（ 3 ）介词短语＋ be ＋主语
Among the goods are books， exercise-books， pens and some other things.
在所有的货物中有书、练习册、钢笔和其他东西。
5. 用于 so， neither ， nor 开头的句子，表示重复前句的部分内容。原句的谓语应与前句的谓语的时态、形式相一致。
例如： He has been to Canada. So have I.
他去过加拿大，我也去过。
You can't speak French. Neither can she.
你不会说法语，她也不会。
6. 为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或是上下文紧密衔接时。
例如： They arrived at a small village， in front of which was a big river.
他们来到一个小村庄，村庄前面是条大河。
Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens.
在金字塔里面有埋葬国王和王后的墓室。
II. 部分倒装
1. 用于疑问句。
例如： Do they work in the factory？
他们在这家工厂上班吗？
2. 用于省略的虚拟条件状语从句。
例如： Had I seen him yesterday wouldn't go to his house now.
如果我昨天见到他了，我现在就不去他家了。
3. 用于“形容词（或名词、动词） +as （ though ）”引导的让步状语从句中。例如： Young as he is ， he knows a lot.
他虽然很年轻，但知道很多。
Try as he would， he might failed again.
他虽然可以试试，可能还会失败。
注意：如果从句的表语是名词，其名词前无形容词时，不用冠词；若有形容词要用冠词。
Child as he was， he had to make a living.
他虽是个孩子，但得糊口。
A bad -tempered man as Mr Chen is， he loves us deeply.
陈老师脾气不好，但他深深地爱着我们。
4. 用于 no sooner … than … ， hardly … when 和 not until 等句型。
例如： No sooner had I come in， the telephone rang.
我刚进屋，电话铃就响了。
Not until 12 did he go to sleep.
直到 12 点他才入睡。
5. 用于 never， hardly ， seldom， scarcely， barely， little， at no time， not only 等开头的句子。
Never shall I do this again. 我绝不会再做此事。
Seldom does he come late. 他很少迟到。
6. 用于“ only ＋状语”开头的句子。
Only in the way can we learn English well.
只有这样我们才能学好英语。
Only then did he know he was wrong.
直到那时他才知道他错了。
7. 用于“ so ＋形容词 / 副词”放在句首的 so … that 句子。
例如： So young is the boy that he can't join the army.
这孩子没到参军的年龄。
So fast is he running that he can keep up with the bike.
他跑得快得能跟上自行车。
G. 倒装句 英语语法
第一题，句子的搭配是 be injured 这里的injured 是被动语态，也可理解为表语，应该与be动词搭配，而不是助动词！
第二句不是倒专装句，而是省略句，完整的是属，unless a beam of light was made to do so with the help of a reflecting device .省略了主语和谓语动词
句意是，一束光是不会弯曲成折角的，除非通过反射装置的帮助才可以！