英语虚拟语气语法提议

『壹』 虚拟语气的各种用法

1、主语从句中的虚拟语气

主要取决于某些形容词和过去分词，用来表示建议、命令、要求、惊异和失望等。其形式为：(should)+动词原形。

2、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气

在表示建议、命令、主张、目的和愿望等名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词要求使用虚拟语气。其形式为：(should)+动词原形。

3、宾语从句中的虚拟语气

某些动词后所接宾语从句中的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气，用来表示建议、命令和要求等。其形式为：(should)+动词原形。

4、错综、混合虚拟语气

通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。

混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。混合虚拟语气还有一种情况就是事实和虚拟假设的混合句，这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不同，而重要是事实和假设的混合。

5、含蓄虚拟语气

因为有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在，常用的词语有with, without, but for, otherwise, or，even, in case of, what if(如果…将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句 (考试时多数情况是对过去的假设)。

『贰』 英语中的虚拟语气，很不好理解

虚拟语气详解
在英文句子中，谓语动词的语气是用来表示说话人对所讲内容的态度、看法以及心情等。 英文句子中谓语动词的语气有三种：
A）直陈语气（The Indicative Mood）直陈语气用于直截了当地陈述事实、描述状态： He has published quite a number of essays this year .他今年已发表了好几篇论文。
B) 祁使语气（The Imperative Mood）祁使语气用于提出请求、命令、建议或是劝告等： Wait outside until you are asked . 请在外面等候，请你进再进去。 Let's just take a break, shall we ? 我们休息一会儿，好吗？
C) 虚拟语气（The Subjunctive Mood）虚拟语气用于表示主观愿望和假设的虚拟情况。虚拟语气不太顾及事实的存在，它表现出说话人的主观因素比较多。所以说话人所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的；或是其实现的可能性微乎其微，甚至于没有实现的可能性。当然，有时为了使说话的语气客气、缓和、委婉，也使用虚拟语气。
例如：
I wishyou were more careful .但愿你更细心一些。
If I had more money, I would buy a bigger apartment. 我要是有再多一点钱，我就买一套更大一些房子。 Would you mind shutting the door ? 劳驾您把门关上。
用于非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 条件句分为两种：真实条件句和非真实条件句。
与现在事实相违背
If I had time, I would certainly join you in the tennis match. （事实是：我没有时间）我要是有时间肯定和你一起打这场网球比赛。
If I were you, I would put her suggestion into account.（事实是：我并不是你）我要是你，我会考虑她的建议的。
与过去事实相违背
If I hadn't been caught by something, I would have come to your party yesterday.(事实是：我昨天被某些事缠住了) 我昨天要不是被些事缠住了，我就会去参加你们的聚会了。
If he had taken my advice, he might not have made such a bad mistake. （事实是：他没有听我的建议）要是他听进了我的劝告就不会犯这么严重的错误了。
与未来事实相违背
If I should have a chance to try it, I would do it in another way. （假设的情况不大可能发生）要是我有机会试一试，我会用另一种方法做的。 Even if they were to fail, they wouldn't lose courage. （说话人不希望假设的情况发生）即使他们万一失败，他们也不会泄气。
熟悉并掌握好下面的基本句式：
条件从句主句 与现在事实相违背 过去式（动词是BE用were） Should / would + 动词原形
与过去事实相违背 had + 过去分词 would / should + have +过去分词
与未来事实相违背 1) should + 动词原形2) were + 动词不定式3) 过去式（动词是BE也可以用were） would / Should + 动词原形
1. 省略If的几种情况
1）当条件状语从句的谓语部分含有had、should、或were时，就将这样的词had、should、或were搬到句首把句子写成倒装句而将连词if省略。
例如：
If you were the manager here, what would you do? Were you the manager here, what would you do? 你若是这里的经理，你会怎么办？
If he should act like that again, he would be fired immediately. Should he act like that again, he would be fired immediately. 要是他再那样做，他会被立即解雇的。
2) 由某些介词短语取代了if引导的条件状语从句。
例如：
Without air, there would be no life on the earth. 要是没有空气，地球上就不会有生命了。
But for your help, the little boy would have been drowned. 要是没有你们的帮助，那个小男孩早就淹死了。
We could have done the work better in that case. 要是那样的话，我们本可以把工作干得更好一些的。
3) 由上下文的交代而省略了if引导的条件状语从句。在这种情况下，上下文事实上就是一个表示违背事实的条件句。上下文如果是由一个句子介绍的，那么这个取代了if条件状语从句的句子应该用直陈语气；而起主句作用的句子则要用虚拟语气。
例如：
He would have come to see you earlier but he just came back from his business trip .（本句中的上下文是：but he just came back from his business trip，表示：要是他在家没出差的话）他本来早就来看你了，可他却出差刚刚回来。
But that you helped me, I would have failed in the experiment. （本句中的上下文是：But that you helped me，表示：要不是有你帮助我）要没有你帮助我，我的试验本做不成功的。
2. 虚拟语气用于某些从句中的情况：
1）在主语从句中在It + be +形容词/ 名词 + that从句的结构中，由于某些形容词/ 名词的原因，that从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟式"should + 动词原形"或是"动词原形"。
这类形容词/ 名词常见的有：essential（绝对必要的）, important（重要的）, advisable（明智的）, desirable（希望能够的）, imperative（必须的）, natural（自然的）, necessary必要的）, regretful（遗憾的）, strange（奇怪的）, proper（适当的）, urgent（紧急的）, ty（义务、责任）, a pity（遗憾）, no wonder（难怪）, a regret（遗憾）,
例如： It is strange that he ( should ) say so .他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。
It is a great pity that you ( should ) think so . 他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。 It is natural that a bird ( should ) rest in trees . 鸟在树上安歇是很自然的。
It is necessary that he be sent to Beijing right away. 有必要立即派他去北京。
另外，下列结构中主语从句的谓语动词也要求用虚拟语气：
It is ordered that …(根据命令、要求……) , It is proposed that …(人们建议……) It is desired that … (最好、需要……) , It is requested that … (人们要求……) It is suggested that … (有人建议……) , It is recommended that …(有人推荐……) It is demanded that …(根据要求……) , It is decided that …(已经决定……) It is arranged that … (已经安排……) 等等。
例如：
It is ordered that all the troops (should) withdraw three miles away. 根据命令，所有部队撤至三英哩以外。
It is arranged that he leave for Canada on Friday. 照安排，他星期五动身去加拿大。 It is suggested that the English evening be held on Saturday. 有人建议，英语晚会周六举行。
2)在宾语从句中某些动词后面，宾语从句的谓语要求用虚拟式。宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟式"should + 动词原形"或是"动词原形"。
这类要求宾语从句的谓语用虚拟式的动词，常见的有： command（命令）, demand（要求）, desire（希望）, insist（坚持）, order（命令）, propose（提议）, recommend（推荐）, request（要求）, require（要求）, suggest（建议），等。
例如：
He proposed that we ( should ) set a dead line for the complement of the plan . 他提议拟定一个执行计划的期限。
They requested that we ( should ) send a delegation to their country. 他们请求我们派一个代表团到他们国家去。
I suggested that he ( should ) set off for our headquarters straightaway . 我建议他马上动身去我们的总部。
另外，wish和would rather / sooner that …后面的宾语从句，其中谓语动词的形式和对应用法如下表所述：
谓语动词的形式用法
过去式-------表示当时未能实现的愿望、意愿
过去完成式---表示过去未能实现的愿望、意愿
过去未来式---表示未来不大可能实现的愿望,意愿 （注意下列例句：wish自身的时态并不影响从句谓语动词的形式。）
I wishthat I knew something about programming. 我希望我懂一点程序设计就好了。
I wished that I knew something about programming. 我当时希望我懂一点程序设计就好了。 They wish that they hadn't said it to us. 他们希望他们没有对我们说过那件事。
They wished that they hadn't said it to us. 他们当时希望他们没有对我们说过那件事。 I wish that you would get younger and younger .但愿你越来越年轻。
The manager would rather that his secretary went to the meeting instead of him .经理宁愿他的秘书代替他去开会。
He would sooner that he hadn't born until ten years ago .他宁愿他十年以前才出身。
3) 在表语从句和同位语从句中下面这些名词的后面所接的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟式"should + 动词原形"或是直接用"动词原形" ：
idea（想法）, suggestion（建议）, motion（动议）, proposal（提议）, order（命令）, recommendation（推荐），advice (建议) , instruction (指示、指令)等等。
例如：
The instruction was that nobody be allowed to go to sleep until further orders.（表语从句）指示要求，任何人不得在接到进一步的命令之前去睡觉。
My suggestion is that he leave for London at once . （表语从句）我的建议是他立即动身去伦敦。
What do you think of his proposal that we ( should )put on a play at the English evening? （同位语从句）他建议我们在英语晚会上演一个剧,你觉得怎么样？
4) 在状语从句中在某些状语从句中，要求谓语动词要用虚拟式"should + 动词原形"或是"动词原形"。以as if 、as though（似乎，仿佛）引出的方式状语从，如果表示真实情况应该用直陈语气；如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气, 其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。
例如： He took his umbrella with him lest it rain. （目的状语从句）他带了雨伞，以防下雨。
I'll keep a seat for you in case you should change your mind. （目的状语从句）我给你留个座，没准你会改变主意。
They burned all the important documents for fear that they fall into the enemy's hands. （目的状语从句）他们将所有的重要文件都烧毁了，以免它们落于敌人之手。
Though everyone desert you, we will not .（让步状语从句，这是间或的用法。）即使所有的人抛弃了你，我们也不会。 As long as a volume hold together, We don't care much about its outer appearance .（条件状语从句，这是间或的用法。）只要一本书不拆开，外表怎么样我们并不太在意。
This, if the news be true, will mean a lot to us. （条件状语从句，这是间或的用法。）如果这消息是真的，那对我们来说就太重要了。
I can still remember the whole thing in great detail as though it were yesterday.（方式状语从句）这一切我记忆犹新，仿佛就是昨天发生的事一样。
They are talking as if they had been friends for years. （方式状语从句）他们谈话的那股亲热劲就如同是多年的老朋友似的。
5) 在It is (high) time that…从句中在这个句型中的that…从句里，无论何时、何人称，其谓语动词都用"过去式"。
这个句型表达的意思是"该是……的时候了"。
例如：
It is time that we got ready for the final examination.该是我们为期末考试作准备的时候了。 It is high time that we had our lunch. 该是我们吃午饭的时候了。
It is time that he made up his mind. 该是他作出决定的时候了。
6) 在If only…从句中 "If only…从句"表示一种愿望或是向往的假设，其意义是"要是……就好了"、"但愿……"。
这个句型中的语序是正常语序，不倒装。另外，其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。
例如：
If only she could understand my real feelings. 要是她能了解我的真实想法就好了。
If only my mother had survived the disease and lived till now. 要是我妈妈没有死于疾病而活到现在就好了。
If only he would fine a satisfactory job after his graation. 但愿他毕业后找到一份称心如意的工作。
3. 虚拟语气用于其他情况 首先，虚拟语气常用于表示客气、委婉的说法。它之所以能表示客气、委婉的意思，就是因为它的语气是虚拟的；也就是说，讲话的人有意识地将其所说的内容虚拟化，从而给听话人在是否接受所听到的内容方面留有较大空间、余地；而至于使听话人在是否接受所听到的内容方面感到有压力或是强迫感。从这个意义上讲，虚拟语气比直陈语气，祈使语气更为客气、委婉、礼貌。
例如： Could you tell me the way to the nearest shopping center ? 你能告诉我去最近的购物中心的路吗？
Would you mind lowering your voice? 请你小声点儿，行吗？
Perhaps you could get better results this way .你这样做效果或许要好一点。
Which seat might I take? 我可以坐哪个位子？
其次，在一些公式化的句子里也常用虚拟语气。这些公式化句子的谓语常用两种句式，即："动词原形"或是"may + 动词原形"(后者常用倒装句式)。
例如：
God bless you! 上帝保佑你！
So be it then! 那就这样吧！
May the friendship between our two peoples last forever.祝愿我们两国人民的友谊万古青。
Come what may, we'll solve the problem by ourselves.无论发生什么情况，我们都要自己解决这个问题。
4.错综时间非真实条件句中的虚拟语气在非真实条件句中，我们在条件句和主句中所用的虚拟语气句式是相对程式化的。
If the boy hadn't been saved this afternoon, his family would not be in peace now . 如果那个男孩今天下午没有被救，他的家现在就不会如此安宁。
If the machine were in good conditions, we would have used it in our last experiment. 要是这台机器情况良好，我们上次就将它用于试验了。
If you were to visit Hainan in two days, I could arrange some of my friends there to meet you at the airport. 假如你过两天去海南，我现在就可以安排我在那儿的朋友去机场接你。

『叁』 英语中的虚拟语气

耐心地把这看完，你会对虚拟语气有个透彻的了解。

第一部分：语气的定义和种类

1 语气(mood)
语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2 语气的种类
⑴、陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如：
①There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。
②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗？
③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊！
⑵、祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如：
①Never be late again!再也不要迟到了。
②Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。
⑶、虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如：
①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。
③May you succeed!祝您成功！
虚拟语气在语法里算得上是个难点。让我们就从最简单的开始吧。

第二部分：简单句中的虚拟语气

一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中。如：
⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？
⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。
二、表祝愿。
1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。
⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好运！
⑵、May you be happy!祝你快乐！
⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就！
⑷、May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
⑸、May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
⑹、May you be happy. (注意那个be ) 祝你幸福。
2、用动词原形。例如：
(1).Long live the people! 人民万岁！
(2).“God bless you,”said the priest.牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！”
(3).Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！
三、表示强烈愿望。（该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形，第三人称单数也不加“s”）
(1).God save me．
(2).Heaven help us．
四、表命令
1.命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you)，而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。
2.句子尾通常加上感叹号：！
3.虚拟语气动词用一般现在时态(Simple Present)，如：work, be , go
4.否定形式的命令语气，可用助动词do，加上not。
(1). Work !
(2). Work harder !
(3). Be more alert ! (虚拟语气动词Be)
(4). You go out !
(5). Do not work so hard. (do not 表示否定的虚拟语气)
(6). Don't be afraid. (口语中常用don't 代替do not)
五、在一些习惯表达中。如：
(1).You’d better set off now.你最好现在就出发。
(2).I’d rather not tell you the secret.我情愿不告诉你这个秘密。
第三部分：名词性从句中的虚拟语气
第一节：宾语从句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虚拟语气
一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。
一）、对现在情况的虚拟（与现在的事实相反）：
从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例：
1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道)
2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能)
3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能)
4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家)
5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood)
现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂)
6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不和我们在一起)
二）、对过去情况的虚拟（和过去的事实相反）：
用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。例：
1. I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadn't wasted so much time.
我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了)
2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance.
他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去)
3. We wished he had spoken to us.
(wished，had + spoken)(事实上他并没同我们讲)
4. I wish you had called earlier.
(wish, had + called)(事实上已迟了)
5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.
(will wish,had + listened)(事实上并不如此)
例题分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept
动词wish后面接从句，表达不可能实现或与事实相反的情况时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即用过去式（表示现在发生的动作）或过去完成式（表示过去发生的动作）。本题后半句谓语动词have用的是过去时had
to get up and come, 所以前面要用过去完成时表示过去发生的动作。所以, 选项A)could have slept是答案
三）、对将来情况的虚拟(表示将来的主观愿望)：
从句动词"would/should/could/might + 动词原形"(时间上较后)(请注意：主句和从句的主语不相同)。用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。例：
1. I wish it would stop raining.(虚拟动词would+动词原形stop)
我希望雨能停止。(事实上雨还在下着呢)
2. I wish you would be quiet.(would + be)
我希望你安静一些。(事实上那家伙还在吵着呢)
3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive)
你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到)
4. I wish she would change her mind.(would + change)
我希望她会改变主意。(呵呵，女孩子可没那么容易就改变主意喔)
5. He will wish we would join him the following week.(would + join)
(只是希望我们和他在一起，实际上还没在一起)
四）、注意：
1.如果将wish改为过去式wished, 其后that 从句中的动词形式不变。例如：
I wished I hadn't spent so much money.
我要是那时没有花掉那么多钱就好了。
2. 如果that 从句中用would , 一般表示对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求
I wish he would answer my letter.
I wish prices would come down.
I wish you would help me.
I wish you would stop asking silly questions.

二、在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该或不应该怎样，这些词语后面的“that”从句应用虚拟语气，且均以“should+动词原形”表示这种语气，但事实上“should”常被省略，故此从句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有：
表示“要求”的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg
表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：move, prpose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote
表示“决定、命令”的：decide, order
表示“主张”的：maintain, urge
表示“同意、坚持”的：consent, insist
例如：
1.The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.
2.He insisted that we (should ) tell him the news.
3.When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, “The razor and water do the job. ”(当我建议他用刮胡膏时，他说“剃刀和水就行了”。)
4.He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. (他费了几天功夫寻找理论根据，直到我建议拆开看看它是如何转动的。)
5.One can suggest that students should spend two or three years in an English

『肆』 英语中使用虚拟语气的口决“一坚持，二命令，三建议，四要求”具体是哪些单词

insist advice supose 等等吧 哎呀 反正我们上课都讲好几次了 我也从不记笔记 现在毕业了 玩这多天都忘了 你随便问一个英语老师 应该都知道

『伍』 英语虚拟语气的一坚持二命令三建议四要求

坚持 insist

命令 order command

建议 suggest advise recommend

要求 ask,demand,request,require

虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非内客观存在的事实，所陈容述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

(5)英语虚拟语气语法提议扩展阅读：

英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。

虚拟语气的应用条件：在表示假想的虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。

即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。主要是英语语法的一种表达。

『陆』 请问英语虚拟语气的用法

IF I HAD TOLD YOU THE TRUTH,HE WOULD NOT HURT.

IF YOU WORK HARD NOW,YOU WERE TO GET MASS OF MONEY.

I REALLY WISH THAT HE WERE TO BEIJING

『柒』 英语 虚拟语气语法

虚拟语气
1、在非真实条件句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。非真实条件有以下三类：
（1）与现在事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下：
从句：过去时 主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形。如
If I were you, I would ask our teacher for advice.
如果我是你的话，我就请教老师。
（2）与过去事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下：
从句：过去完成时 主句：would/should/could/ might +have+动词过去分词。如
If I hadn't taken the wrong bus, I wouldn't have missed the contest.
如果我没有搭错车，我就不会不参加竞赛。
（3）与将来事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下：
从句：过去时/should /were to +动词原形 主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形。如
If I had enough money next month, I would buy a of "The Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English".
如果我下个月有足够的钱，我就会买一本《现代高级英语学习词典》。
（4）混合时间条件句：主句和从句不一定用指同一时间的动词。如
If I had learned French, I would be able to interpret for our French friend.
假如我以前学过法语，现在就能给我们的法国朋友当翻译。
（注：if从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；而主句与现在事实相反，用would+动词原形。）
（5）含蓄条件句：有时假设的条件不通过条件从句来表示而含蓄在介词短语或上下文中。如：
Without the warmth and light of the sun, the earth's vegetation would die almost immediately.
没有太阳的热量和光，地球上的植物几乎会马上死去。
2、虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用：
（1）用于suggest, order, insist, demand等动词后的宾语从句，如
We suggested that they (should)make a trip to Hong Kong next year.
我建议他们明年去香港旅游。
（2）用于wish后的宾语从句
①与现在事实相反的愿望
句型：主语+wish+从句（主语+过去时…）
I wish I were you.
但愿我是你多好呀。
How I wish it wasn't raining!
现在要是不下雨该多好啊！ （我多么希望现在不下雨。）
②与过去事实相反的愿望
句型：主语+wish+从句（主语+过去完成时…）
I wish I had learned more.
我多么希望我以前多学一些啊！
He wishes he hadn't made the big mistake.
他要是不犯那个大错误该多好啊！
③与将来的愿望相反（愿望难以实现）
句型：主语+wish+从句（主语+过去将来时…）
The last chance has been lost. How he wishes he could have another chance.
最后一次机会失去了，他多么希望他能再有一次机会啊！
（3）用于as if (as though)引导的从句
在as if (as though)引导的从句中，如果谈论的是不可能或不真实的情况，它们所引导的表示虚拟性比喻或方式的状语从句要用虚拟语气。动词形式和wish后面的从句中动词形式变化相同。
He speakes English as if he were an Englishman.
他说起英语好象他是个英国人似的。
They talked about the city as if (though) they had been there before.
他们谈论那座城市，就好像他们以前去过那儿似的。
He stood up as if (though) he would speak.
他站起来好像要发言似的。
注意：当as if (though)引导的从句用于动词seem, appear, look, sound, smell等后面时，as if (though)从句的谓语有时依句意需要，也可用陈述语气，表示说话者认为有可能是事实的事。试比较：
It seems as if she knew me.
好像他早就认识我似的。 （事实上他不认识我。）
It seems as if she knows me.
好像他认识我。 （事实上他认识我的可能性很大。）
（4）用于in order that ,so that引导的目的状语从句。如
The professor spoke slowly in order that the listeners could hear hem clearly.
教授说的很慢，好让听众听清楚。
（5）用于It is (high) time引起的从句。如
It is time we stopped this practice.
现在是结束这种做法的时候了。

『捌』 英语虚拟语气具体语法。谢谢

虚拟语气应该是强制性的知识点三个第一和第二单元。
下的虚拟语气两个常规测试点：

一，名词性从句应该做的结构，应该被忽略。在名词性从句，如果存在“命令，建议，要求，计划”字，无论什么名词性从句时，需要使用虚拟语气的。如：

他建议我们（应）完成任务的时间是宾语从句，提出了“建议”的意思。另一个例子是在表语从句中使用的词：。

他的建议是，我们（应）完成任务的时间

在本节中，关键是要注意：如果句主语和被动动词之间的关系，那么他们会使用（应该）做结构，就像同样的情态动词的被动形式。如：

他下令任务（应该）按时完成

在虚拟语气第二个条件状语从句。子句和主句的动词有严格的要求，具体如下：

子句，则主句

而现在正好相反：没有/被会/可以/应该/可以做

和过去的相反的：做了会/可以/应该/可能有母鹿

和未来的相反：没有/是做/应该做会/可以/应该/可以做

例如：如果当时你不帮我们，我们不能完成它的工作原理。

如果你没有帮我们的话，我们就不能完成该项目。 （相对于过去）。

如果我是你，我会用另一种方法。

如果我是你，我会用另一种方式来做到这一点。 （现在的对面），短语，要注意，我用的是。尽管受试者是单数，一般假设语气过去时，不能使用了。

这些是基本的规则，当然，还有很多其他的。如：

我希望....这种结构是宾语从句在名词性从句，但它使用上述相同的虚拟语气是不是和我在一起。这句话，时态的宾语从句走了一步过去。即：如果相反，与过去时，如果和过去相反，在过去使用时已完成，如果违反了现在和将来与过去的未来。

这样的：我希望我是一只鸟，现在相反

我希望我之前和过去相反..

要将所有没有浪费了很多时间关于具体的，比较难，我建议你看看下面的语法书系统的通话效果会更好。

『玖』 英语中使用虚拟语气的口决“一坚持,二命令,三建议,四要求”具体是哪些单词

、在一些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令等含义的动词后面的宾语从句中,谓语动词版用动词原形或\"should ＋动词原形\"表示虚权拟语气.这类动词有ask,demand, insist,order,propose,move,desire,require等. 给你几个例句：例如： 1）They demanded that the aggressor troops（should）be withdrawn immediately．他们要求立即撤出侵略军.
2）I moved that he（should）be discharged for his serious mistake．我建议,由于他犯有严重错误,应解除他的职务.

『拾』 英语的虚拟语气

现将虚拟语气在条件句中的各种具体形式和用法分述如下：1、对现在的虚拟，表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去式（be的过去式用were.而主句中的谓语动词用would (should, could, might) + 动词原形。见下表：条件状语从句的动词形式主句的动词形式If+主语+动词过去式(be的过去式were.在口语等非正式场合中，I，he，she，it等后面也可用was.但在If I were you中，一定要用were，不能用was.I (we)should+动词原形主语+would (might,could)十动词原形1、例句：If I were you, I should study English. (fact: I am not you, so I shall not study English.)If he had time, he would attend the meeting.(fact: He does not have time, so he will not attend the meeting.)If they didn’t take physical exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy. (fact: They take physical exercises every day, so they are very healthy.)If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning. (fact: You often go to bed late, so you are always sleepy in the morning.)If this were the case, it would be very awkward.(fact: This is not the case, so it is not awkward.) Now let’s do some translation: 要是没有虚拟语气，英语就会容易多了。If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be much easier. 如果我是你，我就在房屋周围种些树。If I were you, I would (should) plant some trees around the house.如果我把头发染成蓝色，人人都会笑话我。If I dyed my hair blue, everybody would laugh at me. Or: I would (should) be laughed at by everybody. 要不是她这么忙，她就会出席今天下午的会议了。If she were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon. 2、对过去的虚拟，表示与过去的事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句的谓语动词用would (should, could, might)+过去分词。见下表：条件状语从司的动词形式主句的动词形式If+主语+had+过去分词i(we)should+have+过去分词主语+could (might,could)+have ＋ 过去分词 3、表示与将来事实相反的假设，对将来表示怀疑，或将来的动作不太可能实现时，条件状语从句和主句的谓语动词有以下形式：（见表）条件状语从句的动词形式(三种)主句的动词形式(1)if十主语+动词过去式(be的过去式用were)，通常要与一个表示将来的时间状语连用.(2)If+主语(任何人称和数)+should+动词原形(3)if+主语(任何人称和数)+were to+动词原形I(we)should+动词原形主语+would (might, could)+动词原形请看以下句子：1）If it rains tomorrow, our picnic will be put off. (说明：The weather has been very changeable these days.) 条件状语从句的谓语动词用现在时，表示说话人认为下雨的可能性很大。2）If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. (说明：The weather has been very good these days.) 条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去时，表示说话人认为下雨的可能性不大。3）If it should rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. (万一明天下雨，我们的野餐就推迟)。条件状语从句的谓语动词用should＋动词原形，说明下雨的可能性很小或没有可能，如果下雨，那将是出乎意料的。4）If it were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.这句话与上一句意思几乎一模一样。If you should fail, what would you do?要是我明天真的见到她，我就把真相告诉她。If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth.万一明天下雨，会议就推迟。If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.我打赌巴西会赢得世界杯。要是巴西输了，我就请你搓一顿。I bet Brazil will win the World Cup. If it should lose, I would treat you a meal.4、当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。这与以上三种情况不同，虚拟语气的谓语动词形式没有遵循以上规律。For example:If you had worked hard, you would be very tired. (从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在。)If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.If I were you, I would have gone home. Now let’s do some translation:如果她过去没有刻苦训练的话，就不会跑得这么快。（从句动作指的是过去，主句指的是现在的情况）(Fact: She has trained very hard, so she is able to run very fast now.)If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast.5. 以上句型可以转换成以下形式：1）条件状语从句省略if：在书面语中，如果条件状语从句的谓语中有were, had 或should, 就可以省略if, 并将were, had 或should 放到句首，谓语主语之前，用 “Were/Had/Should + 主语”的形式。这种虚拟语气在意义上与带if 的条件状语从句相同。当然，如果从句没有were, had, 或should,就不能省略if.Now let’s look at some examples:If I were to do it, I’d do it some other way. →Were I to do it, I’d do it some other way.If you should fail, try again. →Should you fail, try again.If you had been here earlier, you would have seen him. →Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.但是，If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.这句话if 就不能省略。而且，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略了if的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可以说：Were it not for the expense, I would go to Italy.但不能说：Weren’t it for the expense, I would go to Italy.Please do not use “if”：如果我是你，我每天早上就早起床。Were I you, I would get up early every morning.要是明天有会议，我就会来。Should there be a meeting, I would come.2）用介词短语代替条件状语从句。（可以改为条件状语从句）。例如：Without air, there would be no living things.But for your help, I couldn’t have done it.Without electricity human life would be quite different today. Now let’s do some translation. 请用介词短语代替条件状语从句。要不是你的帮助，我就失败了。But for (except, without) your help, I would have failed.如果没有恰当的控制手段，核反应堆就会爆炸。Without proper means of control, a nuclear reactor would explode.3）用其他方式代替条件状语从句（可以改写为条件状语从句。）例如：It would proce bad results to do that. 用动词不定式 =If you did that/should do that, it would proce bad results.She would have come, but she wasn’t informed, nor invited. （用but.）=She would have come, if she had been informed or invited.A more responsible person would not have left the work half done. 一个更负责的人是不会把工作做到一半就不管的。(用比较级) ＝If you (he, she) were more responsible, you (he, she) would not have left the work half done. 我应该早点写完这封信，但我一直很忙。 I should have written the letter earlier. But I have been very busy. 要能登上珠穆朗玛峰，那经历该多棒！It would be a fantastic experience to climb up to Mount Everest. 6、虚拟语气省略条件从句或主句表示虚拟语气的条件句的主句或从句有时可以省略，而省略部分的含义仍有所体现。1）省略条件从句，如：It would be very nice.You could have done it yourself. (省略If you had wanted to.上下文可以看出You didn’t want to.) (Fact: You didn’t do the work yourself because you didn’t want to.)I wouldn’t smoke. (省略If I were you.) (表面上说我，实际上说你。这是一种委婉的表达法。（Fact: You smoke very often. I advise you not to smoke any more.）2）省略主句：在强调条件从句时，常省略主句，这种句子常表示一种“已不能实现”的愿望，主要用于If only 引导的感叹句中。For example:If only he were here!If only I knew more!If only he had stayed with us! Now let’s do some translation:要是我听了他的建议就好了！If only I had taken his advice!我如果是一只鸟就好了！If only I were a bird.快用If only 造三个句子，表达你的愿望！If only I could live in a big apartment!If only I were a billionaire!If only I could marry her/him! （二）虚拟语气的其他句型和用法1、用在“wish+宾语从句”中，表示很难实现或不能实现的愿望，可以翻译为“但愿…”, “悔不该…”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语动词用过去式；表示将来的愿望，从句的谓语动词用“would (could)+动词原形”；对过去的事情表示愿望，从句的谓语动词用 “had+过去分词” 或“could + have + 过去分词”。Wish 后面的宾语从句必须用虚拟语气，不管这个愿望是否能实现。如：I wish it were Spring all the year round.I wish you could go with us.We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier. Now let’s do some translation using “wish”:我要是Jane 就好了。I wish I were Jane.他真希望自己生活在中世纪。He really wishes that he were living in the Middle Ages.但愿北京整年是秋天。I wish it were autumn in Beijing all the year round.要是你能同我们一起过寒假就好了。We wish you would spend the winter vacation with us.我要是没有买这辆车就好了。I wish I had not bought this car. 注意：wish 与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。Wish表示很难或不大可能实现的愿望，宾语从句用虚拟语气。请比较：We hope we will succeed. (We don’t know if we will succeed.)We wish we would succeed. (We know we can hardly succeed.)2、用在as if/as though,或even if/even though引导的从句中: 这时，如果从句中表示的动作发生在过去，则谓语动词用had＋过去分词形式；如果指的时现在的状况，则用过去式(be用were)；指将来则用would(should, could)+动词原形。这里只看从句动作发生的时间，与主句的时态没有关系。3、在It is (high) time (that)…句型中，后面的从句的谓语动词常用过去式(be的过去式用were), 或用should+动词原形(should 不能省略)来表示。这句话的意思是“（现在）该…”。For example:It is high time that you got married.It is time that I bought a car.Now it is time that you made some sentences by using this pattern. Think about what you should do now. 该你用这个句型造几个句子了。It is high time that I should lose some weight.It is time that I bought an apartment.It is time that we took a rest.4、在 I would rather (that)…句型中，后面的从句的谓语动词用过去式(be的过去式用were)。这句话的意思是“我宁可…”，表示说话人的意愿。I’d rather I were in the rain now.I’d rather you did not tell him.5、用在suppose开头的祈使句中，从句的谓语动词变化与as if后面的动词变化规律相同，用过去式、过去完成式、或过去将来式。意思是“假如…”，但suppose 是动词，不是连词。如：Suppose the boss walked in. What should I do?Suppose Saddam had not been captured. What would the U.S. do?Suppose Chen Shui-bian should declare Taiwan independent. What would China do?6、用在for fear that或lest引导的从句中，表示“怕…”“万一…”等意思。从句的谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should 可以省略。如：7. 在表示建议、要求、命令等意思的动词，如arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest, beg, move（提议）后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形，should 可以省略，而引导宾语从句的that 不能省略。医生建议，即使在节假日人们也不应该熬夜。Doctors suggest that people should not stay up late even on holidays. ：suggest 表示“暗示”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。Insist后面强调的是事实时，宾语从句也不用虚拟语气。如：The neighbor suggested that his wife was having an affair.He insisted that he was right.Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.8、使用上述表示建议、要求、命令等意思的动词派生的名词，或在这些动词用作名词时，名词之后的从句用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should 可以省略。从句的引导词that 不能省略。这与上述第7项类似。如：Our suggestion is that ecation not be instrialized. = We suggest that ecation not be instrialized.The president’s decision is that the war against terrorism be launched at the right time. =The president decided that the war against terrorism be launched at the right time.9、上述动词在It is suggested that…, It is required that…, It’s requested that…, It’s ordered that…, It’s arranged that…句型中，that 之后的从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用should+动词原形, should 可以省略，但引导词that 不能省略。如：It was suggested that he attend the conference.It was requested that the trial be openly reported.10、在It’s important (imperative, necessary, essential, vital, desirable, advisable, better) that…句型中，that 引导的从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用should ＋ 动词原形,should可以省略。这个句型表示说话人的意见、要求等。For example:It is desirable that your wedding be postponed until next July.It is imperative that the board chairman be present at the board meeting.