由于题干抄中主谓宾俱全，所袭以后面的分词结构只能是状语，就算从逻辑意语上看有解释说明advertising的意思，但它从语法上看不可能是定语或同位语，因为同位语或定语成分一般都要紧跟被修饰的对象。除非硬把它放在advertising后面。如 in conclusion, advertising, not only ...but also..., plays an essential role in society. 相当于 advertising that not only make ... but also ... plays an.... 这样写显然头重脚轻，改成原句读起来更加通顺。
但现在关键是分词结构在本句中就是放在句末而不是句中，那就无法把其视为定语或同位语成分了。这里比较合适的是作为结果状语，作为对其"重要作用或角色 "的补充说明
Ⅱ 英语写作文时语法错误很多，该怎么处理
平日多读多听，会对写作有帮助。
Ⅲ 英文论文写作中的语法问题
1. 主语和谓语的单数和复数要一致
英语中名词有它的单数和复数形式，动词也有它的单数和复数形式，二者要一致。单数主语(subject)名词要用动词(verb)的单数(singular)形式，复数主语名词要用动词的复数 (plural)形式。我们写中文的不太习惯英语的这种写法，很难做到不假思索地配对，需要特别留心才能不出错误，特别是当主语名词和动词被分开时。试看下面的例句：
A high percentage of peptides that are made of amino acids are present in the sample.
A high percentage才是真正的主语，而不是邻近的amino acids, 所以应该用单数形式。
宜改为：A high percentage of peptides that are made of amino acids is present in the sample.
让事情更复杂的是英语名词被分为不同的种类，其中的一类叫集合名词。它既可以当单数用词也可以当复数用。集合名词当整体来讲时是单数，每个成员作为个体时用复数。
2、修饰语同主语名词关系上要一致
当用动名词、分词短句和不定式短句作修饰语时，修饰语中的动词要同主句中的主语名词关系上要一致。
科技杂志论文中有这种语法错误的情况较多。严格来讲这只是种语法错误，一般不影响对句子的内容的理解，所以很多作者不太注意。编辑和阅稿人有时也没有严格要求改正。比如下面就是Nature杂志2006年第439卷中的一个例子。
Using the enhancer GAL4/UAS expression system, short-term memory traces of aversive and appetitive olfactory conditioning have been assigned to output synapses of subsets of intrinsic neurons of the mushroom bodies.
1) 动名词
After finishing the purification, the activity of the isolated compound was then studied.
We or I是动名词finishing 形式上的主语，同主句的主语activity不一致。
宜改为：After purification was finished, the activity of the isolated compound was then studied.
或：After finishing the purification, we studied the activity of the isolated compound.
Treated with the new drug, the blood cholesterol levels of participants were lowered by an average of 30%.
宜改为：Treated with the new drug, participants showed an average of 30% decrease in their blood cholesterol levels.
2) 分词短句
The iron concentration was determined using the Fenton reaction method.
The iron concentration同using the Fenton reaction method关系上不一致。
宜改为：The iron concentration was determined by the Fenton reaction method.
或：We determined the iron concentration using the Fenton reaction method.
When measuring the atmospheric level of carbon dioxide, air samples from a remote place, such as an island, is preferred.
宜改为：When the atmospheric level of carbon dioxide is measured, air samples from a remote place, such as an island, is preferred.
3) 不定式短句
To further investigate the potential role of biking in causing infertility, an expanded population of biking athletes was surveyed.
不定式短语的形式主语是we or I，同主句主语population不一致。
宜改为：To further investigate the potential role of biking in causing infertility, we surveyed an expanded population of biking athletes.
To confirm the diagnosis, blood test was ordered.
宜改为：To confirm the diagnosis, the doctor ordered blood test.
3.主语和主语的行动(谓语)在逻辑上要一致
由于一些中文和英文的表达方式不同，把中文直接翻译成相应的英文会不讲 . 一个经常被引用的语句是“price is cheap ”。中文可以说价格便宜，但英文只能说价格高或低。物品可以说cheap or expensive. 用中文的表达方式来写英文，会出现主语和主语的行动在逻辑上不一致。在写一个句子时要注意行动的真正主语名词是什么。下面是一些例子：
The highest antibiotic proction was obtained at 48 h.
不是proction而是proction yield.
宜改为：The highest antibiotic proction yield was obtained at 48 h.
The scavenging activity for hydroxyl radicals was based on Fenton reaction.
不是activity而是assay of activity
宜改为：The assay of scavenging activity for hydroxyl radicals was based on Fenton reaction.
The pharmacological compounds of ginseng were identified.
药物活性化合物应该是：pharmacologically active compounds.
宜改为：The pharmacologically active compounds of ginseng were identified.
4、代名词和其代理的先行词要一致
代名词和其代理的先行词要在人称，单数或复数，和性别上一致。一些常见的代词是：he, his; she, her; it, its (单数); they, their, these, those (复数); that, this (单数). 比如下面的例句中，compounds和their一致，protein和it一致。
Many related compounds were synthesized and their antivirus activities were studied. Growth hormone is a protein. It promotes human body growth.
下面的例句中,the 应该用 their 取代 .
The potential antioxidant capacity of compound A and compound B could be deced from the protective effects against oxidative stresses.
宜改为：The potential antioxidant capacity of compound A and compound B could be deced from their protective effects against oxidative stresses.
用代名词时，除了要保持一致外，还要避免代理不清的情况出现，以免不清楚它们到底指什么而引起误解。
The crude sample was dissolved in water and extracted with organic solvent. It was then evaporated to yield the proct.
It指organic layer还是指water layer？不明确，最好不用it.
宜改为：The crude sample was dissolved in water and extracted with organic solvent. The organic layer was then evaporated to yield the proct.
During meal hormones are released after which blood flow increases in the stomach.
Which既可以代表meal也可以代表hormones, 容易产生误解 .
宜改为：During meal hormones are released. After their release stomach blood flow increases.
5、位置的强调作用
在英语写作中，若要强调某件事情，就把它放在句子的前面。中文写作中，有关句子的条件，时间等的修饰句都是放在前面，而主句总是放在后面。而英文中即可以把条件或修饰句放在前面，也可以放在后面。放在前面就表示你要强调修饰句的条件。比如：
Before the hurricane arrived, most of the people have moved out.
Most of the people have moved out before the hurricane arrived.
在英语中两种位置关系都可以。前者强调在hurricane来之前，后者强调moved out. 而在中文中，只有一种说法，反过来说“大多数人都离开在hurricane来之前”就不对了。按中文的位置关系直译成英文，往往会不确切。同样按英文的位置关系直译成中文也是怪怪的。我上小学的孩子回家来喊“我要吃冰激凌今天，我没吃好长时间了”，就是英文“I want ice cream today. I have not eaten it for a long time.”的直接翻译。
科技写作中，一般还是把主句先写出来，除非你想强调修饰的是条件。
Through scavenging free radicals, antioxidants play an important role in protecting against complex diseases.
宜改为：Antioxidants play an important role in protecting against complex diseases through scavenging free radicals.
In microbial fermentation, phosphorus is commonly the major growth-limiting nutrient.
宜改为：Phosphorus is commonly the major growth-limiting nutrient in microbial fermentation.
主动句中事情的执行者(作者)放在前面，有强调事情的执行者(作者)的意思，而不是要研究的事物。被动句强调要研究的事物，这也是为什么科技论文中被动句用得比较多的原因之一。
We studied their effects on cell growth. 强调We.
Their effects on cell growth were studied. 强调Their effects.
6、修饰词和被修饰词要邻近
科技写作要求严谨，明确。为了严格定义一个事物，往往要加上限制性的修饰词或短句.比如描写实验用的mice时，一般不会只说mice，而是用类似“NCI-H23 tumor bearing female athymic nude mice”的描述。前面有5个修饰词来定义研究用的mice这时一般把最窄的定义写在最前面，最广的定义写在后面.修饰语要靠近同被修饰的对象。因修饰语和被修饰的词被隔开，而造成意思混乱的情况很多。下面是一些例子。
Inhibition of Acid B on xanthine oxidase was also reported.
Inhibition of 后面应紧跟xanthine oxidase，而不是Acid B, 隔开后句子就很难读 .
宜改为：Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by Acid B was also reported.
The chelating activities for ferrous ion of the Acid B were assessed.
The chelating activities后面应紧跟Acid B, 而不是ferrous ion.
宜改为：The chelating activities of the Acid B for ferrous ion were assessed.
Recing power represents the electron donating capacity, which may serve as a significant indicator of potential antioxidant activity.
Ⅳ 如何克服中学英语写作中容易犯的语法错误
主谓不一致，人称与动词不符。例如：
My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. (误)
My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. (正)
上面例句中，主语是My sister ，为第三人称，所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式goes才正确，这种主谓不一致的错误在写作中是很常见的问题，稍一疏忽就会犯，考生需要更加细心才行。
句子成分残缺不全，语句不通。例如：
We should read books may be useful to us. (误)
We should read books which may be useful to us. (正)
这是一个定语从句的例句，其中which在从句中做的是主语，所以不能省略，一旦省略就会造成句子成分残缺，考试中大家在写完一句话时要记得读一遍看看通不通顺。
句子成分多余，累赘复杂。例如：
This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you. (误)
One test ends, but another is waiting for you. (正)
这一句的错误有点中式英语(课程)的味道，逐字逐句对应翻译，there is 放在这里，累赘而又繁琐。
希望能帮助到你，望采纳！
Ⅳ 想练英语写作，可不懂语法写的根本不通……
我提一点学习语法的意见。
听力对单词要求比较高，不只是要能认出，还要能听出。你如果单词量很好，不需要很好的语法也可以听明白大致的意思。但听力对学习语法帮助不大。
关于语法学习：
如果对英语了解不够多，那么语法书看起来很难懂，而且非常难记。
那么怎么算是对英语了解呢？就是要多看。想要学语法，首先要阅读（泛读）足够量的英文文章，从简到难。这其中肯定会遇到很多不懂得语法结构和问题，随着阅读量的增多，你慢慢会发现有些有的语法结构出现很多次，这是的盲区，也是很重要的而且经常会用到的结构。这时再去学习这方面的语法，就很容易吸收，因为已经积攒的很多这方面的句子。当然这个泛读过程的时间不是固定的，比如今天读了五篇文章，相同的语法结构碰到了10次，那么当然就可以去弄清楚这个语法知识。日积月累就会发现语法问题越来越少。
语法书应该当成词典来用。而不是当成教材，从第一章一直学到最后一章。因为他有重有轻，比如分句很重要，情态动词的用法很重要，包括分词。这对理解句子都是非常关键的。而至于各种词性，词的用法，还有虚拟语气这种很难理解又应用不多的可以后学。最主要就是根据自己的情况，挑最重要的来学。
语法只是写作(说话)过程中辅助工具。它不是主体而是各支架，它需要有内容才会起作用。语法是根据内容提练出来的规则。英语国家的人从来不学语法，他们照样说的很好，因为他们了解很多很多的内容。当然我们无法接触到向他们那么多的内容，所以要学习语法，但内容是量是非常重要的。
个人意见，希望对你有帮助。
Ⅵ 如何减少英语写作中的语法错误
这个问题，首先要有良好的语法基础，找本语法书看看，再者word 文档对于检查语法错误很有帮助，把你要写的打上去，不对的地方会有横线标出来
Ⅶ 英语句子写作语法问题。
points you remain confused about 省略了定来语从句关系代词源 that （= points that you remain confused about）。被定语从句修饰的先行词 points 在从句中做 confused about 的介词宾语。
you remain confused about points 和 you remain confused 意思不一样。前者有因何事 you remain confused；而后者只是说 you remain confused。
confuse 为及物动词，它的宾语是 you。不过，在这个句子中，confused 可以作为形容词解释。you remain confused = you are still confused.
Ⅷ 我写英语作文总是分不清语法问题，每次写作文 总感觉语法没什么问题，结果老师一批，全是错的，我们老师
主谓一致是指主语与谓语在数上要一致。把握主谓一致问题，考生主要解决的是对不同结构的主语单复数的认定，进而选择适当的谓语。解决主谓一致主要遵循三个原则：
语法一致原则
意义一致原则
就近一致原则
很多情况下应该综合利用这三个原则来处理主谓一致，在不同情况下可能应用三个原则中的不同原则，具体应用哪种原则应该视具体情况而定。总结如下：
一.谓语动词用单数的情况
1.动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句做主语，谓语用单数。如：
Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the cones that fit him or her.
(1987年考研题)
To understand the situation completely requires more thought than has been given thus far.
2.表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时，谓语用单数。
Two weeks was too long
Five times five makes twenty five
3.一般用and连接的两个单词或短语做主语时候，谓语用复数，但是下面用and连接的主语表示一个概念，谓语用单数：
law and order 法制 soap and water 肥皂水
a cup and saucer 茶杯碟子 fork and knife 刀叉
the needle and thread 针线 trial and error 反复尝试，不断摸索
horse and carriage 马车 time and tide 岁月
bread and butter 奶油面包 the ebb and flow 盛衰，潮涨潮落
如： If law and order not preserved, neither the citizen nor his property is safe.
A. is B. are C. was d. were
答案：A。
4.表示学科和某些疾病名称的名词是复数形式，作主语时候谓语动词用单数形式
Linguistics is a branch of study on human language.
5.有些名词形式上是复数，意义上是单数，根据意义一致原则动词用单数
The chaos was stopped by the police
The news is a great encouragement to us
A series of debates between the lectures was scheled for the next weekend.
6.用and 连接的成份表示一个单一概念时候，动词谓语用单数形式
Bread and butter is our daily food
Time and tide waits for no man
二. 谓语用复数情况
1. 由and, both …and, 连接的并列主语，和both ,a few, many ,several 等修饰语后面谓语动词通常用复数形式。
Few people know he and I were classmates when
Ⅸ 如何减少英语写作中的语法错误
学好语法是关键，另外，还要多背范文。 高中英语语法通霸打包下载 高中英语作文大全打包下载 http://pan..com/s/1sjqtsoX
Ⅹ 英语写作常见语法错误，比如run on sentence,misplaced/dangling modifier,wordy expression等
英语写作常见语法错误
1.主谓不一致
Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective. (误)
Some think that reading should be selective. (正)
My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. (误)
My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. (正)
2.句子成分残缺不全
We always working till late at night before taking exams。(误)
We are always working /We always work till late at night before taking exams(正)
We should read books may be useful to us. (误)
We should read books which may be useful to us. (正)
3.句子成分多余
This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you. (误)
One test ends, but another is waiting for you. (正)
The driver of the red car was died on the spot. (误)
The driver of the red car died on the spot. (正)
4.词类混淆
It is my point that reading must be selectively. (误)
In my opinion, reading must be selective. (正)
Honest is so important for everyperson. (误)
Honesty is so important for everyone. (正)
5.动词时态、语态的误用
I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. (误)
I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. (正)
We have little time to read some books which we interest. (误)
We have little time to read some books in which we are interested. (正)