① 初二下英语1到4单元语法重点总结!!!
http://wenku..com/view/90e18d2c0066f5335a812139.html
② 英语初二下册的全部语法
1. so+谓语+主语:…也一样. 谓语:be动词/助动词/情态动词
2. so+主语+谓语:的确如此,真的这样.
3. help yourself/yurselves to...请随便吃点...
4. 发现sb做 : find sb doing sth
5. 不完全同意I don’t really agree.
完全不同意I really don’t agree.
6. 或者..或者...either…or…..就近原则
既不..也不..neither…nor….就近原则
既....又...both…and….谓语用复数
7. 看起来,似乎It seems/seemed that…..
8. 由于...而闻名be famous for….
9. 餐馆就餐用语:a table for two/sit at the table by the window/here’s the menu/May I take your order?/could we have the bill?/That’s all.
10. 问路Which is the way to…/where is…/How can I get to…/Is there a..near here/Can you tell me the way to…/Can you tell me how I can get to…?
11. turn right at the third crossing/traffic lights在第3个路口往右拐=take the third crossing on your right
12. 过桥go across the bridge=cross the bridge
13. 走到路的尽头go up this road to the end=go on until you reach the end.
14. at the street corner在街角
15. on sb’s way to….在sb去…的途中/路上
16. what’s the matter?=what’s wrong?=what’s the trouble?怎么了?
17. be sick in hospital/in bed 生病住院/卧床
18. Maybe it is there=it may be there可能在那里.
19. It takes/took/will take sb+时间+to do sth. Sb做sth花费了…时间
20. 路途遥远It’s (5 kms)far(away) from…=That’s quite a long way.
21. wait for…等待
22. 五分钟的步行/驾驶路程:five minutes’ walk/drive
23. 迷路lose sb’s way/sb be lost/sb get lost
24. just then=just at that time/moment就在那时
25. 首先first of all=at first
26. a big city like Tokyo像东京这样的大城市
27. It’s easy/interesting/important/ (for sb) to do sth.(对sb来说)做sth是容易的/有趣的/重要的.
28. if 条件状语从句:从句一般现在时,主句一般将来时。如:If it rains tomorrow, I will not go to the zoo.
29. at the head /end of…在…的前/尾部
30. 我的背很疼. My back hurts badly.
31. 为…做准备get /be ready for…
32. stop sb (from) doing sth.阻止/不让sb做sth
33. have a good/wonderful time=enjoy oneself 玩得很高兴
34. answer in a tired voice/with a smile 用疲惫的声音/面带微笑回答。
35. quarrel with sb on sth 为了sth与sb 吵架
36. complain about sth 为…而抱怨,投诉
37. 生病用语:sb have a headache=sb have a pain in the head 头痛,have a cough 咳嗽,have/catch a cold 感冒,have cancer 得了癌症。
38. have /take the medicine three times a day 吃药,每天3次
39. take sb’s temperature 量体温,look over 医生检查病人
40. drink more water 多喝水,take more exercise 多锻炼
41. sb醒来: sb wake up, //sb 醒着的:sb be awake
42. sb 睡着了入睡 be/fall asleep
43. 忙着…bu busy doing/with sth
44. as soon as… 一… 就 ...
45. sleeping pills安眠药,light music 轻音乐
46. again and again 再三地,一次又一次
47. dream about…梦见…; dream of… 梦想成为…
48. 系动词+形容词: be/smell/taste/sound/look/feel/turn/get/become
49. make trouble制造麻烦,惹是生非,make a noise 制造噪音
50. every five minutes 每隔5分钟
51. instead/instead of…代替,取而代之,反而
52. write to sb. 写信给sb
53. get enough sleep 睡眠充足;stay happy 保持心情开朗
54. on time 准时;in time 按时
55. sb had better (not) do sth, sb 最好(别)做sth
56. land on …登陆
57. pull…out of..=pull…up from…拉上来
58. 不定代词:something/anyone/nobody/everywhere等
59. we’re all by ourselves=we’re alone.单独,独自
60. feel a little afraid/don’t be afraid. 有点害怕/别害怕
61. perhaps=maybe也许,可能
62. not …until… 直到…才…
63. sooner or later 迟早,早晚
64. ran after追//ran to …向..跑去// ran away 逃跑了
65. eat up 吃光// use up 用完
66. take (good) care of ..=look after…照顾,保管
67. 我自学英语learn English by myself= teach myself English
68. learn to do sth 学会…
69. 记日记 keep a diary,写日记 write a diary
70. leave sb by oneself 单独留下sb
71. join in the League/Party 入团/党
72. 越来越…:比较级+and+比较级; more and more +多音节词。如:bigger and bigger , more and more interesting
73. 越…, 就越…: the +比较级,the +比较级。 如:越大越好:the bigger, the better
74. turn on/off 开/关(电器),turn up/down音量开大/小
75. the whole story=all the story整个故事,整件事情
76. 过了一会儿after a while/moment
77. make faces 做鬼脸
78. 名胜,景点interesting places=places of interest
79. my hometown in Zhejiang 我浙江的老家
80. 暑假summer holidays; 五一假期 May 1st holiday
81. a strong wind大风;in the wind 在风里
82. make sb do sth. 使/逼迫sb做sth
83. 倒装句(为了强调)There he is./ Away he went.
84. with these words. 说完这些话,说着说着(伴随状语)。
85. I don’t know how to use it yet. 我不知道怎样使用它。
where to go. 我不知道该去哪里。
what to do. 我不知道该做什么。
86. wait for sb’s turn to do sth 等着轮到sb做sth
It’s sb’s turn to do sth. 轮到sb去做sth
③ 新目标八年级英语下册1至4单元语法重点
Unit 4 How do you get to school?
一.短语归纳
1. take the subway to … = go to … by subway 搭地铁
2. take the train to … = go to … by train 坐火车
3. take a bus to … = go to …by bus = go to … on a bus 乘坐公共汽车
4. take a taxi to … = go to … by taxi 坐的士
5. ride a bike/ bicycle to… = go to … by bike/ bicycle 骑自行车
6. walk to… = go to … on foot 步行
7. take a car to… = go to … in a car= go to … by car 坐汽车
8. get to school 到达学校get to=arrive in/at=reach 到达 (in加大地方at加小地方)
9. 10 kilometers from school 离学校10公里(远)
10. from…to… 从…到… from his home to school 从他家到学校
11. how (用于提问状态和交通工具) 怎样
how long 用来询问时间的长度(用于提问时间段 多长(时间)) 或物体的长度
how often (用于提问频率) 多久时间一次
how far (用于提问距离) 多远
how many 用于提问数量) 多少
how much(用于提问数量/价钱) 多少/多少钱
how soon“过多久”,用来询问某事要在多久以后才能发生
12. have a quick breakfast 快速地吃早餐
13. leave for school 出发去学校
14. the early bus 早班车
15. take sb. to school 带某人去学校
Then the early bus takes him to school.然后,他乘坐早班车到学校
16. bus ride 搭公车的路程
17. bus stop 公车亭
18. bus station 公车站
bus stop 是指小站,bus station指大的站,比如汽车站。现在的英语 尤其是美式英语里,二者的区分不是太细。
19. train station 火车站
20. subway station 地铁站
21. think of 认为
22. around the world=all over the world 遍及全世界
22.the school bus 校车
23. in North /South America 在北/南美洲
in the north/south/east/west of American 在美国的北/南/东/西部
24. on the school bus 乘/坐校车
25. in other parts of the world 在世界上的其他地方
26. the other (两者中的)另一个
27. others = other (students) 其他的(学生)
28. things are different 情况不同
29. be different from 与…不同
be the same as 与……一样
30. make a difference 产生差异
31. depend on 取决于/依赖/依靠
In China , it depends on where you are . → depend on 视……而定;决定于
I haven’t a car, I have to depend on the buses. 我没有汽车,只能依靠公共汽车。
32. go to school by boat = take a boat to school 坐船去上学
33. must be 肯定/一定是
34. a lot more fun 更多的乐趣
35. not all students并非所有的学生
36. the most popular ways /means最流行的方式
means of transportation 交通方式
In China,bikes and buses are the most popular means of transportation.在中国,自行车和公共汽车是最流行的交通方式。
37. a small number of 小部分的
A small number of students take the subway to school.小部分学生乘坐地铁上学
38. a large/ great number of 大多数的
☆ a number of + 复数名词 作主语,动词用复数 “许多”=many
可用large/great/small 修饰,表程度。
☆ the number of + 复数名词 作主语,动词用单数 “…..的数量”
A great number of students are young.
The number of them is 2,200.
39. be ill in the hospital 生病住院
ill和sick 都可作表语 He is ill/sick. 他生病了。 但是He is a sick man. 他是一个病人。(sick作定语,此时不能用ill)ill(形容词):illness(名词) 40. worry about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事☆ worry about sb/sth=be worried about ….为某人/某事担心I worry about my study.= I am wirried about my study.
41. take a shower淋浴
42.at around six thirty在大约六点半around 作介词时,是“大约、将近”的意思时,常与数词连用 He leaves for school at around six thirty. 他大约在6点30分动身去学校leave for 动词短语,意思是“去(某地)” 见3单元重点短语归纳中的详解43. five minutes’walk步行五分钟的路程44. Don’t worry. 别担心45. in Chinese 用汉语 46.How/ What about…?How/ What about…?常用来询问和建议,其中about是介词,其后跟名词、代词及动名词,意思是“……怎么样?……如何?”How about trying again? 再试一下如何?
给我邮箱吧,发不了这么多
行吗
④ 八年级下人教英语unit4~12知识点和语法
) 表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。
2) 根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词(Notional Verb)、系动词(Link Verb)、助动词(Auxiliary Verb)、情态动词(Modal Verb)。
说明:有些情况下,有些动词是兼类词,例如:
We are having a meeting. 我们正在开会。 (having是实义动词。)
He has gone to New York. 他已去纽约。
(has是助动词。)
3) 动词根据其后是否带有宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词(Transitive Verb)、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb),缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。
**
英语动词是句子的核心。它既决定着句子意思的表达同时又决定着句子的语法结构。难怪有人说,英语是动词和介词的语言。可见研究动词的用法在英语学习中是十分重要的。
(一、) 分清及物不及物:
分清动词的及物不及物是在英语学习中必须解决的首要问题。动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况:
a.主要用作及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可以用于:"主+谓+宾";"主+谓+双宾";"主+谓+宾+宾补"结构。如:
He reached paris the day before yesterday.
Please hand me the book over there.
They asked me to go fishing with them.
类似的还有:buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell....
b.主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用与:"主+谓"结构。
This is the room where I once lived.
类似的还有:agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed....
c.既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词,其意义不变。如begin 都是作"开始"讲。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game. 类似的还有:start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve....
d.既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词,其意义完全不同。
这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义;而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的"消散"。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. 作及物动词时是"升高;举起"。
He lifted his glass and drank.
类似的还有:beat vi.跳动 vt. 敲、打; grow vi.生长 vt. 种植
play vi.玩耍 vt. 打(牌、球),演奏 smell vi.发出(气味) vt. 嗅
ring vi.(电话、铃)响vt.打电话 speak vi.讲话 vt. 说(语言)
hang vi. 悬挂 vt. 绞死 operate vi.动手术 vt. 操作
(二、) 辨别表动作与表结果的动词
表动作的动词强调动作的发生,不涉及该动词的结果。如:
He looked at the picture. He saw a picture .
前一句中的动词强调"看"这一动作;而后一句中的动词表示"看到"这一结果。类似的还有:tear at; tear, look for; find, try to do sth.; manage to do sth., prepare for; be prepared for, advise; persuade 等。
(三、) 记住瞬间动词
英语中不少动词所表示的动作在瞬间就可以完成.如:
He arrived in paris yesterday.
而另一些动词所表示的动作则可以延续.如:
They worked until 12 o'clock last night.
特别是在现在完成时态的句子中,瞬间动词的完成时态不能跟表示一段时间的时间状语连用。瞬间动词有:arrive, borrow, buy, close, fall, finish, go, join, kill, hit, leave, lend, die, marry, open, reach, return, start, stop, recognize....等。
(四、) 掌握好表状态的连系动词与表变化的连系动词
英语中的连系动词主要分为两大类:
a.表状态的连系动词。如:he is a good worker. 除了be 而外,还有:stand(位于),lie(位于),stay, have, consist of, belong to, exist, weigh, own....等。
b.另一类连系动词表示动作或变化,是由行为动词转化而来的。一般在这些连系动词后跟形容词作表语如:his hair grows grey. 这类连系动词还有: turn, become, taste, smell, sound, look, feel, get...等。
(五、) 注意词义相近,用法不同的动词
a.表主观与客观的动词
I received his invitation last night, but i didn't want to accept it.
该句中,动词receive, accept 都表示"接受"但前者表示客观地接收到什么东西;后者表示 "I" 的主观意愿。类似用法的动词还有:listen to; hear, look at; see, must; have to等。
b.表直接与间接的动词
He heard that the scientist would come to our school.
He heard of the news that the scientist would come to our school.
前句中hear的表示直接听说的,而后一句中hear of 的表示间接听说的。类似用法的动词还有:know; know of, speak; speak of, talk; talk of等。
(六、) 重视多字动词的用法
所谓多字动词是指动词与某些副词、介词构成的动词词组。一般有四种形式:
a."动词+介词"结构。 该结构中的动词是不及物动词,当和一些介词搭配后,则把它看成一个整体,即把它看成一个及物动词。如:
We never thought of such success when we first started.
类似用法的还有:agree to, ask for, attention to, break into, call upon, deal with, laugh at, dream of, listen to, look at, operate on, talk about, rely on, refer to...
b."动词+副词"结构。该结构中的动词是及物动词的,该结构及物;是不及物的,则不及物。如:
We put off the sports meet.
After he grew up, he went to london to work for a company.
类似用法的还有: bring about, bring up, call up, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, help out, look up, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put down, put away, put down, put off, put on, ring up, set up, take up, think over, turn down, use up, work out..., wake up, shut up, come about, break out, carry on, come up, fall over, get away, get back, look out, go up, go out, stay up....
在这类结构中,必须注意有的多字动词即及物又可不及物。有的甚至汉语意义也完全不相同。如:
He looked up and saw his teacher in front of him. (vi. 抬起头看)
He looked up the word in the dictionary. (vt. 查找)
类似的有break down vi.(车等)坏了 vt. 分解,分为 ;
go over vi. 走过去 vt. 复习,仔细查看等。
c."动词+副词+介词"结构。如:
We should do away with that sort of thing.
类似的有:give in to, catch up with, look down upon, make up for, put up with....
d."动词+名词+介词"结构。该结构是最多,最常见的多字动词。如:
We will take care of them.
类似的有:catch sight of, keep an eye on, make use of, make a fool of, make fun of, make room for, make sure of, knock out of, have a word with, pay attention to, put an end to, set fire to, take advantage of, take hold of, take note of, take notice of, take part in, take pride in, take possession of, play a trick on, play a part in....
****
说明:同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。例如:
She can dance and sing.
她能唱歌又能跳舞。(sing在此用作不及物动词。)
She can sing many English songs.
她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(sing用作及物动词。)
4) 根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制,可分两类,分别是:限定动词(Finite Verb)、非限定动词(Non-finite Verb)例如:
She sings very well.
她唱得很好。(sing受主语she的限制,故用第三人称单数形式sings。)
She wants to learn English well.
她想学好英语。(to learn不受主语she的限制,没有词形变化,是非限定动词。
说明:英语中共有三种非限定动词,分别是:动词不定式(Infinitive)、动名词(Gerund)、分词(Participle)。
⑤ 初二英语下册第一到四单元课堂笔记
Unit 1 Will people have robot ?
Section A
be free 免费
live to be ...year(s) old 活到多少岁
will + 动词原形(不一定会实现的行为)
be going to +动词原形(一定会实现的行为)
in + 一段时间 在一段时间后
more +可数或不可数名词
less/fewer +不可数名词
free time 空闲时间
on computer 通过电脑
Section B
space station 太空站
fly rockets 乘宇宙飞船
fall in love with 爱上。。。
be in love with 与。。。相爱
have pets=keep pets 养宠物
might even 甚至可能
be able to do sth=probably do sth 有能力做某事
dress 表动作,状态
put on 强调动作
wear=have on 表状态
be in +衣服颜色
come true 实现
one of +复数 。。。当中之一
predicte =make predictions 下语言
will want 会
be used 被使用
science fiction movies 科幻片
hundreds of 成千上万
it be +adj +sb+to do sth 对某人来说干某事。。。
wake (sb) up 唤醒(某人)
over and over again 反复多次的
some ... others...一些。。。另一些。。。
electric toothbrashes 电子牙刷
There seem to be... 似乎有。。。
先给你第一单元的哦!
⑥ 初二下册英语第四单元重点词组句子
是什么版本的?我有外研版的,英汉都全,希望能帮到你,记得采纳,谢谢~~版
Mole 4
1. lend sb sth=lend sth to sb
把某物借给权某人(借出)
borrow sth from sb
从某人处借某物(借入)
2. turn on 打开
turn off 关闭
turn up 开大/高一点
turn down 关小/低一点
3. play back (录音等) 回放
4. come on (灯)亮
5. by email 通过邮件
6. connect …to …
把…和…连接起来
7. video camera 录像机
8. take a photo with…用…拍照
take a photo of …拍…的照片
9. the surpring advice
令人惊讶的建议
10.pick up 捡起…
pick+水果 摘(果)…
11. bite sb on the hand
咬伤某人的手
12. climb out of 爬出…
13. land in…落在…里
14. stay cool 保持凉爽
15. save one’s life 救某人的命
⑦ 求八年级下英语1-4单元的重点短语和知识要点
1. be mad at 对……恼火
Why were you mad at your son yesterday? 昨天你为什么对你的儿子发火?
2. first of all 首先
First of all, go to ask the policemen for help when you are in trouble. 当你遇到困难时,首先应去向警察求助。
3. pass sth. on to sb. 把……传递给某人
Would you please pass this notebook on to me? 请把这本笔记本递给我好吗?
4. work on sth. 忙于; 干着
My brother is working on his letter in his room. 我的弟弟正在他的房间里写信。
5. do well in 在…… 做得好
Did you do well in the one-of-year exams? 你的学年考试考得好吗?
6. get over 克服; 恢复; 原谅
I know the homework is difficult, but you must try to get over it. 我知道作业很难,但你必须尽力克服困难。
7. be in good health 身体健康
I am very happy that my mother is now in good health. 我的母亲现在身体很好,我很高兴。
8. above sea level 海拔
My school lies in Xinjiang and it is about 1,000 meters above sea level. 我的学校位于新疆,大约海拔1000米。
9. feel sick 感到恶心; 感到难受
Does he often feel sick when he takes a bus? 他乘车时经常恶心吗?
10. agree with 与……一致; 相符; 适宜
His story agrees with the facts. 他的陈述和事实相符。
11. work as... 当……(人)
My father works as a math teacher in the school. 我父亲在学校里当数学老师。
12. care for 关爱; 关心
As a teacher, you should always care for your students. 作为一名教师,你应当一直关爱你的学生。
13. in danger 在危险中
Now many wild animals are in danger. 现在许多野生动物处在危险之中。
⑧ 八年级下册英语4单元reading部分的知识点及语法
我建议你来买本参考书,里面讲自得很详细哦!我觉得 解剖 还不错
1sound like fun=sound funny 听起来有趣
2forunately=luckily
3most of ...其中大多数......可加名词复数,也可加不可数名词,注意作主语时谓语动词要用单数
4have sb somewhere 让某人在某地 have是使役动词。意为“让,使得”
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