Ⅰ 英语语法 基本组成
【英语】简单句的五种基本句型
http://www.tesoon.com/作者:佚名来源:天星教育网更新时间:2014-04-11 10:11点击:38286
简单句是英语中的基本句子,了解和掌握这五种基本句型对学好英语极为重要。这五种基本句型是:
1.主语+不及物动词(主谓结构)
本结构是由主语加不及物动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。此句型中不及物动词的常用法:
(1)一般表达型。此类不及物动词常与表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的副词修饰语连用。
如:They worked day and night. 他们夜以继日地工作。
(2)主动形式表示被动含义型。此类动词常见的有:read, sell, wash, write, clean等。
如:The theatre tickets sold well. 戏票很畅销。
This kind of cloth washes well.这种布料很容易洗。
2.主语+系动词+表语(主系表结构)
本结构是由"主语+系动词+表语"组成,主要用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。此句型中常见的系动词:be, become, come, get, smell, taste, feel, sound, remain, stay, appear, go, turn, fall, keep等。
(1)主语+系动词+形容词(作表语)
如:That argument sounds reasonable. 那个论据听起来有道理。
It feels good to be home.在家的感觉真好。
(2)主语+系动词+名词(作表语)
如:Later he became a scientist.他后来成为一个科学家。
He is a student. 他是个学生。
(3)主语+系动词+副词、介词短语或反身代词(作表语)
如:He is near. 他在附近。
This is of importance. 这很重要。
You’re not looking yourself today. 今天你看上去气色不太好。
3. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾结构)
此结构是由"主语+谓语+宾语"构成。其中的谓语动词须是及物动词(短语),宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。
(1)主语+及物动词+名词或代词(作宾语)
如:He raised his arms above his head. 他把手臂举过头顶。
Will you spend your holidays abroad this year? 你今年去国外度假吗?
(2)主语+及物动词+动名词(作宾语)。此类及物动词(短语)有:advise, consider, avoid, mind, miss, suggest, finish, practise, imagine, enjoy, delay, escape, feel like, put off, insist on, give up, can’t help, stick to等。
如:I suggested taking a walk. 我建议去散步。
You should not give up studying. 你不该放弃学习。
(3)主语+及物动词+不定式(作宾语)。此类及物动词有:afford, agree, ask, expect, hope, want, wish, manage, pretend, decide, determine, learn, offer, plan, refuse等。
如:I hope to go to college. 我希望上大学。
The firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. 公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。
(4)既可接动名词又可接不定式的及物动词。如:remember to do sth.记住要做某事/remember doing sth.记得曾做过某事;stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事/stop doing sth.停止做某事;forget to do sth.忘记去做某事/forget doing sth.忘了做过某事;regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事/regret doing sth.后悔做了某事;go on to do sth.做完一件事接着做另一件事/go on doing sth.继续做同一件事;try to do sth. 试图做某事/try doing sth.尝试着做某事等。
如:Did you remember to feed the birds?你记着喂鸟了吗?
I remember feeding the birds. 我记得已喂了鸟。
4. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(主谓+双宾语结构)
此句型中常见的接双宾语的动词:
(1)用to变换间接宾语的动词:give, hand, offer, show, throw, pass, pay, send, sell, tell, lend等。
如:Could you give me the letter?或Could you give the letter to me? 你能把那封信递给我吗?
Can you lend me that book? 或Can you lend that book to me? 你能把那本书借给我吗?
(2)用for变换间接宾语的动词:make, buy, cook, find, get, order, sing, spare, fetch等。
如:He bought me a bottle of ink. /He bought a bottle of ink for me.他为我买了一瓶墨水。
Can you get me some stamps?或Can you get some stamps for me? 你能帮我拿些邮票吗?
5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主谓+复合宾语结构)
此结构中宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,若无宾语补足语,则句意不完整。可以用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词。此句型中常见的接宾语补足语的及物动词:
(1)接名词作宾补的动词:find, think, elect, name, call, appoint, consider, make, leave等。
如:They usually call the baby Dick. 他们通常叫那婴儿Dick。
I would make him king over the earth. 我会让他当世界之王。
(2)接形容词作宾补的动词:keep, get, make, leave, find, paint, set, turn, drive, call, cut, consider等。
如:She will make him happy. 她将使他幸福。
Please cut the stick short. 请把这根棍子砍短。
(3)接分词、省略to的动词不定式等作宾补的及物动词:see, notice, hear, watch, observe等。
如:He left me waiting in the rain. 他让我在雨中等。
(4)接副词、介词短语等作宾补的动词有leave, put等。
如:The police put the thief in prison. 警察把这小偷关进了监狱。
(5)有些动词后常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面,这是英语中常用的句型,即"主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正的宾语"。常见动词有think, find, consider等。
如:I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way. 我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。
节选自
Ⅱ 英语的语法有那些,结构是什么
语法:
主从复合句:包括定语从句和名词性从句,特殊句式,主谓一致,词回形变换,动词时态答,冠词
五种英语句子基本结构
主+谓
主谓宾
主系表
主谓+间宾+直宾
主+谓+宾+补
如果需要详细点的,可以直接查阅:英语的语法/英语的结构.
Ⅲ 英语的语法.以什么为中心.
十大词类 三大句型 七大成分
这十二个字 研究透 英语基本 就掌握得 差不多了
如 英语句子千变回万化答 归纳起来 就三个句型
一 主系表
二 1 主 谓
2 there 谓 主
三1主谓宾
2主谓间宾直宾
3主谓宾 宾补
语法的中心 说到底 就一句话
句子结构及句子中每一个单词在句子中所起的作用
Ⅳ 英语语法中的七大成分(要有例子)
英语语法,句子的七大部分。
1. 主语:内容
The sun rises in the east. 主语:The sun
2. 谓语:
The meeting began at nine yesterday morning. 谓语 began
Ⅳ 英语语法结构说明,要详细的
这是 简单句 主谓宾结构。
Kitty and Lydia 是主语made 是谓语 an equally bad impression是宾语,其中equally bad是形容词短语内作定语修饰容impression。equally是副词作状语修饰形容词bad.
Ⅵ 英语八大语法
一般现在时:
1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语: always(总是), usually(通常), often(常常), sometimes(有时), every week(每周) (day(每天), year(每年), month(每月)…), once a week(), on Sundays(),
3.基本结构:动词 原形 (如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要加(e)S) 我是第一人称,你是第二人称,除外都是第三人称
4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
He is always ready to help others.
Action speaks louder than words.
6.例句:. It seldom snows here.
二’一般过去式
1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本结构:be动词;行为动词
4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
6.例句:She often came to help us in those days.
I didn't know you were so busy.
三、 现在进行时:
1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.
3.基本结构:am/is/are+doing
4.否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
6.例句: How are you feeling today?
He is doing well in his lessons.
四、 过去进行时:
1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that ti me或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构:was/were+doing
4.否定形式:was/were + not + doing.
5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。
6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.
When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
五、 现在完成时:
1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
3.基本结构:have/has + done
4.否定形式:have/has + not +d one.
5.一般疑问句:have或has。
6.例句:I've written an article.
It has been raining these days.
六、 过去完成时:
1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
3.基本结构:had + done.
4.否定形式:had + not + done.
5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。
6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books
七、 一般将来时:
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.基本结构:am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do.
4.否定形式:was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。
6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies.
It is going to rain.
八、 过去将来时:
1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本结构:was/were/going to + do;would/should + do.
4.否定形式:was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。
6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.
I asked who was going there
简单点就是:一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,
其他答案
其实英语共有十六种时态,但我们平时比较常用的只有八种,如下:
1.一般现在时: 主语+do/does(现在分词)
e.g We clean the room every day.
2.一般过去时: 主语+did
e.g We cleaned the room just now.
3.现在进行时: 主语+am/is/are doing
e.g We are cleaning the room now.
4.过去进行时: was/were doing
e.g We were cheaning the room at 5:00 yesterday afternoon.
5.现在完成时: have/has done
e.g.We have cleaned the room already.
6.过去完成时: had done
e.g We had cleaned the room before he arrived.
7.一般将来时: will do/
e.g We will clean the room tomorrow.
8.过去将来时: was/were to /would do
e.g He said he would clean the room next.
Ⅶ 英语的语法结构
就跟你说一下主谓宾吧。其实跟汉语差不多。
一般情况下,每一个句子都有一个动词:i am eating a cake. eat就是这版句话的动词,也就权是谓语。
所谓主语,就是做动作的那个人(有时候也会是一个东西什么的)。而宾语,就是承担这个动作结果的人,也可以说是动作的对象。
例如:我喜欢游泳。 动词:喜欢 主语:我 宾语:游泳。 i like swimming.
是不是很容易啊~~
Ⅷ 英语语法结构
They found
(宾语从句)that
many people feel uncomfortable and intimidated
(伴随状语)talking to others.
句意:
他们发现:很多人在和别人交谈时觉得不回舒服和害答怕。
Ⅸ 英语的八大语法结构是什么
1.一般现在时:
主语+do/does
e.g
We
clean
the
room
every
day.
2.一般过去时:
主语+did
e.g
We
cleaned
the
room
just
now.
3.现在进行时:
主语+am/is/are
doing
e.g
We
are
cleaning
the
room
now.
4.过去进行时:
was/were
doing
e.g
We
were
cheaning
the
room
at
5:00
yesterday
afternoon.
5.现在完成内时:
have/has
done
e.g
We
have
cleaned
the
room
already.
6.过去完成时:
had
done
e.g
We
had
cleaned
the
room
before
he
arrived.
7.一般将来时容:
will
do/
e.g
We
will
clean
the
room
tomorrow.
8.过去将来时:
was/were
to
/would
do
e.g
He
said
he
would
clean
the
room
next.