Ⅰ 初一上册英语1-12单元语法知识点
一. 词汇
⑴ 单词
1. 介词:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of
1). in表示"在……中", "在……内"。例如:
in our class 在我们班上
in my bag 在我的书包里
in the desk 在桌子里
in the classroom 在教室里
2). on 表示"在……上"。例如:
on the wall 在墙上
on the desk 在桌子上
on the blackboard 在黑板上
3). under表示"在……下"。例如:
under the tree 在树下
under the chair 在椅子下
under the bed 在床下
4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如:
behind the door 在门后
behind the tree 在树后
5). near表示"在……附近"。例如:
near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近
near the bed 在床附近
6). at表示"在……处"。例如:
at school 在学校
at home 在家
at the door 在门口
7). of 表示"……的"。例如:
a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画
a map of China 一张中国地图
2. 冠词 a / an / the:
冠词一般位于所限定的名词前,用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式,即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前,如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前,如an apple.
a或an与可数名词单数连用,泛指某类人或某物中的一个。
This is a cat.
这是一只猫。
It's an English book.
这是一本英语书。
His father is a worker.
他的爸爸是个工人。
the既可以用在可数名词前,也可以用在不可数名词前,表示某个或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。
Who's the boy in the hat?
戴帽子的男孩是谁呀?
------ What can you see in the classroom?
------ I can see a bag.
------ Where's the bag?
------ It's on the desk.
------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀?
------ 我能看见一个书包。
------ 书包在哪呀?
------ 在桌子上。
3.some和any
①在肯定句中用some.例如:
There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。
Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。
②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如:
Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗?
Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗?
There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。
⑵记住它们的特殊用法。
①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中,这一点我们不久就会学到。例如:
Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗?
②any也可用于肯定句中,表示"任何的"。例如:
Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。
some 和any的用法是经常出现的考点,希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。
4.family
family看作为一个整体时,意思是"家庭",后面的谓语动词be用单数形式 is ;如把family看作为家庭成员时,应理解为复数,后面的谓语动词be应用are。
My family is a big family. 我的家庭是个大家庭。
My family are all at home now. 我的家人现在都在家。
Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。 house指"家"、"房屋",侧重居住的建筑本身。
His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。
My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。
He isn't at home now. 他现在不在家。
It's a picture of my family. 这是一张我全家的照片。
5. little的用法
a little dog 一只小狗,a little boy 一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。
*但little还可表示否定意义,意为"少的",加不可数名词。
There is little time. 几乎没时间了。
There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。
⑵ 词组
on the desk 在桌子上
behind the chair 在椅子后
under the chair 在椅子下面
in her pencil-box 在她的铅笔盒中
near the door 在门附近
a picture of a classroom 一个教室的图片
look at the picture 看这张图片
the teacher's desk 讲桌
a map of China 一张中国地图
family tree 家谱
have a seat 坐下,就坐
this way 这边走
二. 日常用语
1. Come and meet my family.
2. Go and see. I think it's Li Lei.
3. Glad to meet you.
4. What can you see in the picture?
I can see a clock / some books.
5. Can you see an orange?
Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
6. Where's Shenzhen?
It's near Hong Kong.
7. Let me see.(口语)让我想想看。
see 在这是"明白、懂了",不可译作"看见"。例如:
8. Please have a seat.
seat表示"座位",是个名词。have a seat表示"就坐",也可以说take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。
三. 语法
1. 名词所有格
名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系,通常用名词所有格的形式,意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式:
(1). 一般情况下在词尾加"'s"。例如:
Kate's father Kate的爸爸
my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友
(2). 如果复数名词以s结尾,只加"'"。例如:
Teachers' Day 教师节
The boys' game 男孩们的游戏
(3). 如果复数名词不以s结尾,仍加"'s"。例如:
Children's Day 儿童节
Women's Day 妇女节
(4). 表示两个或几个共有时,所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如:
Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房间
Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸
动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"'s",而常常用介词of的短语来表示。
a map of China 一幅中国地图
the name of her cat 她的猫的名字
a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片
the door of the bedroom 卧室的门
2. 祈使句
祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语,读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌,常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾时,please前多用逗号。
(1). 祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。
Go and see. 去看看。
Come in, please. 请进。
(2). 祈使句的否定形式常用don't于句首。
Don't look at your books. 不要看书。
Don't play on the road. 不要在马路上玩。
3. There be 的句子结构
There be是一个"存在"句型,表示"有"的意思,
肯定句的形式为:There be + 名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。
be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为"某地有某人或某物"。如:
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。
(1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。
否定形式为:There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。
There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。
There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。
(2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语?肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't.
---Is there a dog in the picture? 画上有一只狗吗?
---Yes, there is. 有。
---Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船吗?
---No, there aren't. 没有。
(3)特殊疑问句:How many . . . are there (+地点状语)?"某地有多少人或物?"回答用There be . . .
There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .
有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . .
---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生?
---There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。
(4)如果名词是不可数名词,用:How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语?
How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水?
How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物?差不多 就这些了
Ⅱ 七年级下册英语十二单元grammar focus翻译
Grammar Focus
网络 语法重点; 语法聚焦; 语法要点; 语法焦点; 重点语法;
[例句]Elementary: Able to use simple words and grammar, focus on daily life in some simple topic of the dialogue.
能够运用简单的语句及语法,专围绕属日常生活中某些简单的话题进行对话。
Ⅲ 七年级下册英语语法焦点1~12单元
help sb. to do sth.
get sb. to do sth.
tell sb. to do sth.
show sb. around
brrow……源from
lend……to
how long
could/can/may i……?
-why -because……
could you tell me the way to ……?
how can i get to ……?
i'm afriand……
Is there a(n) …near here?
like doing sth
enjoy doing sth
It's good to do sth
why not do sth
be good at
do well in
would like to do sth
what do use for?
what's the weather like in ……
It's a good season for……
还有一些你自己回去找吧
打了半天了累死我了
(我打字超慢的)
(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……
Ⅳ 人教版七年级下册英语十二单元语法 要全点 急啊!!
给你、、、采用啊 Unit12
Grammar for section A
1. eg.1) Which rules are these students breaking?这些学生违反了哪些规则?
My brother didn’t break the school rules.我弟弟没有违反校规。
总结:rule 是个_____名词,意为______。
扩展:school rules______. keep/follow rules______. break rules______.
2)The king’s rule lasted fifty years.那个国王的统治持续了五十年。
He ruled over the country for ten years.他统治这个国家十年。
总结:rule还可作_____讲,是_____名词;也可作____词,其后可以接介词over,组成词组rule over,后接宾语,意为______。
2. eg.1)Don’t arrive late for class.
Don’t talk in class.
Don’t worry .I can help you.
总结:这些句子是____句的否定句。祈使句是以动词原形开头,表达命令或者祈求的句子。其否定句式在句首加don’t。
2)Don’t arrive late for meeting.
He was late for work yesterday.
总结:arrive______. arrive late for…… 相当于___________,意为________.
3)We arrived at the village.
We arrived in New York.
总结:ariive 是_________词,后面跟地点名词时需要加介词____或____,____后面跟小地点,____后面跟大地点。
3. eg.1)—Can we listen to music ,Cindy?
—We can’t listen to music in the hallways,but we can listen to it outside.
总结:句中can’t 是情态动词的否定式______的 缩写,意为_____。Can 后面接_______,没有_____和_____的变化。Can 的过去式是_____。
2)Can 在句中意为_____,与____同义,表示请求或许可。eg:
—Can /May/Could I ask you a question? (could的语气比can 委婉)
—Yes,please.
拓展:can’t help doing sth.____________ can’t stand sth../doing sth.___________.
4. eg.1)Do you have to wear a uniform at school?
He has to work on Sunday.
—Do you have to get up at six in the morning?
—Yes,I do.
总结:have to 是_____动词,意思是______。Have to 侧重于客观上的必要,和其他情态动词的区别在于它具有人称和数的变化。肯定句:主语+________________+_________+其他成分;否定句:主语+___________________+_______+_______+其他成分;疑问句:___________+______+______+_______+其他成分。
拓展:have to 的同义词must 的用法
eg.2)You must finish your homework now._________________________。
—Must I go home now?
—Yes,you must./No,you needn’t.
must 也意为_______,强调由于主观原因一定要做某事,只用于一般现在时,没有_____和_____的变化,在否定句中或作否定回答时用_______。
5. eg.1)What else do you have to do?
Would you like anything else?
Where else do you want to go?
总结:else作____词,表示_____,放在something,someone,somebody等复合代词或者_____,_____,______,_____等疑问代词或副词之后。
2)What else did you do yesterday?
What’s that in your other hand?你另一只手里拿的是什么?
I don’t like this one ,show me the other.
else 与other 二者都可表示_________。但_____要放在所修饰的词之后,作副词;而_____恰好相反,要放在所修饰词之前,作形容词。最后一句other 作___词,else 则不可以。
6. 祈使句“四兄弟—VBLD”
表示建议,请求,命令,禁止做某事可用祈使句。其特点是省略了主语,以动词原形开头。
(1) eg. Listen to me , please.____________.
Stop!____________.
总结:V型祈使句(以行为动词开头)
“四兄弟“中的老大,用得最多。如:
(2) eg. Be quiet,please!__________.
Be careful!__________.
总结:B型祈使句(以Be开头)
(3) eg.Let me help you.____________.
Let’s go.___________.
总结:L型祈使句(以Let开头)
(4) eg.Don’t talk in class.______________.
总结:D型祈使句(以Don’t +动词原形开头)
Exerice:
1. Tom was sent away(被开除) from school because he aways _____the school rules.
A.follows B.doesn’t want C.breaks D.catches
2.—Mom,can I wear my jeans to school?
—No,you _________wear your school uniform .That’s the school rule.
A.can B.can’t C.have to D.may
3.If he doesn’t want to do the job,does______want to?
A.everybody else B.anybody else C.else anybody D.else everybody
4.You can’t listen to music when your mother is sleeping.(改为祈使句)
________ _______to music when your mother is sleeping.
5.Look at my photo,please.(改为否定祈使句)
______ ______ ______my photo,please.
6.In the library ,we must be quite.(改为同义句)
In the library,we_____ ______be quite.
Grammar for section B
1. eg.Don’t go out on school nights.
On a cold moring ,he called me.
总结:on school nights 意为______________,,school 在此用来修饰名词_______。一般我们说“at night”,但当night 前面有定语修饰时,介词应用___.
2. eg.1) I have too many rules in my house.在我家里有太多的规定。
There are too many people in the park on Sunday
There is too much homework on weekends.
总结:句中too many意为_______,后接_____名词的复数,too much也意为_______,但后接_______名词。
2)eg.It’s much too hot today.
The old man walked much too slowly.这位老人走得太慢了。
总结:much too 意为________,常用作副词词组,修饰形容词或其他词。
3. eg.And I have to be in bed by ten o’clock.并且十点以前我就得上床睡觉。
He was in bed all day yesterday.
总结:be in bed 为固定搭配,意思是_______.
by 在第一句中意为________,为介词。
请注意介词by的以下用法:
They’re walking by the river.( )
Do you go to school by bus.( )
拓展:by the way______________. all by oneself____________.
4. eg.1)Later I have to go to the Children’s Palace to learn the piona. 随后我必须去少年宫学钢琴。
Later we become very good friends.后来我们成了很好的朋友。
He came back a week later.一个星期后他回来了。
总结:later 作____词,意为________,常用来指时间上的“稍后”。单独使用,常用于一般过去时或一般将来时;“一段时间+later”则表示___________,用于_________时。
2)He was late for school yesterday.__________________.
It will get colder later on.晚些时候,天气会更冷。
总结:late可用作形容词或副词,意为__________。later on 意为________,一般指将来。
5. eg.No talking!不许说话!
No photos!_________!
No smoking!(= )
No parking!_________!
No drawing on the wall!(= )
Exerice:
1.—______listen to music in the classroom.
—sorry , I won’t. A.Not B.Do C.Can’t D.Don’t
2.I have ______rules in my house .I can’t stand them.
A.too many B.too much C.many too D.much too
3.—Where were you at 10 o’clock last night?
—I was sleeping at home.I have to be ____bed____9:30pm.
A.in;for B.in;in C.on;by D.in; by
4.Half an hour ______,we got home.
A.late B.later C.later on
5.—Please be quite in the library! Look at the sign.It says, “No________.”
—I am sorry.
A.talk B.talking C.read D.reading
Ⅳ 初一英语下册第12单元语法,sectionB 3a,翻译急啊!!!
Unit 12 75页:
亲爱的通晓博士,
我不开心。我家里的家规太多了。我不得不每天早上6点起床。我放学后不能见我的朋友因为我必须做我的作业。在上学的晚上我不能看电视。10点我必须睡觉。周末,我必须打扫并且洗衣服。然后我必须帮助妈妈做饭。接着我必须去少年宫学钢琴。我从来没有开心过。我该怎么办?
赵培
语法:
Unit 12 Don't eat in class.
一.短语.
1. in class 在课上
2. on school nights 在上学的晚上
3. school rules 校规
4. no talking 禁止交谈
5. listen to music 听音乐
6. have to 不得不
7. take my dog for a walk 带狗去散步
8. eat outside 在外面吃饭
9. in the hallway 在走廊上
10. wear a uniform 穿制服
11. arrive late for class 上学迟到
12. after school 放学后
13. practice the guitar 练习弹吉它
14. in the cafeteria 在自助食堂里
15. meet my friends 和我朋友见面
16. by ten o'clock.十点之前
17. be in bed 在床上
18. the Children's Palace 少年宫
19. help my mom make dinner 帮助我妈做饭
二.重点句型
1.Don’t arrive late for school=Don’t be late for school
2.Don’t fight =
3.Don’t listen to music in the classroom.
4.Don’t run in the hallways
5.Don’t smoke .It’s bad for your health.
6.Don’t play cards in school
7.Don’t talk in class
8.Don’t watch TV on school nights.
9.Don’t sleep in class.
10.Don’t play sports in the classrooms.
11.Don’t sing songs at night.
12.Don’t talk when you eat.
13.Don’t wear hats in class.
14.Do homework by 10:00.
15.Clean your house!
16.Make the bed.
17.Can we ……? Yes ,we can . No, we can’t.
Eg:Can we arrive late for class ?
No, we can’t. We can’t arrive late for class.
18.Do you have to wash your clothes? Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
三. 重难点解析:
1. 情态动词have to 的用法,意思是"必须、不得不",它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。(1)结构:主语+have to+动词原形+其他(一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时,用has to;句子是过去时,用had to.)如:We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上,我们必须穿运动鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一,我不得不早上5点起床。
(2)否定形式:主语+don't have to+动词原形+其他(一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时,用doesn't have to. 句子是过去时,用didn't have to)如:Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。We didn't have to do our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业。
(3)疑问句:Do (Does或Did)+主语+have to +动词原形+其他如:Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗?
Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 是的,我必须。不,我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚,他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗?
2. 情态动词can的用法
(1)表示能力,"会""能"(在第一册中已经学习这种用法)
Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉它吗?
Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中文。
I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。
(2)表示允许、许可,"可以"、"能"(在这一课中新学的词义)Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗?
We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西。
Can I come in? 我能进来吗?
注意 同样是情态动词,can 和have to 的用法是有区别的,和大部分情态动词一样,can在否定句中,直接在can后加上not,在疑问句中,把can放到主语前面,并且没有人称和数的变化。
3. hear,listen和sound都有"听"的意思,但三者是有区别的。
(1)hear"听说",侧重于"听"的内容I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了,我很难过。I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。
(2)listen"听"侧重于"听"这一动作。Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐。
(3)sound"听起来",它是系动词,后面接形容词等。
That sounds great. 那听起来真不错。
It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。
4. be in bed "在床上、卧床"in 和bed之间不能用冠词,bed也不用复数。He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床10年了。
Dave has to be in bed early every night.大卫每晚必须很早睡觉。
5. arrive late for 与be late for 意思相近,"迟到"Don't arrive (be)late for school. 上学别迟到。I arrived (was)late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天开会迟到了。
6. No talking ! "禁止交谈!"no后面加上名词或动名词(doing)也表示不要做某事。与don't +do的用法相似。No wet umbrellas! / Don't put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放湿雨伞!No food! Don't eat food here! 禁止吃食物!No smoking! Don't smoke here! 禁止吸烟!
7.语法(祈使句)祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召或者劝告等的句子,这类句子的主语常是第二人称you,也就是听话者,因而you常省去了。祈使句的开头是动词原形。如:Look out! 小心!
Wait here for me! 在这等我!
Be sure to come here on time! 务必准时来到这里!
祈使句的否定形式多以do not(常缩写成don't)开头,再加上动词原形。Don't arrive late for school. 上学别迟到。
Don't fight! 别打架!
Don't look out of the window. 不要向窗外看。
祝你学习进步,更上一层楼!(*^__^*)
Ⅵ 七年级下册英语10~12单元语法总结
Unit11 What do you think of game shows?
01、What do you think of TV shows? = How do you like TV shows?你觉得电视节目怎样?
I love game shows.我喜欢“节目秀”。
I like sports shows. 我喜欢“运动秀”。
I don’t like sitcoms ( situtation comedies). 我不喜欢连续剧。
I showed each student six things.= I showed six things to each student.我给每个同学看了六样东西。
show既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词,还可以作名词,有多种含义。现将其常见用法归纳如下:
show作不及物动词(vi.),有“显现;显出;露出”等意思。如:
His happinees showed in his smile. 他喜形于色。
Her face showed sallow. 她的脸呈灰黄色。
作及物动词(vt.),有以下含义:
⑴.意为“给……看;出示;显示”,常构成“show sb sth”或“show sth to sb”结构。如:
Will you kindly show me that coat over there? 请把那儿的上衣拿给我看看好吗?
Show your tickets, please. /Please show your tickets.请出示车票。(请把票拿出来。)
[特别注意]在“show+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构中,若直接宾语为指物的代词it或them时,只能用“show it(them) to sb”结构。如:
正:You have a new pen, please show it to me.
误:You have a new pen, please show me it.
Please show me the map.= Please show the map to me.请把地图给我看一看。
⑵.意为“带领;引领”,习惯搭配有show sb to..., show sb around...等。如:
Please show me to your school. 请带我到你们学校去。
Uncle Wang is going to show us around his farm. 王叔叔要领我们参观他的农场。
I showed him around our school.我领着他参观了我们学校.
⑶. 意为“(向人)说明;表明;指示;放映;展出”等。如:
Your homework shows that you are careful.从你的作业上可以看出你很认真。
Show me the way, please.请给我指路。
⑷. show用作名词(n.),意为“展览;陈列;演出”。如:
There is going to be a picture show in our school. 我们学校将举办一次画展。
Her mother is in show business.她的母亲从事演艺事业。
02、Welcome to 9 o’clock Weekend Talk. 欢迎来到9点钟周末谈话节目。
Welcome to the show.欢迎来到本节目。
welcome 一词的常见用法归纳如下:
⑴作感叹词
welcome to Beijing!欢迎来北京。
Welcome, come in, please. 欢迎,欢迎,请进来。
⑵作名词意为“欢迎,款待”,可用 warm (热烈的), cold (冷淡的), enthusiastic (热情的)等形容词作定语加以修饰。如:
The hostess gave us a warm welcome. 女主人热烈欢迎我们。
Her suggestion received a rather enthusiastic welcome. 她的建议颇受欢迎。
⑶作及物动词意为“欢迎(某人或某事物)”。如:
They welcome us warmly and showed us to our rooms.
他们热情地欢迎我们,并把我们带到我们住的房间里。
He was warmly welcome back to Beijing.人们热烈欢迎他回到北京。
He didn’t welcome the suggestion. 他不欢迎这项建议。
⑷作形容词意为“受欢迎的”:“令人喜欢的”。如:
a welcome guest 受欢迎的客人9. a welcome rain 甘霖
a most welcome suggestion 极受欢迎的建议
另外,用作表语时, welcome 意为“被允许的;可随意使用……的”。如:
You are welcome to use my car. 我的车你尽管用。
切记不要把作表语用的形容词 welcome 和被动语态中的过去分词 welcome 混用。如:
Anyone who wants to come will be welcome. (不用 welcomed )谁想来都受欢迎。
We were heartily welcomed by our hosts. (不用 welcome )我们受到主人的热情欢迎。
请试译下列句子:
喀纳斯欢迎您!
那天上午 2 ,000 多人列队欢迎来访的外宾。
欢迎大家来布尔津参观。
你可以随意使用我们的参考资料。
这所大学欢迎世界各国学生的申请。
Key : Welcome to Kalass!/ That morning more than 2,000 people were lined up to welcome the visiting foreign guests./ Welcome to visit Bu’rjin./ You are welcome to use any of our referrences./ This college welcomes applications from students all over the world.
03、A thirteen-year-old boy. / an eight-year-old boy.一个13 / 8岁大的男孩。
04、Cooking is for moms.做饭是妈妈们的事。
05、Thanks for joining us.谢谢加入我们。
06、I asked students about fashion.我问了学生有关时尚的问题。
07、The coolest thing is the belt.最酷的东西是腰带。
形容词最高级的用法小结:
用于三者或三者以上的比较时,“最...的”要用最高级形容词,最高级前一般要加the,并有介词短语语、子句或所有格表示比较范围。如:
I am the tallest in our class. 我是咱们班里个子最高的。
(表示在某一场所中最...,和in引导的介词片语连用。)
My movements are the most graceful of us three. 三个人中我的动作是最优雅的。
(表示在不少于三者的同类中“最...”,和of或among引导的介系词片语连用。)
Racing is the most interesting sport I’ve ever known. 赛跑是我知道的最有趣的运动。
(表示在已有的经验中“最...”,子句表示比较范围。)
You are always my fondest star. 你永远是我最喜欢的明星。
(用代名词的所有格表示比较范围。)
最高级的用法
①三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,用“ the十最高级”的结构表示.这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。如:
Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.
He works (the) hardest in his class.
②最高级可被序数词以及 much,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not quite,not really,nothing like等词语所修饰。如:
This hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not nearly/by no means/not quite/nothing like the biggest.
How much did the second most expensive hat coat?
③表示“最高程度”的形容词,如 excellent,extreme,perfect等,没有最高级,也不能用比较级。
④形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时,被修饰的词往往省略。
He is the tallest(boy) in his class.
⑤作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。如:
0f all the boys he came(the) earliest.
08、I enjoyed reading your article in the school magazine.我喜欢在学校杂志上读你的文章。
I enjoy nice words about my looks.我喜欢对我外表的赞美之词。
09、Can you put my letter in next month’s magazine?你能把我的信放在下个月的杂志上嘛?
10、I can’t stand the idea that old people can’t be beautiful.
我不能忍受老年人就不能漂亮的观点。
I can’t stand soap operas.我讨厌肥皂剧。
can’t stand通常用于口语:不能忍受(某人、某物、做某事):常用于can’t stand sth./can’t stand doing/can’t stand to do/can’t stand sb. doing sth.
I can’t stand beer.我喝不了啤酒。
11、I want to be young and beautiful.我想要年轻漂亮。
12、I don’t mind what young people think of me.我不介意年轻人怎样评价我。
I don’t mind talk shows. 我不反对“脱口秀”(谈话节目)。
13、You don’t like Dumpling. I don’t , either.你不喜欢饺子,我也不喜欢。
14、LiYong is the host of Luck 52.李泳是幸运52 节目的主持人。
15、I put money in the wallet.我把钱放在钱包里。
16、I have no idea.= I don’t know.我不知道。
17、In fact, I don’t agree with you.事实上,我不同意你的观点。
18、Culture China.中国文化。 A key ring.一个钥匙扣/一串钥匙链。
Unit 12 Don’t eat in class.
01、What are the rules in/at your school?你们学校的规则是什么?
Don’t run in the hallways. 不要在楼道里跑。
Don’t arrive late for school.= Don’t be late for school.上课别迟到。
Don’t fight.不要打架。
Don’t go out on school nights.学校有课的夜晚不要走出去。
Don’t talk loudly at home.= No talking loudly.在家不要大声讲话。
祈使句的构成及其用法:
祈使句通常用来表示请求、命令等。它的主语是you(听话人),通常被省略。祈使句肯定结构中的谓语动词一律用动词原形。祈使句句末用感叹号或句号,读时通常用降调。如:
Put on your coat. 穿上外衣。
Don't stand here .别站在这儿。
Let's go swimming . 让我们去游泳吧。
⑴祈使句通常省略主语you,语调一般用降调。如:
Go and open the door.去把门打开。
⑵祈使句有时也带有主语,此时起强调作用,通常主语要重读。如:
You close the window.你把窗子关上。
Everybody stand up!大家起立!
Come on , comrades!同志们,加油!
Mingming, open the door . 明明,开门。
You sweep the floor . 你扫地。
[注意]这类祈使句的谓语动词不受主语人称的限制,仍用原形,并且有强调式。
⑶祈使句的否定结构是在肯定结构前加上don't。若句首有please,don't一般放在please之后。如:
Don't be late for class,please.请不要上课迟到了。
强调否定式是在谓语动词前加never。如:
Never forget your parents.千万别忘了你父母。
⑷谓语动词是let结构。如:
Let's go fishing this afternoon.让我们今天下午去钓鱼。(主语是we,指说者和听者双方)
Let me(us)help you find your wallet.让我(们)帮你找钱包。(主语是 you)
let祈使句的否定式是在let前加don't或在不定式前加not。如:
Don't let him play in the street.别让他在街上玩耍。
Let's not open the door.我们别把门打开。
⑸为了加强语气,肯定祈使句前面可用助动词do。如:
Do come often .千万常来。
⑹无动词祈使句。如:
Once more!再来一遍!
Faster!快一点!
Just a moment,please.请稍等一会儿。
02、Can we eat in the classroom?我们可以在教室吃饭嘛?
No, but we can eat in the dining hall.
03、We can’t listen to music in the classroom, but we can listen to it outside.
我们在教室里不可以听音乐,但我们可以在外面听。
04、Do you have to wear uniforms at school?你们在学校必须穿校服嘛?
No, we don’t have to wear uniforms every day, but we have to wear uniforms on Monday.
不,我们不必每天都穿校服,但是,星期一必须穿。
We have to wear sports shoes for gym class.我们必须穿运动鞋上体育课。
I have to be in bed by ten o’clock.=I have to go to bed by ten o’clock.
我到10点种时必须要睡觉。
I have to clean my room and wash the clothes. 周末我必须打扫房间和洗衣服。
I have to help mom make dinner.我必须要帮妈妈做晚餐。
Later, I have to go to the Children’s Palace to learn the piano.
稍后我必须要去少年宫去学钢琴。
have to 和 must的区别及用法:have to 和 must均有“必须;不得不”之意,但用法却不同。
must的用法:
⑴表示主观的义务和必要, 主要用于肯定句和疑问句, 意思为 “必须……,得……,要……”;由must引起的疑问句,肯定回答要用must或have to, 否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to, 意思是“不必”;must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止,意思是“不能,不许”。如:
We must find a good method to learn English well.我们必须找一个学好英语的方法。 —Must I finish the work right now?我现在必须完成这个工作吗?
—Yes, you must. / Yes, you have to. 是的。
(—No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to. 不,不必。)
You mustn’t smoke here without permission. 未经允许,你不能在这儿吸烟。
⑵表示肯定的猜测,常用于肯定句中,意思为 “一定是, 必然……”。注意must表示推断或猜测的几种情况:
Your sister must be a doctor in this hospital.你姐姐一定是这家医院的医生。(对现在的猜测)He must be reading newspapers in the reading room now.
他此刻一定正在阅览室读报。(对正在进行的动作或行为的猜测)
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨晚一定下雨了,因为地面上是湿的。(对过去的猜测)
have to / have got to 的用法:
must表示一种主观的需要,而have to 表示一种客观的需要,意思是“不得不”。如:
I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon.
今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。
Mother is out, so I have to look after my sister.
妈妈不在家,因此我不得不照看妹妹。
have to 的否定形式是don’t have to, 相当于needn’t。如:
They don’t have to buy a computer at present.他们目前没有必要买电脑。
have to 与have got to 常可以互换。
05、What else do you have to do?还有什么其他的必须要做的?
06、I have too many rules in my house.我家有太多的规则。
07、I never have any fun.我从没有乐趣。
Ⅶ 初一下册英语12单元单词语法
Unit 12 Don’t eat in class. 短语 1. arrive / belate for class 上课迟到 2. run in the hallways 在走廊里跑 3. eatoutside 在外就餐 4. wear a uniform 穿制服 5. have to do 不得不 / 必须做。。。 6. what / who /where / nothing / someone else 其它什么/别的什么人/别的什么地方/没有别的什么东西/别的某人 7. on schoolnights 在有课的晚上 8. practice the guitar 练习吉它 9. too manyrules 太多的规矩 10. by ten o’clock 在10:00以前 11. Don’t listento music in the classroom. 不要在教室里听音乐。 12. Do your homework after school. 放学后做作业。 13. No talking. 不许讲话。 No food. 禁止带食物。 14. – Do you have to wear a uniform atschool? -- Yes, we do. --你们必须在学校穿制服吗? -- 是的,必须穿。 15. After school, we have to clean theclassroom. 放学后,我们必须打扫教室。 16. I never have any fun. 我从来没有任何快乐。 17. talk loudly 高声喧哗 语法:祈使句 祈使句表示请求、命令、叮嘱、劝告等,谓语动词用原形。例如: Come in, please.请进。 Do your homework at once.马上做你的作业。 Don’t be late for school again.上学别再迟到了。 Take care not to catch a cold.小心别感冒了。 Get out!滚! Look out! Mind your head!小心!当心头! 这种句子的否定式多用Do not(通常写为Don’t)引导,也可用Never引导。例如: Don’t sit on the desk.不要坐在桌子上。 Don’t watch TV too much.不要看太多的电视。 Never do that again.再不要这样做了。 祈使句的主语通常是不表示出来的。例如:Don’t worry. I’lllook after myself. 在句型转换中, 肯定祈使句:DO +do / be… 否定祈使句:Don’t do / be…
Ⅷ 九年级英语12单元重点语法
1. be supposed to do .应该如:
We are supposed to stop smoking.我们应该停止吸烟。
知识拓展表示应该的词有:should, ought to ,be supposedto
2. shake hands握手shake 本意是“摇动、震动”
3. You should have asked what you were supposed to wear.
你本应该问清楚怎么样穿才得体。中的“should have asked”是
“情态动词+现在完成时”表示过去本应该做某事,事实上没有做
如:She should have gone to Beijing.她本应该去了北京。(没有去)
4. be relaxed about sth.对某事随意、不严格如:
They are relaxed about the time. 他们对时间很随意。
5. pretty adv. 相当,很=veryShe is pretty friendly. 她相当友好。
adj. 美丽的 She is a pretty girl.她是一个美丽的女孩。
6. make plans to do == plan to do. 打算做某事如:
She has made plans to go toBeijing.==She has planed to go to Beijing.
7. drop by 访问看望拜访串门
We just dropped by our friends’homes.我们刚刚去朋友家串门。
8. on time 按时
9.after all 毕竟终究如:
You see I was right after all.你看,毕竟还是我对了。
10. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事如:
Lily invited me to have dinner.莉莉请我吃晚饭。
11. without 没有
12. around the world == all over the world 全世界
13. pick up 捡起挑选如:He picked up his hat. 他捡起他的帽子。
14. start doing == start to do 开始做某事如
He started reading.== He startedto read. 他开始读。
15. point at 指向
16. stick v. 剌截n. 棒,棍
chopstick 筷子是由chop(砍)+stick(棒)合成,
通常用复数形式:chopsticks
17. go out of one’s way to do 特意,专门做某事如:
He went out of his way to make mehappy. 他特意使我高兴。
18. make mistakes 犯错误(复数)make a mistake 犯错误(一个)
19. be different from 与…不同如:
Chinese food is different fromtheirs. 中国菜与他们的不同.
20. get/be used to sth. 习惯于…
get/be usedto doing习惯于…
be used to do 被用于做…
be used for doing被用于做…
used to do 过去常常做…如:
I washclothes everyday. But I’m used to it.
我每天都洗衣服,但我习惯了
I am used towashing clothes. 我习惯于洗衣服了。
The knives are used tocut things. 小刀被用来切东西。
The knives are used for cuttingthings. 小刀被用来切东西。
She used to watch TV after school. 她过去放学后常常看电视。
21. 我发现要记住每一样事是困难的。
I find it difficult to remembereverything.
形式宾语 真正宾语
常见的形式宾语有:
find / think + it/them +形容词 to do sth. 如:
I think it hard to study English.
22. cut up 切开切碎如:Let’s cut up the water melon.
让我们切开这个西瓜吧。
23. make a toast 敬酒
24. crowd v.挤满 其形容词和过去式及过去分词都是:crowded
25. set n. 一套 v. 设置
26. can’t stop doing 忍不住做某事I can’t stop laughing. 我忍不住笑
27. make faces做鬼脸
28.face to face 面对面
29. learn…by oneself 自学如:
I learn English by my self. 我自学英语。
Ⅸ 英语七年级下册12单元语法要点求翻译,在线等,急!
上个周末你做什么了?我做我的家庭作业了。/我们去划船了。
谁看望了她的奶奶?贝姬看望了她的奶奶。
上个周末他去哪里了?她去一家农场了。
她与谁一起去的?她与她的同班同学一起去的。
Ⅹ 人教版七年级英语11、12单元的语法!!注意是语法!
上.11单元
What time的用法
what time 意为‘何时;什么时候’,如果询问主语‘什么时候做某事’,可用‘what time do / does+主语+动词原形+.........?’句型,其中what time用来提问具体时间。
what time does your play begin ?你们的演出几点开始?
what time does she often watch tv? 她经常什么时候看电视 。
-what time is it ? 几点钟了?
-it'sone o'clock. 一点了
时刻的表达
1.整点法
时间刚好是整点,可用‘整点时间+o'clock'。o'clock只能接在表示整点时间后面,也可以省略。
It's seven o'clock / it's seven 七点钟
2.顺序法
顺序法师直接读写数字,先说点钟后说分钟,都用基数词。几点零几分,可在时与分之间加个o,读字母o的音。
i t's eight ten 八点十分
it's eight o five 八点五分
3.逆读法
逆读法是借助介词past或to表示钟点。即先说分钟,再说点钟。常用结构是‘分钟+介词past或to+点钟’。分钟不到半小时,用past来表示;分钟正好30分中(半小时)的,用‘half past .....’表示。分钟超过半小时的,用‘(60减去分钟数)+to+下一个点中数’由此可见,past用于几点过几分,to是差几分到几点。
it's five past eight 八点五份
it's thirty past ten / half past ten 十点半
it's twenty to nine / eight forty 八点四十分
上.12单元
疑问词what的用法
what 是疑问代词,意为‘'什么’,在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
what makes you think that ? 什么使你这样想的?(作主语)
what do youusually do on Sundays ?星期天你通常做什么?(做宾语)
what are your prants ?你父母是干什么的?(作表语)
what time do you usually get up ?你通常几点起床?(作定语)
累死我列,还有疑问副词、疑问词、我就不打了、
不过、你是要上学期的还是下学期的呀?