㈠ 详细列出英语学习中的常见典型错误类型并举例。请想好、归纳好再发。谢谢。
给你一份不错的资料,应该把语法问题都涵盖进去了,并且辅以例题讲解,你应该有所收获
易错点1 名词的单复数形式的误判
【典例】 —What do you think the should do first?
—They should learn to take as well as share rights in life.
A. grown-up; responsibility B. growns-up; responsibility
C. grown-ups; responsibilities D. growns-ups; responsibilities
错因分析 有些考生以为grown是复合名词的中心词,其复数形式应该在grown后面加-s;另一方面认为responsibility是不可数名词,没有复数形式,从而错选B。其实,grown-up没有中心名词,其复数形式应该在up后面加\|s;同时根据语境可知,responsibility指义务,该单词作"义务,职责"讲时,可作可数名词或不可数名词,故正确答案选C。
复合名词的复数形式一般在中心名词后面加\|s,如:looker-on → lookers-on, son-in-law → sons-in-law;但是当复合名词没有中心名词时,其复数形式是在最后的词后面加-s,如:grown-up → grown-ups; go-between → go-betweens。
易错点2 名词的格的误用
【典例】 —Look! This is .
—Very beautiful. When did she take it?
A. my mother’s picture B. my mother in the picture
C. a picture of my mother D. a picture of my mother’s
错因分析 考生可能受汉语思维的影响,错选A或B;也可能受英语双重所有格的影响,错选D。根据语境可知,正确答案选C。
my mother’s picture,意为"我妈妈所拥有的照片",暗含"照片上不一定是我妈妈"; a picture of my mother’s意为"我妈妈所拥有的照片中的一张",同样,暗含"照片上不一定是我妈妈"; a picture of my mother意为"我妈妈的照片(照片中是妈妈)";my mother in the picture意为"照片中我的妈妈",暗含"不是真实的妈妈"。
易错点3 名词作定语的误用
【典例】 —Where does your sister work, Jack?
—She works in a .
A. shop of cloth B. cloth’s shop
C. shop with clothes D. clothes shop
错因分析 有些考生会因为对名词作定语的用法运用不当而错选B。其实,clothes"服装"只有复数形式,而单数形式"布店"应用shop for cloth或cloth shop,因此,根据语境可知,正确答案选D。
名词作定语时一般用其单数形式,然而,名词parents, clothes, sports等,作定语时必须要使用其复数形式。另外,man, woman作定语时,如果中心词是单数,则用其单数形式;如果中心词是复数,则用其复数形式。
易错点4 对不可数名词的应用判断失误
【典例】 —I find it very difficult to read novel you lent me last week.
—Yes. It’s necessary to have good knowledge of history.
A. the;不填 B. a;不填 C. the; a D. a; a
错因分析 考生可能以为第一空是特指对方上周所借给"我"的小说,故应填定冠词;第二空后面是抽象名词,为不可数名词,不填冠词,于是错选A。然而,此处knowledge之前须用不定冠词,have a good knowledge of意为"对……很了解",是固定搭配,故正确答案选C。
英语中,有些抽象名词,如knowledge, history, failure, success, help, pleasure, surprise, honour等表示抽象概念时,其前面不用不定冠词,如:with pleasure, in surprise等。但是,当表示具体的概念时,其前面须用不定冠词,也可以用其复数形式。
易错点5 对专有名词的应用判断失误
【典例】 —Do you know Li Ming?
—Li Ming? Which one? I know Li Ming in our class very well. He is Lei Feng of our times.
A. 不填;不填 B. a; a C. a; the D. the; the
错因分析 有些考生可能以为两个空后面的名词都是人名,前面不用冠词,于是错选A。然而,联系语境可知,答话者至少认识两个李明,而特指他班上的那个李明时前面须用定冠词;后一空的Lei Feng由of our times修饰,说明是我们时代的特征,须用定冠词,故正确答案选D。
人名前面加定冠词,指特定的某个人或某个人的主要特征。地名前面一般不用定冠词,但是当指特定某时期的地方或某地的主要特征时,须用定冠词。如:China → the China (of) today; America → the America of last century; the New York of China等。表姓氏的复数名词前面用定冠词表示夫妇两人或全家人,如:the Greens。
易错点6 定冠词与不定冠词判断失误
【典例】 —When did you meet her last?
—I don’t remember exactly, but I’m sure it was Friday when I went to the shop to buy football.
A. a; a B. 不填;a C. the;不填 D. 不填;不填
错因分析 有些考生可能认为这两个空后面的名词前都不用冠词,从而错选D。其实,指一个特定的星期几时前面须用不定冠词;表示一个足球时,前面也须用不定冠词,故正确答案选A。
表星期几的名词前面一般不用冠词,但是当指某一个特定的星期几时,前面要加不定冠词。球类活动中,表球类的名词前不用冠词;音乐活动中,表乐器名称的名词前须用定冠词。但是,当它们不指活动,而是指具体的某件东西时,须用适当的冠词。
易错点7 冠词与零冠词应用判断失误
【典例】 —What do you think is the difference between man and woman?
—I don’t think there’s any difference.
A. the; the B. a; a C. 不填;不填 D. a; the
错因分析 有些考生可能认为,表示类别时,名词前面须用不定冠词或定冠词,于是错选A或B。其实,man, woman, mankind的单数表示类别时,用零冠词。因此,正确答案选 C。
除了上述情况用零冠词外,下列几种情况也须用零冠词:表示家人(包括保姆、厨师、家庭教师在内)的名词前,但该类名词的首字母往往大写;表示种类的短语kind of, sort of, type of等后面的名词之前;在as / though引导的倒装让步状语从句中,放在句首的名词前;用by表示交通方式的短语中等。
易错点8 受思维定式的制约
【典例】 —Remember that where and when two different English question words.
—I see, but can you tell us how to use them, sir?
A. be B. is C. are D. being
错因分析 有些考生没有弄清题意,就想当然地认为用where and when提问时,谓语动词用单数形式,于是错选B。其实,这里是指where和when这两个特殊疑问词,故正确答案选 C。
考生应该从思维定式中走出来,不要被一些假象所迷惑,而应该从实际语境出发,对题目进行仔细的考虑。
易错点9 典型数词的误用
【典例】
It is not rare in that people in fifties are going to university for further ecation.
A. 90s;the B. the 90s;/ C. 90s;their D. the 90s;their
错因分析 考生很可能错选B或C。"世纪"和"年代"均为特指概念,故第一个空要用定冠词the,表示特指,如:in the 1980s/1980’s(在20世纪80年代),in the 90s/90’s(在90年代),选项A和C首先被排除;又因为"in one’s+整十的基数词的复数形式"为一个固定的结构,意为"在某人几十多岁时",故 D为本题的正确答案。
考生要注意当表示"几十多岁"时,要用整十的基数词的复数形式来表示。
易错点10 it 用作形式主语及形式宾语时判断失误
【典例】 I would appreciate if you could come and help me with my work.
A. that B. it C. this D. one
错因分析 很多考生认为this或that可以指代上文或下文所出现的内容,于是误选A或C。其实,用于指代后面整个句子的内容且作形式宾语时,只能用it,于是正确答案选 B。
在英语中,有些动词,如:appreciate, hate, like, dislike, make, put等后面不能直接跟从句,而要用it作形式宾语。
易错点11 it, one, that, those, ones等的用法区别
【典例】 —Would you like to buy a car here?
—Yes, but I’d like to buy made in Shanghai.
A. one B. that C. it D. this
错因分析 许多考生认为此处应该用it或that指代说话双方所说的车,于是误选B或C。根据语境可知,上海制造了许多小汽车,答话者只想买其中的一辆,故正确答案选 A。
指代上文提到的名词时,it指代上文提到的那个东西,即同类同物;that指代抽象的事物或上文提到的同类事物的另一件东西,可替代可数名词,也可替代不可数名词,表示特指;而one指代上文提及事物中的其中一件,只能替代可数名词,表示泛指。
错点12 the other(s), other(s), another, the rest等的用法区别
【典例】 I have done much of the work. Could you please finish in two days?
A. the rest B. the other C. another D. the others
错因分析 本题考生易误选D项。其实本题是对the rest用法的考查。选项B、 C均修饰可数名词,选项D相当于"the other+可数名词复数"结构,这三个选项用在本题中都不合适。the rest指代名词时,既可以指代可数名词复数,也可以指代不可数名词。在本题中,the rest指代不可数名词,相当于the rest of the work,故选项 A为本题的正确答案。
当the rest作主语时,谓语动词单复数的使用要由the rest所指代的内容来决定。
易错点13 同级比较的用法易错点
【典例】
Nowadays the roles of husband and wife are not as defined as before, especially when both partners work and earn money for the family.
A.clear B.clearer C.clearly D.more clearly
错因分析 考生易分辨不清词性而误选A项。根据语法知识可知,as... as... 为同级比较结构,as与as之间要用形容词或副词的原级,故选项B和D首先被排除;又由于此处defined作动词,它要用副词来修饰,故选项 C为本题的正确答案。
在高考英语中,同级比较问题是一个常考点。其结构为:"so/as+玜dj./adv.(原级)+as...",其中的so... as... 结构只能用于否定结构中;而as... as... 结构既可以用于肯定结构中,又可以用于否定结构中,如:
She isn’t as/so nice as her sister. 她不像她姐姐那么好。
易错点14 形容词和副词的一些固定用法的误用
【典例】—Have you been to New Zealand?
—No. I’d like to, .
A.too B.though C.yet D.either
错因分析 分析句意可知,横线处应填一个表示转折关系的词,选项A和D首先被排除;yet表示转折关系时,后应接一个从句,故选 B项。
though用作连词时,意为"虽然",引导让步状语从句,通常可以与连词although互换,如:
Though/Although they are poor, they are generous.尽管他们很穷,但他们很慷慨。
另外,though还可以用作副词,意为"然而"或"但是",表示转折关系。它位于句尾时,其前通常要有一个逗号;当它位于句中时,其前后通常各用一个逗号,它的这种用法与副词however一样。要注意,although是没有这种用法的。
易错点15 几个情态动词的特殊用法易错点
【典例】 Don’t play with the dog, Jack, for it be dangerous at times.
A. shall B. should C. can D. must
错因分析 很多考生认为玩狗将很危险或者肯定很危险,从而误选A或D。其实,shall用于第二、三人称表示"允许,命令,警告,威胁"等;should表示"应该";must表示"必须,一定"等;而can除了表示"能,能够"外,还可表示"(有时)会,可能会"等。根据语境及情态动词的意义比较可知,正确答案选 C。
情态动词can在高考英语中的出现率很高,它的其他常考点┤缦陋:
can可以表示能力,表示客观的可能性,表示请示和允许,表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。主要用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。用于肯定句中表推测时,指理论上的可能性,并不涉及是否真的发生。
易错点16动词的一般过去时与现在完成时误用
【典例】 — you read the story?
—Yes. I it at school.
A. Have; read B. Did; read
C. Have; have read D. Did; have read
错因分析 有些考生认为,两个人说话时,所用的时态应该是一致的,于是误选B或C。其实,问话者指的是结果,而答话者虽然强调的是地点,但是地点暗示动作发生在过去,于是正确答案选 A。
动词时态的运用不仅要从时间状语上进行确定,而且还要从地点状语所暗示的时间关系上来推敲。如:
(1)表示过去时间的词或短语:yesterday, last night, last week, this morning, in 2006等。
(2)表示动作发生的地点:at home/school, in the factory, on one’s way to等。
易错点17 动词的一般过去时与过去进行时误用
㈡ 英语语法错误带来的笑话
aback attempts to box-haul his ship.
㈢ 英语语法有哪些常见错误
单数和复数的错误,人称的变化,动词时态,形容词和副词的使用。
㈣ 生活中常见英语语法错误
问题:
-----------
这句话确实在生活中很常见,因此大家都觉得没有什么错误。
我已经很多年回没有学习语文了。觉得这个答问题很有趣,
于是仔细分析了一下,感觉错误是这样产生的。
“意外”是一个名字,“是”是一个动词,“可以”在这里也是一个动词。
“避免”同样是一个动词,动词属于实词,当实词“避免”与后面的结构助词“的”结合在一起时,构成了名词短语“避免的”,即“避免的”是一个名词。
好,现在可以来分析一下整个句子的组成了。
名词“意外”作主语,动词“是”作谓语,动词“可以”也只能作谓语,名词短语“避免的”当然是作宾语了,这样的“主-谓-谓-宾”的结构,在语法上是错误的。
修正:
-------------
一种简单的办法,是改成“主-谓-宾”的结构。由于有两个动词可供选择,因此也有两种方案:
a、意外是避免的。
这样修改的话,语法上没错,但逻辑上不对。
b、意外可以避免的
这样修改语法和逻辑上就都正确了
还有一种修改方法,即方案C:
c、意外可以避免。
不过在这种方案中,“可以”是副词,“避免”是动词了,句子变成了“主-谓”结构。
㈤ 英语语法有哪些常见错误
您好
常见英语语法错误
1.句子成分残缺不全
We always workingtill late at night before taking exams.(误)
We are alwaysworking /We always work till late at night before taking exams(正)
We should readbooks may be useful to us. (误)
We should readbooks which may be useful to us. (正)
2.句子成分多余
This test is end,but there is another test is waiting for you. (误)
One test ends, butanother is waiting for you. (正)
The driver of thered car was died on the spot. (误)
The driver of thered car died on the spot. (正)
3.主谓不一致
Someone/Somebodythink that reading should be selective. (误)
Some think thatreading should be selective. (正)
My sister go tothe cinema at least once a week. (误)
My sister goes tothe cinema at least once a week. (正)
4.动词时态、语态的误用
I was walkingalong the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. (误)
I was walkingalong the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. (正)
We have little time to read some books which we interest. (误)
We have littletime to read some books in which we are interested. (正)
I am a student who has studying in the college for two years. (误)
I have beenstudying in the college for two years(正)
5.词类混淆
It is my pointthat reading must be selectively. (误)
In my opinion,reading must be selective. (正)
Honest is so important for everyperson. (误)
Honesty is soimportant for everyone. (正)
The old man was hit by a car when he across the street. (误)
The old man washit by a car when he was crossing the street. (正)
6.名词可数与不可数的误用
Too much tests aredisadvantage for students’ study. (误)
Too many tests aredisadvantageous to students. (正)
In modern society, people are under various pressures(误)
In modern society,people are under various kinds of pressure. (正)
7.动词及物与不及物的误用
The trafficaccident was taken place at the junction of two highways. (误)
The trafficaccident took place at the junction of two highways. (正)
Because of his excellent performance, the boss rose his salary. (误)
Because of hisexcellent performance, the boss raised his salary. (正)
8.介词to和不定式符号的混淆
Too many testswill do harm to cultivate our independent thinking. (误)
Too many testswill do harm to the cultivation of our independent thinking. (正)
All these contributed to solve the serious problem. (误)
All thesecontributed to the solution to the serious problem. (正)
9.情态动词的误用
It may not good toour health. (误)
It may be not goodto our health. (正)
They should spent much time. (误)
They should spendmuch time. (正)
10. There be句型的误用
There exists somenew problems such as being dishonest. (误)
There exist/arisesome new problems such as being dishonest. (正)
There are many way to solve the tuition and fees of college ecation. (误)
There are manyways to raise the money for the tuition and fees for college ecation. (正)
1.动宾搭配不当
We must payattention to it and make solutions to the problem. (误)
We must payattention and find a solution to the problem. (正)
It also may help you to make success. (误)
It may also helpyou succeed/obtain your goal. (正)
2.根据中文逐字硬译
If someone’sfamily situation is not well, he can apply for loan to bank. (误)
If one’s family isnot well off, he can apply to the bank for a loan. (正)
Let alone touch the outside world of campus/keep a good body health(误)
Let alone get intouch with the world outside of the campus/keep fit(正)
上面这些错误比较典型、集中,请大家务必要注意,其他的错误,如单词拼写、大小写、标点符号的误用等,可谓千姿百态,无奇不有,在此就不一一列举。
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㈥ 英语语法错误都有哪些
第一句 去掉that,
第二句把hurt改成hurts
其他基本没错误了,
希望对你有帮助
㈦ 英语语法错误导致句意不同的例句
1. proved是起修饰作用的.整句话的原句是what he said which is proved to be true。proved是来修饰what he saidwhich is 可以省略.
2.light可作名词, 加上ed原本light即为lighted则是形容词,故加ed,而fell是fall的过去式(你可能记错了)
3.remaind是起修饰作用,原句应为much things which are remaind to be down.much remaind to be down则是其缩略式,remaind是来修饰much things的
㈧ 在口语中有哪些常见的英语语法的错误表达
在国外,老外们抄有时候会避免使用陈述句,因为陈述句的表达显得生硬、没礼貌,会给人命令的感觉。这时尽量使用疑问句,否定句或从句,以积极的、建议的、比较的、人性的语气代替消极的、命令的、直接的、武断的语气,举例:点餐时,想要一杯咖啡,中式英语:I want to have a coffee. 地道英语:Could I have a coffee,please?
㈨ 中英文化差异导致英语语法错误的,详细举例,不会张嘴发生中国式英语的资料,学习下
12个中国式英语典型错误
1. 这个价格对我挺合适的。误: price is very suitable for me.正:The price is right.提示:suitable(合适
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1. 这个价格对我挺合适的。
误:The price is very suitable for me.
正:The price is right.
提示:suitable(合适的、相配的)最常见的用法是以否定的形式出现在告示或通知上,如:下列节目儿童不宜。The following programme is not suitable for children. 这句话用后面的说法会更合适。
2. 你是做什么工作的呢?
误:What's your job?
正:Are you working at the moment?
提示:what's your job这种说法难道也有毛病吗?是的。因为如果您的谈话对象刚刚失业,如此直接的问法会让对方有失面子,所以您要问:目前您是在上班吗?Are you working at the moment?接下来您才问:目前您在哪儿工作呢?Where are you working these days?或者您从事哪个行业呢?What line of work are you in?
3. 用英语怎么说?
误:How to say?
正:How do you say this in English?
提示:How to say是在中国最为泛滥成灾的中国式英语之一,这绝不是地道的英语说法。同样的句子有:请问这个词如何拼写?How do you spell that please?请问这个单词怎么读?How do you pronounce this word?
4. 明天我有事情要做。
误:I have something to do tomorrow.
正:I am tied up all day tomorrow.
提示:用I have something to do来表示您很忙,这也完全是中国式的说法。因为每时每刻我们都有事情要做,躺在那里睡大觉也是事情。所以您可以说我很忙,脱不开身:I'm tied up.还有其他的说法:I can't make it at that time. I'd love to, but I can't, I have to stay at home.
5. 我没有英文名。
误:I haven't English name.
正:I don't have an English name.
提示:许多人讲英语犯这样的错误,从语法角度来分析,可能是语法功底欠缺,因为have在这里是实义动词,而并不是在现在完成时里面那个没有意义的助动词。所以,这句话由肯定句变成否定句要加助动词。明白道理是一回事,习惯是另一回事,请您再说几话:我没有钱;I don't have any money.我没有兄弟姐妹;I don't have any brothers or sisters.我没有车。I don't have a car.
6. 我想我不行。
误:I think I can't.
正:I don't think I can.
提示:汉语里说“我想我不会”的时候,英语里面总是说“我不认为我会”。以后您在说类似的英语句子的时候,只要留心,也会习惯英语的表达习惯的。
7. 我的舞也跳得不好。
误:I don't dance well too.
正:I am not a very good dancer either.
提示:当我们说不擅长做什么事情的时候,英语里面通常用not good at something,英语的思维甚至直接踊跃到:我不是一个好的舞者。
8. 现在几点钟了?
误:What time is it now?
正:What time is it, please?
提示:What time is it now是一个直接从汉语翻译过的句子,讲英语的时候没有必要说now,因为您不可能问what time was it yesterday, 或者what time is it tommorow?所以符合英语习惯的说法是:请问现在几点了?还有一种说法是:How are we doing for time?这句话在有时间限制的时候特别合适。
9. 我的英语很糟糕。
误:My English is poor.
正:I am not 100% fluent, but at least I am improving.
提示:有人开玩笑说,全中国人最擅长的一句英文是:My English is poor. 外国人遇到自己外语不好的情况,他们会说: I am still having a few problem, but I am getting better.
10. 你愿意参加我们的晚会吗?
误:Would you like to join our party on Friday?
正:Would you like to come to our party on Friday night?
提示:join往往是指参加俱乐部或者协会,如:join a health club; join the Communist Party.事实上,常常与party搭配的动词是come 或者go。如go a wild party,或者come to a Christmas Party。
11. 我没有经验。
误:I have no experience.
正:I don't know much about that.
提示:I have no experience这句话听起来古里古怪,因为您只需要说那方面我懂得不多,或者这方面我不在行,就行了。I am not really an expert in this area.
12. ——这个春节你回家吗?
——是的,我回去。
--Will you be going back home for the Spring Festival?
误:--Of course!
正:--Sure. / Certainly.
提示:以英语为母语的人使用of course的频率要比中国的学生低得多,只有在回答一些众所周知的问题时才说of course。因为of course后面隐含的一句话是“我当然知道啦!难道我是一个傻瓜吗?”因此,of course带有挑衅的意味。在交谈时,用sure或certainly效果会好得多。同时,of course not也具挑衅的意味。正常情况下语气温和的说法是certainly not。
㈩ 因为英语语法,导致理解错误的例子
_____ different life today is _____ what it was 10 years ago.
第一空填 how 不能填 what a;第二空填from。此题中如填what a,则感叹句还原后就变成了A different life today is from what it was 10 years ago.与原句所表达的意思就不版一样了;填权how后,句子还原为Life today is different from what it was 10 years ago.