英语初二下册单词语法

❶ 初二英语下册语法重点

下册主要就是被动语态啦被动语态的主要用法
一．定义
语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。
■当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by短语。
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。(不知谁打破的)
They have been poorly paid. 他们的工资太低。(没必要指出工资是谁付的)
■突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。
The time-table has been changed. 时间表已变动了。(要突出的是“时间”)
These books are written especially for children. 这些书是专门为孩子们写的。(强调的是“”这些书)
■为了使语言得体或圆滑等不愿意说出动作的执行者。如：
You are requested to make a speech at next meeting. 请您在下次会议上作个发言。
It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 据说她要嫁给一个外国人。
■出于修辞的原因，或是说为了更好地安排句子。如：
The notion is especially opposed to by those who have invested much in the area. 这个提议特别遭到了那些在本地区投资很大的人的反对。(因those的定语太长了，若用它作主语，主语与谓语就相距太远而显得句子松散。)

8种常用时态的被动语态

由“助动词be + 动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。
(1) 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词。如：
Rice is grown in south China. 华南种植水稻。
(2) 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词。如：
The glass was broken yesterday. 这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。
(3) 现在进行时：am/is/are being +过去分词。如：
The project is being carried out. 这个计划正在执行中。
(4) 过去进行时：was/were/being +过去分词。如：
This road was being built this time last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。
(5) 一般将来时：will be +过去分词。如：
The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。
(6) 过去将来时：would be +过去分词。如：
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。
(7) 现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词。如：
This novel has been translated into several languages. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。
(8) 过去完在时：had been +过去分词。如：
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到达剧院时，发现票已卖完了。

❷ 急求初二下册英语所有语法，短语

All
all by oneself 独立，单独
above all 首先，特别是，最重要的是
after all 到底，毕竟
first of all 首先
in all 总共
most of all 最最
all at once 突然，同时，马上
all of a sudden 突然
all over (the world) 遍及（全世界）
all right 好吧，行，情况不错
all sorts of 各种各样的
all kinds of 各种各样的
all (just) the same 尽管如此，仍旧（照样）
all the year round 一年到头

all the way 从远处；自始至终

all the while = all the time = always始终
AS（conj., adv.& pron.）
as…as…与….一样
as a matter of fact 事实上
as a rule 通常
as a result 结果
as a whole 总的来说
as if(as though) 好象
as follows 如下
as for 就….而言
as(so) long as 只要
as soon as 一…就…
as soon as possible 尽快
as usual 象往常一样
as well 也，还
as well as 同。。。。。。一样
might(may) as well 不妨
so as to 以便
At (prep.)
at a time 一次，每次

at breakfast 早餐时，正在吃早饭

at first 最初

at home 在家

at last最后，终于

at least 至少

at (the) most至多，不超过

at one time 以前，曾经

at once 立刻，马上

at night 在夜里，在晚上

at midnight 在半夜

at present 目前，现在

at times =from time to time

=once in a while 有时候

at sea在大海上，在航行

at one’s own expense 自费

at sb’s service 听侯某人的吩咐

at table 在进餐

at the table 在桌旁

at the bottom 在底端

at the end (of) 最后，尽头

at the latest 最迟

at the mercy of 在……的支配下

at the head of 在……的前头

at the moment 此刻

at the same time 同时

at work 在工作

laugh at 嘲笑

throw at向……扔去

come / run / jump at 扑向…

work hard at 努力工作（学习）

By (prep.)

by accident偶然地

by air(sea, bus…)乘飞机（乘船，乘车……）

by chance = by accident 碰巧，偶然地

by day(night) 在白天（夜晚）

day by day 一天天地

by and by 不久

by far得多，最最

learn (know)…by heart 记熟，背诵

by mistake 错误地，由于疏忽所致

by all means

=by any means无论如何，

以任何手段

by oneself 独自地

one by one 一个一个地

by the way 顺便说（问）

by way of …途径…

by turns 轮流

side by side 肩并肩，并排，一起

by the side of 在……附近

Break (v.)

break away from 摆（逃）脱，脱离，破除

break down （机器、车辆等）坏了，（身体）垮了，中断，压倒，分解

break forth 迸发，突然

break in 强行进入，插嘴，打岔，使习惯

break into破门而入，打断，占用

break into tears / laughter 突然大哭 / 大笑

break off突然停止（中断），打断，折断

break out爆发，突然发生

break through 突破，打破

break up分解，驱散，停课，腐蚀，散会，

break the ice = break silence打破沉默/僵局

break the law / rules 违反法律/规则

break a promise 违背诺言

break a record 打破纪录

Bring (v.)

bring about 引起= cause，实现，使发生

bring down 使倒下，使下降，击落，推翻

bring forth 引起，使产生

bring in 收（庄稼），提出，（使）得到（收入），引入，增加，

bring on 使发生，引起

bring out 说明，阐明，出版

bring to an end 结束

bring up抚养，培养，呕吐，提出

Call(v.)

call at (a place) 访问（某地）

call back 回电话

call for要求，需要; 邀约（同往）接，取

call in 来访，召来，召集，请来，收回

call on(upon) 拜访/看望(某人)，号召，要求

call up 给…打电话，征召（入伍），叫….起床，使想起（往事）

call off 取消，把…叫开

Catch

1.catch a bad cold

2.catch a bus/train

3.catch fire

4.be caught in the rain/the traffic jam

5.catch hold of

6.catch one’s breath (由于吃惊,害怕等而)屏息, 暂时停止呼吸；缓口气, 歇口气

catch one’s eye 引起注意

catch sight of 看见

catch up with 赶上(某人), 在功课等方面赶上来

catch sb. doing

Come(v.)

in the years to come

come into use 开始被使用

come into view 出现在眼前, 进入视线

come true

how come…? = how does/did it happen?怎么发生的?(某事)怎么解释?

come about 发生，造成

come across /upon（无意中）

碰到，找到，想到，越过

come along 跟去，一道去，赶快，进展

come down 下降，下落，传下来

come into power(office) 执政，就职

come out 出来，出版，发行

come into being/ existence 产生，建立

come to 来到（某地），共计，来参加（活动），谈到，恢复知觉 = come to onself

come to a conclusion 得出结论

come to an end 结束

come to nothing(no good) 没有结果（没有好处）

die

die away （尤指声音、风、光）渐渐消失

die down （物质特性和感情的）逐渐减弱，逐渐平息

die off (一群生物)相继死去

die out (家族, 种族) 灭绝, 死绝 (做法, 观念) 完全消失, 绝迹, 废除

die for sth. / to do sth. 迫切想得到某物/想做某事

Do (v.)

do sb.justice 公道的对待

do without 不用，不吃，不要

That will do!那就行了！

do a good deed 做好事，干得好，搞好工作

do away with 消灭，清除，取消，破除

do good (to sb.) 有好处，有用处，做好事

do harm (to sb.) 有害处，不利

do sb. a favour 帮个忙

do sb. good/ harm 对某人有好处/坏处

do / try one’s best 尽力，竭力

do the deed 付诸行动，生效

do one’s ty 履行职责

do up 收拾，整理，修理，打扮，包，捆

do with 处理，对付，想，将就用

do wonders 创造奇迹

do experiment/ research

do wrong (right) 做错（对）

have sth (nothing)to do with和…有（无）关

Down(adv. Prep.)

bring down 使倒下，击落

break down 分解

burn down把……烧成平地，烧光

get down to sth/ doing sth.开始认真（做某事）

hand down 把……传下来

put down记下，镇压

tear down 拆毁，拆除

turn down 关小，调低,拒绝

down the road /street 沿这条街

For (prep.)

for a while 暂时，一时

for ever 永远

for free免费

for the moment暂时

for one thing, for another (thing)首先，其次

answer for 为…负责

have a gift for 对……有天赋

make a plan for 为……作计划

pay for sth. 付给…的钱

stand for 代表，象征

as for / to…至于，说到

care for 喜欢，想要

change… for用……换

fix a date for 约定……的日期

make / head for…朝…方向走去

leave / set out / start for…动身前往…

send for 派人去叫、请

search for

From (prep.)

date from = date back to 始于，追溯到

come from

be made from

die from / of

suffer from 患…病，受…之苦

prevent sb. from doing

stop / keep sb. from doing

tell…from..把…与…区别开

tell right from wrong 辨别是非

free …from ...使…免受

separate …from 把…与…分开

protect sth / sb. from 保护…是不受…

from beginning to end

from side to side

from place to place

from door to door

from west to east

from time to time = sometimes

Give (v.)

give away捐赠, 让掉, 分发, 分送；泄露(机密), 暴露(自己的情况)

give back还给, 归还；恢复(健康等)

give on/upon 俯瞰, 对着

give over to移交给, 移作…之用

give place to / give way to

让位给, 转而成为

give rise to 引起

give a talk 作报告，作演讲

give birth to 生，产生

give in 让步，屈服，妥协，投降，交上来

give off （散）发出

give one’s life 献出自己的生命

give sb a hand 帮某人忙

give one’s regards(greetings) to向…问好

give out 散发，分发

give up sth/ doing sth. 放弃，交出，投降

Get (v.)

get about （消息）传开，到处走动

get along 进行，过活，相处，走开

get away 逃掉，逃跑

get away from 避免，摆脱，离开

get back 回来，收回

get close to 接近

get down 记下来，打下来，落下

get down on one’s knees 屈膝下跪

get down to 开始认真（做某事）

get into the habit of 染上。。。。。。的习惯

get hold of 拿到，找到，抓住

get in 进站，进去，回来，收进去，请来

get in touch with sb. 与某人取得联系

get off 起飞，（动身）离开，脱下（衣服等）

get on （某方面）进行情况，相处，上车， get on well with 与……相处融洽

get over 克服，忍受，摆脱（疾病等）

get rid of 消灭，摆脱，除掉

get round 传开，绕过，回避

get through 做完，结束，通过（电话）接通

get together 聚会，联欢

get up 起床，站起来，举办

get along with sb. 与某人相处

get around/round to sth. 找到时间做某事, 来得及做某事

get into the habit / hobby of.. 养成…习惯/爱好

get off/on the bus/plane/train

Go (v.)

go ahead开始(做某事), 开始(讲话)；

往前走, 走在前面, 先走

go around (疾病)流传, (谣言)传开；满足人人的需要, 足够分配

go back to 可追溯到

go down下降, (价格, 价值, 水平, 质量等) 降低；下沉, 沉没；载入(史册), 传下去

go down with 因…病倒(多指突发病) 无被动

go Dutch 各付各的钱

go fifty-fifty 均分摊, 平分, 合力(做某事)

go from bad to worse 越来越糟, 每况愈下

go halfway (to meet sb.) 作一些妥协让步

go into 调查, 了解, 研究；从事(某一行业)；讨论, 细谈；进入(某种状态)

go to extremes/the other extreme 走极端/走到另一个极端

go with 相配

go without 不吃, 没有(供享用) (常指被迫如此)

go for (无被动)攻击, 抨击, 批评；去找(某人), 想法得到(某物)

go after 追求，设法得到

go away 走开，离开

go against 违反，违背

go ahead 进行，进展，用吧，说吧，先走

go all out 全力以赴

go bad（食物等）变坏，坏掉

go by 走过，经过

go in for 爱好，从事（某种事业或活动）

go on 发生，进行，进展，继续下去

go off 走开

go out 出去，熄灭，过时

go over 温习，审阅，检查，研究

go through审阅，学习，练习，经历，经过

go up上涨，上升

In (prep.,adv.)

in a flash 一刹那间

in a word总之，简言之

in a hurry 匆忙地，很快地

in (actual) fact 事实上

in a sense 从某种意义上说

in a short while 不久，一会而后

in advance 事先，提前

in all 总共，总的来说

in any case不管怎样

in battle 在战斗中

in case 如果，以防（有某种情况）

in chains上着镣铐，在囚禁中

in charge of 主管，负责

in the charge of 被……掌管（负责）

in common 共同，共用

in danger 在危险中

in debt 负债，欠帐

in front 前方，正面对

in front of在……前面

in the front of 在 （某物体内部）的前面

in full 全文地，全部地

in general = generally speaking一般地说

in honour of 为了纪念…，为向…表示敬意

in high / low / poor spirits兴高采烈/情绪低落

in love (with sb.) （和某人）恋爱，热爱

in modern / ancient times 现代，近代/在古代

in one’s opinion 据（某人的）看法

in order to(that) 为了, 以便

in other words 换句话说

in a word = in short 总之，简而言之

in peace 平静地，安宁地

in place of = instead of 代替

in public 在公众面前，公开地

in search of 寻找

in (one’s) search for 寻找，寻求

in return 作为报答

in silence 沉默地，无声地

in short(=in a word ) 总之

in space 在宇宙空间，在太空

in the air 在空中

in the sky 在天空

in spite of 尽管

in that case 假如那样的话

in /ring the course of 在……过程中

in the day = in the day time在白天

in the future 将来，以后

in future 今后，日后

in the end 最后

in the meantime 与此同时

in the middle (of)在……中间

in the direction of 朝着….的方向

in all directions =in every direction朝四面八方

in time 及时地

in good time / season 及时地，适时地

in turn 轮流

in return（作为）回报

believe in 相信，信任

bring in 引进，引来，吸收

call in 召来，召集

hand in 上交，递交

hand in hand 并进，联合，手牵手

drop in 顺便走访

drop in on sb. / drop in at a place

join in 参加/加入（某项活动）

once in a while 偶尔，间或

play a part / role in 在…起作用 / 扮演角色

stand in line 站在队伍里

succeed in sth. / doing sth. （在…方面）成功

take part in参加

Keep (v.)

keep a promise 遵守诺言

keep a secret 守秘密

keep watch 注意，警惕，提防

keep back 扣下，隐瞒，忍住（眼泪）

keep body and soul together 维持生活

keep / bear in mind记住，想着

keep off 避开，挡住，不接近

keep one’s balance 保持平衡

keep on doing继续（干）

keep out 遮挡，使不入内

keep silence 保持沉默（安静）

keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事

keep up 保持，维持，继续（某活动）

keep up with 跟上，及时了解（情况）

Let

let alone (用于表示接着提到的事更不可能) 更不用说, 更谈不上

let sb./sth. alone 对某人/某事放任不管/置之不理

let sb./sth. be 不打搅/不干涉某人/某事

let down 把(衣服)加长,放大； 使某人失望, 失约于某人

let in 把某人/某物放入, 允许进入容许, 许可

let sb./sth. off宽恕，从轻处理；免除（责任，处分等）；放(枪, 炮等), 使爆炸

let out放出, 释放；泄露, 使知道

let sb. go 放某人走, 让某人逃走

Look（v.）

look about/around环顾四周，四周寻找

look up to 尊敬

look on 观望, 旁观

look after 照顾 ，照管

look as if 看起来似乎

look back（upon）回想，回顾
6 高中英语常用词组归纳

come on 来吧，赶快

congratulate …on 祝贺

depend on = rely on依靠，相信, 取决于

from then(now) on 从那时（现在）起

feed on以……为主食

have…on穿着，戴着

have an effect on 对……产生作用

insist on doing sth 坚持要做…

live on 靠…为生

look down on(upon) 轻视，看不起

keep on (doing sth) 继续（做某事）

move on 继续前进，

pass on 传递，转移到

play a joke / trick on 戏弄（某人）

spend / waste money / time on sth.

Out(adv.,prep)

break out 爆发，突然发生

carry out 开展，执行，实现

check out 查明，结帐

die out 消失，灭亡

find out 找出，查出

give out 分发，散发，用完

hand out分发

help…out 帮某人从困境中解脱

hold out 伸出

look out 留神，当心

pick out 挑出

point out 指出

put out 扑灭，关熄

run out of 用完

send out 发出，派遣

set out发出，开始

show…out 领……出去

try out 实验

work out 算出，解决，制定出

be tired / worn out 精疲力竭

out of 从……向（往）外

out of breath 上气不接下气

out of work 失业，没工作

out of one’s reach 够不着

out of question 没问题

out of the question 不可能

Put（v.）

put sb./sth. through to sb 为某人接通电话

put sb. up 向某人提供食宿

put up with sb./sth 忍受或容忍某人/某事

put away 存起来，收拾起来

put back 推迟，放回（原处），拨回（时钟）

put down 写下来，镇压

put forward 提出，提前

put in order 整理

put into practice 付诸实施

put off 推迟，延期，关上（开关等）

put on 穿（戴）上，上演，打开（开关等）

put on weight 增加体重

put out 熄灭，生产，出版

put up 举（架）起，修建，张贴，留宿

send

send away/off for sth. 写信索取, 邮购

send back 退还不要, 退货, 发送回来

send down = cause to go down 使下降

send for 派人去请/取, 叫； 去信索取, 邮购

send in (向上级等) 提出, 交上去, 寄去(投稿等)

send off发(信, 包裹), 发送(信息)；（给…送行

send on 转寄(信件)到新地址, 转送(信件)

send out发出, 发；发出(光亮等), 长出(嫩芽等)

send out for 派人出去买/取

send to 让上(学等)

send to one’s death 使…送命

send up发射, 发出

Set （v.）

set aside 储存

set back阻碍…的进展,使受挫,延缓

set about doing 开始（着手）做

set an example 作出榜样

set down 放下，写（记）下

set fire to=set…on fire 放火，烧着

set off 使爆炸，引起，起程

set out 出发，动身，开始，着手，列举，

set sail 起航

set to work （使）开始做……

set up 立（支）起来，成（建）立

Take（v.）

take sth. seriously 认真对待某事

take sth. into consideration 考虑某事

take sth. lying down承认失败

take a（one’s）seat 就座，坐下

take a look at 看一下

take a photograph （of）照一张（…的）相

take aim 瞄准

take an action 采取行动

take an interest in 对……感兴趣

take along 随身带着

take away拿走，拿开，使离开

take back 收回，让退（货）

take…by surprise 使…吃惊，出奇兵攻占

take care 注意，当心

take care of 照顾，负责

take charge of 负责

take exercise 做运动

take…for granted 视为当然，想必是

take hold of 抓住，握住

take in 订阅，使上当，收留，吸收

take…in one’s arm （拥）抱

take it easy 别紧张，放松些

take note（notice）of 注意，理会

take notes 记录，作笔记

take off 脱掉，起飞，减（去）掉

take （a day）off休假（一天）

take office 就职，上任

take on 雇用，招收，具有（……的意思），take on a new look呈现一片新面貌

takeone’s defeat(things)lying down甘心失败

take (an active) part in（积极）参加

take one’s place 就座，代替某人的职务

take place 发生，举行

take the place of 代替，取代

take possession of 占有，拥有

take pride in 为……感到骄傲

take turns ( to do…)轮流 (做)

take up 开始学习，开始（某活动，空间）

take up arms 拿起武器

Turn(v.)

turn a deaf ear (blind eye)to不听（不理睬）

turn down 拒绝，关小点

turn in 上交，交进去，上床睡觉

turn on(off) 打开（关）

turn out 结果，原来（情况是），产生，制造

turn over 移交，打翻，翻耕，翻阅，考虑

turn to 求助于，翻到，转到

turn up 出席，出现，开大点，查找

turn around/round 转过身

turn away 不理睬

turn back 折回, 往回走

turn into 变为, 使变为; 翻译, 译为(另种文体)

turn over a new leaf 翻开新的一页, 重新开始, 改过自新

turn a blind eye to 视而不见, 故意不理turn a deaf ear to 充耳不闻

Up(adv.)

break up 分解，腐蚀

bring up 教育，培养，提出，呕吐

build up 逐步实现

clear up 整理，弄清，晴（开）朗起来

come up 抬头，上来，上升

cut up 切碎，齐根切断

divide up 分配

eat up 吃完，吃光

use up 用光

fix up 安顿，修理好

give up (doing) 放弃，投降，献出

go up 上涨，上升

grow up 生长，长大

hold up 抬起，阻挡，使停顿

join up 把…连接（联合）起来

make up 编出，构成，弥补

open up 开创，开辟

pick up 接收，拾起，捡起

put up 举（架）起，张贴，留宿

round up 赶拢，使集拢

speed up 加快速度

set up 建立，创立

stay up 不睡，挺住，站立

take up 占去，占据

throw up 呕吐，吐出

turn up 到达，出现

wake up 醒来

Way(n.)

all the way从远处, 全程，一直地

ask the way 问路

by the way 顺便说（问）

by way of 取道，经由

have a long way to go 还有很长的路

in a(one) way 在某种程度上

in a bad way 身体状况不好，情况不妙

in any way 在任何（哪）方面

in every way 在各方面，以各种方式

in many ways 在很多方面

in no way 怎样也不，决不

in the (a) family way 怀孕了

in the way / in one’s way 碍事，妨碍

lead the way 带路

make one’s way to 向……走去

lose one’s way 迷路

make way for 给……让路

on the way (to) 在（去）……路上

With(prep.)

agree with sb. / what-clause

(但：agree to sth. / a plan, suggestion…)

compare …with…把…与…相比较

be rich / high in 盛产，…含量丰富

❸ 初二下学期英语语法

1 、宾语从句：

如果一个句子作为动词或介词的宾语，称为宾语从句。

（1） 如果一个特殊疑问句作某个动词或介词的宾语，一定要用其陈述的语序。如： they often ask him where he is from.. 不能说成： they often ask him where is he from.

（2） 某些特殊疑问句作宾语可以简写成“特殊疑问句 +to do” 的形式。例如： i am thinking about what to say < what i should say.> 我正在考虑我该说点儿什么。

练习：

一， 选择题；

( )1,thanks a lot for---------me about it. a.to tell b.tell c.telling d.told

( )2.best wishes-------your birthday. a. for b.to c.on d.in

( )3.in england, people usually call james jim-------. a.shortly

b.for short c.easy d.easily

( )4. mother with her three children-----------going shopping.

a.are b.is c.will d.were

( )5. march 8 th is-----------.a.the womens day b.the womans day

c.womens day d.women day

二， 改错题：

（ ） 1.every here like english very much.

a b c d

( )2.mr wu is going to want me to give a talk.

a b c d

( )3.in england, you never cant put their family name first.

a b c d

( )4.i dont know why do people call me jim.

a b c d

( )5.id like to buy something for mr wu in teachersday.

a b c d

三、 单项选择：

（ ） 1.best wishes---------teachersday. a.to b.for c.of d.with

( )2.thank you for english fun. a.make b.to make c.makes d.making

( )3.in england , people never use the first name their family name.

a.before. b.in front of c.with d.after

( )4.the teacher didnt teach us in the last lesson.

a.new anything b,new something c.anything new d.something new

( )5.everyone is here. nobody is-----------

a.not away b,away c.not out d.go

( )6.his friends call jim short. a.he, for b.him, for c.him,in d.her,for

( )7.would you like to give us a-----------?

a.talking b.talk c.to talk d.talks

( )8.come to my office after school, tom. lets a talk about your

lessons.

( )9.----hi, tom. how is your father? -----oh,----------------

a.he is not tall b. he doesnt feel well c.he is old d.he is a teacher

( )10.david william lewis is called when we meet him for

the first time.

a.dave b.david c.mr lewis d.mr willian

( )11.rober thomas brow is my very good friend, so i usually call

him-------

a.mr brown b.rober browm c.bob d.mr robert

( )12. something about your family, ok?

a.say b.tell c.speak d.talk

( )13.you can call me bob, you should never call me mr bob.

a.but b.or c.and d./

( )14.in china, the first name is name.thats different english name.

a .family, with b.given, from c.family, from d.given ,with

( )15,im very glad the news.

a.hear b.to hear c.listen dlistening

( ) 16.what about to the great wall hotel ?

a.go b.to go c.goes d.goin 语法 :

2. 一般将来时 : be going to 结构的用法 :

(1) 用 be going to+ 动词原形表示 ” 将要发生的事情或主观上打算 , 计划 , 决定要做的事 . 其后的时间状语通常为表示短期或近期含义的短语或表示固定时间的从句 . 如 :tomorrow morning,/tomorrow afternoon /tomorrow evening, next month /next week /next year /next saturday, this week /year/afternoon/saturday. 或者 when you grow up---------? 等等

(2) be going to 结构中 ,be 是助动词 , 要按句中主语的人称和数的变化而变化 . 其后要接动词的原形 . 该句的否定式是在 be 后面加 not, 其疑问式将 be 提到句首 . 如 :she is going to help her mother clean the house this sunday./we are going to watch tv tomorrow evening. /are they going to have a sports meeting next month.? /there is going to be

an english call tomorrow afternoon..

(3), 在英语中 , 表示位置转移的动词 , 如 :come, go, fly, drive, leave, stay, 等 , 可用现在进行时表示按计划或安排即将发生的事 , 不必用 be going to 结构 . 如 :she is flying to nanjing herself. 明天她一个人飞往南京 . are you driving home ? 你开车回家吗 ?

练习：

单项选择题：

（ ） 1.what are you going to do friday evening ? a.in b.on c.at d.of

( )2.do you have to do every day ?

a..much work b.many work c.much works d.many works

( )3.what about meat for supper ?

a.to buy some b.to buy any c.buying some d.buying any

( )4. ann her hair this saturday .

a.wash b.washes c. to wash d.is going to wash

( )5.my school is near. i like walking there.

a.too b.quite c.quiet d.so

( )6. these new shoes are for .

a.you and i b.i and you c.you and me d.me and you

( )7. would you like boating ?

a.go b.to go c.going d.to go to

( )8. why not there by bus ?

a.to go b.goes c. go d .going

( )9. are you free next saturday ? ------------------.

a.sure b.i think so c .nothing much d.why

( )10.i s li ming good singing ?

a.at b.in c.on d. for

( )11.i have some books .

a.read b.reading c.to read d.to reading

( )12.a.re you going to stay at school on may day ? no, im not. .

a.im going to home b.im home c.im going home d. i go to home

( )13. kate has good friends at school.

a.a quite lot of b,quite a lot of c.quite a lot d.a quite of

( )14. its five miles the farm the bus stop .

a.from , to b.to, from c.from , with d.from ,by

( )15. our teacher likes us english in the morning .

a.to read b.reading c.read d.reads

( )16. they are going to play football next friday.

a.on b./ c.in d.at

( )17. lets now .

a.going to the park b.to play games c.are singing d.have a rest

3 . 形容词的比较级和最高级的用法：

(1) 表示两者之间的比较时用比较级，常用于“比较级 +than ”结构。如：

this box is heavier than that one . 这个盒子比那个重。

he is much taller than i < am > ,< 口语一般用 me >. 他比我高很多。通常可用 much, a little , a lot , still , even 等词修饰比较级。还可以用“数词 + 名词”构成的名词短语表示确定的度量，来修饰比较级。如：

i am ten years older than my little brother. 我比我的小弟弟大了十岁。

(2) 表示三者或三者以上的比较时用最高级，常用于“最 -----“.

最高级的前面一般要加定冠词 the, 后面可带 of<in> 短语来说明比较的范围。如： the one with nuts is the nicest of all . 里面夹果仁的月饼是所有月饼中最好吃的。 li lei is the best at english in his class. 李雷在他们班英语学得最好。

此外，最高级还可以被序数词所修饰。如：

the yellow river is the second longest in china. 黄河是中国第二大长河。

一， 根据句意填入适当的词：

1,they are having tea the open air .

2,thank you very much your help.

3,would you like to come supper?

4,wu xia is the at chinese in her class.

5,this is a book many colour picture

6,our classroom is clean .it is cleaner yours.

7,this bottle is empty .may i have a one ?

8,what is the with your pen ? it is broken.

9, is the third season of a year.

二， 句子改写：

ma li lis ruler is longer than kates.( 变为一般疑问句 )

—— ma li lis ruler____,_____kates?

2,jims box is the heaviest of all.( 变为否定句 )

jims box _____the heaviest of all.

3,the black bag is the oldest of the four .( 对划线部分提问 )

_____ _____is the oldest of the four ?

4,li lei is thirteen. zhang hong is twelve.( 连成一句 )

li lei is one year____ _____zhang hong.

5,tom is the tallest boy in the class.( 同义句改写 )

tom is ____ than____ _____boy in the class.

6,he watches tv every evning.( 用 this evening 替换 every evening)

he _____ _____ _____ ______tv this evening.

三， 用所给的词的适当形式填空：

1,i have nothing_____(do) today.

2,is lucy running_____(slow) than lili ?

3,what kind of _____(ck) are you feeding now?

4,his hobby is____(is)an artist.

5,which do you think is______(beauty), the city or the country?

6can you hear something_______(sing) in the next room?

7,stop_____(play). now lets have our lesson.

8what _____(grow)on this farm?

9,now my brother is learning more about ______(draw).

10,riding a bike is much ______(easy).

四， 根据句意填上一个最恰当的词，使句子通顺，语法正确：

1,do you all agree____her? 2, the corn_____slowly.

3,i pick more pears than he_____. 4,why____come with us ?

5,which ____faster , a taxi or a bus ? 6,today she____to stay at

home. 7,my little dog is hungry. i must _____it.

8,my mother likes ____me some stories at weekend.

9,what are you going to do after you _____school?

10,i think the trees in shenyang is much fewer than____in dalia. 五，句型转换：

1,please walk guickly, or you will miss the train.

______ ______ _____walk guickly,you will miss the train.

2,do you have time this weekend? ____ you___this weekend?

3, lets have a rest ? ____ ____ ____a rest? ____ ____have a rest.

4, which is the way to the station, please ?

______ _____the station, please?

5,i dont know. i have _____ ______.

6,the post office is not inside the station.

the post office is______the station.

7,jim sits in front of bill. bill sits_____jim.

8,today some countries dont use animals to do farm work any more. today some countries____ _____use animals to do farm

work.

9,this pen is cheaper than any other one in the shop.

this pen is_____ ______in the shop.

五， 动词的适当形式填空：

1． listen! who______(sing) in the classroom?

2,may i_____(come)in? im sorry im late.

it_____(not, matter). come in ,please.

3.jim usually____(do) his homework at school,but he______

(do) it at home now .

4,we____(see)uncle wang tomorrow. would you like______

(go) with us ? 5,why not______(go) boating?

6.what about _______(go) on a picnic?

4 ．提建议的表达方法：

ⅰ、 shall i / we do( 动词原形 )------ ？表示“我 / 我们 ----- 好吗？” 例： shall we go to the zoo? 我们去动物园好吗？

ⅱ、 lets do( 动词原形 )------ 。表示“让我们做 ----- 吧”

例： lets make it half past one. 让我们定在一点半吧。

iii 、 why not do( 动词原形 )------ 表示“为什么不做 ----- 呢？”

例： why not give her some flowers? 为什么不送给她一些花呢？

5 ．怎样“表示需要”、“询问方向”和“指点方向”

i ．表示需要： 1.he needs some help . 2.you need a number 16 bus.

3.which number do i need ?

ii. 怎样“问路（询问方向）”：

1.e xcuse me. which is the way to the post office?

2.excuse me. can(could) you tell me the way to the park?

3.excuse me. can(could) you show me the way to the bookshop?

4.excuse me. do you know the way to the bank?

5.excuse me. how can i get to the farm ?

6.excuse me.can(could) you tell me how i can get to the hospital?

7.excuse me,can(could) you tell me where the theatre is?

8.excuse me.where is the nearest hospital, please?

iii. 怎样“指点道路”（指点方向）：

1 、 its over there on the right /left.

2 、 its next to /in front of /behind /outside the school.

3 、 walk along /do down this road.

4 、 take the first turning on the left /right.==turn left /right at the

first turning.

5、 ts about two hundred metres along on the left /right .

6、 ts about five kilometers away.

a) its about ten minutes ‘ walk from here.

b) the nearest is about three kilometers away. you need a no.1 bus.

c) take a no.3 bus on the right and get off at the sixth stop.

6. 序数词的用法：表示事物的顺序叫序数词。序数词往往与定冠词 the 连用。

（ 1 ）， 1----3 ，没有规律，要逐个记忆。

one first ; two second ; three third ;

(2). 4-----12. 有规律，其中 four, six , seven ,ten , eleven 是在基数词的后面加上 th, 而 five fifth , eight eighth , nine ninth , twelve twelfth 是没有规律，要逐个记忆。

(3). 13------20 有规律，是在基数词的后面加上 th 就行。

（ 4 ）。第二十至第九十的整十的倍数都是在基数词后将词尾的 -y 改为 i, 再加 -eth 构成的。

（ 5 ），十位以上的基数词变成序数词时，把个位数变成序数词即可，十位数不变。第一百、第一千、第一百万都是在基数词的后面直接加上 -th 构成。

（ 6 ），序数词的缩写形式是由阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。

附： 基数词变为序数词的口诀：

基变序，有规律，词尾加上 th ；

一、二、三，特殊记，词尾字母 t,d,d ;

八减 t , 九减 e, f 来把 ve 替；

单词 ty 作结尾， ty 变成 tie;

若是碰到几十几，只变个位就可以。

练习题：

一．听力： 20 分。 （四个类型）略。

二．笔试： 80 分。

《一》。 词汇：

a． 根据句子的意思及首字母提示，用适当的词填空：

1． w______back to school. 2.october comes after s_______.

3.there are many b______flowers in the park.

4.e______is the biggest animal on the land.

5.walk along this road, and take the fourth t_____on the right.

6.shall we meet o_____the school gate?

7.dont swim in the river. its d_______.

8.tigers usually live in the f______and the mountains.

9.its far from here.you had better c_____a bus .

d) thank you all the s______.

e) do you n____any help , miss black?

f) lets make it half past nine .no p_____.

g) this big box is too h______.i cant carry it .

h) jim often goes the w_____way .

i) i am very t______. shall i have a rest?

b. 按要求写出下列各词：

1. busy( 比较级 )______ 2.big( 最高级 )_______3.early( 比较级 )____4.nice( 最高级 )______5.beautiful( 比较级 )___________

6.good( 比较级 )______7.many( 最高级 )______8.slowly( 比较级 )_____9.five( 序数词 )_____10.one( 序数词 )_____11.two( 序数词 )_______12.three( 序数词 )______13.nine( 序数词 )______

14. twelve( 序数词 )_____15 .twenty( 序数词 )_____16. swim( 现在分词 )_____17. close( 形容词 )_____18. friend( 形容词 )______

19. wish( 复数 )______20. full( 反义词 )_____21. before( 反义词 )_____22. right( 同音词 )_____23. alse( 同义词 )______24. free( 反义词 )_____25. strong( 比较级 )______26.foot( 复数 )______27. run( 名词 )_____28. zoo( 复数 )_____29. play( 名词 )______30. quick( 副词 )______

c. 根据汉语提示，用单词的适当形式填空：

1． lucy is feeling much ______( 更好 )now.

2． this turkey ________( 尝起来 )fine.

2. miss li is __________( 讲 )children a story.

3. at night ,there are many ______( 星星 )in the sky.

4. he jumps_______( 最高 )at the sports meeting.

二．选择填空： 20 分。略。

三．改写句子：根据要求完成下列各句：

1. he is washing his clothes now.( 用 tomorrow 改写 )

he is _______ ______wash his clothes tomorrow.

2. he is taller than any other student in his class.( 变为同义句 )

he is______ _______in his class.

3. you had better go there on foot .( 改为否定句 )

you had ______ ______go there on foot.

4. they are going to leave on monday.( 划线部分提问 )

_______ _______they going to leave?

5. you usually come to school by bike.( 改为否定疑问句 )

_______you usually______to school by bike?

四．口语运用：从 b 栏中找出能与 a 栏配对的答语：

a b

( )1.what are you going to do next sunday? a.some bread.

( )2.shall we go to the zoo? b.some bread ,please.

( )3.when shall we meet? c.sorry ,im busy .

( )4.what about a quarter past ten ? d.nothing much.

( )5.what can you see on the table / e.at a quarter past ten.

( )6.what would you like ? f. no . lets make it a little earlier.

( )7.are you free tomorrow ? g.i think so.

( )8.could you go there with me tomorrow ? h.good idea.

( )9.what does it say ? i.dont feed the animals.

( )10. would you like to go to the cinema? j. yes, id love to.

五．动词填空：用所给的动词的适当形式填空：

1._______jim usually______(walk) to school ?

2.everyone _____( be) here. let the teacher ______(start) his lesson.

3.i have much homework________(do) and i must finish________(do)it first .

5. she usually ______(play) football on sundays,but now she _____(swim).

6. what ____he_________(do) tomorrow ?

六．补全对话：

a ; excuse me,______ _______a fruit shop near here ?

b; i am______i_______know. i am new here. you had better______that policeman_______there.

a; thank you ______the_____.

b:excuse me , ______the nearest fruit shop ,please?

c;sorry ,there isnt.

a:then ______ _______is the nearest one from here?

c: its_______seven kilometers________. you had better catch a bus.

a: which bus shall i take ,please ?

c: the no.105 bus. it will take you______there .

a; where is the bus stop ,please ?

c: go along this road , and then take the first turning on the right. you can see______in front of you .

a; thank you very much.

c: not at all.

七．看图完成对话：

kate: excuse me! _____can i

____ _____the nearest market ,please?

jill:_____ ______this street, and

______the third______on the ____.

then take the second turning on the _______.

its about _______ _____ _____along on the right.

kate: oh, i see. thanks a lot .

jill:its my pleasure.

八． 书面表达：

根据要求写一段对话：（看图写，不少与 50 个词）

henry is going to buy a dictionary.

he doesntknow the way to the bookshop .

so he asks sam to go with him .

but sam says he is busy. he shows henry

on the map .look at the map,and make a dialogue.

❹ 初二下册英语（人教版）的语法

一、被动语态概述

语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。

如：

Heopenedthedoor.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态）

Thedoorwasopened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）

二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。

1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明：

2、被动语态的句式变化：

以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：

3、含有情态动词的被动语态

情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如：

Tablescanbemadeofstone.桌子可由石头制造。

.那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）

Cantablesbemadeofstone?桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）

三、主动语态变为被动语态

转换图示：

1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：

（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：

注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如：

Tomkilledhim.→HewaskilledbyTom.

（2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。

注意：Theyheldameetingyesterday.→.他们昨天开会了。

（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。

注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。

Hesangasong.→Asongwassungbyhim.

2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：

含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。

Jacktolsthetruth.杰克告诉了我们真相。

WeweretoldthetruthbyJack.

Thetruthwastold(to)usbyJack.

四、动词的主动形式表示被动之意

系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意

常见的系动词有：

①be动词

②……起来（7个）：look/seem/appear,feel(感觉，摸起来),sound,smell,taste

e.g.Sheseems/appearshappy.Itsmellsterrible.

③(逐渐)变得/变成：become,grow,get,turn,come,go

e.g.Hiswishhascometrue.

.

Thetreeisgrowingtall.

④保持：keep,stay

e.g..

五、下列动词（词组）没有被动式：

1、happen,takeplace,breakout,belongto,cost,take

2、不及物动词sell,wash,read,write,open,close,shut,lock,wear等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。

○1、.（×）昨天发生了一起事故。

Anaccidenthappenedyesterday.

○2、Theflowersmellssweet.这花闻起来很香。

○3、Thewatchlooksgood.这表看起来很好。

○4、Thisbooksellswell.这本书畅销。

○5、Thekindofclothwasheswell.这种布很容易洗。

○6、Thearticlereadswell.这篇文章读起来很好。

○7、Thesupermarketopensat8:00inthemorning.超市在早上八点钟营业。

○8、Thedoorwon'tclose/shut.这门关不上。

○9、Thedoorlockseasily.这门容易锁。

○10、Thismaterialwearswell(won'twear).这种材料耐久（不耐久）

望采纳！！谢谢！！！

❺ 初二下册英语知识归纳（语法，短语。。。）

need to do sth需要做某事(人做主语)
need doing sth需要做某事(物做主语)
hear sb do sth听到某人做过某事
hear sb doing sth听到某人正在做某事
hear of +sb/sth听到或知道某人某物
hear about +sth听到关于某事物的消息
hear from sb 收到某人来信
stop to do sth停下来去做某事
stop doing sth停止做某事
go on to do sth接着去做某事
go on doing sth继续做某事
remember to do sth记住去做某事
remember doing sth记住做过某事
forget to do sth忘记去做某事
forget doing sth忘记做过某事
be angry with sb对某人生气
be angry at sth对某事很生气
like to do sth喜欢做某事(强调一次性的动作)
like doing sth喜欢做某事(泛指长期性习惯性地)
hate to do sth讨厌做某事(强调一次性的动作)
hate doing sth讨厌做某事(泛指长期性习惯性地)
refuse to do sth拒绝做某事
try to do sth设法或努力去做某事
try doing sth尝试着做某事
be afraid to do sth害怕做某事
be afraid of (doing) sth害怕(做)某事
warn sb of/about sth警告某人
warn sb (not)to do sth警告某人(不要)做某事
learn to do sth学习做某事
agree to do sth同意做某事
hope/wish to do sth希望做某事
decide to do sth决定做某事
begin/start to do sth开始做某事
in the end=at last=finally最后
sth happen to sb某事发生在某人身上
give an interview接受采访
make sb+adj\do sth使某人……\让某人做某事
be\become interested in sth/doing sth对……感兴趣
win取胜(比赛)
beat打败(人)
interested 有趣的(修饰人)
interesting有趣的(修饰物)
exciting激动人心的(修饰物)
excited激动人心的(修饰人)
relaxing放松的(修饰物)
relaxed放松的(修饰人)
surpised惊奇的(修饰人)
surpising惊奇的(修饰物)
be made from由…制成(看不出原材料)
be made of由…制成(看得出原材料)
see/hear sb do sth 看到/听见某人做某事
want to do sth=would like to do sth想要做某事
would like sth想要某物
would like sb to do sth想要/愿意某人做某事
too much太多
much too非常
be dangerous ……是危险的
be in danger ……处于危险中
in the dangerous陷入困境
in dangerous濒危灭绝
take up占据时间或空间
tidy up收拾 整理
look after=take care of照顾
help sb(to) do/with sth帮助某人做某事
spend…on/doing sth花时间/金钱干某事
as a result of= because of因为 由于
come out出版 发行 发芽 开花 出来
hold the line=hold on for a moment=wait for a moment稍等,别挂电
right now=at the moment=now 现在
right now=right away=at once立刻,马上
invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事
invite sb to sw 邀请某人去某地
good luck with sth祝某事物好运
good luck to sb 祝某人好运
a couple of 几个两个 表示同类的物体但不是成对的
a pair of 表示成双成对的
in fact=actually事实上
by the way 顺便说一声
far away 遥远的
far(away)from 离……远
alone独自一人的(表状态)
lonely寂寞的(表感觉)
after all 毕竟
be afraid to do sth=be afraid of (doing)sth害怕(做)某事
make friends with 与某人交朋友
worry about=be worried about担心 担忧
don't mention it=you're welcome=That'okay=That'all right=Not at all 不客气
look out=be carefully=look out for小心

look out of朝……外看
look for寻找
look like看上去像
look forward to 盼望
look up查找
look after=take care of照顾
look over检查身体
look through浏览
look down on(upon)轻视 看不起
look around/round四处看看
look like …看起来像…(比较的人或物分别放在前后作主语和宾语)
look the same …看起来像(比较的人或物都放在前面作主语)
as if好像(后面接句子)
be on上演
thank you for……=thanks for因…而感谢

ask for job 求职
once a week一周一次
use…for… 用…来做…
take off卸下、起飞、脱下、休假
land in降落
put on穿上
turn off/out 关上
turn on 打开
turn up开大一点
turn down开大一点
pick up 拿起
动词+宾语+身体部位 攻击某人身体部位
stay cool保持冷静
stop talking 停止谈话
be business 出差
rather…than… 宁可…也不…
steal one's sth偷某人某物
steal sth from sb偷某人某物
on one's way to在……路上
take sb around=show sb around带领某人参观某地
join=take part in参加
decide to do sth决定干某事
come this way 这边走
the latest news最新消息
introce …to… 把……介绍给…
too …to… 太…而不能
prefer A to B AB之间更喜欢A
connect A to/with B 把A与B连接
so that为了 表目的
so…that…如此…以至于
neither…or…两者都不
either…or…两者都
not only …but also不但……而且
both …and…不但…而且…
appear出现
disappear消失
weather…or not是否
the end of ……末
the beginning of ……的开头
at the end of 在……结尾
at the beginning of 在……开始
in the end of=at last=finally 最后
pocket momney零花钱
whatever无论什么
whoever无论谁
whichever无论哪个
whenever无论何时
wherever无论何地
动名词表达的是:状态 性质 心境 抽象 经常性 已发生的
不定式表达的是:目的 结果 原因 具体 一次性 将发生的
may引导的疑问句当否定回答时may要变must
must引导的疑问句当否定回答时must要变need
it seem that 好像
an interesting place名胜
all together一起
rather A than B 不是 B而是A
keep doing sth坚持做某事
as a result of=because of 因为 由于
at the age of在……岁时
be late for干…迟到
keep(on) +动词ing
enjoy+动词ing
miss+动词ing
finish+动词ing
consider+动词ing
suggest+动词ing
practice+动词ing
agree with同意
in person亲自
talk about 谈论
be proud of 以…自豪
in the background 在幕后
be able to do能够、会做某事
among 在…中间(三者以上)
between在…中间(两者之间)
in front of 在…前面(物体外)
in the front of在…前面(物体内)
think of sb/sth想起觉得
think about sb/sth考虑
take place发生 (非偶然或有计划的)
happen发生 (偶然或突然性)
awake醒着的--asleep睡着的
have to不得不
hurry up赶快
in a hurry匆忙
hurry to +地点 赶往某地
break up 使粉碎 解散
make a mistake犯错
make sure确认 确保 查明
except 除…以外(表示从整体中减去一部分)
except for 除…以外(把某一点除外)
besides 除…以外(表示并非真正排除)
true to life很逼真
face to face面对面
in one's opinion以某人的观点
come on (灯)亮起来 加油
play a joke on sb 开玩笑在某人身上
play a joke with sb 和某人开玩笑
at the moment用于现在时表示"片刻"的意思,
用于过去时表示"那时"的意思
for a moment常与连续性动词连用表示"一会儿,片刻"
for the moment常用于现在时意味"暂时、目前"
as…as you can尽可能…
find out找到…(通过探索观察而发现事实的真相)
discover找到…(发现的对象本来是存在的只是以前不知道)
not at all一点儿也不
bring sth带来某物
get virus中病毒
go wrong出毛病、坏掉.
climb out of爬出
take medicine吃药
make sure确信、有把握
worry about担心(表动作)
be worried=worry about
be worried about担心(表状态)
be worried about sb/sth担心某人或某物
although虽然----but 但是(两者不能连用)
because因为 ----so所以(两者同样不能连用)
pull sth off 成功做了某事(难事等)
pull down拆毁(建筑)
pull through克服困难、共度难关
pull together控制(自己)感情
pull out 取出、(火车)离站
…day(s) of …天假
whole day整天
put away把……收起来
put out把火熄灭,把灯关上
put off推辞
put on穿上
put up with容忍,忍受

❻ 八年级下册英语的语法要点

八年级下 Unit1
1. 免费 be free
3. 活到200岁 live to be 200 years old
5. 更少的污染 less pollution
7. 更少地使用地铁 use the subway less
9. 更多的高楼 more tall buildings
11. 十年后 in ten years
13. 住的地方 places to live
15. 住在太空站 live on the space station
17. 住在公寓 live in an apartment
19. 一个人住 live alone/by oneself
21. 去滑冰 go skating
23. 看起来很时髦 look smart
25. 穿着随意 dress casually
27. 实现 come true
29. 在未来 in the future

八年级下 Unit 2
argued with sb. 与某人生气
have an argument with sb.与某人生气
out of style 不时髦的
in style 时髦的
keep out 不让……进入
call sb. up 打电话给……
on the phone 用电话交谈
pay for 付款
part-time job 兼职工作
Teen Talk 青少年论坛
the same as 与…同样的
get on 相处
as much as possible 尽可能多
all kinds of 各种
on the other hand一方面
borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物
found out 找出
is popular at school 在学校受欢迎
except me 除了我
have a quick supper 去吃快餐
not……until 直到……才
try to do 试着去做
complain about doing sth.抱怨做某事
seem to do
comparing…with 把…与…做比较
think for 为…着想
find it +adj.+to do sth.发现做某事很怎样
learn to do 学会做某事
八年级下 Unit 3
barber shop 理发店
get out 出去
take off 起飞
train station 火车站
come in 进来
Beijing International Airport北京国际机场
hear about 听说
take place 发生
World Trade Center世界贸易中心
as…as 和…一样
in front of 在…的前面
clean my room打扫我的房间
sleep late 睡懒觉
make a smooth做思木西
cook dinner 做晚饭
eat lunch 吃中午饭
cut hair 剪头发
have…experience有…经历
in the morning 在早晨
walk down 走下来
very surprised 非常惊奇
souvenir shop 纪念品商店
TV station 电视台
in the museum 在博物馆
climb a tree 爬树
jump down 跳下
take a photo 照相
called the police报警
rode his bicycle 骑自行车
buy a newspaper买一份报纸
run away 逃跑
think about 考虑…做某事
for example 举例子
heard about 听说
having fun 玩的高兴
in silence 在…
told us 告诉我们
in space 在太空
over the world遍及全世界
became famous因…而出名
next to 挨着
1. arrive at/in
2. a TV reporter
3. in front of
4. in the front of
5. get out of
6. sleep late
7. in(at) the library
8. the Museum of Flight
9. buy a souvenir
10. call the police
11. call the TV station
12. call the newspaper
13. take off
14. an unusual experience
15. jump down from
16. take photos of
17. too scared
18. walk to school
19. in the tree
20. on the tree
21. police officer
22. at the doctor’s
23. go shopping( do some shopping)
24. a barber shop
25. on/in the playground
26. ten minutes ago
27. in silence
28. keep silent/quiet
29. take place
30. become a national hero
31. become/be famous for
32. become/be famous as
33. all over the world (in the world)
34. in turn
35. have fun (enjoy oneself)
36. on the moon
37. be murdered
38. be destroyed
39. on this day
40. hear about/of
41. be born
42. cut hair ( have one’s cut)

八年级下 Unit 5
Have a great time玩的高兴
let in ` ```进来
stay at home 呆在家
Help sb. (to) do sth..帮助某人做某事
take away 拿走
ask sb. To sth
At the party 在晚会上
go to college 去大学
be\become famous变的有名
Travel around the world环游世界
make money 挣钱
work hard 努力工作
A professional soccer player
一名职业足球运动员
seem like 看起来像
Make a living 谋生
all over the world世界各地
give money to 捐钱
All the time 一直
for a living 为``````谋生
get injured 受伤
in fact 事实上
Be able to 能够
be going to
spend time 消磨时间
too much 太多
laugh at 笑话某人
go back
In order 为了``````

八年级下 Unit 9
be late for 迟到
look like 看起来象
in order 按顺序
by noon 到中午为止
on the weekend 在周末
have a good day!玩的愉快
looking through 浏览
waiting inline 排队
really low 降低
tell sb. about yourself告诉某人有关你的事
a ball game fan 球迷
be friendly to sb.对某人友好
feel like 感觉像
a friend like you 像你一样的朋友
get along 相处
thanks for 因……而感谢
ask sb. To do sth.要求某人做某事
go with me 和我一起去
think of 想起
leave early 早早离开
at least 至少
be careful 小心
八年纪 下册 Unit 10
most of 大多数
make sb. Laugh让某人笑
like to do 喜欢做某事
like doing
both like 都喜欢
the same like 和``````一样
for me 对我来说
get the job 上班
enjoy doing sth

❼ 初二英语下册语法

去年整理的，是这个吧？

Unit 1
1. 在人们家中 in people's home
2. 在家通过电脑学习 study at home on computers
3. 将来 in the future
4. 免费的 be free
5. 活到200岁 live to be 200 years old
6. 一百年之后 in 100 years
7. 一张纸 a piece of paper
8. 更多/更少的树 more / few trees
9. 更多/更少的污染 more / less pollution
10. 更少使用地铁 use the subway less
11. 更多使用…… use sth. a lot
12. 同意某人的意见 agree with sb.
13. 与……谈话 talk to / with sb.
14. 使用某物做某事 use sth. to do
15. 在上小学 be in elementary school
16. 住在一间公寓 live in an apartment
17. 乘坐火箭到月球 fly rockets to the moon
18. 爱上…… fall in love with …
19. 独自居住 live alone easye.2000y.net
20. 能够做某事 be able to do sth.
21. 去香港度假 go to Hong Kong on vacation
22. 世界杯 the World Cup
23. 飞到月球度假 fly to the moon for vacation
24. 有朝一日 one day
25. 为某人工作 work for sb.
26. 看起来精神 look smart
27. 实现 come trueeasye.2000y.net
28. 预言未来 predict the future
29. 看见某人做某事 see sb. do / doing
30. 数以百计的 hundreds of
31. 在太空 in space
32. 拥有某人自己的机器人 have one's own robot
33. 科幻小说 science fiction movies
34. 帮助某人做家务 help with the housework
35. 与……做同样的事 do the same things as sb.
36. 叫醒某人 wake upeasye.2000y.net
37. 与……交朋友 make friends with sb.
38. 某地有某人在做某事 there be sb. / sth doing sth.
39. 看起来更像 look more like
40. 一遍又一遍地 over and over again
41. 有更少的工作去做 have less work to do
42. 做某事有趣 be fun to do
43. 在25年到50年之后 in 25 to 50 years

Unit 2
1. 挡住；阻止……进入 keep out
2. 与……某人就某事争吵 argue with sb. about sth.
3. 与……争吵 have an argument with sb. = argue with sb.
4. 告诉某人(不要)做某事 tell sb. (not ) to do sth.
5. 得到一份兼职的工作 get a part-time job
6. 打开 turn oneasye.2000y.net
7. 把……声音放得太大 play … too loud
8. 给……写信 write sb. a letter
9. 给……打电话 call sb. up
10. 一场球赛的票 a ticket to a ball game
11. 使……惊讶 surprise sb.
12. 支付…… pay for
13. 从……借…… borrow sth. from sb.
14. 为某人买某物 buy sb. sth.
15. 不知道 have no ideaeasye.2000y.net
16. 有同样的发型 have the same haircut
17. 查明 find outeasye.2000y.net
18. 请家教 get a tutor
19. 需要去做 need to do
20. 邀请某人去做某事 invite sb. to do sth.
21. 把某物落在家里 leave sth at home
22. 做某事失败 fail (in) sth.
23. 与……相处融洽 get on well with sb.
24. 与……相同的 be the same as
25. 归还某物 return sth.
26. 在字典中查找…… look up … in a dictionary
27. 与……打架 have a fight with sb.
28. 与……比较 compare with
29. 向……抱怨某事 complain to sb. about sth.
30. 感觉处于(太多的)压力之下 be / feel under (too much) pressure
31. 买不同的衣服 get different clothes
32. 把……从一个地方带到另一个地方 take sb from 名词 to 名词
33. 直到……才…… not … until …
34. 尽可能多地充实到孩子们的生活中来 fit as much as possible into their kids lives
35. 屡见不鲜 nothing neweasye.2000y.net
36. 厉害地强迫某人 push sb. hard
37. 总是在做某事 be always doing
38. 计划做某事 plan to do
39. 一方面 on the one hand
40. 另一方面 on the other hand
41. 从很小的年龄开始 start from a very young age

Unit 3
1. 到达 arrive at / get to / reach
2. 在……前面 in front of
3. 在……的前部 in the front of
4. 在理发师的椅子上 in / on the barber's chair
5. 睡懒觉 sleep lateeasye.2000y.net
6. 在电话中交谈 talk on the phone
7. 航天博物馆 the Museum of Flight
8. 降落在中央大街上 land on Center Street
9. 报警 call the police
10. 沿着街道走 walk down / along the street
11. 起飞/脱下 take off
12. 有一次不寻常的经历 have an unusual experience
13. 大约在10点钟 at around ten o'clock
14. 跟着某人做某事/去某地 follow sb. to do / 地点
15. 对……感到惊讶 be surprised / amazed at
16. 在树上 in the tree / on the tree
17. 朝……喊叫 shout to sb. / shout at sb.
18. 在火车站 at the train station
19. 逃跑 run awayeasye.2000y.net
20. 沿着……走 walk around
21. 纽约市 New York City / the city of the New York
22. 对……说 say to sb.
23. 飞往纽约的航班 the flight to New York
24. 在医生的诊所 at the doctor's
25. 看望住院的姨妈 visit aunt in hospital
26. 2008年奥运会 the 2008 Olympics
27. 记得做过/去做某事 remember doing / to do sth.
28. 在历史上 in history
29. 在现代美国历史上 in modern American history
30. 最重要的事件之一 one of the most important events
31. 听说 hear about / of
32. 多于；超过 more than
33. 玩得高兴 have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself
34. 沉默地做某事 do sth. in silence
35. 在当今时代 in recent times
36. 被……毁坏 be destroyed by
37. 对……有意义 have meaning to
38. 在太空 in spaceeasye.2000y.net
39. 与(不与)……一样 … as … as / not as / so … as
40. 环绕地球 around the world
41. 一个民族英雄 a national hero
42. 全世界 all over the world / around the world
43. 因/作为……而著名 be famous for / as
44. 第一次做某事 do sth. for the first time
45. 日常活动 everyday activities

Unit 4
1. 看肥皂剧 watch soap operas
2. 举行一次惊喜晚会 have a surprise party
3. 在周五晚上 on Friday night
4. 生某人的气 be mad at sb.
5. 首先 first of alleasye.2000y.net
6. 做课外家庭作业 do a homework project
7. 递给某人某物 pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.
= pass on sth. to sb. = pass sth. on to sb.
8. 在公共汽车站 at the bus stop
9. 理应做某事 be supposed to do
10. 擅长be good at = do well in
11. 很抱歉做某事 be sorry to do sth.
12. 感冒 have / catch a cold
13. 身体健康 be in good health
14. 一次期末考试 an end-of-year exam
15. 在某事方面感到费劲 have a hard time with
16. 做某事很吃惊 be surprised to do
17. 捎去某人的问候 send one's love
18. 到现在为止 for noweasye.2000y.net
19. 抄袭别人的家庭作业 others' homework
20. 传些口信 pass on some messages
21. 大打一架 have a big fight
22. 忘记去做某事 forget to do
23. 养成一个坏习惯 start a bad habit
24. 克服 get overeasye.2000y.net
25. 改变某人的生活 change one's life = change the life of sb.
26. 在一个贫困的山村 in a poor mountain village
27. 听起来像 sound like
28. 一个北京大学的毕业生 a Peking University graate
29. 一个为期一年的计划 a one-year program
30. 由……发起 be started by
31. 教育部 the Ministry of Ecation
32. 派人去做某事 send sb. to do
33. 对某人来说是一个新的经历 be a new experience for sb.
34. 海拔2000米 2000 meters above sea level
35. 使某人觉得恶心 make sb. feel sick
36. 经历不同的事 experience different things
37. 打开某人对外面世界的视野 open up one's eyes to the outside world
38. 给某人生活一个好的开始 give sb. a good start in life
39. 在某人的生活中有一个好的影响 be a good influence in one's life
40. 关爱地球母亲 care for“Mother Earth”
41. 无国界医生 Doctors Without Borders
42. 濒危野生动物 wild animals in danger
43. 处于危险之中 be in danger
44. 脱离危险 be out of danger

Unit 5
1. 去参加晚会 go to the party
2. 玩得高兴 have a great time
3. 让某人进 let ineasye.2000y.net
4. 备考 study for one's test
5. 一半的同学 half the class
6. 岁末晚会 end of year party
7. 穿牛仔裤 wear jeans
8. 把……拿走 take away
9. 在晚会期间 ring the party
10. 校大扫除 school clean-up
11. 儿童医院探视 Children's Hospital visit
12. 环球旅行 travel around the world
13. 获得教育 get an ecation
14. 足球代理人 professional soccer player
15. 谋生 make a living
16. 似乎 seem like sth. / doing sth.
17. 梦想的职业 dream job
18. 捐给慈善机构 give … to charity
19. 一直 all the time
20. 受伤 get injured
21. 很难做某事 have a difficult / hard time
22. 实际上 in facteasye.2000y.net
23. 能够 be able to/can
24. 手机 mobile phone
25. 与某人度过时光 spend time with sb.

Unit 6
1. 收集贝壳 collect shells
2. 滑冰马拉松 skating marathon
3. 你第一双滑冰鞋 your first pair of skates
4. 募捐 raise moneyeasye.2000y.net
5. 整整五小时 the whole five hours
6. 三年半 three and a half years
7. 填充动物玩具 stuffed animals
8. 妖怪雪球 snow glob of the monster
9. 用光 run out ofeasye.2000y.net
10. 在我十七岁生日时 on my seventeenth birthday
11. 顺便说一下 by the way
12. 最常见的 the most common
13. 送某人某物 send sb. sth.
14. 才艺表演 a talent show
15. 额外的英语课 extra English class
16. 古币 old coinseasye.2000y.net
17. 自由话题 free topic
18. 想起 think of
19. 著名人物 famous characters
20. 黑龙江省会 the capital of Heilongjiang Province
21. 具有丰富多彩的历史 with a colorful history
22. 欧洲的影响 European influence
23. 苏联风格 in Russian style
24. 家史 family history
25. 惊奇 be surprised
26. 受到……的欢迎 be welcomed by
27. 宋朝皇帝 the Song Emperor
28. 西方历史 western history
29. 越……越 the +比较级 … the +比较级
30. 确信 be certain that / to do

Unit 7
1. 介意做某事 mind doing sth.
2. 调小/大 turn down / up
3. 洗餐具 do the dishes
4. 从……里出来 get out of
5. 立即 right away / at once
6. 一会儿 in a minute
7. 在开会 be at the meeting
8. 完成这些工作 finish these tasks
9. 在厨房里 in the kitchen
10. 帮某人做某事 help sb. do / with sth.
11. 抱怨 complain about sth.
12. 商店职员 store clerk
13. 给你拿错了食品 bring you the wrong food
14. 不好使 don't work
15. 恼怒 get annoyed
16. 排队等候 wait in line
17. 长时间的电话聊天 have a long telephone conversation
18. 到处跟着我 follow me around
19. 回到…… go back to
20. 一直 all the timeeasye.2000y.net
21. 碰巧发生在某人身上 happen to sb.
22. 试着不做某事 try not to do sth.
23. 加号 cut in line
24. 有点晚 a bit late
25. 定购食物 order food
26. 压低你的声音 keep your voice down
27. 讲英语的国家 English-speaking country
28. 社会行为 social behavior
29. 与某人站的近 stand close to sb.
30. 亚洲国家 Asian country
31. 在各种条件下 in all situations
32. 即使 even ifeasye.2000y.net
33. 当众 in public
34. 小心 take care to do sth.
35. 熄灭香烟 put out the cigarette
36. 被批评 be criticized
37. 扔垃圾 drop litter
38. 捡起 pick upeasye.2000y.net
39. 表现礼貌 behave politely
40. 依靠 depend on
41. 地方报纸 local newspaper

Unit 8
1. 幸运儿 lucky guy
2. 做一顿特别的饭 make a special meal
3. 你自己的选择 your own choices
4. 大腹便便的猪 a pot-bellied pig
5. 好伙伴 good company
6. 带某人出去 take sb. out to do
7. 睡着 fall asleep
8. 半途中 half wayeasye.2000y.net
9. 树上的一片叶子 a leaf from a tree
10. 赠送 give away
11. 公园长椅 park bench
12. 试着做某事 try to do sth.
13. 通过不同的方式 in different ways
14. 来自于中国各地 from across China
15. 在舞台上 on stage
16. 各种年龄层 all age groups
17. 鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth.
18. 取得进步 make progress
19. 奥委会 the Olympic Committee
20. 从……中得到乐趣 have fun with sth.
21. 讲本族语的人 native speakers
22. 使某要对某事感兴趣 make sb interested in

Unit 9
1. 太空博物院 space museum
2. 游乐场 amusement park
3. 水上乐园 water park
4. 曾经到过某个地方 have been to
5. 到某个地方去了 have gone to
6. 呆在某个地方 have been in
7. 既不……也不；两者都不 neither … nor …
8. 听说 hear ofeasye.2000y.net
9. 迪斯尼人物 Disney character
10. 主题公园 a theme park
11. 当然 of course
12. 过山车 a roller coaster
13. 以……为主题 be themed by
14. 四处走动 walk around
15. 总是一直 all the time
16. 迪斯尼巡游 Disney Cruise
17. 兜风 take a ride
18. 在船上 on board
19. 走不同的路线 take different routes
20. 结束 end upeasye.2000y.net
21. 空中乘务员 a flight attendant
22. 导游 a tour guide
23. 象……这样的 such as
24. 考虑 think about
25. 胜于，而不是 rather than
26. 在东南亚 in Southeast Asia
27. 度假 take a holiday
28. 在一方面 on the one hand
29. 在另一方面 on the other hand
30. 超过 多余 more than
31. 四分之三 three quarters
32. 三分之一 one third
33. 做某事有困难 have some problem doing
34. 不管 还是 whether or
35. 夜狩 night safari
36. 在白天 ring the daytime
37. 在更自然的环境里 in a more natural environment
38. 全年 all year round
39. 靠近 be close to

Unit 10
1. 闲聊 small talk
2. 祝一天愉快 have a good day
3. 浏览；粗略看一遍 look through
4. 排队等候 wait in line
5. 穿过一条繁忙的街道 cross a busy street
6. 开场白 open questions
7. 感谢函 Thank-you note
8. 想要 feel likeeasye.2000y.net
9. 出现；陪伴 come along
10. 融洽相处 get along
11. 想起 think of
12. 有一个家宴 have a family dinner
13. 交通拥挤 heavy traffic
14. 至少 at least

❽ 初二下册英语语法总结。

初二下册大概就是这么几点....
Mole 1是基本句型
Mole 2是宾语从句
Mole 3是to+v. 与 v.-ing作宾语
Mole 4是if从句（回1）
Mole 5是if从句（2）
Mole 6是直接引语和间接答引语（1）
Mole 7是直接引语和间接引语（2）
Mole 8是状语从句（1)
Mole 9是状语从句（2)
Mole 10是would与状语从句（3）
你把这些到网络上搜一下....再认真看就行了
如果你是外研版的更简单..从第146页看就行了~

❾ 人教版八年级下册英语重点单词短语及用法。谢谢了。

人教版新目标8年级下英语语法重点 Unit 1 Will people have robots? 重点语法：一般将来时态的应用 Unit 2 What should I do? 重点语法：过去将来时态（将来时态的委婉说法） Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived? 重点语法：过去进行时态 Unit 4 He said I was hard-working. 重点语法：宾语从句 Unit 5 If you go to the party, you'll have a great time! 重点语法：if 引导的条件状语从句 Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells? 重点语法：现在完成进行时态 Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music? 重点语法：mind [one's] doing sth. 介意（某人）做某事 Unit 8 Why don't you get her a scarf? 重点语法：询问别人为什么要做或者不做某事 Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement? 重点语法：现在完成时态 Unit 10 It's a nice day, isn't it? 重点语法：反意疑问句