『壹』 英语必修四第二单元课文概括
采访
保萨尼阿斯是2000年前的一位希腊作家，他作了一次魔幻的旅行，来打听当代奥林匹克运动会的情况。他现在正在采访一位叫莉莉的中国姑娘。
保：我叫保萨尼阿斯。我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”。我曾经写过2000年前奥林匹克运动会的情况。我来到你们这个时代，想了解有关当代奥运会的情况，因为我知道2004年奥运会是在我的家乡雅典举行的。能不能问你几个问题呢？
莉：当然可以。你想了解什么呢？
保：你们的奥运会多久举行一次？
莉：每四年，来自全世界的运动员都可以参赛。运动会有两种：夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会。这两种运动会都是四年举行一次。冬季奥运会通常是在夏季奥运会的前两年举行。
保：冬季奥运会？冬天怎么可能赛跑呢？又怎么可能赛马呢？
莉：噢，不！冬奥会并不包括赛跑和赛马，但是却有像溜冰和滑雪这类需要冰雪的比赛项目，所以才叫它冬季奥运会。
保：全世界的运动员都来参赛？你是指希腊的世界？我们希腊各个城市之间曾经为了赢得荣誉而彼此竞争过。别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加。
莉：所有国家都能参赛，只要它们的运动员达到了参赛的标准。总共有250多个运动项目，每个项目都有它自己的标准。妇女不仅允许参加，而且她们还起着非常重要的作用，特别是在……
保：请停一停！所有这么多项目，所有这么多的国家，甚至妇女也都参加！所有这些参赛的人又住在哪里呢？
莉：有一个特殊的村庄供参赛的人住，有供比赛用的体育场，有很大的游泳池，有室内体育馆，还有观众席呢。
保：那一定要花很多钱吧。会有人想承办奥运会吗？
莉：其实人人都想承办，这是极大的荣誉。国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样的激烈。2008年的奥运会将在中国举行，你知道吗？
保：是的，听说过，你一定很骄傲吧。你刚才说奖牌是吗？就连橄榄枝花环也被奖牌替代了！天哪，你们也为钱而竞赛吗？
莉：不，不是为钱。还是为了能够跑得更快，跳得更高，掷得更远。
保：谢谢，占用了你的时间。这真是条好新闻。再见。
『贰』 高中英语必修4的语法有哪些还有有哪些必背的词组
高中英语必修知识点讲解
必修4 Unit1 Women of achievement知识点讲解
重点词汇
1. achieve
【课文原句】She has achieved everything she wanted to do… (P3)
【名师点拨】achieve v. 意为“完成；达到”，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。其名词形式为achievement，意为“成就；功绩”，a sense of achievement可指“成就感”。如：
He had finally achieved success.
Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.
2. condition
【课文原句】She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and ecation. (P1)
【名师点拨】condition 意为“环境；境况；条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions；意为“状态；状况”时，是不可数名词，be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态”，be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。如：
We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions.
The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.
My car is old but in good condition.
He is overweight and out of condition.
【知识拓展】condition意为“条件”时，常用短语on condition that，表示“如果；在……条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用under the condition that。如：
I will come on condition that Peter is invited.
They agreed under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.
3. devote
【课文原句】She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. (P1)
【名师点拨】devote vt. 意为“投入于；献身”，其宾语后常与介词to搭配，to后接名词、代词或动名词。devote … to … 意为“献身；致力于”，指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。如：
He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.
The girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance.
After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.
4. behave
【课文原句】Jane has studied these animals for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. (P2)
【名师点拨】behave vi & vt. 意为“举动；举止；行为表现”，如behave well / badly等。其名词形式为behaviour，指“行为；态度；举止”。如：
The parents encouraged the children to behave well in front of the guests.
My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired.
Everyone praises the children's good behaviour.
5. worthwhile
【课文原句】But the evening makes it all worthwhile. (P2)
【名师点拨】worthwhile adj.意为“值得做的；值得出力的”，可作表语或定语。be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示“值得做……”，在动词-ing形式的结构中，worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth，特别是在表示“值得花时间”这一概念时。如：
I think teaching school is always a worthwhile job.
The book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth reading.
6. observe
【课文原句】Jane spent many years observing and recording their daily activities. (P2)
【名师点拨】observe vt. 意为“观察；观测；遵守”，可用observe sb do sth，observe + that从句。其名词形式为observation。如：
I observed the man who murdered the boy enter the shop.
He observed that we should probably have rain.
Most information was collected by direct observation of the animals’ behaviour.
7. argue
【课文原句】She has argued for them to be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. (P2)
【名师点拨】argue作动词时，意为“争论；争吵；争辩”。argue for意为“为……辩护”；argue with sb about / over sth指“就某事和某人争论”；argue against意为“据理反对；争辩……”。如：
It is no use arguing for the plan because it has been rejected.
We are always arguing with each other about money.
Father argued fiercely against any increase in expenditure for the children’s annual party.
【知识拓展】argue的名词形式为argument，意为“争论；争端；论证”，常构成短语settle an argument指“解决争端”。
9. care for
【课文原句】It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies by following some rules for keeping babies clean and healthy. (P6)
【名师点拨】care for可以表示look after的意思，意为“照顾；照料”，且较正式；也可表示“喜欢”的意思。如：
His son cared for him when he was ill.
In fact, I don’t really care for basketball.
另外，在上面的句子中，explain意为“解释，说明”，后可接名词、代词、从句或wh + to do作宾语，可用explain sth to sb或explain to sb sth。如：
Will you explain to us how we can finish the work as soon as possible?
【知识拓展】care about意为“介意；在乎”，表示是否认为某事是重要的，某事是否引起了某人的兴趣或使其忧虑。最常用于疑问句或否定句中。about用在宾语前面，但是在连词前面一般省掉。
I don’t care about your opinion.
I don’t care whether it rains — I’m happy.
10. intend
【课文原句】I looked carefully at the text and realised that it was intended for women who lived in the countryside. (P6)
【名师点拨】intend v. 意为“打算；计划；想要”。intend to do sth意为“想干某事”；intend后也可以接动词-ing形式或that从句。intend for表示“原打算给某人；准备让……干……”。如：
I intended to come to your house last night but it rained.
I intend coming / to come back soon.
He hadn’t really intended that they should be there.
This gift is intended for you.
热点语法
主谓一致用法难点小结：
一、集合名词作主语时的主谓一致。
1. 集合名词有family, team, group, party, class, public, club, crew, crowd, enemy, audience, company, committee, government, population等，当被看作一个整体时，表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式；如果这些集合名词指其中的每个成员，表示复数意义，谓语动词则用复数形式。即谓语动词的单复数要与主语的含义相一致。如：
My class is a big one, including thirty boys and thirty girls.
My class are working hard for the coming exam.
2. 有些集合名词作主语时，谓语只能用复数形式，如：people, the police, the military, mankind, cattle等。如：
The police are searching for the lost child.
二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致。
不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, nothing, each, the other等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Everything goes well with me.
Each of the students in our class has an English-Chinese dictionary.
三、“名词＋名词”作主语时的主谓一致。
当表示同一人物或观点时，谓语动词用单数。如：A novelist and playwright is coming to our school. 这里表示“一位小说家兼剧作家”，是同一个人，所以谓语动词用单数。
如果是A novelist and a playwright作主语，这时表示“一位小说家和一位剧作家”，是两个人，所以谓语动词用复数，该句应改为：A novelist and a playwright are coming to our school.
四、The ＋ adj.作主语时的主谓一致。
当The ＋ adj.表示抽象的含义时，谓语动词用单数。如：The beautiful is the true.
当The ＋ adj.表示该类全体的含义时，谓语动词用复数。如：The rich should help the poor.
必修4 Unit 2 Working the land 知识点讲解
Unit2 Working the land
Phrases and Idioms
1. be satisfied (with): pleased because you have got what you want
1) Jane isn't quite satisfied with the way the barber cut her hair.
2) If you are not completely satisfied, you can get your money back.
3) I am not really satisfied with the job you did.
2. refer to : a) mention or speak about someone or something
b) to look at a hook map, piece of paper, etc, for information
1) We agreed never to refer to the matter again.
2) Although she didn't mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring to.
3) He gave the speech without referring to his notes even once.
3. would rather: used to say what someone prefers
1) It seems you would rather play than work.
2)She would rather die than lose the children.
3) I would rather starve than be dependent on anyone again.
4. thanks to sb/ sth : because of sb./ sth.
1) I was late thanks to the heavy traffic.
2) It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.
3) We've collected $50,000 for the poor, thanks to the generosity of the public.
5. rid of sb/sth: become free of
1) Will science- finally rid us of this disease?
2) Do you think it possible to rid the world of nuclear weapons?
3) By working hard day and night, she is trying to rid herself of loneliness and sadness.
6. lead a ...life: live in the way what you life is like
1) Before liberation, my grandpa led a dog's life.
2) If the operation succeeds, the patient will be able to lead a normal life.
3) Mrs. Black is retired and leads a quiet and peaceful life in a mountain village.
7. care about: love; be interested in; be concerned with
1) Just listening to somebody shows you care about them.
2) Your parents are only doing this because they care about you.
3) The only thing this rich- and greedy man seems to care about is money.
8. insist on sth/doing sth: to demand that something must be done or that you must have a particular thing
1) The school insists on good behaviour from its students.
2) John insisted on doing all the work himself, though he was in poor health.
3) The old man insisted on helping me find a taxi even though I told him I didn't need any help.
必修4 Unit3 A taste of humor 知识点讲解
Unit3重点汇集
1. content
【课文原句】Perhaps it makes us feel more content with our life because we feel there is someone else worse off than ourselves. (P17)
【名师点拨】content adj.意为“满足的；满意的”，be content to do意为“乐意去做某事”；be content with sb / sth意为“对某人或某事感到满意”，相当于be pleased with或be satisfied with。如：
I’m content to help you to set up a website on the Internet.
Those who are not content with the progress they have made will have greater success.
注：worse off是badly off的比较级，意思是“境况比……更差”；better off意为“境况比……好”。如：
To my surprise, I found his living conditions were much worse off than mine.
With the development of economy, more and more people are better off.
【知识拓展】content还可作动词，意为“使满足”；作名词时，表示“满足；心满意足”，也可表示“（书、报纸等的）内容；目录；含量”。如：
My explanation seemed to content him.
Now she began to live in peace and content.
We've discussed the unusual form of the book — now, what about the content?
『叁』 请问高中英语必修4 第二和第三单元学的是什么语法内容
高中英语必修4 第二和第三单元语法：动词-ing形式
v-ing的时态：(1)一般时(v-ing)；(2)完成时(having done)
v-ing的语态内：(1)主动(v-ing)；(2)被动【①容being done；②having been done】
『肆』 英语必修二第四单元的知识点
1．suggest
【原句回放】but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests. (Page26)
【点拨】suggest vt. 建议，提出，使想起，暗示
1) 接名词、代词或动名词
That girl's sun-tanned face suggests excellent health.
He suggested going out for a walk.
2) 接从句，构成：
It is suggested that... 有人提议……
I suggest that... 我觉得/认为
The doctor suggested that I (should) come again next day.
【拓展】
1) 当suggest表“建议”时，从句中要用虚拟语气；当suggest表“暗示”，从句中用陈述语气。
如：He suggested that the meeting（should）be put off. 他建议这个会议应该推迟。
His expression suggests that he didn’t sleep well last night.
他的表情说明他昨晚没睡好。
2) suggest的名词为suggestion，其后接表语从句或同位语从句时，从句中也用虚拟语气。
如：My suggestion is that we（should) add some sand to the soil. （表语从句）
His suggestion that you（should）eat more vegetables to lose weight is reasonable.
(同位语从句)
【随时练】
He came to my class every week, but his attitude ______ he was not really interested in the subject.
A. expressed B. described C. explained D. suggested
【答案与解析】D。题干的意思是“他每周来我班里，但他的态度表明他不是真的对这门课程感兴趣。”比较四个词的意思：expressed“表达、表述”；described“描写”；explained“解释”；suggested“暗示、表明”。
2．die out
【原句回放】 As a result these endangered animals may even die out. (Warming up)
【点拨】die out
1）灭绝，绝种
Elephants would die out soon if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wish.
如果人类可以如愿地射杀掉大量大象，那么大象将会很快灭绝。
2）逐渐消失
Many old customs are dying out. 很多老的习俗将要逐渐消失。
3）熄灭
The fire died out in the end. 火最后熄灭了。
【拓展】die away （声，光，风等）渐弱
die off （家庭成员，种族等）相继死亡，草木枯死。
die down （火，兴奋等）渐弱，渐息
die of 因……而死(死于疾病、情感等)
die from 因……而死
be dying to do 很想做，渴望做
【随时练】
1. Now some creatures are in danger of ______.
A. dying out B. dying off C. dying of D. dying from
2. The practice of children working in factories has nearly ______.
A. died off B. died out C. died D. died down
【答案与解析】1.A 2.B
1. 句意为: 现在一些动物有灭绝的危险。 die off 是指多个主体的相继死去。C,D两项后要接宾语。
2. 根据拓展，题意应解释为“几乎消失”。die down是声音等逐渐消失，不合题意。。
3．affect
【原句回放】It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes. (P26)
【点拨】 vt. 影响, 感动, 侵袭
如：Smoking affects health. 吸烟影响健康。
We were deeply affected by the news. 我们深深被这消息所感动。
【拓展】affect和effect用法辨析：
1）effect是名词，意为“结果”、“效力”、“影响”，常用在 have effect on等词组中。如：
The medicine has little effect on the old man. 这药对那老人几乎没有效果。
Punishment almost had no effect on the naughty boy. 惩罚对这个顽皮的孩子几乎没有用。
come into effect 开始生效，开始实施
have an effect on 对……有影响； 对……起作用，产生效果
in effect 正在实行
2）affect 指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”,着重“影响”的动作, 有时含有“对......产生不利
影响”的意思。
如：The rise in prices will affect all classes. 价格的涨幅将会影响到各阶层的人。
The climate affected his health. 气候影响了他的健康。
【随时练】
The incident ______ the relations between the two countries.
A. affected B. effect C. effort D. had an effect
【答案与解析】A。该题基本为词义辨析，结合句子意思最关键。“这个事件影响了两个国家的关系”，句子需要谓语。
4．with的复合结构
【原句回放】There Daisy saw an antelope looking sad.(P26)
【点拨】原句可换为There Daisy saw an antelope with a sad face looking at her.
“with+复合宾语”即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构。
众所周知，能够充当with的宾语的通常是名词和代词，问题的关键是宾语补足语的形式，结构如下：
1) with +宾语 +形容词
You mustn’t sleep with the door open.
2）with +宾语+ 副词
He has a bad habit of sleeping with the light on.
3）with +宾语+ 介词短语
A woman came in with a baby in her arms.
4）with +宾语+不定式
With so much work to do, he could not go home.
5）with +宾语+现在分词
Coming into the school, we may find rows of classroom with trees standing in front of
them.
6）with +宾语+ 过去分词
With the task completed, we may have a good rest now.
【拓展】“with+复合宾语”在句中的作用
1)“with+复合宾语”结构在句中主要作状语。
如：With the old man leading, the soldiers started toward the mountains.
在老人的带领下，士兵们开始向山里进发。
Two soldiers stand at the gate with a gun in their hands.
两个士兵手里拿着枪站在大门口。
2)“with+复合宾语”结构可在句中作定语。如 ：
The room with the window half open is my bedroom. 那个半开窗户的屋子是我的卧室。
There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.
在白色的房子前面有很多排树。
【随时练】
______ proction up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
【答案与解析】答案C。选项和后面的名词及副词up构成with复合结构。整句意思为“产量增长了60%，公司又经历了一个极好的年头。”其他词不能构成此结构。
5．peace
【原句回放】About 30—40 remain after being left in peace with no hunting.（Warming up）
【点拨】peace
1）安静，平静
Don’t disturb her. Just leave her in peace for a while.
不要打扰她，让她安静一会儿。
There was a short peace, but then another war broke out.
短暂的和平后又有一场战争爆发。
2）治安
The UN troops were busy keeping the peace in that area.
联合国部队正忙于维持那个地区的治安。
3）和解，和睦
We tried to make peace with them.
我们试图和他们和解
【拓展】in peace 和平地，安心地
at peace 平静地
at peace with 与……处于和平状态（反义词at war with）
peaceful adj. 安静的
【随时练】
It is our hope that the two countries will live ____ forever.
A. in a peace B. in peace C. peaceful D. in peacefully
【答案与解析】B。从句的意思是“两个国家永远和平相处”。A项的结构是不正确的；因为空白处要填状语，故C项不正确；D项，把in 去掉就可以了。
6．contain
【原句回放】It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(P26)
【点拨】contain
1）包含；装有
This book contains all the information you need. 这本书包含所有你需要的信息。
2）容纳
The hall can contain 500 people. 大厅能容纳500人。
3）抑制
She couldn’t contain herself for the joy. 她高兴得难以自制。
contain 和 include
contain 指作为组成部分而被“包含”或“容纳”。
include 指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，使用“句子，including +被包括部分”。
【随时练】
1. In the accident, five passengers were killed, ______ a foreigner.
A. including B. included
C. include D. which were included
2. The bag ________ a lot of books ___________ some English books and history books.
【答案与解析】1. A 2. contains；including
1. 本题考察的是include的一种特殊用法。从句子结构来说，已经有了主语和谓语，空格中就不应是谓
语，而是非谓语动词。此处including 可以看作介词用法。
2.书包中“装有”许多书籍，有容纳之意，故首空填contain。
7．protect...from
【原句回放】I’m protecting myself from mosquitoes. (Page 26)
【点拨】protect...from 保护……免受……危害
protect sb./ sth. from + n
protect sb./ oneself from +doing
protect A against B 保护A免遭B的危害
如：He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
他戴着太阳镜以遮挡强烈的阳光
I’ll protect you /myself from being insulted. 我将保护你（我自己）免受侮辱。
【拓展】 keep sb. from doing sth.
stop sb. (from) doing sth. 均为阻止某人干某事
prevent sb. (from) doing sth.
如：The school stopped the students from playing computer games. 学校阻止学生玩电脑游戏。
常用的词组：under the protection 在……的保护之下
a protection against/ from 防……的保护物
give /provide protection 提供保护
【随时练】
Flowers in our garden are well protected ______ the weather.
A. on B. to C. against D. with
【答案与解析】C。本题考查的是protect 与介词from 或against 连用的用法。表示“免遭”。
8．reserve
【原句回放】Wolong Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province (Warming up)
【点拨】 reserve
1) 保护区 n.
nature reserve自然保护区
We have large reserve of oil. 我们有很大的油区。
2) 储藏，贮备 n.
I must keep a good reserve of energy for tomorrow’s match.
我必须为了明天的比赛保留充足的体力。
3) 预约，预定 v.
I’d like to reserve a table for two. 我要预定一个两人桌。
4) 保留 v.
如：You’d better reserve some money for future need. 你最好为了将来贮备一些钱。
【拓展】reserved adj. 预定的
reservation n. 保留条件，预约，预定
in reserve 预备的，储备的
unreserved adj. 未预定的
【随时练】
1. We ’d like to _______a table for five for dinner this evening.
A. preserve B. reserve C. retain D. sustain
2. These rooms are _______for special guests.
A. occupied B. reserved C. reversed D. restored
【答案与解析】1.B 2.B
1. 本题意为：我们今天晚上5人用餐，想预订一个桌位。 reserve预定，预约；preserve 保护，维
修；retain保持，保留； sustain 支撑，供养。
2．这也是考察词义的，原句意为：这些房间是为特殊的客人们预留的。其它选项B项形式相近，但含义
相去甚远。
9．endanger
【原句回放】as a result these endangered animals may even die out. (Warming up)
【点拨】endanger 使……遭受危害
如：Smoking endangers his health. 吸烟使他的身体遭受危害。
in danger 处于危险之中
如：The patient is in danger. 病人处在危险中。
【拓展】danger表达抽象意义“危险”时是不可数的名词，表达具体的“危险人物”时是可数的。
in danger 是指人或物本身处于危险中，受到外来的威胁。
be in danger of 有……危险
be out of danger 脱离危险
dangerous危险的，是指人，物，事态可能引起的危险的，对别人构成威胁的。
endangered adj. 濒危的
【随时练】
(1) The tiger is ______danger of dying out.
A. atB. in the C. in D. inside
(2) --- I hear Jack once was _______of losing his life.
--- Yes, But now he is _______.
A. in danger; out of danger B. in the danger; out of the danger
C. in the danger; out of danger D. in danger; out of the danger
【答案与解析】1. C 2. A
1. 句意：老虎处于灭绝的危险。danger用于这些含义时，前边不加冠词。
2. danger 表达抽象概念的时候，其前不加冠词。
10．recently
【原句回放】...animals, insects and birds died out more recently. (Page30)
【点拨】recently adv. 最近，新近，与过去时态和现在完成时态连用。
如：Did she have a party recently? 她最近举办过聚会吗?
They've recently bought a new car. 他们不久前买了一辆新汽车。
【拓展】
1）和一般过去时共同使用的时间状语：this morning，tonight，this April，once，before，
already，recently，lately等
如：I didn't go to school this morning. 我上午没有去上学。
2）现在完成时的时间状语：for，since，so far，ever，never，just，yet，till / until，up to
now，in past years，always， up to/till now 直到现在，ever since(then) 从那时起，in the
past few(three) years 在过去几年里
如：He has traveled to nearly twenty European cities so far.
到目前为止他已经走过了差不多20个欧洲国家。
3) 用于现在完成时的句型
(1) It is the first / second time…that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
(2) This is the+形容词最高级+that…结构，that从句要用现在完成时。
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
【随时练】
I wonder why Jenny ____ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.
A. hasn't written toB. doesn't write to
C. won't write to D. hadn't written to
【答案与解析】答案A。recently“近来的”意思，一般用于现在完成时，“不知道为什么Jenny近来没有给我们写信”，给现在造成的影响是“我们没有收到他的信”，所以选A。
『伍』 高中英语 必修四 第二单元 根据汉语意思写出短语（和最上面的第十四小题）
英语书必修四的话，建议你可以下载快对作业看看有没有高中的英语答案，只要扫书后面的条形码就能搜索到答案了。
还有就是第14小题to live a new life.
『陆』 高中英语必修4语法详解
非谓语动词
一、动词不定式 动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以担任主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式仍保留动词的一些特点。 （一）动词不定式的特征及用法 1.动词不定式的构成及特征 “to +动词原形”构成动词不定式，是一种非谓语形式，在句子中不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。 2.动词不定式的用法 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。 作主语 动词不定式作主语时，往往用it作形式主语，这种句型可归纳为下面的句型： It is + adj.+ 动词不定式 如果要说明不定式的动作执行者，可以用for It is + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 作表语 My wish is to become a teacher. 作宾语 Most of us like to watch football matches. 作宾语补足语 He told me to be here on time. 作定语 I have nothing to say about that thing. 作状语 He stopped to have a look. 3.动词不定式的否定形式 动词不定式的否定形式not + to + 动词原形 4.动词不定式与疑问词连用 疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等后面可以接动词不定式，构成动词不定式短语，可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。（二）动词不定式的时态和被动形式 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种： 一般式to do. 完成被动式to have been done 二、分词 分词是动词非谓语形式的一种，包括现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示：主动，动作正在进行。过去分词表示：被动，动作已经完成。 （一）分词的作用 分词在句中可以作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语。分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，否则分词前面必须有自己的主语。 （二）分词的时态 现在分词分一般式和完成式，而过去分词则没有时态形式的变化。 现在分词的一般式表示动作与谓语动词同时发生，或在谓语动词之前发生。现在分词的完成时，表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。常用作状语。（三）现在分词的被动式 被动一般式 being done 被动完成式 having been done This is one of the new supermarkets being built in our city. Having been told many times, he was able to operate the machine. （四）分词的否定形式 分词的否定式，由not+分词构成，（五）分词独立主格结构 当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，带逻辑主语的分词短语成为独立主格结构，在句法功能上起状语作用。三、动名词 动名词是动词非谓语形式的一种,由动词加ing构成。动名词既有动词特征，也有名词特征。 动名词在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语和定语. 动名词的否定形式由not +动名词构成。 动名词的复合结构由名词所有格或物主代词加上动名词构成。 动名词的一般式，表示的动作可以与谓语动词同时发生或在前，或在后。 动名词的完成式表示在谓语动词之前完成的动作。
『柒』 高中英语必修四第二三单元语法动词ing作主语宾语表语定语宾语补足语讲解
首先来你要懂2个简单句型：
主语源+谓语+宾语+补语--------补语是补充说明宾语的身份、情况等，补语和宾语之间有逻辑关系
主语+连系动词+表语
其次，你说的分词和不定式
doing---表主动、习惯性
done---表完成，表被动
to do---表将来一个具体的动作，表目的。
认真搞懂上面1、2，就不怎么难了！
『捌』 高中英语人教版必修四重点短语及语法，急急急！！
短语在网址里有个文档，你可以下载下来：http://wenku..com/view/d5b4b3fcf705cc175527096d.html。
语法方面现在这个网页版可以帮助到你：http://..com/question/165222377.html。
不懂就多问权吧，祝你一切顺利！
『玖』 高中英语必修4语法
http://wenku..com/view/825b90d233d4b14e852468d6.html
在网络抄文库里找到好多那
『拾』 高一英语必修四语法
主谓一致是指：
1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，
一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
There is much water in the thermos.
但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Ten thousand tons of coal were proced last year.
并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
Reading and writing are very important.
注意： 当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel instry is very important to our life.
典型例题
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C.。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别， monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
主谓一致中的靠近原则
1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.
2）当either… or… 与neither… nor， 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
Either you or she is to go.
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.
谓语需用单数
1） 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。
Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.
2） 当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
<<天方夜谭>>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。
3） 表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语 时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可，意思不变。)
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
Ten yuan is enough.
- ing分词 看 参考资料 很详
构词法看这里http://ke..com/view/74735.htm?fr=ala0_1_1