英语虚拟语气语法总结表格

A. 高考英语虚拟语气用法总结

一.概念: 动词虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望, 假设, 猜测, 建议, 请求, 意图, 设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况, 或者在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况, 而不表示客观存在的现实

二.虚拟语气的表现形式: 通过句中谓语动词的特殊形式来表现. 这些特殊形式与谓语动词的某些时态相同, 但它们只表示语气, 而不表示时态, 但含有一定的时间概念

虚拟语气的用法

一.虚拟语气在简单句中的用法: 谓语动词用原形或may +动词原形

1.表示祝愿

a. Long live our country.

b. May you succeed.

c. May you be happy all your life.

2.表示命令

a. Everybody leave the room.

二.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法: (使用虚拟语气的含条件句的复合句称为真实条件句)

1.表示与现在事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be动词的过去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might +动词原形 (should多用于第一人称, would多用于二三人称, could / might可用于所有人称)

a. If I had more time, I should study computer better.

b. If he were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.

c. If they didn’t take exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy.

d. If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.

e. If she invited me, I should go to the party.

2.表示与过去事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用had done形式, 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might + have done的形式

a. If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party.

b. I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s exam.

c. If you had taken the teacher’s advice, you would not have failed in the exam.

3.表示与将来事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语形式是: ①.完全动词过去式 (be的过去式通常用were); ②.should +动词原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③种情况都含有出乎意料之外之意; 主句的谓语的形式是: should / would / could / might +动词原形

a. If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party.

b. If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.

c. If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.

d. I might come back if I were to miss the train.

三.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中用法的几个变体:

1.条件从句省略if: 在书面语中, 如果条件从句中的谓语中有were, had, should等词, 可将if省略, 而把were, had, should放在句首

a. Were I you (=If I were you ), I would get up early very early.

b. Had you arrived (=If you had arrived ) at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.

2.省略条件从句或主句, 省略部分的含义仍有所体现. 省略主句时, 表示己不能实现的愿望

a. You could have done it yourself (if you had wanted to).

b. I wouldn’t smoke (if I were you).

c. If my old friends were with me! (要是老朋友和我在一起该多好啊)

d. If you could have seen the wonderful film!

3.主从句时间不一致时, 主从句谓语动词的形式取决于要表示的具体时间

a. You would speak English well if you had practised speaking it every day.

b. If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast.

4.假设的条件不以条件从句, 而以其他方式如介词短语、从句等表达出来, 这种句子称为含蓄条件句

a. What would you do with a million dollars?

b. Without music, the world would be a ll place.

c. We could have done better with more money.

d. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.

四.虚拟语气在as if / though从句中的用法:

1.表示与现在事实相反或对相在情况有所怀疑, as if / though从句谓语用过去式

a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England.

b. She looked as if she were ill.

2.表示与过去事实相反的情况, as if / though从句谓语用过去完成式

a. The machines operated as if it had been repaired.

五.虚拟语气在含even if / though从句的复合句中的用法:

在此类复合句中, 若表示与事实相反, 可用虚拟语气形式. 主从句的谓语动词形式与非真实条件句相同

a. Even if I were rich, I would work.

六.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:

如果表示说话人的看法, 想法或意见, 在句型 It is / was + adj. + that从句中, 主语从句中可用虚拟语气. 主语从句中谓语动词用should do表示现在或将来情况, 用should have done表示过去情况

a. It is necessary that you should clean the lab before you left.

b. It is important that you should take the doctor’s advice.

c. It was very strange that he should have left without say goodbye.

七.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:

1.在wish的宾语从句中, 通常表示不可能实现或没有实现的愿望, 常用虚拟语气

①.wish的宾语从句用过去式, 表示现在或将来没有实现或不可能实现的愿望

a. I wish I knew the result of the match now.

b. I wish it were spring here all the year round.

c. I wish I could help you.

d. I wish I were young.

②.wish的宾语从句用过去完成式, 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望

a. We wish we had got the film tickets last night.

b. I wish you I had met him yesterday.

③.wish的宾语从句若用would, 则一般表示请求, 对现状不满或希望未来有所改变

a. I wish the prices would come down.

b. I wish you would help me.

c. I wish he would be more careful.

d. We wish you would spend the holiday with us.

2.在动词suggest (建议), advise (建议), demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (坚持)后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词常用( should )+动词原形的虚拟语气形式

a. I suggested that we should go there at once.

b. I demand that he should answer me at once.

c. The doctor insisted that the patient should stay in bed for two weeks.

d. The officer ordered that the soldiers should stop playing.

与名词suggestion建议 / advice 建议 / demand要求 / request要求 / order命令有关的从句(包括同位语从句和表语从句等)中的谓语也用 ( should ) +动词原形

a. The black people made a strong demand that the government ( should ) take steps to change the unfair situation.

b. Their demand is that the government should take steps to change the unfair situation.

c. I was Bill’s suggestion that everybody should have a map.

d. His suggestion was that everybody should have a map.

八.虚拟语气用在句型: It is time that(该做某事了)中: that从句中的谓语动词用过去式

a. It is time we got up.

九.虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中: 表示但愿, 要是就好了, 其中谓语形式与wish的宾语从句相同

a. If only he didn’t drive so fast! ( =I wish he didn’t drive so fast.)

b. If only he had taken the doctor’s advice. ( =I wish he had taken the doctor’s advice.)

c. If only the rain would stop! ( =I wish the rain would stop.)

十.虚拟语气用在would rather / prefer后的that从句中: 表示现在或将来情况谓语动词用过去时形式, 表示过去情况动词用过去完成时形式

a. I would rather he came next Saturday.

b. I would prefer you had seen the film yesterday.

c. I would rather that he painted the house blue

B. 求if虚拟语气表格

C. 虚拟语气语法总结

英语中虚拟语气是说话的人表示假设或者难以实现的表达，可以用wish.hope.if引导，如:If there were no air, people would die.

D. 英语虚拟语气具体语法。谢谢

虚拟语气应该是强制性的知识点三个第一和第二单元。
下的虚拟语气两个常规测试点：

一，名词性从句应该做的结构，应该被忽略。在名词性从句，如果存在“命令，建议，要求，计划”字，无论什么名词性从句时，需要使用虚拟语气的。如：

他建议我们（应）完成任务的时间是宾语从句，提出了“建议”的意思。另一个例子是在表语从句中使用的词：。

他的建议是，我们（应）完成任务的时间

在本节中，关键是要注意：如果句主语和被动动词之间的关系，那么他们会使用（应该）做结构，就像同样的情态动词的被动形式。如：

他下令任务（应该）按时完成

在虚拟语气第二个条件状语从句。子句和主句的动词有严格的要求，具体如下：

子句，则主句

而现在正好相反：没有/被会/可以/应该/可以做

和过去的相反的：做了会/可以/应该/可能有母鹿

和未来的相反：没有/是做/应该做会/可以/应该/可以做

例如：如果当时你不帮我们，我们不能完成它的工作原理。

如果你没有帮我们的话，我们就不能完成该项目。 （相对于过去）。

如果我是你，我会用另一种方法。

如果我是你，我会用另一种方式来做到这一点。 （现在的对面），短语，要注意，我用的是。尽管受试者是单数，一般假设语气过去时，不能使用了。

这些是基本的规则，当然，还有很多其他的。如：

我希望....这种结构是宾语从句在名词性从句，但它使用上述相同的虚拟语气是不是和我在一起。这句话，时态的宾语从句走了一步过去。即：如果相反，与过去时，如果和过去相反，在过去使用时已完成，如果违反了现在和将来与过去的未来。

这样的：我希望我是一只鸟，现在相反

我希望我之前和过去相反..

要将所有没有浪费了很多时间关于具体的，比较难，我建议你看看下面的语法书系统的通话效果会更好。

E. 高考英语虚拟语气语法总结

虚拟语气，对过去虚拟，从句用过去完成时

虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测， 建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。

If I were you, I'd take them away.

如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。

If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.

如果我碰见了李华，我就告诉了他了。

If I had time. I could come to help you.

如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。

He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.

他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。

He speaks to us as if he had been there.

他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。

虚拟语气的用法

1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。

May you be happy.

祝你幸福。

May you have a good time.

祝愿你玩的痛快。

May the friendship between us last long.

祝愿我们的友情天长地久。

Have a good journey!

祝愿你旅途愉快！

You go out！

你出去！

2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。动词 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气， 宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望，要求。

I wish she would be on my side.

我希望她能站在我一边。

I wish I could help him.

我希望我能帮助他。

He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.

他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。

动词 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 后面的从句中，"should" 可以省略。

The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.

老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。

He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.

他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。

3) 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。

在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形

It's necessary that we should have a walk now.

我们有必要出去散散步。

It's natural that she should do so.

她这样做是很自然的。

It's important that we should take good care of the patient.

重要的是我们要照顾好病人。

4) 虚拟语气用在状语从句中。

虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的主句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时，动词有三种时态形式，即现在，过去和将来。

与现在事实相反的：

条件从句 结果从句
If I (we,you,he,they)+ 动词过去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 动词原形。 He (you,they) would + 动词原形。

与过去事实相反的：

条件从句 结果从句
If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 过去分词 I(we)should + have+ 过去分词。He (you,they) would + have + 过去分词。

If I were you, I should buy it.

如果我是你，我就买了它。

If I had time, I would study French.

如果我有时间，我会学习法语的。

If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.

如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮忙的。

If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.

如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。

If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping.

如果明天天气好，我就去买东西。

有关虚拟语气的几个问题：

1) 有时if引导的状语从句可以省略 if，而把从句中的动词 were, had 或 should 移到主语前面。

Were she younger, she would do it .

如果她年青点， 她就会干的。

Had he known her address, he would had gone to visite her.

如果他知道她的地址，他会去看她的。

2) 有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略，而只剩下一个主句或者一个条件从句。

I could help you.

我本来可以帮助你。

If I had time.

我要有时间该多好啊。

She should have come to the party.

她应该来参加聚会。

If he had much more money.

如果他有更多的钱就能...。

3) 虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致。

If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.

如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。

If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.

如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。

F. 英语虚拟语气的表格，高中范围内的

G. 英语虚拟语气的16种时态，他们长得都是啥样子呀请老师发一张表格。

虚拟语气和
动词时态要
分开来!
不然混在一起
不好掌握

H. 英语 虚拟语气语法

虚拟语气
1、在非真实条件句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。非真实条件有以下三类：
（1）与现在事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下：
从句：过去时 主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形。如
If I were you, I would ask our teacher for advice.
如果我是你的话，我就请教老师。
（2）与过去事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下：
从句：过去完成时 主句：would/should/could/ might +have+动词过去分词。如
If I hadn't taken the wrong bus, I wouldn't have missed the contest.
如果我没有搭错车，我就不会不参加竞赛。
（3）与将来事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下：
从句：过去时/should /were to +动词原形 主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形。如
If I had enough money next month, I would buy a of "The Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English".
如果我下个月有足够的钱，我就会买一本《现代高级英语学习词典》。
（4）混合时间条件句：主句和从句不一定用指同一时间的动词。如
If I had learned French, I would be able to interpret for our French friend.
假如我以前学过法语，现在就能给我们的法国朋友当翻译。
（注：if从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；而主句与现在事实相反，用would+动词原形。）
（5）含蓄条件句：有时假设的条件不通过条件从句来表示而含蓄在介词短语或上下文中。如：
Without the warmth and light of the sun, the earth's vegetation would die almost immediately.
没有太阳的热量和光，地球上的植物几乎会马上死去。
2、虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用：
（1）用于suggest, order, insist, demand等动词后的宾语从句，如
We suggested that they (should)make a trip to Hong Kong next year.
我建议他们明年去香港旅游。
（2）用于wish后的宾语从句
①与现在事实相反的愿望
句型：主语+wish+从句（主语+过去时…）
I wish I were you.
但愿我是你多好呀。
How I wish it wasn't raining!
现在要是不下雨该多好啊！ （我多么希望现在不下雨。）
②与过去事实相反的愿望
句型：主语+wish+从句（主语+过去完成时…）
I wish I had learned more.
我多么希望我以前多学一些啊！
He wishes he hadn't made the big mistake.
他要是不犯那个大错误该多好啊！
③与将来的愿望相反（愿望难以实现）
句型：主语+wish+从句（主语+过去将来时…）
The last chance has been lost. How he wishes he could have another chance.
最后一次机会失去了，他多么希望他能再有一次机会啊！
（3）用于as if (as though)引导的从句
在as if (as though)引导的从句中，如果谈论的是不可能或不真实的情况，它们所引导的表示虚拟性比喻或方式的状语从句要用虚拟语气。动词形式和wish后面的从句中动词形式变化相同。
He speakes English as if he were an Englishman.
他说起英语好象他是个英国人似的。
They talked about the city as if (though) they had been there before.
他们谈论那座城市，就好像他们以前去过那儿似的。
He stood up as if (though) he would speak.
他站起来好像要发言似的。
注意：当as if (though)引导的从句用于动词seem, appear, look, sound, smell等后面时，as if (though)从句的谓语有时依句意需要，也可用陈述语气，表示说话者认为有可能是事实的事。试比较：
It seems as if she knew me.
好像他早就认识我似的。 （事实上他不认识我。）
It seems as if she knows me.
好像他认识我。 （事实上他认识我的可能性很大。）
（4）用于in order that ,so that引导的目的状语从句。如
The professor spoke slowly in order that the listeners could hear hem clearly.
教授说的很慢，好让听众听清楚。
（5）用于It is (high) time引起的从句。如
It is time we stopped this practice.
现在是结束这种做法的时候了。