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英语各种语法英文表达

发布时间:2021-02-15 09:11:16

① 英语各种语法的英文名称,例如名词性从句怎么说请帮忙

是各种语法术语的英文名称,那多去了。可以是一本小册子。名词性从句:NounClauses.语法grammar句法syntax词法结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类partofspeech单词word实词notionalword虚词structuralword单纯词simpleword派生词derivative复合词compound词性partofspeech名词noun专有名词propernoun普通名词commonnoun可数名词countablenoun不可数名词uncountablenoun抽象名词abstractnoun具体名词concretnoun物质名词materialnoun集体名词collectivenoun个体名词indivialnoun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词mainverb及物动词transitiveverb不及物动词intransitiveverb系动词linkverb助动词auxiliaryverb情态动词modalverb规则动词regularverb不规则动词irregularverb短语动词phrasalverb限定动词finiteverb非限定动词infiniteverb使役动词causativeverb感官动词verbofsenses动态动词eventverb静态动词stateverb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb方式副词adverbofmanner程度副词adverbofdegree时间副词adverboftime地点副词adverbofplace修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogativeadverb关系副词relativeadverb代词pronoun人称代词personalpronoun物主代词possesivepronoun反身代词reflexivepronoun相互代词reciprocalpronoun指示代词demonstrativepronoun疑问代词interrogativepronoun关系代词relativepronoun不定代词indefinitepronoun物主代词possecivepronoun名词性物主代词nominalpossesiveprnoun形容词性物主代词adjectivalpossesivepronoun冠词article定冠词definitearticle不定冠词indefinitearticle数词numeral基数词cardinalnumeral序数词ordinalnumeral分数词fractionalnumeral形式form单数形式singularform复数形式pluralform限定动词finiteverbform非限定动词non-finiteverbform原形baseform从句clause从属句subordinateclause并列句coordinateclause名词从句nominalclause定语从句attributiveclause状语从句adverbialclause宾语从句objectclause主语从句subjectclause同位语从句appositiveclause时间状语从句adverbialclauseoftime地点状语从句adverbialclauseofplace方式状语从句adverbialclauseofmanner让步状语从句adverbialclauseofconcession原因状语从句adverbialclauseofcause结果状语从句adverbialclauseofresult目的状语从句adverbialclauseofpurpose条件状语从句adverbialclauseofcondition真实条件状语从句非真实条件状语从句含蓄条件句错综条件句句子sentence简单句simplesentence并列句compoundsentence复合句complexsentence并列复合句compoundcomplexsentence陈述句declarativesentence疑问句interrogativesentence一般疑问句generalquestion特殊疑问句specialquestion选择疑问句alternativequestion附加疑问句tagquestion反义疑问句disjunctivequestion修辞疑问句rhetoricalquestion感叹疑问句exclamatoryquestion存在句existentialsentence肯定句positivesentence基本句型basicsentencepatern否定句negativesentence祈使句imperativesentence省略句ellipticalsentence感叹句exclamatorysentence句子成分membersofsentences主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语alobject直接宾语directobject间接宾语indirectobject复合宾语complexobject同源宾语cognateobject补语complement主补subjectcomplement宾补objectcomplement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntaticrelationship并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singularform复数形式pluralform规则形式regularform不规则形式irregularform格case普通格commoncase所有格possessivecase主格nominativecase宾格objectivecase性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称firstperson第二人称secondperson第三人称thirdperson时态tense过去将来时pastfuturetense过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinuoustense过去将来完成时pastfutureperfecttense一般现在时presentsimpletense一般过去时pastsimpletense一般将来时futuresimpletense现在完成时pastperfecttense过去完成时presentperfecttense将来完成时futureperfecttense现在进行时presentcontinuoustense过去进行时pastcontinuoustense将来进行时futurecontinuoustense过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinuoustense现在完成进行时presentperfectcontinuoustense过去完成进行时pastperfectcontinuoustense语态voice主动语态activevoice被动语态passivevoice语气mood陈述语气indicativemood祈使语气imperativemood虚拟语气subjunctivemood否定negation否定范围scopeofnegation全部否定fullnegation局部否定partialnegation转移否定shiftofnegation语序order自然语序naturalorder倒装语序inversion全部倒装fullinversion部分倒装partialinversion直接引语directspeech间接引语indirectspeech自由直接引语freedirectspeech自由间接引语freeindirectspeech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicateagreement语法一致grammaticalagreement概念一致notionalagreement就近原则principleofproximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调risingtone降调fallingtone降升调falling-risingtone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oralEnglish套语formulisticexpression英国英语BritishEnglish美国英语AmericanEnglish用法usage感情色彩emotionalcoloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic

② 英语共计多少种语法全部的,多少种词。

一共16个时态,分别是:

1、一般现在时 。

2、一般过去时 。

3、一般将来时。

4、一般过去将来时。

5、现在进行时 。

6、过去进行时 。

7、将来进行时 。

8、过去将来进行时。

9、现在完成时 。

10、过去完成时 。

11、将来完成时 。

12、过去将来完成时。

13、现在完成进行时 。

14、过去完成进行时 。

15、将来完成进行时 。

16、过去将来完成进行时。

(2)英语各种语法英文表达扩展阅读

英语测试

英国:国际英语测试系统(IELTS,International English Language Testing System,雅思),剑桥英文认证(Cambridge Main Suit),剑桥商务英语(Cambridge Business EnglishCertificate)。

美国:托福(TOEFL),机考托福(CBT;逐渐废除),网考托福(iBT),托业(TOEIC,商用英文考试),英语口语水平测试(TSE)。

中国大陆:,大学英语考试(CET),大学英语四级考试(CET-4),大学英语六级考试(CET-6),高等学校英语专业考试(TEM),英语专业四级考试(TEM-4),英语专业八级考试(TEM-8),英语等级考试(PETS)。

中国台湾:全民英语能力分级检定测验(GEPT)。

③ 麻烦请将英语的几种语法用英文表达出来。谢谢!

总体上分现在时、过去时、完成时、进行时
他们之间可以搭配组合(以内吃苹果为例)
现在时:容Every morning,I et an apple.
过去时:Right now I ate an aplle.
完成时:I have eaten an apple,so I am full.(分现在完成时与过去完成时)
进行时:At 8:00,I am eating an apple.(分现在进行时与过去进行时)

另外,完成时还可与进行时组合,你可以根据自己学的东西,吧例句补充一下,算一个锻炼

④ 英语语法词汇翻译

从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause名词从句 nominal clause定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition
句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence疑问句 interrogative sentence一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句 disjunctive question修辞疑问句 rhetorical question感叹疑问句 exclamatory question 存在句 existential sentence肯定句 positive sentwence否定句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence感叹句 exclamatory sentence基本句型 basic sentence patern
人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second person第三人称 third person

一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity

语态 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice 语气 mood陈述语气 indicative mood祈使语气 imperative mood虚拟语气 subjunctive mood
句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语 al object直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object补语 complement主补 subject complement宾补 object complement表语 predicative定语 attribute同位语 appositive状语 adverbial 时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 present simple tense一般过去时 past simple tense一般将来时 future simple tense现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 present perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense
否定 negation否定范围 scope of negation全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion全部倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion 直接引语 direct speech间接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech自由间接引语 free indirect speech

语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology结构 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun不可数名词 uncountable noun抽象名词 abstract noun具体名词 concret noun物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun个体名词 indivial noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb不及物动词 intransitive verb系动词 link verb助动词 auxiliary verb情态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb限定动词 finite verb非限定动词 infinite verb使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses动态动词 event verb静态动词 state verb感叹词 exclamation形容词 adjective副词 adverb方式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词 adjunct连接性副词 conjunct疑问副词 interogative adverb关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possesive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun相互代词 reciprocal pronoun指示代词 demonstrative pronoun疑问代词 interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun物主代词 possecive pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possesive pronoun冠词 article定冠词 definite article不定冠词 indefinite article数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral序数词 ordinal numeral分数词 fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form限定动词 finite verb form非限定动词 non-finite verb form原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause名词从句 nominal clause定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence疑问句 interrogative sentence一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句 disjunctive question修辞疑问句 rhetorical question感叹疑问句 exclamatory question存在句 existential sentence肯定句 positive sentence基本句型 basic sentence patern否定句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence感叹句 exclamatory sentence句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语 al object直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object补语 complement主补 subject complement宾补 object complement表语 predicative定语 attribute同位语 appositive状语 adverbial句法关系 syntatic relationship并列 coordinate从属 subordination修饰 modification前置修饰 pre-modification后置修饰 post-modification限制 restriction双重限制 double-restriction非限制 non-restriction数 number单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form规则形式 regular form不规则形式 irregular form格 case普通格 common case所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine阴性 feminine通性 common中性 neuter人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second person第三人称 third person时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 present simple tense一般过去时 past simple tense一般将来时 future simple tense现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 present perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气 indicative mood祈使语气 imperative mood虚拟语气 subjunctive mood否定 negation否定范围 scope of negation全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion全部倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech间接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech自由间接引语 free indirect speech一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity强调 emphasis重复 repetition语音 pronunciation语调 tone升调 rising tone降调 falling tone降升调 falling-rising tone文体 style正式文体 formal非正式文体 informal口语 spoken/oral English套语 formulistic expression英国英语 British English美国英语 American English用法 usage感情色彩 emotional coloring褒义 commendatory贬义 derogatory幽默 humorous讽刺 sarcastic挖苦 ironic

⑤ 求英语所有语法

1、小学英语介词at,in与on在时间方面的用法
at表示时间的一点;in表示一个时期;表示特殊日子。如:
He goes to school at seven o’clock in the morning. 他早晨七点上学。
Can you finish the work in two days. 你能在两天内完成这个工作吗?
Linda was born on the second of May. 琳达五月二日出生。
1>. at后常接几点几分,天明,中午,日出,日落,开始等。如:
at five o’clock (五点),at down (黎明),at daybreak (天亮),at sunrise (日出),at noon (中午),at sunset (日落),at midnight (半夜),at the beginning of the month (月初), at that time (那时),at that moment (那会儿),at this time of day (在一天的这个时候)。
2>. in后常接年,月,日期,上午,下午,晚上,白天,季节,世纪等。如:
in 2006(2006年),in May,2004 (2004年五月),in the morning (早晨/上午),in the afternoon (下午),in the evening (晚上),in the night (夜晚),in the daytime (白天),in the 21st century (21世纪),in three days (weeks/month)三天(周/个月),in a week (一周),in spring (春季)。
3>. on后常接某日,星期几,某日或某周日的朝夕,节日等。如:
on Sunday (星期日),on a warm morning in April (四月的一个温暖的上午),on a December night (12月的一个夜晚),on that afternoon (那天下午),on the following night (下一个晚上),on Christmas afternoon (圣诞节下午),on October 1,1949 (1949年10月1日),on New Year’s Day (新年),on New Year’s Eve (除夕),on the morning of the 15th (15日的早上)等。

2、 巧记形容词的排列顺序
当两个以上形容词修饰一个名词,形容词该如何排 列?为什么不能说a black new pen,而是说成a new black pen? 这里面有无规则可循? 如果你记住opshacom这个为帮助记忆而杜撰的词, 就能掌握英语中形容词排列的顺序。 opshacom中p代表opinion,指表示人们观点的形容 词,如beautiful,horrible,lovely,nice等; sh代表shape,指表示形状的形容词,如long,short,round, narrow等; a代表age,指表示年龄、时代的形容词,如old,new,young等; c代表colour,指表示颜色的形容词,如red,black, orange等; o代表origin,指表示国籍、地区的形容词,如british,canadian,german等; m代表material,指表示材料的形容词,如plastic,metal,aluminium等。 英语中这六类形容词连用时就按上述先后顺序排列, 如a nice long new black british plastic pen 当然,实际语言使用中不可能出现这么多形容词连 用的情况。
请根据形容词排列规则完成以下练习:
1>.she has a ___ jacket.(leather,brown,beautiful)
2>.he has a ___ car. (american,long,red)
3>.they live in a ___ house. (old,beautiful)
4>.we have a ___ table. (antique,small,wooden)
5>.he has a ___ jumper. (woollen, lovely, red)
6>.she has a ___ ring. (diamond,new,fabulous)
7>.it was a ___ song.(french,old, lovely)
8>.he owns a ___ dog.(black,horrible,big)
9>.she bought a ___ scarf.(gorgeous,silk,pink)

一、一般现在时主要用于:
1 、表示经常性或习惯性动作。
e.g. It seldom snows here.
2 、表示现在的特征或状态。
e.g. He is always ready to help others.
3 、普遍真理。
e.g. Action speaks louder than words.
4 、剧情图片介绍,背景说明,动作解说。
e.g. (Tom enters the room_and_sits at the table)
Doctor : What`s your trouble, young man?
Tom : I`ve caught a cold, doctor.
5 、时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句表将要发生的动作时。
e.g. Tomorrow we shall go for an outing unless it rains.
与这种时态连用的时间状语常有:
always, often, never, seldom, usually, once, a week, now 等。

二、一般过去时主要用于:
1 、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况(包括习惯性的动作或状态)
e.g. When did you read the novel?
She often came to help us in those days.
2 、谈到过去的情况时
e.g. I didn`t know you were so busy.
3 、谈到已死人的情况时
e.g. Lei Feng was a great communist fighter.
与这个时态连用的时间状语常有:
yesterday, last night, the other day, two months ago, in 1985, then, just now,
when, after, as soon as 引导的时间状语从句,表示主句动作开始的时间。

三、现在完成时主要用于:
1 、表示到现在为止这一时期中发生的动作或情况,即多次动作的总和。
e.g. We have learnt four English songs this month.
How many times have you read the novel?
For many days we haven`t seen each other.
2 、表示对现在有影响的某一已发生的动作。
e.g. The delegation has left 代表团已经走了(说明现在不在这里)
Look, what you have done. 看你干的事。
与这一时态连用的时间状语有:
already, yet, just, ever, never, by now, so far, recently, by the end of this month, since, for 短语,连词 since 引导的时间状语从句。
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别:
一般过去时:重在说明动作在过去发生时的具体情况(时间、地点、方式、对象、细节等)。
现在完成时:只提起已发生的动作(事实)及其影响,不说明动作发生时的具体情况。
cf. Have you had your lunch?
What did you have for lunch?
I have ever been to the Great Wall,_and_I went there last summer with my father.
注:现在完成时表达的动作常具有反复性,故下面一句是错的:
Have you seen the six thirty`s news program?
应改为:
Did you see the six thirty`s news program?

四、现在完成进行时主要用于:表示过去开始的某一动作一直持续到现在,以至延伸到将来,它强调动作延续时间之长久。
e.g. I`ve been writing an article. 我一直在写一篇文章。(还在写)
cf. I`ve written an article. 我写了一篇文章。(已写完)
It has been raining these days. 这些天一直在下雨。

五、过去完成时
1 、过去完成时是一个相对时态,表示过去的过去,只有在两个过去发生的动作相比较时才可显示出来。
e.g. As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
注:主从句表达的动作紧接时,即两动作发生的时间没有明显时间上的悬殊或空档时,主从句都可用一般过去时。
e.g. Where did your brother study before he joined the army?
2 、过去完成时可表示截止过去某一时间动作的总或动作的结束。
e.g. By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books
By eight o`clock, he had finished his homework.
与这个时态连用的时间状语常有:
by 1985, by eight o`clock, by then, by the end of last month, by the time when, when, as soon as, before 等连词引导的时间状语从句,表示主句动作结束的时间。

六、现在进行时主要用于:
1 、表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。
e.g. Listen, someone is crying.
What are you doing these days?
2 、代替一般现在时,表示经常性动作或状态,而含有某种感情色彩。
e.g. How are you feeling today?
你今天感觉怎样?(显得亲切)
He is doing well in his lessons.
他的功课很好。(赞扬)
You are always boasting.
你老爱吹牛。(厌烦)
3 、动词 go, come, leave, arrive 等表将要发生的动作时。
e.g. They are leaving for Shanghai.
与这种时态连用的时间状语常有:
now, these days, recently, this week 等。

七、过去进行时主要用于:
表示过去某个时刻或阶段正在进行的动作。
e.g. At that time she was working in a PLA unit.
那时她在解放军某部工作。
What were you doing this time yesterday?
与这个时态连用的时间状语常用:
at nine o`clock, this time last night, these days, at that time 等。
用 when 引导的时间状语从句表示主句的动作正在进行的时间。
e.g. When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
注:
1 、 while 引导时间状语从句叙述过去的动作时,从句常用过去进行时。
e.g. I read a magazine while I was waiting for the bus.
2 、 when 用作并列连词,意为“这时”,连接两分句时,第一句多用过去进行时。
e.g. I was reading a newspaper when he came in.
一般过去时与过去进行时的区别:
一般过去时:强调过去某一时间开始或完成的动作。
过去进行时:强调过去某一时间正在进行的动作。
试区别下面两句: We were building a reservoir last winter.
去年冬天我们在修建一座水库。(可能尚未建成) We built a reservoir last winter.
去年冬天我们修建了一座水库。(已经建成)

八、一般将来时主要用于:
表示将要发生的动作或情况
e.g. Tom will have a bike of his own.
与这个时态连用的时间状语常用:
tonight, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week, in three hours, two days later 等。
一般将来时态与其它结构表将来情况的区别:
一般将来时态 :主要从时间的角度表将要发生的动作或情况。
be going to 结构 :①表(主观上)打算或准备做某事时。 ②表有发生某事的预兆时。
e.g. They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain.
据以上区别,故下面一句是错的:
I am going to be eighteen years old next year.
应改为: I shall be eighteen years old next year.
be about to do sth 结构 :意为“刚要做某事”、“马上要做某事”强调时间之紧迫性。
e.g. We are about to discuss this problem.
我们将马上讨论这个问题。
be to do sth 结构: 表示按计划、安排、规定将实施某事或表示注定会发生某事。
e.g. When is the train to leave.

回答者: 凌心骊歌 - 试用期 一级 2009-6-3 21:39
1.I went home (at six).(就划线部分提问)你给他讲,问时间用What time/When代替,放在句首,这是一般过去时,变成一般疑问句时“did+主语+动词原形”,划线的部分去掉,就变成了:What/When did you go home?
2.He can sing English songs.(变成否定句),这是含有情态动词的句子,变否定句时,在can的后面加not就行了。就是:He can not/can't sing English songs.
3.She will wash her clothes tomorrow.你给他们讲:这是一般将来时,变成一般疑问句时,把will提到句首,和主语调换位置,其它的落下来,句末加问号。就变成了:Will she wash her clothes tomorrow?
4.Tom is in.(同意句)in的意思是在家,爱他at home也是在家的意思,所以,in与at home意思相同,故Tom is in.的同意句就是:Tom is at home.
5.There is a sheep on the hill.(山上有一只羊)(变成复数句)
讲,is的复数是are,a的复数是some,sheep的单数与复数相同,所以应变成:
There are some sheep on the hill.

这种方法对你很有帮助的,坚持下去!

⑥ 求英语各种语法形式的例句

状语从句1.地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。例如:
Where I live there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方树很多。
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。 2.方式状语从句
方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。
1)as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。例如: Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。
2)as if, as though
两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的","好像……似的"。例如:They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。)
He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting. 他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。)
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大,谓语用陈述语气。)
说明:as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语。例如:
He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. 他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。
He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。
The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. 波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒 3.原因状语从句
比较because, since, as和for:
1)because语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用as或 since。例如:
I didn't go, because I was afraid. 我不去是因为我怕。
Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 天气那么糟,旅行推迟了。
2)由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。例如:
He is absent today, because / for he is ill. 他今天缺席,因为他病了。
He must be ill, for he is absent today. 他一定病了,所以今天缺席。4.目的状语从句
表示目的状语的从句可以由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导。例如:You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. 你必须大点声,别人就能听见了。
He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it. 他写下了这个名字以免以后忘记。
Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 最好多穿点衣服,以防天发冷。5.结果状语从句
结果状语从句常由so…that 或 such…that引导。so…that与such…that之间可以转换。例如:
The boy is so young that he can't go to school. 这男孩年龄太小,不能上学。
He is such a young boy that he can't go to school 6. 条件状语从句
连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。 unless = if not. 例如:
Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired. 如果不太累,我们去散散步。
If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.
典型例题
You will be late ___ you leave immediately.
A. unless B. until C. ifD. or
答案A。句意:除非你立即走,否则你就回迟到的。可转化为 If you dong leave immediately, you will be late。B、D句意不对,or表转折,句子如为 You leave immediately or you will be late. 7. 让步状语从句
1)though, although引导的让步状语从句,后面的从句不能有but,但是 though 和yet可连用。例如:
Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.虽然在下雨,但他们仍在地里干活。
He is very old, but he still works very hard. 虽然他很老了,但仍然努力地工作。
Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain. 伤口虽愈合,但伤疤留下了。(谚语)
2) as, though 引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。例如:
Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. 虽然是个小孩,该做什么不做什么,他全知道。
3) ever if, even though即使。例如:
We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好,我们也要去远足。
4) whether…or…不管……都。例如:
Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 信不信由你,这确实是真的。
5)"no matter +疑问词" 或"疑问词+后缀ever" 。例如:
No matter what happened, he would not mind. =Whatever happened, he would not mind. 不管发生什么,他不在意。
替换:no matter what = whatever
no matter who = whoever
no matter when = whenever
no matter where = wherever
no matter which = whichever
no matter how = however
注意:no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。8. 比较while, when, as
1)as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。例如:
Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 我一刹车,有一个人向我走来。
2)当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前,只能用when 引导这个从句,不可用as 或 while。例如: When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 赶完活后,你可以休息一下。
3)从句表示"随时间推移"连词能用as,不用when 或while。例如:
As the day went on, the weather got worse.日子一天天过去,天气越变越坏。9.比较until和till
此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某时",动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是"直至某时才做某事"。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。肯定句:I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。(在肯定句中可用before代替。例如 Let's get in the wheat before the sun sets.)
否定句:She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock. 她直到6点才到。
Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。
I didn't manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后,我才会做。
区别:1)until可用于句首,而till通常不用于句首。例如:
Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告诉我以前,出了什么事我一点也不知道。
2)until when 疑问句中,until要放在句首。例如:
---Until when are you staying?你呆到什么时候?
--- Until next Monday.呆到下周一。
注意:否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
1)Not until…在句首,主句用倒装。例如:
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. 直到19 世纪初,人类才知道热为何物。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 直到工作,才认识到我已蹉跎了几多岁月。
2)It is not until… that… 。例如:
It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted.
10.表示"一…就…"的结构
hardly/scarcely…when/before, no sooner…than和as soon as都可以表示"一…就…"的意思。例如:
I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. 刚回家,就下起雨来了。
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
As soon as I got home, it began to rain.
注意:如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首,句子必须用倒装结构。例如:
Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.定语从句 1.关系代词引导的定语从句1)who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。例如:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)
The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。 (which / that在句中作宾语)
2.关系副词引导的定语从句 1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词,可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略。例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可 能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
名词性从句
(一)主语从句类
I What he need is more time 2 Where she has gone is a mystery. (二)表语从句类The fact iS that she never liked him. The question is who can complete teh dificult task。(三)宾语从句类1.Do you know what they are doing? 2.It is a matter of who will hold the position.(四)同位语从句类 He has no idea what was the matter with him.
The news that his class got the first prize in the relay—is true.

⑦ 谁有英语常用语法

1. 名词

名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类:
1)个体名词(Indivial Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。
2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。
3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。
4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。
个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词(Countable Nouns),物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)。归纳一下,名词的分类可以下图表示:

_______________________________________
| |专有名词 | |
| 名 | | 个体名词 | |
| | | | 可数名词 |
| | | 集体名词 | |
| |普通名词 | | |
| 词 | | 物质名词 | |
| | | | 不可数名词|
| | | 抽象名词 | |

一、名词性从句

名词性从句主要分为四大类:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

<一>主语从句

1.that引导的主语从句

that引导的主语从句既可以放在句首也可以放在句末,在实际应用中我们常常采用it形式主语的形式。

例句:That he passed the English test is true. 千真万确,他通过了英语考试。

→It is true that he passed the English test.

2.形式主语的四个主要句型

(1)It + be + 名词 + that从句

例:It is a pity that…可惜的是

可应用于此句型的名词还有fact / shame / honor / question等。

(2)It + be + 形容词 + that从句

例:It is certain that… 很肯定

可应用于此句型的形容词还有clear / better / natural / important 等。

(3)It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句

例:It is said that…据说

可应用于此句型的过去分词还有believed / known / reported等。

(4)It + 不及物动词 + that 从句

例:It seems that…好像是

可应用于此句型的不及物动词还有happen / appear 等。

3.wh-引导的主语从句

例句:Where we will go hasn’t been decided. 我们要去哪儿还没定下来。

<二>宾语从句

1.that引导的宾语从句

that常用来引导宾语从句,通常that可以省略。

例句:He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.

他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。

注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,that从句常用“(should) + 动词原形”的结构(参考“虚拟语气”部分)。

2.wh-引导的宾语从句

例句:I want to know what he has told you.

我想知道他告诉了你什么。

3.形容词后面所跟的宾语从句

某些动态形容词(afraid、confident、aware、certain、sure、doubtful等)在句中做表语时,后面可跟宾语从句。

例句:I am confident that I can get the job.

我有信心我可以得到这份工作。

<三>表语从句

1.that引导的表语从句

基本结构:主语 + 系动词 + that从句

例句:The fact is that we have lost the game.

事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。

2.wh-疑问词引导的表语从句

例句:That is why I tell you the news..

那就是我为什么告诉你这个消息的原因。

3.从属连词as if、because、just as等引导的表语从句

例句:It is because I have ever heard of the story.

那是因为我曾经听说过这个故事。

<四>同位语从句

同位语从句通常由that引导

可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。

例句:The news that we won the game is exciting.

我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。

二、定语从句

<一>引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词

关系词
修饰先行词
例句

关系代词
that
人 / 物
Do you know the man that / who is talking to my brother?
你认识和我哥哥聊天的那个人吗?

which

The book that / which I borrowed from John is very interesting.
我从John那借来的书很有趣儿。

who

I don’t know the man that / who is waiting for you at the gate.
我不认识在大门口等你的人。

whom

The man that / whom you met in the supermarket is Tom’s father.
你在超市遇见的那个人是Tom的父亲。

whose
人 / 物
Do you know the man whose wife is injured in a car accident?
你认识那个在车祸中妻子受伤的人吗?

关系副词
when
时间
I will never forget the day when I met you.
我永远忘不了我遇见你的那一天。

where
地点
That is the school where I have studied for 6 years.
那就是我学习了六年的学校。

how
方式
I have forgot the way how to get to the railway station.
我已经忘了去火车站的路。

why
原因
That is the reason why he didn’t come.
那就是他没来的原因。

<二>that和which引导定语从句的区别

1.不用that的情况

(1)在引导非限定性定语从句时

例句:He can speak English fluently,which impressed me most.

他的英语讲得很流利,给我留下了深刻印象。

(2) 介词后不能用

例句:This is the house in which I have lived for 2 years.

这就是我居住了两年的房子。

2.只能用that引导定语从句的情况

(1)在不定代词,如:anything, nothing, something, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which。

例句:There is nothing that we can use.

这里没什么我们可用的东西。

(2)先行词有no, the only, the very, some修饰时,只用that。

例句:This is the very man that I want to meet.

这正是我要见的人。

(3)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,只用that。.

例句:That is the most important thing that I want to know.

那是我想知道的最重要的事。

三、状语从句

状语从句的分类及各种连词

分类
连词
例句

时间状语从句
after, before, as soon as, since, when, till, while等
I was reading when he entered the room.
当他进来的时候我正在读书。

地点状语从句
Where, wherever等
I have put the book where it was.
我已经把书放在原位了。

原因状语从句
because, as, since, for等
I don’t want to go because I am tired of any party.
我不想去因为我已经厌倦了任何宴会。

条件状语从句
if, unless, as long as, so long as等
If you have known the news, please tell me now.
如果你已经知道了这个消息,请现在告诉我。

让步状语从句
though,although,however等
I will not trust you although you have told me the truth.
尽管你已经告诉了我真相,我也不会信任你的。

结果状语从句
so that,so…that…, such…that…等
He ran so fast that nobody could catch up with him.
他跑得如此之快,以至于没人能跟上他。

目的状语从句
so that, in order that等
I must leave now so that I can catch the last bus.
我必须立刻离开以便我能赶上末班车。

方式状语从句
as, just as, as if, as though等
We should do as the teacher told us.
我们应该按照老告诉我们的去做。

比较状语从句
as…as…, not so…as, than等
This house is bigger than that one.
这所房子比那所房子大。
名词性从句考点:(1)连词的选择;(2)主句与从句时态的呼应;(3)同位语从句与定语从句的区别;(4)wh- 与wh-ever 的区别;(4)that在名词性从句中的省略问题;(5)名词性从句的语序问题

状语从句考点:(1)主句与从句的时态呼应问题;(2)连接词的选择(注意区别几组连接词:while / as / when引导时间状语从句;because / since / as / for引导原因状语从句;if / unless引导条件状语从句;so…that / such…that引导结果状语从句等);(3)状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换;(4)状语从句的倒装结构(hardly / scarcely…when;no sooner…than等)

定语从句考点:(1)关系词的选择;(2)that和which的区别;(3)关系词的省略问题;(4)介词在定语从句中位置(介词 + 关系代词);(5)as引导的定语从句;(6)定语从句的先行词和关系词当中的插入语

2、代词
代词考点:(1)人称代词(形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、人称代词);(2)反身代词(3)指示代词(it,that,one,ones等的用法);(4)不定代词(不定代词所指代的内容及其单复数;不定代词的否定意义等)

3、动词(情态动词、动词和动词短语、时态语态、虚拟语气、非谓语动词)
情态动词考点:(1)情态动词的词义辨析;(2)在特定场景中情态动词的选择;(3)must / may / might在推测句中的区别;(4)should / could / would 等 + have + 动词的过去分词的用法;(5)need与dare分别做实义动词和助动词的区别

动词和动词短语考点:(1)动词和动词词组的词义辨析;(2)动词的固定搭配(动词 + 介词;动词 + 副词——介词和副词的选择)

时态语态考点:(1)八种基本时态;(2)主句与从句谓语动词的时态呼应;(3)动词touch / feel / write / sell 等主动表示被动的用法;(4)系动词的用法;(5)延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法

虚拟语气考点:(1)虚拟语气主句和从句时态及结构的对应;(2)动词(suggest / require / order / demand等)、名词(suggestion / requirement / order / demand等)、形容词(necessary / important / essential / basic等)的虚拟语气用法;(3)“It be ( high / about …) that + 句子”结构中的虚拟语气用法;(4)wish / hope等引导的虚拟语气;(5)as if 的虚拟语气;(6)虚拟语气的倒装

非谓语动词考点:(1)非谓语动词的时态、语态;(2)非谓语动词做状语;(3)独立主格结构;(4)with复合结构;(5)非谓语动词的逻辑主语;(6)非谓语动词的否定式;(7)现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别

4、交际用语
交际用语考点:(1)打电话;(2)询问情况;(3)征求许可与应答;(4)邀请与应答;(5)提供帮助与应答;(6)建议与应答;(7)道歉与应答;(8)问候与应答

5、介词
介词考点:(1)动词 + 介词;(2)介词和名词;(3)介词和数词;(4)except / except for / except that / besides用法;

6、冠词
冠词考点:(1)名词前的定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的用法;(2)固定搭配中的冠词用法

7、名词
名词考点:(1)名词的单复数;(2)名词所有格;(3)词义辨析;(4)名词前的冠词;(5)名词的习惯用法;(6)名词做定语的用法

8、强调句型
强调句型考点:it引导的强调句型It be + 被强调部分 + that / who +其它

9、形容词副词
形容词副词考点:(1)词义辨析;(2)比较级;(3)多个形容词做定语的次序、位置(前置 / 后置)

10、主谓一致
主谓一致考点:(1)主语与谓语动词的语法一致;(2)就近原则(either…or / neither…nor / not only …but also等结构中的一致问题);(3)附加原则,主语 + together / along with / in addition to / as well as / except / besides / including等 + 谓语动词结构中的主谓一致问题;(4)整体原则(主语从句、不定式、时间、距离、金钱等词组做主语,通常被视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;(5)有一类词(team / all / some / the rest 等)要根据它在句中实际表达的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数

给个奖励吧^_^ 要好好学,英语嘛,说它难是假的.它需要我们好好对待 英语也就是一通百通 告诉你一个秘诀:准备一个英语改错本和难题解答本.把错的题目加深印象.难的题目作积累. 考试前要巩固,要每天看一看.^_^

⑧ 英语语法项目的英文名称或英文表达

英语语法项目的英文名称或英文表达如下:

时态:tense

语态:voice

单数:singular form

复数:plural form

主谓一致:agreement of subject and verb

定语从句:attributive clause

名词性从句: noun clause

状语从句:adverbial clause

虚拟语气:subjunctive mood

冠词:article

代词:pronoun

形容词和副词:adjective & adverb

动词和动词词组:verbs & verb phrase

非谓语动词:Non-Predicate Verbs / Non-Finite verbs

限定词:determiner

量词:quantifier

数词:numeral

主语:subject

宾语:object

状语:adverbial

定语:attributive

补语:complement

表语:predicative

同位语:appositive

倒装:inversion

不定式:infinitive

(8)英语各种语法英文表达扩展阅读:

英语语法句子成分英文表达:

强调句:emphatic sentence

倒装句:inverted sentence

祈使句:imperative sentence

反义疑问句:disjunctive question

主动语态:active voice

被动语态:passive voice

独立结构:absolute construction

限定从属分句:finite clause

非限定分句:non-finitive clause

状语从句:adverbial clause

主语从句:subject clause

定语(关系)从句:relative clause/attributive clause

⑨ 英语常用语法

1. 名词

名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类:
1)个体名词(Indivial Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。
2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。
3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。
4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。
个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词(Countable Nouns),物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)。归纳一下,名词的分类可以下图表示:

_______________________________________
| |专有名词 | |
| 名 | | 个体名词 | |
| | | | 可数名词 |
| | | 集体名词 | |
| |普通名词 | | |
| 词 | | 物质名词 | |
| | | | 不可数名词|
| | | 抽象名词 | |

一、名词性从句

名词性从句主要分为四大类:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

<一>主语从句

1.that引导的主语从句

that引导的主语从句既可以放在句首也可以放在句末,在实际应用中我们常常采用it形式主语的形式。

例句:That he passed the English test is true. 千真万确,他通过了英语考试。

→It is true that he passed the English test.

2.形式主语的四个主要句型

(1)It + be + 名词 + that从句

例:It is a pity that…可惜的是

可应用于此句型的名词还有fact / shame / honor / question等。

(2)It + be + 形容词 + that从句

例:It is certain that… 很肯定

可应用于此句型的形容词还有clear / better / natural / important 等。

(3)It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句

例:It is said that…据说

可应用于此句型的过去分词还有believed / known / reported等。

(4)It + 不及物动词 + that 从句

例:It seems that…好像是

可应用于此句型的不及物动词还有happen / appear 等。

3.wh-引导的主语从句

例句:Where we will go hasn’t been decided. 我们要去哪儿还没定下来。

<二>宾语从句

1.that引导的宾语从句

that常用来引导宾语从句,通常that可以省略。

例句:He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.

他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。

注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,that从句常用“(should) + 动词原形”的结构(参考“虚拟语气”部分)。

2.wh-引导的宾语从句

例句:I want to know what he has told you.

我想知道他告诉了你什么。

3.形容词后面所跟的宾语从句

某些动态形容词(afraid、confident、aware、certain、sure、doubtful等)在句中做表语时,后面可跟宾语从句。

例句:I am confident that I can get the job.

我有信心我可以得到这份工作。

<三>表语从句

1.that引导的表语从句

基本结构:主语 + 系动词 + that从句

例句:The fact is that we have lost the game.

事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。

2.wh-疑问词引导的表语从句

例句:That is why I tell you the news..

那就是我为什么告诉你这个消息的原因。

3.从属连词as if、because、just as等引导的表语从句

例句:It is because I have ever heard of the story.

那是因为我曾经听说过这个故事。

<四>同位语从句

同位语从句通常由that引导

可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。

例句:The news that we won the game is exciting.

我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。

二、定语从句

<一>引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词

关系词
修饰先行词
例句

关系代词
that
人 / 物
Do you know the man that / who is talking to my brother?
你认识和我哥哥聊天的那个人吗?

which

The book that / which I borrowed from John is very interesting.
我从John那借来的书很有趣儿。

who

I don’t know the man that / who is waiting for you at the gate.
我不认识在大门口等你的人。

whom

The man that / whom you met in the supermarket is Tom’s father.
你在超市遇见的那个人是Tom的父亲。

whose
人 / 物
Do you know the man whose wife is injured in a car accident?
你认识那个在车祸中妻子受伤的人吗?

关系副词
when
时间
I will never forget the day when I met you.
我永远忘不了我遇见你的那一天。

where
地点
That is the school where I have studied for 6 years.
那就是我学习了六年的学校。

how
方式
I have forgot the way how to get to the railway station.
我已经忘了去火车站的路。

why
原因
That is the reason why he didn’t come.
那就是他没来的原因。

<二>that和which引导定语从句的区别

1.不用that的情况

(1)在引导非限定性定语从句时

例句:He can speak English fluently,which impressed me most.

他的英语讲得很流利,给我留下了深刻印象。

(2) 介词后不能用

例句:This is the house in which I have lived for 2 years.

这就是我居住了两年的房子。

2.只能用that引导定语从句的情况

(1)在不定代词,如:anything, nothing, something, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which。

例句:There is nothing that we can use.

这里没什么我们可用的东西。

(2)先行词有no, the only, the very, some修饰时,只用that。

例句:This is the very man that I want to meet.

这正是我要见的人。

(3)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,只用that。.

例句:That is the most important thing that I want to know.

那是我想知道的最重要的事。

三、状语从句

状语从句的分类及各种连词

分类
连词
例句

时间状语从句
after, before, as soon as, since, when, till, while等
I was reading when he entered the room.
当他进来的时候我正在读书。

地点状语从句
Where, wherever等
I have put the book where it was.
我已经把书放在原位了。

原因状语从句
because, as, since, for等
I don’t want to go because I am tired of any party.
我不想去因为我已经厌倦了任何宴会。

条件状语从句
if, unless, as long as, so long as等
If you have known the news, please tell me now.
如果你已经知道了这个消息,请现在告诉我。

让步状语从句
though,although,however等
I will not trust you although you have told me the truth.
尽管你已经告诉了我真相,我也不会信任你的。

结果状语从句
so that,so…that…, such…that…等
He ran so fast that nobody could catch up with him.
他跑得如此之快,以至于没人能跟上他。

目的状语从句
so that, in order that等
I must leave now so that I can catch the last bus.
我必须立刻离开以便我能赶上末班车。

方式状语从句
as, just as, as if, as though等
We should do as the teacher told us.
我们应该按照老告诉我们的去做。

比较状语从句
as…as…, not so…as, than等
This house is bigger than that one.
这所房子比那所房子大。
名词性从句考点:(1)连词的选择;(2)主句与从句时态的呼应;(3)同位语从句与定语从句的区别;(4)wh- 与wh-ever 的区别;(4)that在名词性从句中的省略问题;(5)名词性从句的语序问题

状语从句考点:(1)主句与从句的时态呼应问题;(2)连接词的选择(注意区别几组连接词:while / as / when引导时间状语从句;because / since / as / for引导原因状语从句;if / unless引导条件状语从句;so…that / such…that引导结果状语从句等);(3)状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换;(4)状语从句的倒装结构(hardly / scarcely…when;no sooner…than等)

定语从句考点:(1)关系词的选择;(2)that和which的区别;(3)关系词的省略问题;(4)介词在定语从句中位置(介词 + 关系代词);(5)as引导的定语从句;(6)定语从句的先行词和关系词当中的插入语

2、代词
代词考点:(1)人称代词(形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、人称代词);(2)反身代词(3)指示代词(it,that,one,ones等的用法);(4)不定代词(不定代词所指代的内容及其单复数;不定代词的否定意义等)

3、动词(情态动词、动词和动词短语、时态语态、虚拟语气、非谓语动词)
情态动词考点:(1)情态动词的词义辨析;(2)在特定场景中情态动词的选择;(3)must / may / might在推测句中的区别;(4)should / could / would 等 + have + 动词的过去分词的用法;(5)need与dare分别做实义动词和助动词的区别

动词和动词短语考点:(1)动词和动词词组的词义辨析;(2)动词的固定搭配(动词 + 介词;动词 + 副词——介词和副词的选择)

时态语态考点:(1)八种基本时态;(2)主句与从句谓语动词的时态呼应;(3)动词touch / feel / write / sell 等主动表示被动的用法;(4)系动词的用法;(5)延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法

虚拟语气考点:(1)虚拟语气主句和从句时态及结构的对应;(2)动词(suggest / require / order / demand等)、名词(suggestion / requirement / order / demand等)、形容词(necessary / important / essential / basic等)的虚拟语气用法;(3)“It be ( high / about …) that + 句子”结构中的虚拟语气用法;(4)wish / hope等引导的虚拟语气;(5)as if 的虚拟语气;(6)虚拟语气的倒装

非谓语动词考点:(1)非谓语动词的时态、语态;(2)非谓语动词做状语;(3)独立主格结构;(4)with复合结构;(5)非谓语动词的逻辑主语;(6)非谓语动词的否定式;(7)现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别

4、交际用语
交际用语考点:(1)打电话;(2)询问情况;(3)征求许可与应答;(4)邀请与应答;(5)提供帮助与应答;(6)建议与应答;(7)道歉与应答;(8)问候与应答

5、介词
介词考点:(1)动词 + 介词;(2)介词和名词;(3)介词和数词;(4)except / except for / except that / besides用法;

6、冠词
冠词考点:(1)名词前的定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的用法;(2)固定搭配中的冠词用法

7、名词
名词考点:(1)名词的单复数;(2)名词所有格;(3)词义辨析;(4)名词前的冠词;(5)名词的习惯用法;(6)名词做定语的用法

8、强调句型
强调句型考点:it引导的强调句型It be + 被强调部分 + that / who +其它

9、形容词副词
形容词副词考点:(1)词义辨析;(2)比较级;(3)多个形容词做定语的次序、位置(前置 / 后置)

10、主谓一致
主谓一致考点:(1)主语与谓语动词的语法一致;(2)就近原则(either…or / neither…nor / not only …but also等结构中的一致问题);(3)附加原则,主语 + together / along with / in addition to / as well as / except / besides / including等 + 谓语动词结构中的主谓一致问题;(4)整体原则(主语从句、不定式、时间、距离、金钱等词组做主语,通常被视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;(5)有一类词(team / all / some / the rest 等)要根据它在句中实际表达的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数

⑩ 英语各种语法的英文名称,例如名词性从句怎么说

Last sunday, Mr.Lee got up very early to go fishing.

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